study notes | reasoning

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STUDY NOTES FOR SSC AND STATES EXAMS

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PREVIOUS YEAR MARKS DISTRIBUTION TOPIC WISESSC

CLASSIFICATION 4

SERIES 4

MISSING NUMBER 1

DIRECTION 1

DICTIONARY ORDER 1

MATRIX 1

MATHEMATICALOPERATION

1

VENN DIAGRAM 1

BLOOD RELATION 1

MIRROR OR WATER IMAGE

1

PAPER CUTTING OR PAPER FOLDING

1

CODING DECODING 1

CALENDAR 1

ANALOGY 4

LOGICAL ORDER 1

ALPHABETICAL SERIES

1

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CLASSIFICATION 2-4

SERIES 2-3

MISSING NUMBER 1-3

DIRECTION 1

DICTIONARY ORDER 1

MATRIX 1

MATHEMATICALOPERATION

1

VENN DIAGRAM 1

ANALOGY 2-4FIGURE COUNTING

OR EMBEDED1

BLOOD RELATION 1-3

DICE 1

ORDER RANKING 1

SITTING 1

MIRROR OR WATER IMAGE

1

PAPER CUTTING OR PAPER FOLDING

1

CODING DECODING 2

CALENDAR 1LOGICAL ORDER 1

ALPHABETICALSERIES

1

EXPECTED PAPER MARKS DISTRIBUTION TOPIC WISESSC

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IMAGE - IIMIRROR IMAGE

Thefigureobtainedbyputtingamirrorinfrontoftherealfigureisknownasmirror image. The reflection of object into themirror is called its mirror image. It is obtained by inverting an object laterally. Ifwecombinetheoriginalfigureandmirrorimagetogethertheyformasymmetry.Nowlookatthesefigures:

Ifwecombineboth thefigures,wegetanewfigureinshapeoftheheart.

Takeamirrorandplaceitalongtheverticaldotted linerunningthroughthemiddleofthisshape.Youwillseethatthehalffigureon the left togetherwith its image in themirror gives the complete figure of theheart.So,thisheart-shapeissaidtohaveareflectionsymmetryandthereflectiontakesplacealongtheverticallineofsymmetryatthemiddle.

NoteThe letterswhich have the same

mirrorimagesare—

A,H,I,M,O,T,U,V,W,X,Y.

Mirror Images of Small Letters

NoteThe letterswhich have the samemirrorimagesare—

i,l,o,v,w,x.

Mirror images of numbers

Note0and8numbershavethesamemirrorimages.

Different Types of Questions Based on Mirror Images

Thereare two typesof questions,whichareasked,regardingmirrorimages:

Type 1: Letter/Number Images

Here, we are given a single lettercombination of letters/words/numbers.Wehavetofindtheirmirrorimagesoutofgivenalternatives.

Directions (Illustrations1to4)Ineachofthe following questions, youare givenacombinationofalphabetsand/ornumbersfollowedby fouralternatives(A), (B), (C)and(D).Choosethealternativewhichmostcloselyresemblesthemirrorimageofthegivencombination.

Illustration 1 FUN

(A)HUF (B)

(C)NUF (D)NU7

Solution. (B),Ifweputamirrorinfrontoftheword,wegetthefollowingimage

Illustration 2 TRIUMPHS

(A)SHPMUIRT (B)SPHMIURT

(C)STRIUMPH (D)

MIRROR IMAGE AND WATER IMAGE

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Solution. (D),Ifweputamirrorinfrontoftheword,wewillgettheimagelike

Illustrations 3 PAMPER

(A) (B)REPMAP

(C)REPAMP (D)RPAPME

Solution. (A),Ifweputamirrorinfrontoftheword,wewillgettheimagelike

Illustration 4 2345

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Solution. (C),Ifweputamirrorinfrontofthenumber,wewillgettheimagelike

Type 2: Geometrical Images Inthesetypesofquestions,wedealwith

figurestakingdefinedgeometricalshapes.

Directions (Illustrations5to6)Ineachofthefollowingquestions,choosethecorrectmirrorimagefromalternatives(A),(B),(C)and(D)ofthefigure(X).

Illustration 5

(X)(A) (B)(C)(D)

Solution. (D), Here, mirror is takenverticallytorightside.Hence,mirrorimageoffigure(X)willbelike

Illustration 6

(X)(A) (B)(C)(D)

Solution. (B), Here, mirror is takenverticallytorightside.Hence,mirrorimageoffigure(X)willbelike

IMAGE - IIWATER IMAGE

Thereflectionofanobject intothewateriscalleditswaterimage.It is obtained by inverting an objectvertically.

Water Images of Capital Letters

Note The letterswhich have the samewaterimagesare—C,D,E,H,I,K,O,X.

Water Images of Small Letters

Note The letterswhich have the samewaterimagesare—c,1,o,x.

Water Images of Numbers

Note 0,3and8numbershavethesamewaterimages.

Different Types of Questions Based on Water Images

Thereare two typesof questionsbased

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onwater images,whichcanbeasked invariouscompetitiveexaminations:

Type 1 : Letter/Number Images

Herewearegivenacombinationoflettersandhavetofindtheirwaterimages.

