The Leeuwengroten of the Zutphen Hoard (1958) Part Two (D)

Paul Torongo & Raymond van Oosterhout

© 2016

Due to the file size limitations of Academia.edu, we have been forced to

artificially split this paper, originally in two parts, into four parts.

PART D

(part 4 of 4)

92

Unclear ‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘sharp’ C’s (cont.)

M 02918 / 2.1 g,

‘Normal’ N’s, ‘wedge’ L on the obverse. Although this is probably an Issue V, ‘rough’ style

coin, this is one of the pieces where Issue VI cannot be ruled out as a possibility. The A of

FLAND appears to have a low-sitting crossbar (indicating Issue V).

M 02935 / 2.6 g.

This coin has definite ‘wedge’ L’s on both faces, as well as ‘footless’ N’s on the reverse. It

has a possible ‘keyhole’ O in COMES and sharp C’s. If the obverse N’s are ‘normal’, the coin

must be a ‘rough’ style piece; if they are ‘footless’, then it must be a ‘footless’ N coin. We

suspect the former, although the leaf-mark has a bit of “leafiness” to it.

93

Unclear ‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘sharp’ C’s (cont.)

M 02937 / 2.9 g.

Very little about this coin is clear, other than the ‘wedge’ L’s and probable ‘normal’ N’s. The

C’s appear to be sharp. The leaf stem implies a ‘refined’ style coin.

M 02938 / 2.8 g.

The C’s, although clumsy, appear to be sharp. The L on the reverse appears to be a ‘wedge’.

There may be a ‘keyhole’ O in COMES. The N’s on both faces seem ‘normal’.

94

Unclear ‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘sharp’ C’s (cont.)

M 02951 / 2.7 g.

‘Normal’ N’s, possible ‘indent’ D in COMES, possible ‘wedge’ L in LVDOVIC, possible

sharp C’s. The L of FLAND is clearly not a ‘wedge’, and is probably a ‘narrow’ type. This

coin probably belongs to the ‘narrow’ L sub-group.

M 02952 / 2.5 g.

There is an ‘indent’ D in FLAND, possible ‘normal’ N’s and probable sharp C’s. The rest of

the coin is unclear.

95

Unclear ‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘sharp’ C’s (cont.)

M 02960 / 2.8 g.

There are ‘wedge’ L’s on both faces, an ‘indent’ D in LVDOVIC, and probable sharp C’s.

The rest of the coin is unclear, except for a leaf-stem that may indicate a ‘refined’ style piece.

M 02964 / 2.4 g.

‘Normal’ N’s, ‘wedge’ L in LVDOVIC, possible sharp C’s, ‘keyhole’ O in COMES. The

N’s in the reverse outer legend seem to be ‘footless’, making this a ‘rough’ style coin.

96

Unclear ‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘sharp’ C’s (cont.)

M 02974 / 2.8 g.

‘Normal’ N’s obverse (reverse illegible), ‘wedge’ L’s, possible sharp C’s and ‘indent’ D’s.

M 02985 / 2.7 g.

‘Normal’ N’s and ‘wedge’ L’s on both faces, probable sharp C’s and ‘keyhole’ O. Although

the leaf-mark does not resound of the ‘rough’ style, the general look of the lettering makes us

inclined to place this coin in that sub-group.

97

‘Narrow’ L’s / ‘sharp’ C’s (1 coin)

M 02905 / 2.3 g.

The L of FLAND appears to be ‘curvy’, while the L of LVDOVIC is unclear. The C’s in the

reverse, inner legend appear to be ‘sharp’. A ‘curvy’ or ‘narrow’ L on the obverse combined

with ‘sharp’ C’s on the reverse would indicate the ‘narrow’ L group and no other. The T of

MON ETA is very small.

‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (22 coins)

If our categorizations are correct, then coins with ‘wedge’ L’s on both faces and ‘rounded C’s

in the reverse, inner legend should belong to the ‘rough’ style group and no other.

