BioEarth QES Co-Generation Machine (BioEarth QES)
21st. Century Global Challenges.
Global challenges in the 21st Century Natural resources are being exhausted. Petroleum – instability/uncertainty with
cost and supply Depletion/degradation of the Global
environment Key values of BioEarth QES Technology
Resource Recovery from waste. Energy Recovery from waste. Reduce some major threats to the
environment. CO2 depletion
WHAT ‘The BioEarth QES’ CAN DO ?
Fuel Oil
Gas
Carbon/fertilizer
BioEarth QES SYSTEM
Recycling resourceOrganic Material
Inputs:Output Products:
TYPICAL APPLICATION RANGE
Used tires or waste rubberUsed tires or waste rubber
Waste plasticPP, PE, HDPE, PVC
Waste plasticPP, PE, HDPE, PVC
Agricultural wasteFood waste
Agricultural wasteFood waste
MSW*MSW*Removal of mercury from earth and sludge Removal of mercury from earth and sludge
Organic sludge Organic sludge
Removal of electrical wire insulation
Removal of electrical wire insulation
Landfill recoveryLandfill recovery
Waste wax, Petroleum waste
Waste wax, Petroleum waste
Electronic Waste Electronic Waste
Organic waste Organic waste
CoalCoal
Hospital WasteHospital Waste Carbon black modificationCarbon black modificationRe-treatment of
Activated Carbon Re-treatment of
Activated Carbon
*Municipal Solid Waste
SPECIFICATIONS OF BioEarth QES SYSTEM
– Power Consumption: < 10KWH, 220V 3Phase– Startup Diesel Oil Consumption: < 150L/2hr.– First Stage Operating Temperature:
200C ~ 450C, Adjustable– Second Stage Operating Temperature:
450C ~ 850C, Adjustable– Water Consumption: 100L/hr– Processing Rate: 1.5T/hr ~ 3T/hr– Dimensions (L X W X H): 12m x 2.3m x 2.3m– Maximum Condenser Processing Rate: 3000CMH– Maximum Chamber’s Volume of Reactor: 2.8m3
– Maximum Size of Loading: D=300mm
PROCESS AND HEAT FLOW – DIAGRAM 1
BioEarth
QES BioEarth QES combines a
two stage pyrolysis into one system.
BioEarth QES is an advanced combination of thermal cracking and steam cracking technologies.
The first stage deals with energy conversion.
The second stage deals with the removal of mercury and activated carbon.
The end products are: Fuel oil Carbon black / activated carbon Fuel gas
PROCESS AND HEAT FLOW – DIAGRAM 2
Screw loading
Stage I Pyrolysis
Stage II Pyrolysis
Condenser
Heat Source
Gas Treatment
Mercury Removing
Activated Carbon FilterBurner
Oil/WaterSeparatorOil Re-treatmentOil Storage tank
Waste Water Treatment
Super heater
SteamGenerat
or
Screw unloading
FUEL GAS
CLEAN WATER
OIL FOR SALE
CARBON BY-PRODUCT
Oil Reactor
OFF GAS
Hot Gas
Oil & Gas & Steam
FUEL OIL
PROCESS AND HEAT FLOW – DIAGRAM 3
Oil/
Ga
s/S
tea
m
Screw Loading
Stage I Pyrolysis
Stage II Pyrolysis
Screw Unloading
Heat Generator
Gas/ Oil Burner
SuperHeater
Heat Exchanger
Pre-Heater
VentilatorWaste Inlet
Off Gas
Fuel GasFrom Condensers
Fuel OilSupply System
Carbon BlackFor Sales
Oil
Gas
Retr
eat
PROCESS AND HEAT FLOW – DIAGRAM 4
Special loading machine (3 ton/hour)
Waste Received from client1. Mixed Plastic2. Used tire chips3. ….etc.
