Introduction to SociologyTopic name: Social Institutions Group members: Zara Shahid, JaweriaNaeem and Laila Ashraf Roll No: 14112454-008, 027 and 030

A social institution consists of a group of people who have come together for a common purpose. These institutions are a part of the social order of society and they govern behavior and expectations of individuals.

Social Institution

1. Family Institution2. Religious Institution3. Education Institution 4. Economic Institutions5. Political Institution

Types of Social Institutions

Group of people Common interest Shared culture Fulfillments of needs

Elements of social Institution

Satisfy social need Embody the attenuate values Relatively permanent Change in one institution is likely to produce in other All are independent Ideas accepted by majority

Characteristics or social institution

Fulfillment of basic needs Reproduction Socialization Transmutation of culture Personality development Solutions of ongoing problem of society

Function of institution

Group of people who are related by marriage, blood, or adoption and who often live together and share economic resources. The family is the most universal social institution, but what constitutes a “family” varies across cultures. Types of family Nuclear family Joint family Extended family

Family

Re-production Maintensense Socialization Protection Providing social control Providing social status

Function of family

DefinitionReligion is a social institution that answers questions and explains the seemingly inexplicable. Religion provides explanations for why things happen and demystifies the ideas of birth and death.  Monotheistic: Religions based on the belief in a single deity are monotheistic. Polytheistic: Those that encompass many deities are polytheistic. Types of religion Christianity Islam

Religion institution

Judaism Hinduism Buddhism Christianity: The most widespread world religion, Christianity

derived from Judaism. It is based on the belief that Jesus Christ was the son of God and the redeemer of mankind.

Islam: Followers of Islam are called Muslims. Muslims believe that the true word of ALLAH was revealed to the prophet Muhammad around 570.

Judaism: Judaism is a monotheistic religion that predates Christianity, built on the belief that they are the “chosen people” of God.

Conti…

Hinduism: Hinduism is the oldest major world religion, dominant in India. Hindus do not worship a single person or deity but rather are guided by a set of ancient cultural beliefs.

Buddhism: like Hinduism, does not feature any single all-powerful deity.

Function of religion Guide social behavior Religion and culture Abstractness social welfare Religion and equity

Conti……….

Definition:Education may be defined as the process whereby the social heritage of a group is passed from one generation to another as well as process whereby the child become socialized i.e. learn the rule of behavior into which he is born

Education Institution

Formal Education Informal Education

Types of Education

Socialization Techniques of learning skills Rational thinking Personal adjustment Family living Patriotism Character Building

Functions of Education

Family and Educational Institution Religion and educational Institution Economy and Educational Institution Political and Educational Institution

Interrelationship of institution

Definition The economy is the institution that provides for the production and distribution of goods and services, which people in every society need.Macrosociology In macrosociology, sociologists analyze large-scale social forces, such as institutions. They identify and analyze the structure of societies. Microsociology the study of social interaction. These sociologists focus on face-to-face interaction, how people act around others.

Economic institution

The two dominant economic systems in the world are capitalism and socialism. Capitalism

Capitalism is a system under which resources and means of production are privately owned, citizens are encouraged to seek profit for themselves, and success or failure of an enterprise is determined by free-market competition.Socialism

Socialism is a system under which resources and means of production are owned by the society as a whole, rights to private property are limited, the good of the whole society is stressed more than individual profit, and the government maintains control of the economy.

Conti……

Definition: Political institutions are organizations which create, enforce, and apply laws; that mediate conflict; make (governmental) policy on the economy and social systems; and otherwise provide representation for the populous.

Functions of eco and politics Satisfaction of specific needs: Abstractness Maintain order More production Personal freedom

Political institution