Christopher Golden, PhD, MPH
Harvard School of Public Health (CHGE)
Director, WCS’ HEAL (Health & Ecosystems: Analysis of Linkages)ATBC 2014
Health and economic valuation of the subsistence harvest of wildlife in Madagascar
HEAL SLIDE
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Ecological Transition:
enter the Anthropocene
Intact,
Natural
Environments
Engineered
Infrastructure/
Markets
Increased capital,
Increased inequality
The Poor
Loss of natural insurance:
food, shelter, etc.
Conservation as
Public Health Intervention
85% of all flora and fauna in Madagascar is endemic to the country
50% of floral diversity is found in the Makira watershed
Lemurs and all native carnivores are endemic only to Madagascar
Makira Watershed
Wildlife as an Ecosystem Service
BUSHMEAT AND ECONOMIES
The bushmeat trade is a local to global market that is
valued at billions of dollars per year
Biodiversity Targeted
• 7 yrs of panel data from 2 adjacent NPs for more than 650 hh
• Only 2% of wildlife harvest is sold (n=232, from 194 hh)
• Wildlife demand curve
• Two-stage least squares panel data method using IVs
• Average ecosystem service value per hectare was $0.42/ha
• 57% of annual cash income (95%CI: 1.3-190.7%)
• Imputed price of wildlife and its consumption were highly correlated where higher prices led to reduced consumption
• Welfare value (foregone benefits from conservation)
• 2/3 of wildlife is harvested illegally
Nutritional Value of Wildlife
Global Anemia Prevalence
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Nutritional Importance of
Wildlife
Nutritional Importance of
Wildlife
Wildlife and nutrition
Anthropometry & Clinical Work
Nutritional Analyses
- Micronutrients (iron, zinc), vitamins (A, B12, E) and fatty acids (LA/ALA vs EPA/DHA)
- Biomarkers (CRP, AGP, TFR, ferritin)- Linking diet to status- Linking environmental change to diet
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS• the HEAL Consortium
• Matthew Bonds, Justin
Brashares and Claire Kremen
• Dr. Herlyne Ramihantaniarivo
• WCS Madagascar
• Anjaranirina Evelin Gasta