conveyor
Oil Storage Tank
Oil sold to clients1. textile industry2. Fired Power station
ECS2000C
Waste Water treatment Tank
Special unloading machine
Magnetic Selector
Steel Storage Tank
Grinder and Selectors, 300M mesh, Carbon Black
Dryer Off gas from ECS2000S
Carbon Black sold to1. Rubber Companies2. Plastic companies3. Color material, like pigment
Off gas exhauster
Steel sold to1. Steel Recycle Companies
Pyrolytic Gas /Oil Treatment – DIAGRAM 5
Stage I Condensing
Stage II Condensing
Cyclone Filter
Scrubbing Cleaner
Dehumidifier
Activated Carbon Filter
Wate
r/O
il T
an
k
Coolin
g
Cooler
De-T
ar
De-Tar
Oil
Out
let
Fuel Gas
Pyrolytic Gas / Oil/ Steam
Water and Oil Treatment – DIAGRAM 6
Clean Water Tank
Water/Oil Separator
Oil Filter with Tank
Oil Tank
Oil Filter
Waste Water Tank
Water Treatment
Oil Tank for Burner
Wat
er S
uppl
yO
il In
let
from
Con
dens
ers
Sta
rtup
Oil
To B
urne
r
Ext-Water Inlet
Sludge Outlet
Fuel Oil for Sale
Energy Recovery Efficiency
Heat Source 1000C
Pyrolytic Gas
Off-Gas, 110C – 130C
Efficiency > 85%
Unique energy recovery and conversion technologies
Energy efficiency as high as 85%
Stage II pyrolysis
Stage I pyrolysis
Steam Generator
Water Preheat
Environmental Impact
Non-combustible waste.Free of air pollution.Free of secondary pollution.Free of dioxin.No burning and no landfill requirements.Lower environmental impact than any other re-cycling method.
Fuel Oil - Quality
Ordinary diesel fuel specifications
BioEarth QES - Oil analysis
Flash Point > 60℃ 100℃ ASTM D92
Mobile point -9℃ ASTM D97
Dynamic viscosity: Kinematic viscosity at 40℃
1.9 – 4.3 4.22 ASTM D445
Density: / 25℃ 0.887 ASTM 4052
Sulfur wt% > 1% < 0.75 ASTM D4294
Water and sediments < 0.1% < 0.1% ASTM D95
PS: (Cracking tires by BioEarth QES 500) 1. The results from the analysis of the SGS report 2. Flash point may be adjusted to meet local regulations. 3. Removes sulfur to less than 0.1% utilizing the desulfurization process.
Carbon - Quality
General carbon black of tires
BioEarth QES - Analysis of the results of carbon black
Surface area m2/g 10 - 70 > 84 ASTM D3663
Iodine value mg/g 10 - 40 > 156.8 ASTM 3495
oil % > 5% < 0.1% ASTM D3495
sulfur wt% < 1.5 – 3% ASTM D4294
P.S: (Cracking tires) 1. Iodine value of the carbon black surface area, increases with processing time, this may be adjusted by increasing process time and temperature. 2. Cracker project to test the processing time is 22min 3. The processing does not remove Sulfur.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System – Table 1
Ref No.
BioEarth QES SYSTEM Other Systems in Europe and the United States
1. Feedstock inputs and methodology
Continuous Batch Continuous
Free of explosion. Most safety than other system
Explosion and security concerns, air pollution concern
Built in safety precautions to prevent explosion or spontaneous combustion.
Explosion and safety concerns
2. Heat sources Mixed heat sources Single heat source
Gas, diesel, steam Gas, diesel, infrared, microwave, electric wire
3. Pyrolysis and Heating Process
Indirect + direct steam heatingTwo stage process with steam activated. The max process temperature of second stage is up to 850C
Indirect heatingOne stage processProcess temperature lower than 450C
4. Cracking time for tireChips
< 10-15 min >1.2hr >35min
5. Energy efficiency > 85% <30% < 50%
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System – Table 2
Ref No.
BioEarth QES SYSTEM Other Systems in Europe and the United States
6. Product Quality
1. Light fuel oil like diesel oil2. High quality carbon black
1. Heavy oil2. bad quality carbon black
(a) Oil, sulfur content
Low sulfur content, better quality, high price
High sulfur content, low quality, low price
< 1%, can reach to 0.3% without catalyst
> 2% > 2%
(b) Carbon quality
High quality, no oil content, high iodine absorption rate, high surface area,
Low quality, high oil content, low iodine absorption, low surface area,
BET 120~800, Oil content <0.1% meet N220 standard
BET <60, Oil content > 1%, second waste
BET<60, Oil content >1% Second waste
7. Operating Efficiency 1. Complete cracking 2. High-quality carbon black and high prices for sale 3. Fast cracking time in 15 minutes4. No need complete vacuum, the system safe
1. Cracking incomplete 2. low-quality carbon black oil, can not be sold 3. Cracking requires longer time 4. Must be complete vacuum, as there are safety concerns