Directions (Illustrations1to3)Ineachofthe followingquestions, youare givenacombination of alphabets and/or numbmfollowedby fouralternatives (A), (B), (C)ant (D).Choose thecorrectwater imageoutofgivenfouralternativesineachcase.

Illustration 1 FROG

(A) (B)GORF

(C) (D)

Solution. (A),Thewater imageof givensequencewillbe

Illustration 2 TOP

(A) (B)TOP

(C) (D)

Solution. (A),Thewater imageof givensequencewillbe

Illustrations 3 96FSH52

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Solution. (C),Thewaterimageofthegivensequencewillbe

Type 2: Geometrical Images

In this case,wearegivensomefigures/shapesandwehavetofindcorrespondingwaterimages.

Directions (Illustrations4to5)Ineachofthefollowingquestions,choosethecorrectwaterimageofthefigure(X)fromthegivenfouralternatives(A),(B),(C)and(D).

Illustration 4

(X)(A) (B)(C)(D)

Solution. (A),Thewaterimageofthefigure(X)willbe

Illustration 5

(X)(A) (B)(C)(D)

Solution (A), Thewaterimageofthefigure(X)willbe

MIRROR-IMAGES OF CLOCKS Here are certain questions inwhich the

positionsofthehour-handandtheminute- hand of clock as seen in amirror aregiven.Onthebasisof the time indicatedbythemirrorimageoftheclockwehavetodetecttheactualtimeintheclock,InthesolutionofsuchquestionswehavethefactthatifanobjectAisthemirror-imageofanotherobjectBthenBisthemirrorImageofA.Themethodofsolvingsuchquestionswouldbeclearfromthefollowingexample.

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Illustration : Looking into amirror, theclockshows9:30asthetime.Theactualtimeis

(A)2:30 (B)3:30 (C)4:30 (D)6:30 Inthemirrortheclockappearsas.

Time=9:30

Fig.AThisisthemirrorimageoftheclockshownbelow:

Time=2:30 (Fig.B is obtained by taking themirror

imageoffig.(A)Clearly,thisclockshowsthetime2:30.Therefore,theactualtimeis2:30.Hence,theansweris(A).

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Q.1-25. In each of the following questions four alternatives are givenwhich follow a sordmarked asquessstionsa,b,canddsoonyouhavetoselectonalternativewhichexactlymatcheswiththemirrorimageoftheletter/number/word/figureinquestions.

Q.1. GEOGRAPHY

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.2. INFORMATIONS

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.3. REASONING

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.4. ANS43Q12

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.5. DL9CG4728

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.6. MAGAZINE

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.7. ANS43Q12

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.8. DL9CG4728

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Q.9.

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.10. qutubgarh

(A) (B) (C) (D)

PART - IMIRROR IMAGE

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Q.11.

Q.12.

Q.13.

Q.14.

Q.15.

Q.16.

Q.17.

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Q.18.

Q.19.

Q.20.

Q.21.

Q.22.

Q.23.

Q.24.

Q.25.

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PART - II Water ImageQ.26-50. Ineachofthefollowingquestionsfouralternativesaregivenwhichfollowasordmarkedasquesss-

tionsa,b,canddsoonyouhavetoselectonealternativewhichexactlymatcheswiththewaterimageoftheletter/number/word/figureinquestions.

Q.26. ACOUSTIC

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.27. NUCLEAR

(A) (B) (C) (D) Q.28. QUARREL (A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.29. U4P15B7

(A) (B) (C) (D) Q.30. PQ8AF5BZ9 (A) (B) (C) (D) Q.31. D6Z7F4 (A) (B)

(C) (D) Q.32. BK50RP62 (A) (B) (C) (D) Q.33. RAJ589D8 (A) (B) (C) (D) Q.34. w r o t e (A) (B) (C) (D) Q.35. NhRqSy (A) (B) (C) (D) Q.36.

Q.37.

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Q.38.

Q.39.

Q.40.

Q.41.

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Q.42.

Q.43.

Q.44.

Q.45.

Q.46.

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Q.47.

Q.48.

Q.49.

Q.50.

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MIRROR IMAGEQ.1. (A) Q.2. (C) Q.3. (B) Q.4. (B) Q.5. (C) Q.6. (D) Q.7. (B) Q.8. (C) Q.9. (A) Q.10. (D) Q.11. (C) Q.12. (D) Q.13. (A) Q.14. (D) Q.15. (D) Q.16. (D) Q.17. (C) Q.18. (B) Q.19. (C) Q.20. (A) Q.21. (B) Q.22. (A) Q.23. (D) Q.24. (C) Q.25. (C)

WATER IMAGEQ.26. (B) Q.27. (D) Q.28. (A) Q.29. (C) Q.30. (D) Q.31. (B) Q.32. (B) Q.33. (A) Q.34. (C) Q.35. (D) Q.36. (C) Q.37. (A)Q.38. (D) Q.39. (B) Q.40. (B) Q.41. (C) Q.42. (B) Q.43. (B)Q.44. (D) Q.45. (C) Q.46. (C) Q.47. (C) Q.48. (A) Q.49. (B) Q.50. (B)

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