percursos dos alunos da escola de aprendizes da metalurgia casal
TRANSCRIPT
$WDV�GR�;;�&ROµTXLR�GD�6HF©¥R�
)RUPD©¥R�3URILVVLRQDO
Portuguesa da AFIRSE
,QYHVWLJD©¥R�(GXFDFLRQDO�VREUH WHRULDV��SRO¯WLFDV�H�SU£WLFDV
7¯WXOR�| Titre )RUPD©¥R�3URILVVLRQDO��,QYHVWLJD©¥R�(GXFDFLRQDO�VREUH�WHRULDV��SRO¯WLFDV�H�SU£WLFDV� $WDV�GR�;;�&ROµTXLR�GD�6HF©¥R�
Portuguesa da AFIRSE
2UJDQL]D©¥R | Organisation 0DULD�7HUHVD�(VWUHOD��&£UPHQ�&DYDFR��3DWU¯FLD�5RVDGR�3LQWR��0DULD�-R¥R�&DUGRQD��%HOPLUR�&DEULWR��
)HUQDQGR�$OEXTXHUTXH�&RVWD��-R¥R�3LQKDO��-¼OLD�)HUUHLUD�H�3DWU¯FLD�)LJXHLUHGR�
)LFKD�7«FQLFD�| )LFKH�7«FKQLTXH &RQFH©¥R��FRPSRVL©¥R�H�JUDILVPR
3DWU¯FLD�)LJXHLUHGR
Miriam Cordeiro
ISBN: 978-989-8272-17-1
,QVWLWXWR�GH�(GXFD©¥R�GD�8QLYHUVLGDGH�GH�/LVERD
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 984
Percursos dos alunos da escola de aprendizes da metalurgia casal
Manuel Ferreira Rodrigues [email protected]
Universidade de Aveiro
Resumo 1R�TXDGUR�GDV�WUDQVIRUPD©·HV�YHULILFDGDV�HP�3RUWXJDO��QD�G«FDGD�GH�������QDVFH�HP�$YHLUR�D�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO��XPD�LQRYDGRUD�HPSUHVD�GH�PRWRUHV�H�PRWRUL]DGDV��(P�������R�HPSUHV£ULR�-R¥R�&DVDO�FRQWDFWD��SHOD�SULPHLUD�YH]��FRP�D�=¾QGDSS-:HUNH�*PE+��$�OLJD©¥R�D�HVVD�HPSUHVD�DOHP¥�VHULD�GHFLVLYD�SDUD D�FRQFH©¥R�GD�&DVDO�H�SDUD�D�(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV� TXH� YLULD� D� IXQGDU��(YRFDQGR� D� mVDQJULD� GH� GLYLVDV}�� R�*RYHUQR� DXWRUL]D� D� IXQGD©¥R�GD� HPSUHVD�� FXMD�HVFULWXUD�GH�VRFLHGDGH�GDWD�GH����GH�GH]HPEUR�GH�������7U¬V�DQRV�GHSRLV�WHP�LQ¯FLR�D�SURGX©¥R�GR�SULPHLUR motor Casal. $�H[LVW¬QFLD�GD�(VFROD�,QGXVWULDO�H�&RPHUFLDO�GH�$YHLUR��TXH�QR�DQR�OHWLYR�GH�����-1967 tinha 2116 anos (mais 602 do TXH� R� /LFHX��� IRL� GHFLVLYD� SDUD� D� FULD©¥R� GH� XPD� HPSUHVD� FRPR� HVWD��0XLWRV� WUDEDOKDGRUHV� GD� &DVDO� LQLFLDUDP� RV�estudos ou coQWLQXDUDP� D� IUHTXHQWDU� RV� FXUVRV� QRWXUQRV� GD� (VFROD� ,QGXVWULDO�� &RP� D� FULD©¥R� GH� XPD� (VFROD� GH�$SUHQGL]HV��D�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO�DVVXPH�XPD�SRVL©¥R�SLRQHLUD�QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO�HP�3RUWXJDO��(P�������-R¥R�&DVDO� YLVLWDUD� D� I£EULFD� GH� WRUQRV� GRV� LUP¥RV� 7UDXE�� QD� %DYLHUD�� $OL� S¶GH� YHU� XPD� HVFROD� GH� DSUHQGL]HV� EHP�RUJDQL]DGD� H�� HP� VXD� RSLQL¥R�� mIRL� D¯� TXH� QDVFHX� R� VRQKR� GH� YLU� D� ID]HU� XPD� HVFROD� GH� IRUPD©¥R� HP� 3RUWXJDO}��7DPE«P�SRU� HVVD� UD]¥R�� D�(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV�GD�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO� VHJXH�GH�PXLWR� SHUWR� R�PRGHOR�DOHP¥R��2V�SULPHLURV�SURIHVVRUHV�HUDP�DOHP¥HV��$�&DVDO�DSRLDYD�H�LQFHQWLYDYD�RV�DSUHQGL]HV�GD�VXD�HVFROD�D�IUHTXHQWDU�D�(VFROD�,QGXVWULDO��DSµV�R�KRU£ULR�ODERUDO�� (QWUH�DV�PDLRUHV�GLILFXOGDGHV�FRP�TXH�D�HPSUHVD�VH�GHEDWHX��SDUD�O£�GRV�FXVWRV�GH�WDO� HPSUHHQGLPHQWR��SDUD�O£�GD�DXV¬QFLD�GH�DSRLRV�RILFLDLV�ದ -R¥R�&DVDO�«�SHUHQWµULR��mR�(VWDGR�QXQFD�QRV�GHX�DEVROXWDPHQWH�QDGD}�ದ��SDUD� O£�GD�VD¯GD�GH�PXLWRV�DSUHQGL]HV�SDUD�RXWUDV�HPSUHVDV��FRQWD-se a obrigatoriedade do cumprimento de dois a quatro anos de