‘Keyhole’ O’s (22 coins)

The following coins all have a ‘keyhole’ O in COMES on the reverse: ü. While a small

number of them seem to have a ‘refined’ style leaf-mark, most seem to have either a ‘rough’

style leaf or an illegible one. The C’s are all rounded, although a few of them are fairly sharp

at the bottom. The ‘keyhole’ O is not confined to this sub-group, and is also seen on some

Issue VI and VII coins.

98

‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s

M 02831 / 2.7 g.

M 02847 / 2.5 g.

M 02850 / 2.5 g.

99

‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (cont.)

`

M 02853 / 2.7 g.

M 02858 / 2.6 g.

M 02862 / 2.8 g.

100

‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (cont.)

M 02865 / 2.7 g.

M 02874 / 2.0 g.

M 02880 / 2.9 g.

101

‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (cont.)

M 02884 / 2.8 g.

M 02889 / 2.9 g.

M 02893 / 3.5 g.

102

‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (cont.)

M 02922 / 2.6 g.

M 02924 / 2.5 g.

M 02940 / 2.6 g.

103

‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (cont.)

M 02949 / 2.5 g.

M 02950 / 2.4 g.

M 02959 / 2.7 g.

104

‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (cont.)

M 02961 / 2.9 g

M 02962 / 2.8 g.

M 02965 / 2.3 g.

105

‘Wedge’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (cont.)

M 02970 / 2.3g

‘Curvy’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (4 coins)

Coins with these attributes do not come from the sub-group ‘refined’ style. Coins with ‘curvy’

L’s also do not come from the ‘rough’ style or the ‘footless’ N groups.

M 02891 / 2.6 g.

Appears to have ‘rounded’ C’s in the reverse, inner legend. The L of LVDOVIC is a ‘wedge’

L, while the L of FLAND appears ‘curvy.

106

‘Curvy’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (cont.)

M 02923 / 2.4 g.

Appears to have ‘rounded’ C’s in the reverse, inner legend. The L of LVDOVIC is a ‘wedge’

L, the L of FLAND is probably ‘wedge’ as well, although it does have a slight curve to it.

The T of MONETA is fairly small, and the reverse of the coin is double-struck. Probably a

‘rough’ style coin.

M 02926 / 2.3 g.

Seems to have ‘rounded’ C’s in the reverse, inner legend and a ‘curvy’ L in FLAND. The L

of LVDOVIC is unclear and may even be ‘serif’ type (placing it in the sub-group of the same

name). This piece is presumably belongs either to the ‘narrow’, ‘curvy’, or ‘serif’ L group.

107

‘Curvy’ L’s / ‘rounded’ C’s (cont.)

M 02945 / 2.2 g.

The N’s on both faces seem ‘normal’, the reverse, inner legend C’s seem ‘rounded’. The L on

the reverse appears to have a ‘wedge foot’. Although it also seems to have a fairly large serif

on the ascender, the other letters do not conform to the so-called ‘serif’ L type. The L on the

obverse appears to be a ‘curvy’ type. A ‘wedge’ L reverse and ‘curvy’ L obverse put the coin

into the ‘narrow’ L sub-group, despite the fact that the obverse L is not as narrow as those

seen on other known coins of this sub-group.

‘narrow’ L’s on other coins

108

‘Serif’ L Group (2 coins)

M 02920 / 2.7 g.

Clearly has ‘rounded’ C’s in the reverse, inner legend and a ‘curvy’ L in FLAND. The L of

LVDOVIC is unclear and may even be ‘serif’ type (placing it in the sub-group of the same

name). This piece is presumably belongs to either the ‘narrow’, ‘curvy’ , or ‘serif’ L group.

M 02967 / 2.7 g.

This coin appears to belong to the ‘serif’ L sub-group.

– fin –

(See Part One for references and acknowledgements.)