8. Application range Multi-purpose, any kind of organic material, mercury removing, coal … etc.
Single purpose.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES SystemPyrolysis Methodology (The process of using heat to break down complex substances into simpler substances by the use of heat)
BioEarth QES System Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
1. Feedstock Inputs and methodology
The leading edge BioEarth QES system is a continuous feedstock system which operates under normal pressures making it easier to control the explosive fuel gas containing hydrogen and which is discharged during the pyrolysis process. This makes the BioEarth QES system much safer than the traditional systems used by BioEarth QES’s competitors which operate under high pressures. Further since the BioEarth QES system is continuous, it does not have to be shut down to cool the rising temperatures and reduce the high pressures that are incurred by the competitors who use the traditional pyrolysis systems. Also since the BioEarth QES system operates continuously, it does not have to be shut down and therefore is much more energy efficient than the batch system used by some of BioEarth QES’s competitors.
The Competitors use a batch system(earliest developed pyrolysis system) or a different version of the continuous system which both operate under high pressures. This increases the danger of leakage in the explosive fuel gas created in the pyrolysis process, which increases the risk and danger of explosion. Further under the batch system the operator can only reload the feedstock once the pressures are reduced and the high temperature is cooled. This process of shutting down the pyrolysis operation to accommodate the cooling of temperatures and reducing of pressures the results in energy loss and operation time, thereby making it a much less efficient pyrolysis system.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES SystemPyrolysis Methodology (The process of using heat to break down complex substances into simpler substances by the use of heat)
BioEarth QES System Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
2. Heat Sources The BioEarth QES system uses a mixed heat source incorporating the uses of gas, or diesel together with steam. By incorporating the use of steam the feedstock materials are heated uniformly throughout as the steam penetrates into the center of the feedstock materials creating a more uniform heated feedstock rather than the single heat source used by BioEarth QES’s competitors.
Further, once the pyrolysis process is initiated in the BioEarth QES system, fuel gas is created in the combustion chamber which is captured, and the dioxins, sulfur and other toxic materials removed and the clean fuel gas is reused as a fuel source for the combustion chamber. In essence the BioEarth QES system, once started, creates its own fuel, thereby eliminating the need for an external
fuel source.
The competitors use a single heat source which chars the surface of the feedstock, but does not penetrate effectively below the surface of the feedstock material resulting in the internal portions of the feedstock materials remaining significantly cooler than the surface. This results in incomplete cracking (the breakdown of complex substances into smaller molecules using heat) of the feedstock material. This process results in a lower quality of carbon black, making it unsalable.
The conventional competitor pyrolysis systems simply burn off the fuel gas released, thereby releasing dioxins and sulfur into the
atmosphere, creating an environmental hazard.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES SystemPyrolysis Methodology (The process of using heat to break down complex substances into simpler substances by the use of heat)
BioEarth QES System Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
3. Pyrolysis and Heating ProcessThe BioEarth QES System uses a Two stage process which is steam activated and uses an indirect heating system incorporating direct steam heating. This system results in a fast pyrolysis, short processing time, minimal energy consumption, complete treatment of the organic material, high quality by-products and a safer pyrolysis process through the use of steam.The BioEarth QES System can operate at a temperate up to 850C in its second Stage. The reason a Two stage process is required is that different organic waste materials require different temperatures to treat them. It is impossible to treat a wide range of organic compounds in the stage One process. Although most organic compounds can be cracked between 350C and 420C and 95% of organic compounds will be decomposed to become fuel oil and fuel gas under 450C leaving 5% of the organic material unprocessed. To treat the remaining 5% of organic material a higher temperate is required, so a Two stage process is used which can operate at temperatures up to 850C. To crack used tires a suggested
The competitors use indirect heating systems which operate at processing temperature less than 450C. As this method does not effectively penetrate heat into the internal feedstock materials, a longer processing time is required. Further, it often results in an incomplete treatment which results in a lower quality of by-products. Also the poor thermal conductivity of this process requires more energy consumption and reduces the
safety of pyrolysis process.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES SystemPyrolysis Methodology (The process of using heat to break down complex substances into simpler substances by the use of heat)
BioEarth QES System Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
3. Pyrolysis and Heating Process (continued)
temperature of 500C and 600C for coal is required in the Second Stage of the BioEarth QES system. These are temperatures that the competitor’s single heat source systems do not achieve.