VHUYL©R�PLOLWDU�QD�*XHUUD�&RORQLDO�� (VWD�SURSRVWD�GH�FRPXQLFD©¥R�HVW£�GLYLGLGD�HP�GXDV�SDUWHV��QD�SULPHLUD��«�KLVWRULDGD�D�IXQGD©¥R�H�IXQFLRQDPHQWR�GD�(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV�GD�&DVDO��3DUD�D� UHDOL]D©¥R�GD�VHJXQGD�SDUWH��HQWUHYLVWHL�XP�Q¼PHUR�VLJQLILFDWLYR�Ge antigos DOXQRV�GHVVD�HVFROD�GH�IRUPD©¥R��SURFXUDQGR�FRQKHFHU�RV�VHXV�SHUFXUVRV�VRFLDLV�H�SURILVVLRQDLV�H�DV�VXDV�RSLQL·HV�VREUH� D� IRUPD©¥R� TXH� WLYHUDP�� WDQWR� QD� (VFROD� ,QGXVWULDO�� FRPR� QD� (VFROD� GH� $SUHQGL]HV� GD� &DVDO�� +RMH�� PXLWRV�desses antigos alunos V¥R�HPSUHV£ULRV�OLJDGRV�¢�PHWDOXUJLD��
Palavras-chave )RUPD©¥R�3URILVVLRQDO��0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO��0RWRUL]DGDV��(VWDGR�1RYR��(QVLQR�,QGXVWULDO�H�&RPHUFLDO
5«VXP« 'DQV�OH�FRQWH[WH�GHV�FKDQJHPHQWV�REVHUY«V�DX�3RUWXJDO�GDQV�OHV�DQQ«HV�������HVW�Q«H�OD�0«WDOOXUJLH�&DVDO�¢�$YHLUR��XQH�HQWUHSULVH�LQQRYDQWH�GH�PRWHXUV�HW�GH�PRWRV��(Q�������OಬHQWUHSUHQHXU�-R¥R�&DVDO�D�FRQWDFW«�OD�VRFL«W«�DOOHPDQGH�=¾QGDSS-:HUNH�� /H� OLHQ� DYHF� FHWWH� VRFL«W«� VHUDLW� G«FLVLI� SRXU� OD� FU«DWLRQ� GH� OಬHQWUHSULVH� &DVDO� HW� GH� VRQ� �FROH�GಬDSSUHQDQWV��(Q�YRXODQW�«YLWHU�OD�m�VRUWLH�GH�GHYLVHV�}��OH�JRXYHUQHPHQW�D�SHUPLV�OD�FU«DWLRQ�GH�OD�VRFL«W«��IRQG«H�OH����'«FHPEUH�������7URLV�DQV�SOXV�WDUG��OD�0«WDOOXUJLH�&DVDO�FRPPHQ©D�OD�SURGXFWLRQ�GHV�SUHPLHUV�PRWHXUV� /ಬH[LVWHQFH�GH�Oಬ�FROH�,QGXVWULHOOH�HW�&RPPHUFLDOH�Gಬ$YHLUR��TXL��¢�OಬDQQ«H�VFRODLUH�����-����DYDLW������«OªYHV������GH�SOXV�TXH�OH�O\F«H���D�«W«�G«FLVLYH�SRXU�OD�FU«DWLRQ�GಬXQH�HQWUHSULVH�GH�FH�JHQUH��'H�QRPEUHX[�WUDYDLOOHXUV�RQW�FRPPHQF«�OHXUV�«WXGHV�RX�RQW�FRQWLQX«�¢�VXLYUH�GHV�FRXUV�LQGXVWULHOV��/D�0«WDOOXUJLH�&DVDO�D�VRXWHQX�HW�HQFRXUDJ«�OHV�DSSUHQDQWV�¢�IU«TXHQWHU�Oಬ(FROH�,QGXVWULHOOH��DSUªV�OH�WUDYDLO�� $YHF�OD�FU«DWLRQ�GಬXQH�«FROH�SRXU�VHV�DSSUHQDQWV��&DVDO�D�MRX«�XQ�U¶OH�GH�SLRQQLHU�GH�OD�IRUPDWLRQ�SURIHVVLRQQHOOH�DX�Portugal. En 1956, Jo¥R�&DVDO�D�YLVLW«�OಬXVLQH�GHV�)UªUHV�7UDXE�HQ�%DYLªUH��/¢��LO�D�SX�YRLU�XQH�«FROH�GಬDSSUHQDQWV�ELHQ�RUJDQLV«H�HW��¢�VRQ�DYLV��m�HVW�Q«�OH�U¬YH�GH�IDLUH�XQH�«FROH�GH�IRUPDWLRQ�SURIHVVLRQQHOOH�DX�3RUWXJDO�}��&ಬHVW�«JDOHPHQW�
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 985
SRXU� FHWWH� UDLVRQ� TXH� Oಬ�FROH� GH� &DVDO� VXLW� GH� SUªV� OH� PRGªOH� DOOHPDQG�� /HV� SUHPLHUV� SURIHVVHXUV� «WDLHQW� DXVVL�DOOHPDQGV��&DVDO�D�HQFRXUDJ«�OHV�DSSUHQDQWV�GಬDOOHU�¢�O(FROH�LQGXVWULHOOH��DSUªV�OHV�KHXUHV�GH�WUDYDLO�� 3DUPL� OHV�SOXV�JUDQGHV�GLIILFXOW«V�TXH�OಬHQWUHSULVH�D�UHQFRQWU«H��DX-GHO¢ GHV�FR½WV�GH�FU«DWLRQ�� OH�PDQTXH�GH�VXSSRUW�officiel ದ -R¥R�&DVDO�HVW�S«UHPSWRLUH��m�Oಬ(WDW�QH�QRXV�D�GRQQ«�DEVROXPHQW�ULHQ�}�ದ au-GHO¢�GH�OD�VRUWLH�GH�QRPEUHX[�DSSUHQWLV�SRXU�GಬDXWUHV�HQWUHSULVHV��HOOH�D�G½�VDWLVIDLUH� OಬH[LJHQFH�GH�SDUWLFLSDWLRQ�GH�VHV�Ruvriers au service militaire dans la guerre coloniale. &HWWH� FRPPXQLFDWLRQ� FRQWLHQW� GHX[� SDUWLHV� �� OD� SUHPLªUH� IDLW� OಬKLVWRLUH� GH� Oಬ«FROH� GಬDSSUHQDQWV�� /D� GHX[LªPH� D� «W«�FRQVWUXLWH� DYHF� OHV� HQWUHWLHQV� TXH� MಬDL� PHQ«V� DXSUªV� GಬDQFLHQV� «OªYHV� GH� FHWWH� «FROH� GH� IRUPDWLRQ�� FKHUFKDQW� ¢�UHQFRQWUHU� OHXUV� SDUFRXUV� SURIHVVLRQQHOV� HW� OHXUV� SRLQWV� GH� YXH� VXU� OHXU� IRUPDWLRQ� ¢� O«FROH� GH� &DVDO� HW� ¢� O«FROH�LQGXVWULHOOH��%HDXFRXS�GH�FHV�YLHX[�DSSUHQDQWV�VRQW�DXMRXUGಬKXL�GHV�HQWUHSUHQHXUV�OL«V�¢�OD�ILOLªUH�GH�OD�P«WDOOXUJLe.
Mots-FO«V )RUPDWLRQ�SURIHVVLRQQHOOH�DX�3RUWXJDO��0«WDOOXUJLH�&DVDO��3DUFRXUV�GHV�DSSUHQDQWV
INTRODUÇÃO 1RV�SULPHLURV�GLDV�GH�������RLWR�DQRV�DSµV�D�SXEOLFD©¥R�GH�XP�SULPHLUR�HVWXGR�VREUH�D�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO�
�5RGULJXHV�� ������� DV� LQVWDOD©·HV� IDEULV� GHVVD HPSUHVD� IRUDP� GHPROLGDV�� 1¥R� REVWDQWH� DV� GLOLJ¬QFLDV� GH� DOJXPDV�
pessoas, nomeadamente do ex-DGPLQLVWUDGRU�-RDTXLP�/DYRV��R�DUTXLYR�GD�HPSUHVD�IRL�GHVWUX¯GR�H�HQWHUUDGR��7HQGR�
VLGR�DOHUWDGR�SDUD�R�SHULJR�TXH�FRUULD�DTXHOH�HVSµOLR��R�$UTXLYR�'LVWULWDO�GH�$Yeiro nada fez para evitar a sua perda
LUUHSDU£YHO�� H� DW«� D�&¤PDUD�0XQLFLSDO� GH�$YHLUR� GHX� LPSRUWDQWH� FRQWULEXWR� WUDQVSRUWDQGR� RV� SDS«LV� SDUD� D� OL[HLUD����
'LIHUHQWH�VRUWH�WHYH�R�DUTXLYR�W«FQLFR��TXH�IRL�VDOYDJXDUGDGR�SRU�LQLFLDWLYD�GH�-RDTXLP�/DYRV�H��SRVWHriormente, doado
¢�8QLYHUVLGDGH�GR�3RUWR��PDV�GLVSHUVRX-VH�D�LPSRUWDQWH�FROH©¥R�GH�P£TXLQDV�H�YH¯FXORV�GH�GXDV�URGDV�TXH�D�HPSUHVD�
SURGX]LX�DR�ORQJR�GH�PHLR�V«FXOR�GH�DWLYLGDGH��-RDTXLP�/DYRV�FRQVHJXLX�VDOYDU��WDPE«P��XP�LPSRUWDQWH�FRQMXQWR�GH�
Y¯GHRV�VREUH WHFQRORJLD�GD�HPSUHVD�TXH�GRRX�UHFHQWHPHQWH�¢�8QLYHUVLGDGH�GH�$YHLUR��
Sem os documentos do arquivo da empresa, este texto apoia-VH�HP�FµSLDV�GRV�GRFXPHQWRV�UHXQLGRV�SDUD�R�
DUWLJR� GH� ������ HP� DOJXQV� GRFXPHQWRV� VROWRV� H[LVWHQWHV� HP� FROH©·HV� SDUWLFXODUHV� H� QRV� WHVWHPXQKRV� RUDLV�� (VW£�
GLYLGLGR� HP� GXDV� SDUWHV�� QD� SULPHLUD�� «� KLVWRULDGD� D� IXQGD©¥R� H� IXQFLRQDPHQWR� GD�(VFROD� GD�0HWDOXUJLD� &DVDO�� QR�
TXDGUR� GD� FULD©¥R� GD� HPSUHVD�� 3DUD� D� UHDOL]D©¥R� GD� VHJXQGD� SDUWH�� HQWUHYLVWHL� GRLV� GRV� H[-alunos e dois antigos
profHVVRUHV� GHVVD� HVFROD� GH� IRUPD©¥R�� SURFXUDQGR� FRQKHFHU� RV� VHXV� SHUFXUVRV� VRFLDLV� H� SURILVVLRQDLV� H� DV� VXDV�
RSLQL·HV�VREUH�D�IRUPD©¥R�TXH�WLYHUDP��WDQWR�QD�(VFROD�,QGXVWULDO��FRPR�QD�m(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV}�ದ GHVLJQD©¥R�SRU�
TXH� HUD� FRQKHFLGD� QD� HPSUHVD�� H� � «� assim, que os seus ex-DOXQRV� D� UHIHUHP� DLQGD� KRMH�� 3XGH� RXYLU�� WDPE«P�� R�
HPSUHV£ULR�-R¥R�&DVDO��KRMH�FRP����DQRV��2V� WHVWHPXQKRV�GLVSRQ¯YHLV�PRVWUDP�TXH�DOJXQV�GHVVHV�DQWLJRV�DOXQRV�
V¥R� HPSUHV£ULRV� OLJDGRV� HVSHFLDOPHQWH� ¢� PHWDOXUJLD�� QRPHDGDPHQWH� ¢� PHWDORPHF¤QLFD� GH� SUHFLV¥R�� IDEULFR� GH�
PROGHV��FDEODJHP�SDUD�D�LQG¼VWULD�DXWRPµYHO��
&URQRORJLFDPHQWH��HVWH�HVWXGR�DEDUFD�D�SULPHLUD�IDVH�GD�IRUPD©¥R�GD�HPSUHVD��HQWUH������H�������$�SDUWLU�
GH�������D�&DVDO�YROWD�D�WHU�XPD�HVFROD�GH�IRUPD©¥R�ದ em 1982, celebra uP�SURWRFROR�FRP�R�0LQLVW«ULR�GH�7UDEDOKR�ದ
TXH�GXUDULD�PDLV�YLQWH�DQRV��DW«�������SRXFRV�PHVHV�DQWHV�GD� OLTXLGD©¥R�GD�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO��HP�PDLR�GH�������$�
DQ£OLVH�GR�TXH�IRL�D�IRUPD©¥R�GHVVD�HVFROD��QRV�¼OWLPRV�YLQWH�DQRV��H[LJH�HVSD©R�TXH�HVWH�WH[WR�Q¥R�Sossui, tanto mais
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 986
TXH�D�QDWXUH]D�GRV�GHVDILRV�H�GRV�SUREOHPDV�TXH�HQIUHQWRX��HQWUH������H�������V¥R�GH�QDWXUH]D�EHP�GLIHUHQWH��PXLWR�
HPERUD�D�SULPHLUD�H[SHUL¬QFLD�GH�IRUPD©¥R�GD�&DVDO�WHQKD�LQIOXHQFLDGR��¢�UHYHOLD�GDV�GLVSRVL©·HV�OHJDLV��DV�SU£WLFDV�
desses anos (Varela, 2013).
'DGR� TXH� DLQGD� Q¥R� IRL� SRVV¯YHO� RXYLU� D� PDLRULD� GRV� H[-alunos, de modo a podermos perceber os seus
trajetos socioprofissionais, este estudo encontra-VH��SRLV��QXPD�IDVH�HPEULRQ£ULD��
O NASCIMENTO DA METALURGIA CASAL Metalurgia Casal QDVFHX�HP�$YHLUR�QXP�WHPSR�GH�FUHVFLPHQWR��QR�TXDGUR�GDV�WUDQVIRUPD©·HV�HFRQµPLFDV�H�
VRFLDLV�YHULILFDGDV�HP�3RUWXJDO�QRV�DQRV�������H�HP�FRQVRQ¤QFLD�FRP�D�HVWUDW«JLD�GR� ,,�3ODQR�GH�)RPHQWR� �����-
�������9ROWDGD�LQLFLDOPHQWH�SDUD�D�VDWLVID©¥R�GDV�QHFHVVLGDGHs do mercaGR�QDFLRQDO��VHUYLQGR�RV�GHV¯JQLRV�GD�SRO¯WLFD�
RILFLDO� GH� VXEVWLWXL©¥R� GDV� LPSRUWD©·HV�� D�0HWDOXUJLD� &DVDO�� /GD�� GLVSXQKD�� ¢� QDVFHQ©D�� QR� ILQDO� GH� ������ GH� ERDV�
FRQGL©·HV� SDUD� YLQJDU�� $� H[SHUL¬QFLD� TXH� R� VHX� IXQGDGRU�� R� HPSUHV£ULR� -R¥R�&DVDO� DGTXLULUD� QR� FRP«UFLR�� GHVGH�
������QRPHDGDPHQWH�QD�HPSUHVD�-��&DVDO��IXQGDGD�HP�������D�OLJD©¥R�FRP�RV�DOHP¥HV�GD�=¾QGDSS-Werke GmbH e
D� FRODERUD©¥R� GH� VHX� LUP¥R� 0DQXHO� H� GH� $P¤QGLR� 6LP·HV� YLriam a revelar-se fatores decisiYRV� SDUD� R� ¬[LWR� GR�
projecto. 'XUDQWH�DQRV��YLVLWDUD�H[SRVL©·HV�H� I£EULFDV�GH�ELFLFOHWDV��PRWRUL]DGDV��DXWRPµYHLV�H�GH�FRPSRQHQWHV��QD�
$OHPDQKD�� ,W£OLD� H� )UDQ©D�� 'H� IDFWR�� -R¥R� &DVDO� DGTXLULUD� XP� SURIXQGR� FRQKHFLPHQWR� GR� PXQGR� FRQGLFLRQDGR� GR�
(VWDGR�1RYR�H�D�FRPSUHHQV¥R�EDVWDQWH�GRV�PHcanismos da economia aberta europeia.