4. Cracking Time for Tire Chips The BioEarth QES system takes approximately 2 minutes to completely decompose 10cm2 of used tire chips to fuel oil and fuel gas at 400C. The standard cracking time for tire chips is less than 10 – 15 minutes.
The traditional indirect heat system alone used by the competitors takes in excess of 8 minutes to decompose 10cm2 of used tire chips. The standard cracking time for the conventional batch system is greater than 1.2 hours and greater than 35 minutes for the conventional continuous system for each ton of feedstock
inputs.
5. Energy Efficiency The BioEarth QES system operates at an energy efficiency exceeding 85%
The competitor batch systems operate at an efficiency level of less than 30%. The traditional continuous competitor systems operate at an efficiency level of less than 50%.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES SystemPyrolysis Methodology (The process of using heat to break down complex substances into simpler substances by the use of heat)
BioEarth QES System Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
6. Product Quality (a) Oil, sulfur content
(b) Carbon Quality
The BioEarth QES system uses steam to produce a light fuel oil similar to diesel fuel containing less than 1% sulfur and can achieve sulfur content as low as 0.3% without the use of a catalyst. This lower sulfur content oil commands a higher selling price. Further the BioEarth QES system produces less Tar sand than the competitors systems making BioEarth QES’s products more attractive to the Buyers.The BioEarth QES system produces a carbon black with less than 0.1% oil content which meets the N220 or N330 carbon black specifications and has a BET rating or 120-800 (“Adsorption Surface Area”). The resulting carbon black has a high iodine absorption rate and high surface area making it a desirable By-product. The fact that there is indiscernible amount of oil is significant because carbon black cannot have oil content as the oil will cause a chemical reaction and affect the process in plastic or rubber production. If carbon black contains an oil compound it will burn and cannot be sold.
The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis systems cannot normally produce oil having a sulfur content of less than 2 % without the use of catalysts. Further the competitors’ traditional pyrolysis systems cause a tar sand problem and produce dirty oil.
The competitors using the traditional systems cannot produce a carbon black having less than 1% oil content which makes for a non saleable carbon waste with a BET rating of less than 60. Further the iodine absorption
and surface area are low.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES SystemPyrolysis Methodology (The process of using heat to break down complex substances into simpler substances by the use of heat)
BioEarth QES System Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
7. Operating Efficiencies The BioEarth QES system is a total cracking system producing a high quality carbon black for sale which is in high demand. Further the fast cracking time of less than 15 minutes increases the efficiency of operation over that of the competitors. Further the BioEarth QES system does not require a total vacuum like that of our competitors which makes the BioEarth QES system a safer operating system than that of our competitors.
The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis systems result in an incomplete cracking of feedstock. This produces a low quality of carbon black which contains an unacceptable level of oil, with a low iodine absorption surface area such that this product cannot be sold. Further the cracking times for the traditional systems are greater than 30 minutes and require a total vacuum during the cracking process. As a result these systems have more safety concerns than the BioEarth QES system.
8. Application Range The BioEarth QES system is multi-purpose using any kind of organic material, coal etc, and can remove mercury and other toxic substances.
The competition using the traditional pyrolysis systems are single purpose and lack the
flexibility of the BioEarth QES system.
9. Environmental Impact The BioEarth QES system requires no waste burning and is free of air-pollution and carcinogenic dioxins. There are no secondary pollutants.
The competition requires a landfill for the waste carbon and some traditional systems have a high degree of air and dioxin pollution. Further a secondary pollutant resulting from the traditional pyrolysis systems is slag-dust.
Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES SystemPyrolysis Methodology (The process of using heat to break down complex substances into simpler substances by the use of heat)
BioEarth QES System Competitor Pyrolysis Systems
10. By Products The By-products of the BioEarth QES system are gas, oil, steam recovery, power, carbon black, fertilizer and metal recovery depending on the feedstock input materials used.
The traditional pyrolysis systems only have Power and steam as By-products and these are only generated from large scale pyrolysis systems.
11. Operating cost (US$/ton)
The operating cost of the BioEarth QES system is below 30 dollars per ton.
The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis systems have operating costs in excess of 150 dollars per ton.