7RGDYLD��PHVPR�DSRVWDQGR�QXP�VHFWRU�QRYR�HQWUH�QµV��FRPR�HUD�R�GRV�WUDQVSRUWHV�PRWRUL]Ddos, o projeto
HQIUHQWRX� LQ¼PHUDV�GLILculdaGHV��3DUD� O£� GD�H[LJXLGDGH�GR�PHUFDGR�� GRV�PXLWRV�REVW£FXORV� WHFQROµJLcos, saliento a
LQH[LVW¬QFLD�GH�P¥R-de-obra qualificaGD�H�R�Q¥R�UHFRQKHFLPHQWR�GD�IRUPD©¥R�PLQLVWUDGD�QD�HVFROD�GD�HPSUHVD��
0DV�D�YRQWDGH�GH�YHQFHU�IH]�PRYHU�PRQWDQKDV��(P����GH�-XQKR�GH�������GRLV�DQRV�H�PHLR�DSµV�D�IXQGD©¥R�
GD�HPSUHVD��TXH�FRPH©DUD�SRU�SURGX]LU�DFHVVµULRV�SDUD�PRWRUL]DGDV�H�ELFLFOHWDV��H�XP�DQR�DSµV�D�DEHUWXUD�GDV�QRYDV�
LQVWDOD©·HV� GH� 7DERHLUD�� QD� IUHJXHVLD� GH� (VJXHLUD�� WLQKD� LQ¯FLR� R� IDEULFR� GR� SULPHLUR� PRWRU� &DVDO�� R� 0����� GH� ���
FHQW¯PHWURV� F¼ELFRV� H� �� YHORFLGDGHV�� HP� ��� GH� QRYHPEUR� GHVVH� PHVPR� DQo, iniciava-VH� D� SURGX©¥R� GR� SULPHLUR�
YH¯FXOR� GH� GXDV� URGDV�� D� VFRRWHU� &DULQD� 6����� HTXLSDGD� FRP� XP�PRWRU� SUµSULR�� R� 0����� $R� ILP� GH�PHLR� DQR� GH�
SURGX©¥R� M£� KDYLDP� VLGR� SURGX]LGRV� �����PRWRUHV� H� ���� VFRRWHUV�� 3RXFR� WHPSR� GHSRLV�� DLQGD� TXH� GH� VLJQLILFDGR�
ecRQµPLFR�UHVLGXDO��D�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO�HVWDYD�D�H[SRUWDU�PRWRUL]DGDV��(P�������DV�LQVWDOD©·HV�GD�HPSUHVD�FREULDP�
XPD�£UHD�FREHUWD�GH������Pt��HP�������HVVD�VXSHUI¯FLH�HOHYDYD-se a 17ௗ����Pt��DLQGD�TXH�HP�FRQWH[WR�H�VLJQLILFDGR�
GLIHUHQWHV���$O«P�GRV�PRWRUHV�H�GDV�PRWRUL]DGDV��D�HPSUHVD�IDEULFD�XP�JUDQGH�Q¼PHUR�GLYHUVDV�P£TXLQDV�DJU¯FRODV�
(atomizadores, sachadores, ceifeiras, semeadores, moto-ERPEDV���(P������� GHFLGH�SURGX]LU� XP�DXWRPµYel, projeto
em que estavam interessadas as francesas Renault e Schoussons, e a italiana Carrozzeria Pininfarina. Depois
gizaram-VH� RX� ODQ©DUDP-VH� QRYRV� HPSUHHQGLPHQWRV�� FRPR� R� GH� XPD� I£EULFD� GH� FDUEXUDGRUHV� H� R� GD� I£EULFD� GH�
motorizadas, em Luanda.
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 987
$�mHVFROD�GH�DSUHQGL]HV}
7HQGR�SRU�PRGHOR�R�HQVLQR�SURILVVLRQDO�GH�DOJXPDV�HPSUHVDV�DOHP¥V�TXH�FRQKHFHUD��-R¥R�&DVDO�FULRX�XPD�
(VFROD� GH� )RUPD©¥R� ದ D� m(VFROD� GH�$SUHQGL]HV}� ದ que constituiu um instrumento fundamental para o sucesso do
projeto e, ainda hoje, o seu maior orgulho (Casal, 2013). Efectivamente, sem qualquer tipo de apoio ou reconhecimento
RILFLDO��D�(VFROD�GD�)£EULFD�YLULD�D�IRUPDU�XP�VLJQLILFDWLYR�Q¼PHUR�GH�W«FQLFRV�GHFLVLYRV�SDUD�D�H[SDQV¥R�GRV�QHJµFLRV��
vindo a tornar-se, anos mais tarde, um importDQWH� IDFWRU�SDUD�D� IL[D©¥R�GH� LQG¼VWULDV�GH�PHWDORPHF¤QLFD�QD� UHJL¥R��
$OJXQV� GRV� W«FQLFRV� IRUPDGRV� QD� 0HWDOXUJLD� &DVDO� YLULDP� D� WRUnar-se industriais inovadores e empreendedores,
especialmente nos ramos em que se formaram.
$�H[LVW¬QFLD�GD�(VFROD�,QGXVWrial e Comercial de Aveiro, que no ano letivo de 1966-1967 tinha 2116 alunos
�PDLV�����GR�TXH�R�/LFHX���IRL�GHFLVLYD�SDUD�D�FULD©¥R�GH�XPD�HPSUHVD�GHVWD�QDWXUH]D�H��GH�FHUWR�PRGR��SDUD�R�¬[LWR�
GD�VXD�HVFROD�GH�IRUPD©¥R��$�&DVDO��TXH�DGRWRX�RV�SURJUDPDV�RILciais e recrutou alguns dos seus mestres da Escola
,QGXVWULDO��H[LJLD�DRV�VHXV�DSUHQGL]HV�D�IUHTX¬QFLD�GR�FXUVR�QRWXUQR�GHVVH�HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR�GH�HQVLQR��&RP�D�FULD©¥R�
GH� XPD� m(VFROD� GH� $SUHQGL]HV}�� D� 0HWDOXUJLD� &DVDO� DVVXPH� XPD� SRVL©¥R� SLRQHLUD� QD� IRUPD©¥R profissional em
Portugal.
(P�������-R¥R�&DVDO�YLVLWDUD�D�I£EULFD�GH�WRUQRV�GRV�LUP¥RV�7UDXE��QD�%DYLHUD��$OL�S¶GH�YHU�XPD�HVFROD�GH�
HPSUHVD��HP�VXD�RSLQL¥R��EHP�RUJDQL]DGD�H�mIRL�D¯�TXH�QDVFHX�R�VRQKR�GH�YLU�D�ID]HU�XPD�HVFROD�GH�IRUPD©¥R�HP�
3RUWXJDO}� �&DVDO���������'HSRLV�GHVVD��H�GD�GD�=¾QGDSS��-R¥R�&DVDO�YLVLWDULD�DOJXPDV�HVFRODV�GH�RXWUDV�HPSUHVDV�
DOHP¥V�� 3RU� HVVD� UD]¥R�� D� VXD� HVFROD� VHJXLULD� GH� PXLWR� SHUWR� R� mPRGHOR� DOHP¥R}�� 1¥R� SRU� DFDVR�� RV� SULPHLURV�
SURIHVVRUHV�HUDP�DOHP¥HV��
O reconhecimento da XUJHQWH�QHFHVVLGDGH�GH�P¥R-de-REUD�FRP� IRUPD©¥R�PXLWR�HVSHF¯ILFD� �PRUPHQWH�QR�
GRP¯QLR�GD�IHUUDPHQWDULD��GLWDUDP�R�HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR�GD�mHVFROD�GH�DSUHQGL]HV}�HP�������(P�DEULO�GHVVH�DQR��-R¥R�GR�
Casal contratou Abel G. Baptista, mestre das oficinas da Escola Industrial e Comercial de Aveiro. De acordo com as
LQGLFD©·HV�TXH�OKH�IRUDP�GDGDV��HVWH�SURIHVVRU�GHX�LQ¯FLR�D�XPD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO�GH�QDWXUH]D�LG¬QWLFD��QR�WRFDQWH�
D�FRQWH¼GRV�SURJUDP£WLFRV��¢�TXH�PLQLVWUDYD�QDTXHOH�HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR�GH�HQVLQR�RILFLDO��&HUFD�GH�XP�P¬V�GHSRLV��R�
UHIHULGR�SURIHVVRU�DEDQGRQD�D�H[SHUL¬QFLD�H�D�HPSUHVD�� LQGLFDQGR��SDUD�R�VXEVWLWXLU�� R� MRYHP�PHVWUH�GH�RILFLQDV�GD�
(VFROD� ,QGXVWULDO�� -RV«�7HL[HLUD� GD�5RFKD�� QDVFLGR�HP�������(VWH�� HQW¥R�DSHQDV�FRP�XP�Y¯QFXOR�FRQWUDWXDO� ¢TXHOH�
eVWDEHOHFLPHQWR� GH� HQVLQR�� DFHLWD� R� FRQYLWH� H� G£� FRQWLQXLGDGH� DR� WUDEDOKR� LQLFLDGR� SHOR� SULPHLUR�� 'LDV� GHSRLV�� «�
FRQWUDWDGR�$QWµQLR�*XDUGDGR�GH�$OPHLGD��(VWH�PHVWUH�WLQKD�R�&XUVR�,QGXVWULDO�GH�6HUUDOKHLUR�0HF¤QLFR�H�IRUD�FRQWUD-
mestre da Escola Industrial e Comercial da Figueira da Foz, entre 1957 e 1965.
3DUD� D� GLUHF©¥R� GD� (VFROD�� D� HPSUHVD� HVFROKH� 5DLQHU� 3HOLNDQ�� QDWXUDO� GH� :DUQVGRUI�� ,QGLFDGR� SHOR�
engenheiro Robert Erich Zipprich, Pelikan veio em 1965 para dirigir a ferramentaria, o setor-chave da empresa. E aqui
VH�PDQWHYH�DW«�������6HJXQGR�LQIRUPD©¥R�GR�DUTXLYR�GD�HPSUHVD�H�WHVWHPXQKR�GH�-R¥R�&DVDO��5DLQHU�3HOLNDQ��FRP�
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 988
ODUJRV�FRQKHFLPHQWRV�GH�HQVLQR�LQGXVWULDO��HVWLYHUD�QD�HVFROD�GH�IRUPD©¥R�GD�=¾QGDSS�DQWHV�GH�WHU�WUDEDOKDGR�QXPD�
HPSUHVD�VX¯©D�GH�P£TXLQas-ferramentas.
$V�DXODV��FRP�XPD�IUHTX¬QFLD�LQLFLDO�GH�GH]�DOXQRV�ದ mais tarde viriam a ter entre 25 e 30 alunos ದ, tiveram
LQ¯FLR�HP�LQVWDOD©·HV�SURYLVµULDV��FRQW¯JXDV�¢�IHUUDPHQWDULD��RQGH�RV�DOXQRV�DSUHQGLDP�H�UHDOL]DYDP�XP�FRQMXQWR�GH�
H[HUF¯FLRV� GH� GHVEDVWH�� DMXVWDPHQWR�� IUHVDJHP�� H� WRUQHDPHQWR�� 1DWXUDOPHQWH�� D� HVFROD� Q¥R� IXQFLRQRX� VHPSUH� QR�
PHVPR�ORFDO��1R�SHU¯RGR�HP�DSUH©R��D�VDOD�GH�IRUPD©¥R�WHµULFD�ILFDYD�SDUHGHV-PHLDV�FRP�D�VDOD�GD�DGPLQLVWUD©¥R��$R�
ODGR��QXP�HVSD©R�LJXDOPHQWH�LQWHJUDGR�QDV�LQVWDOD©·HV�IDEULV��KDYLD�XPD�VDOD-oficina equipada com um determinado
Q¼PHUR�GH�EDQFDGDV�H�WRGR�R�WLSR�GH�P£TXLQDV��IUHVDGRUDV��OLPDGRUHV��HWF����LJXDLV�¢V�GD�I£EULFD��(UDP�P£TXLQDV�TXH�
ainda hoje se vendem (Ferreira e Santos, 2013).