12. Extra Environmental Costs The pyrolysis operations of the BioEarth QES system produce no air pollution and require no land fill for disposable of waste materials.
The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis systems incur high costs for air pollution control and land fill charges for disposal of waste materials.
13. Projected Pay Back on Investment
Less than 2 years after commencement of production.
The Competitors high capital cost (exceeding $5,000,000 USD) and higher operating costs result in a Pay-back period exceeding 7 years from the commencement of production.
Thermal radiation
Comparative Analysis
Traditional cracking technology (Thermal radiation) Disadvantages:
Cracking a long time (10 – 30min, 10cm2 tire chips) Cracking incomplete Tar sand problem Low-quality carbon black and dirty oil Iodine absorption surface area low High vacuum required
Steam intrusion initiative
BioEarth QES System (Thermal radiation and Steam) Advantages:
Complete cracking Less Tar sand produced than all other systems High surface area and iodine absorption rate Oil without carbon dust Cracking time (2 - 5min) Minimal vacuum required
Comparative Analysis (Continued)
Fuel Gas (C1 – C4), about 15% to 18%
Fuel Oil vapor (C5 – C40), 80%
H2, about 3.5%
Traditional cracking technologyReaction of oil and gas composition before condensing
BioEarth QES Energy conversion technology Reaction of oil and gas composition before condensing
Fuel Gas (C1 – C4), about 8% - 10%
Fuel Oil vapor (C5 – C22), 50%
H2, about 2%
Water Steam H2O, up to 40%
AIR
Must be high vacuum , explosion concerns
Steam protection
Built in safety – No risk of combustion
Anticipated Gross Margin from a variety of products
PERFORMANCE OF One BioEarth QES2000S System In Waste Treatment (10,000 Tons per year)
Item CountryExpense per ton (US$) Income per ton (US$) Net
Profit(per ton)
Net Profit(per year)
Profit MarginRaw Material Operating Fuel Oil Carbon
BlackWaste Rubber
Used Tire ChipsChina $155 $12 $150 $195 $179 $1,785,344 51.7%Taiwan $47 $30 $150 $195 $269 $2,686,250 77.8%
Waste Misc. Plastic
China $47 $12 $225 $0 $166 $1,661,125 73.8%Taiwan ($38) $30 $225 $0 $233 $2,327,656 88.7%
Oil Sludge China ($56) $12 $150 $78 $272 $2,723,625 95.8%Taiwan ($156) $30 $94 $94 $314 $3,140,156 91.4%
Sludge (Hg) Taiwan ($313) $51 $0 $0 $262 $2,618,865 83.8%
MSW China ($2) $12 $60 $0 $50 $495,500 80.5%Taiwan ($47) $30 $105 ($6) $116 $1,158,906 76.3%
Sludge (leather) China ($4) $12 $135 $0 $127 $1,267,375 91.3%Taiwan ($109) $30 $135 ($6) $208 $2,083,906 85.3%
Carbon Activated Taiwan ($63) $30 $0 $0 $33 $327,656 52.4%
Hospital Waste China ($469) $47 $90 $0 $ 541 $5,407,313 96.8%Taiwan ($313) $82 $90 ($11) $347 $3,469,609 86.2%
Coal to Oil China $98 $12 $68 $94 $51 $508,000 31.5%
E-Waste China ($2) $12 $225 $156 $371 $3,708,000 96.9%Taiwan ($94) $30 $225 $156 $445 $4,452,656 93.7%
Food WasteChina ($1) $3 $45 $6 $49 $1,480,219 94.3%Taiwan ($47) $7 $38 $19 $96 $2,870,742 92.8%
SUMMARY
Two stage process in one system.Fully integrated systemModular design facilitates easy installation and mass production.Combination of thermal cracking and steam cracking in one system.Steam heat and radial heat applies in the pyrolysis process.Built-in safety.The high quality by-products.BioEarth QES is a continuous loading systemBioEarth QES is a multi-purpose system which handles a
wide variety of organic waste items. Lower capital requirements than competitive systemsAbove normal rate of return on investmentPatented: TaiwanPatent pending: China - USA
Video of Existing Operating Plant
BioEarth inc. CONTACT INFORMATION
Brian Raab President
2369 Forest Grove Rd.Furlong, PA. 18925 01.215.794.9371
www.BioEarth inc.com