$� UHHVWUXWXUD©¥R� GH� ����� WUD]� DOWHUD©·HV� QR� SODQR� GH� HVWXGRV� GD� IRUPD©¥R�� 2� Q¼PHUR� GH� DOXQRV� H� GH�
GLVFLSOLQDV�FUHVFH��V¥R�FKDPDGRV�GRLV�W«FQLFRV�SDUD�DVVHJXUDUHP�DV�GLVFLSOLQDV�GH�0DWHP£WLFD��7HFQRORJLD�H�)¯VLFD�H�
«�HODERUDGR�R�5HJXODPHQWR�GD�(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV�
O curso de SerraOKHLUR��FRP�IRUPD©¥R�HP�PHF¤QLFD��IUHVD��WRUQHDULD�H�GHVHQKR�W«FQLFR��WLQKD�XPD�GXUD©¥R�
GH� WU¬V� DQRV�� FRP� DXODV� WHµULFDV�� GH� PDQK¥�� H� DXODV� SU£WLFDV�� GH� WDUGH�� 1DV� DXODV� WHµULFDV� HUDP� PLQLVWUDGDV� DV�
GLVFLSOLQDV�GH�0DWHP£WLFD��FRP�XP�SURJUDPD�LG¬QWLFR�DR�GR &XUVR�,QGXVWULDO�RILFLDO���6HUUDOKDULD��7HFQRORJLD�0HF¤QLFD��
7UDWDPHQWRV�7«UPLFRV��&KDSDULD�H�'HVHQKR��3DUD�D�GLVFLSOLQD�GH�3RUWXJX¬V�IRL�FRQWUDWDGR�6DQWRV�9¯WRU��XP�SURIHVVRU�
GR� HQVLQR� SULP£ULR�� (QTXDQWR� VH� DJXDUGDYD� D� DSURYD©¥R� GR� 5HJXODPHQWR� GD� (VFROD� o boletim da empresa ದ o
0RWRQRW¯FLD�ದ DGLDQWDYD��mGHVGH�M£�VH�DQXQFLD�D�LQWURGX©¥R��QRV�UHVSHFWLYRV�SURJUDPDV��GD�GLVFLSOLQD�GH�3RUWXJX¬V��GH�
TXH� WDQWR� QHFHVVLWDP� RV� QRVVRV� UDSD]HV�� Q¥R� Vµ� SRU� XPD� TXHVW¥R� GH� FXOWXUD� JHUDO�� PDV� DW«� SRUTXH� XP� ERP�
conhecimeQWR�GD�O¯QJXD-P¥H�«�XP�DX[LOLDU�SRGHURVR�QD�DSUHQGL]DJHP�H�DTXLVL©¥R�GH�FRQKHFLPHQWRV}��
([LVWLD�WDPE«P�XPD�GLVFLSOLQD�GH�(GXFD©¥R�)¯VLFD��2�UHFRQKHFLPHQWR�GDV�FDU¬QFLDV�DOLPHQWDUHV�GRV�DOXQRV��
DOLDGR�¢V�H[LJ¬QFLDV�I¯VLFDV�GDV�WDUHIDV�SURILVVLRQDLV��DFDERX SRU�LPSRU�D�FULD©¥R�GHVWD�GLVFLSOLQD��TXH�HUD�DVVHJXUDGD�
por um ex-VDUJHQWR�GR�([«UFLWR��$V�DFWLYLGDGHV�GD�JLQ£VWLFD�WLQKDP�LQ¯FLR�¢V���KRUDV�GD�PDQK¥�H�GHFRUULDP�QXPD�VDOD�
�VH�FKRYHVVH���RX�QXP�UHFLQWR�SUµSULR��DR�DU�OLYUH��ORJR�SHOD�PDQK¥��'HSRLV�GR�EDQho, os alunos tomavam o pequeno-
DOPR©R�H�VHJXLDP�SDUD�DV�DXODV�WHµULFDV��DW«�DR�PHLR-dia.
(PERUD�LG¬QWLFDV�¢V�DXODV�WHµULFDV�GD�(VFROD�,QGXVWULDO��DV�DXODV�WHµULFDV�GD�&DVDO�HVWDYDP�PDLV�SUµ[LPDV�
GD�SU£WLFD��m1D�(VFROD�,QGXVWULDO��QµV�DSUHQG¯DPRV�WULJRQRPHWULD��HP�WHUPRV�DEVWUDWRV��QD�(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV��QµV�
DSUHQG¯DPRV�D�WULJRQRPHWULD��PDV�DSOLF£YDPR-OD�D�FDVRV�SU£WLFRV��3RU�RXWUR�ODGR��W¯QKDPRV�PXLWDV�PDLV�DXODV�SU£WLFDV��
W¯QKDPRV�PHOKRUHV�P£TXLQDV�H�KDYLD�PXLWR�PDLV�ULJRU��PDLV�H[LJ¬QFLD�QD�FRPSRQHQWH SU£WLFD}��6DQWRV���������
1DV�DXODV�SU£WLFDV�GR�SULPHLUR�DQR�ದ TXH�HTXLYDOLD�DR���|�DQR�GD�(VFROD�,QGXVWULDO�RILFLDO� �DWXDO���|�DQR�GH�
escolaridade) ದ��RV�DOXQRV�FRPH©DYDP�SRU�DSUHQGHU�D�WUDEDOKDU�R�D©R�FRP�D�OLPD��VHPSUH�QXPD�EDQFDGD�GD�RILFLQD�GD�
IRUPD©¥R�� (VVDV� DSUHQGL]DJHQV� YLVDYDP� IXQGDPHQWDOPHQWH� IRUPDU� DMXVWDGRUHV�� IUHVDGRUHV� H� WRUQHLURV�� LVWR� «�� DV�
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 989
DSUHQGL]DJHQV�LDP��SURJUHVVLYDPHQWH��GR�DMXVWDPHQWR�D�PDTXLQD©·HV�LVRODGDV��)RL�SUHFLVDPHQWH�QD�HVSHFLDOLGDGH�GH�
DMXVWDPHQWR�TXH�XP�DOXQR�JDQKRX�XP�SU«PLR�QXP�FDPSHRQDWR�PXQGLDO��QR�-DS¥R��/DYRV���������
1R�VHJXQGR�DQR��GHSRLV�GR�SHU¯RGR�GD�PDQK¥��D�IRUPD©¥R�SU£WLFD�ID]LD-VH�M£�FRP�P£TXLQDV��2V�DOXQRV�LDP�
HQW¥R�GR�DMXVWDPHQWR�D�PDTXLQD©·HV�PDLV�FRPSOH[DV��DV�P£TXLQDV�&1&� ದ &RQWUROR�1XP«ULFR�&RPSXWRUL]DGR�ದ Vµ�
apareceram depois). Neste segundo ano iniciava-VH�XP� LQWHUF¤PELR�HQWUH�D�DSUHQGL]DJHP�H�D�SUµSULD�H[HFX©¥R�GR�
trabalho (Lavos, 2013).
1R� WHUFHLUR� DQR�� RV�DOXQRV� OLJDYDP��HQW¥R�� WRGRV�HVVHV� FRQKHFLPHQWRV�SDUFLDLV�� DSUHQGLDP�D� MXQW£-los na
SURGX©¥R� GH� FRQMXQWRV� �FDL[DV� GH� YHORFLGDGHV� H� PRWRUHV�� HWF���� $� SURGX©¥R� GD� SH©D� GDYD� OXJDU� ¢� SURGX©¥R� GH�
FRQMXQWRV�� LVWR� «�� mHQTXDQWR� QR� ��|� DQR� ID]¯DPRV� XPD� URGD� GHQWDGD�� QR� ��|� DQR� M£� ID]¯DPRV� XPD� FDL[D� GH�
YHORFLGDGHV}���QJHOR�)HUUHLUD�H[SOLFD�DV�YDQWDJHQV�GHVVH�P«WRGR��mHX�HQWUHL�QD�HVFROD�FRP����DQRV�>HP�����@��VHP�
QXQFD�WHU�YLVWR�XPD�OLPD��2�TXH�«�IDQW£VWLFR�ದ H�HX�Q¥R�YL�LVVR�UHSOLFDGR�HP�ODGR�QHQKXP��HP�3RUWXJDO�ದ «�TXH�QR�ILP�
do curso eu era capaz de fazer uma caixa de velocidades, eu era capaz de interpretar um desenho, etc. Mais tarde, fui
SDUD�D�5HQDXOW��H�QXQFD�VHQWL�TXH�TXDOTXHU�RXWUR�W«FQLFR�VRXEHVVH�PDLV�GR�TXH�HX��%HP�SHOR�FRQWU£ULR��,VWR�«�TXH�«�
IDVFLQDQWH�QD�IRUPD©¥R�GD�&DVDO��QD�HVFROD�TXH�R�6U��-R¥R�&DVDO�PRQWRX��)HUUHLUD���������1¥R�SRU�DFDVR��R�Hxame do
��|�DQR��QRV�SULPHLURV�WHPSRV��FRQVLVWLD�HP�ID]HU�XPD�&DULQD�¢�HVFDOD��
1HVVH�WHUFHLUR�DQR��RV�TXH�WLQKDP�RV�WUDEDOKRV�PDLV�DYDQ©DGRV�FLUFXODYDP�SHORV�OXJDUHV�PDLV�TXDOLILFDGRV�
GD�SURGX©¥R��RX�SHODV�DV�VDODV�GH�GHVHQKR��WDQWR�SHOD�6DOD�GH�0RGHORV��de que era chefe Joaquim Lavos), como pela
6DOD�GH�)HUUDPHQWDV��GLULJLGD�SRU�$QWµQLR�9D]���1¥R�REVWDQWH�D�LPSRUW¤QFLD�DWULEX¯GD�¢�VXD�HVSHFLDOL]D©¥R��IUHVDGRU��
WRUQHDGRU��OLPDGRU��HWF����RV�DOXQRV�FRPSUHHQGLDP�WRGR�R�SURFHVVR�GH�IDEULFR��GD�FRQFH©¥R�DR�SURduto final.
$FUHVFH�TXH��GHVGH�R���|�DQR��DV� IHUUDPHQWDV�GH�FRUWH�SDUD�PDTXLQD©¥R�HUDP�SURGX]LGDV�SRU�FDGD�DOXQR�
�W¬PSHUDV� GH� D©RV� U£SLGRV�� VROGDGXUDV� GH� SDVWLOKD� GH� WXQJVW«QLR� H� RV� UHVSHWLYRV� DILDPHQWRV��� ,VVR� LPSOLFDYD�
FRQKHFLPHQWR�GH�WHFQRORJLDV�SULP£ULDV��D©RV��WUDWDPHQWRV�W«UPLFRV�H�¤QJXORV�GH�FRUWH�
Quando levados a confrontar o ensino nas oficinas da Casal com o das oficinas da Escola Industrial e
Comercial de Aveiro, os ex-alunos salientam que, nesta, o estado das ferramentas era desmazelado. Na Casal, tudo
HUD�FXLGDGR��mKDYLD�XPD�GLVFLSOLQD�GR�SRQWR�GH�YLVWD�GR�ROKDU�SDUD�DV�FRLVDV}��5HVXOWDGR��QD�(VFROD�,QGXVWULDO��Vµ�RV�
PHOKRUHV�«�TXH�ID]LDP�TXDOTXHU�FRLVD��QD�&DVDO��TXDOTXHU�LQGLY¯GXR�DW«�RV�PHQRV�DSWRV�SURJUHGLDP��
Embora muitos desses jovens aSUHQGL]HV� WLYHVVHP� LGR� SDUD� RXWURV� VHFWRUHV� �FRPR� D� IXQGL©¥R� H� D�
VHUUDOKDULD���QRUPDOPHQWH� LDP�SDUD�D� IHUUDPHQWDULD��TXH�HUD�D�VHF©¥R�PDLV�HVSHFLDOL]DGD�GD� I£EULFD��(UD�DOL�TXH�VH�
H[HFXWDYDP� PROGHV�� FRUWDQWHV�� SHTXHQDV� P£TXLQDV�� HTXLSDPHQWR� GLYHUVR� SDUD� VLPSOLILFDU� R� WUDEDOKR�� SH©DV� SDUD�
P£TXLQDV��HWF��$�IRUPD©¥R�SURFHVVDYD-VH�SRU�PµGXORV��OLPDU��DMXVWDU��WRUQHDU��UHWLILFDU��DMXVWDU��VXSHUSROLU��PRQWDU��HWF��
3RUWDQWR��FDGD�XPD�GHVVDV�IDVHV�H[LJLD�D�DTXLVL©¥R�GH�XP�SUHFLVR�FRQMXQWR�GH�FRQKHFLPHQWRV��2�FXUVR�QD�&DVDO�mHUD�
H[WUHPDPHQWH�H[LJHQWH}��3RU�YH]HV��RV�DOXQRV�HUDP�FDVWLJDGRV�ದ mHX�DSDQKHL�PXLWR�FDFKD©R��H�ILTXHL�DOJXPDV�YH]HV�
GH�FDVWLJR��$OJXQV�FDVWLJRV�FRQVLVWLDP��SRU�H[HPSOR��HP�LU�SDUD�D�I£EULFD�WUDEDOKDU�QXPD�P£TXLQD��0DV�KDYLD�RXWURV�
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 990
mais duros, coPR�SHJDU�QXPD�EDUUD�GH�IHUUR�H�WHU�GH�D�VHUUDU�HP����ERFDGRV��(UD�VHUUDU�XP�GLD�LQWHLUR��5D]·HV�GHVVHV�
FDVWLJRV��SHUVLVW¬QFLD�QXP�HUUR�W«FQLFR��FRPR�VHUUDU�DSHQDV�FRP�D�SDUWH�FHQWUDO�GD�IROKD�GD�VHUUD��)HUUHLUD���������
2V�FULW«ULRV�GH�DYDOLD©¥R�GRV�FRQKHFLPHQWRV�DGTXLULGRV�HUDP��DVVLP��GHILQLGRV�SHOR�SHUILO�GD�SURILVV¥R��PXLWR�
embora, como salientam os ex-DOXQRV� RXYLGRV�� D� IRUPD©¥R� Q¥R� VH� FLQJLVVH� ¢V� QHFHVVLGDGHV� GH� XPD� GHWHUPLQDGD�
IXQ©¥R��mD�IRUPD©¥R�HUD�PXLWR�GXUD��TXDVH�PLOLWDU��HUD�XPD�IRUPD©¥R�W«FQLFD��PDV�PXLWR�DEUDQJHQWH}��)HUUHLUD���������
1R�SHU¯RGR�HP�DSUH©R��WHUPLQDYDP�FRP�¬[LWR���-���DOXQRV�SRU�DQR��$�HVFROD�H[FOX¯D�RV�PHQRV�FDSD]HV��LVWR�
«��TXHP�Q¥R� IRVVH�FDSD]�GH�DWLQJLU�XP�GHWHUPLQDGR�REMHWLYR��HUD�H[FOX¯GR��PDV�Q¥R�GHVSHGLGR�� LD�SDUD�D�SURGX©¥R��
$VVLP��DOJXQV�DOXQRV��SRU� IDOWD�GH�TXDOLGDGHV�SDUD�R�GHVHPSHQKR�QDV�GLYHUVDV�HVSHFLDOL]D©·HV��HUDP�FRQYLGDGRV�D�
LQJUHVVDU�QD�SURGX©¥R��HP�SRVWRV�GH�WUDEDOKR�PHQRV�TXDOLILFDGRV��RQGH�VH�WRUQDYDP�H[FHOHQWHV�SURILVVLRQDLV��2V�TXH�
terminavam o curso podiaP� VHU� FKHIHV� GDV� GLYHUVDV� VHF©·HV�� SRGLDP� VHU� W«FQLFRV� GH� SODQHDPHQWR�� SRGLDP� VHU�
SURMHWLVWDV��HWF��'L]�5RJ«ULR�6DQWRV��mWHUPLQHL�R�FXUVR�FRP����DQRV�H�SDVVHL�D�DXIHULU�XP�YHQFLPHQWR�HTXLSDUDGR�DR�GH�
XP�FKHIH�GH�HTXLSD��TXH�HUD�DOJX«P�FRP���-���DQRV}��6DQWos, 2013).
0HVPR�GXUDQWH�R�SHU¯RGR�GH�GLILFXOGDGHV�GH�����-����D�HVFROD� IXQFLRQRX�VHPSUH�H�FUHVFHX�R�Q¼PHUR�GH�
DOXQRV��DLQGD�TXH�VH�WLYHVVH�UHJLVWDGR�XP�DEUDQGDPHQWR�GR�Q¼PHUR�GH�DGPLVV·HV��$�IRUWH�UHGX©¥R�YHULILFDGD�D�SDUWLU�
GH������HVWDU£�UHODFLRQDGD�FRm o facto de muitos alunos da escola irem para outras empresas, como refiro adiante. A
LQWURGX©¥R�GH�LQRYD©·HV�WHFQROµJLFDV��FRPR�D�HOHFWURHURV¥R��LPSXQKDP�D�UHHVWUXWXUD©¥R�GRV�FRQWH¼GRV�PLQLVWUDGRV��
Q¥R�R�ILP�GD�H[SHUL¬QFLD��PDV�RV�HOHYDGRV�FXVWRV�FRP�D�HVFROD�GLYLGLDP�D�GLUHF©¥R�GD�HPSUHVD��$SHVDU�GH�WXGR��IRL�GD�
HVFROD� TXH� D� HPSUHVD� VH� DOLPHQWRX� HP� WHUPRV� W«FQLFRV��0DLV� WDUGH�� IRUDP� RV� DOXQRV� GD�(VFROD� GH� )RUPD©¥R� TXH�
permitiram introduzir o controlo de qualidade.
(QWUDGD�H�VD¯GD�GRV�DSUHQGL]HV�QD�(VFROa da Empresa, 1965-1971
ANOS 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971
ENTRADAS 10 18 8 5 18 23 17 S$�'$6 0 2 2 1 4 10 9
)RQWH��FI��5RGULJXHV��������'H�PHPµULD��5RJ«ULR�6DQWRV�FRQVLGHUD�TXH�HUDP�PDLV�DOXQRV�TXH�RV�GRFXPHQWRV�HVFULWRV�indicam. 'L]�TXH��HP�P«GLD��GHYLDP�HQWUDU�D���-20 por ano.
(QWUH� DV� PDLRUHV� GLILFXOGDGHV� FRP� TXH� VH� GHEDWHX� D� HPSUHVD�� SDUD� O£� GRV� HOHYDGRV� FXVWRV� GR�
empreendimento, conta-VH�D�REULJDWRULHGDGH�GR�FXPSULPHQWR�GH�GRLV��WU¬V�H�DW«�TXDWUR�DQRV�GH�VHUYL©R�PLOLWDU��
MuLWRV�GHVVHV�MRYHQV�UHF«P-TXDOLILFDGRV�HUDP�HPEDUFDGRV�SDUD�FRPEDWHU�HP��IULFD��5RJ«ULR�6DQWRV�HQWURX�
QD�HVFROD�FRP����DQRV��7HUPLQRX�R�FXUVR�FRP����H�DR����HVWDYD�QD�WURSD��6µ�WUDEDOKRX�QD�HPSUHVD�GRLV�DQRV��3DUD�
-R¥R�&DVDO��mHVVH�WDPE«P�IRL�XP�SUREOHPD�WHUU¯YHO�TXH�D�&DVDO�WHYH}��1XP�EDODQ©R�ILQDO��R�HPSUHV£ULR�FRQVLGHUD�TXH�
D�(VFROD� FRQVWLWX¯D� XP� IDUGR�PXLWR� SHVDGR�� mQ¥R� WLU£PRV� JUDQGH�EHQHI¯FLR� GHOD�� SRU� HVWDV� FLUFXQVW¤QFLDV�� D� HVFROD�
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 991
FRPH©RX�D�IXQFLRQDU�HP�������IRUPRX�RV�SULPHLURV�RSHU£ULRV�HP�����-68; entretanto, aqueles jovens atingiam a idade
GR� VHUYL©R�PLOLWDU���� 6µ� SRU� YROWD� GH� ����-��� «� TXH� D� I£EULFD� FRPH©RX� D� REWHU� XPD� FHUWD� FRPSHQVD©¥R� GR� HVIRU©R�
GHVSHQGLGR}��PDV��HQWUHWDQWR��VXUJLUDP�RXWUDV�GLILFXOGDGHV���}��
3DUD�-RDTXLP�/DYRV�D�VD¯GD�GH�XP�JUDQGH�Q¼PHUR�GH�DOXQRV�SDUD�RXWUDV�HPSUHVDV�GD�UHJL¥R�IRL�GLILFXOGDGH�
PDLRU�TXH�D�GD�JXHUUD�FRORQLDO��m$V�SHTXHQDV�I£EULFDV�GH�PHWDORPHF¤QLFD��DTXL�GD�UHJL¥R��HVWDYDP�VHPSUH�¢�HVSHUD�
GR� ILP� GR� DQR� SDUD� LUHP� O£� EXVFDU� RV�PHOKRUHV� DOXQRV�� 4XDVH�PHWDGH� LD� HPERra. Eram eles que asseguravam o
FUHVFLPHQWR� GHVVDV� SHTXHQDV� XQLGDGHV�� (� LDP� HPERUD� RV� PHOKRUHV�� 1D� YHUGDGH�� D� &DVDO� IRUPDYD� P¥R� GH� REUD�
TXDOLILFDGD�SDUD�RXWUDV�HPSUHVDV��R�TXH� WRUQRX�R�SURMHWR� LQVXVWHQW£YHO}��'H� IDFWR��PXLWRV�GRV� W«FQLFRV� IRUPDGRV�QD�
Casal HUDP�SURFXUDGRV�SRU�RXWUDV�HPSUHVDV��Q¥R�REVWDQWH�HVWD�HPSUHVD�SDJDU�PHOKRU�TXH�TXDOTXHU�RXWUD��2V�VDO£ULRV�
GD�&DVDO�DWUD¯DP�WUDEDOKDGRUHV�GH�RXWUDV�HPSUHVDV��
(�FRPR�ROKDYD�R�(VWDGR�HVWD�HVFROD�H�HVWD�VLWXD©¥R"�-R¥R�&DVDO�«�SHUHPSWµULR��mR�(VWDGR�QXQFD�Qos deu
DEVROXWDPHQWH� QDGD}�� 'XUDQWH� DV� YLVLWDV� ¢� HPSUHVD�� RV� UHVSRQV£YHLV� SHOR� UHJLPH� HORJLDYDP� D� LQLFLDWLYD��PDV� Q¥R�
VD¯DP�GDV�SDODYUDV��mTXLVHPRV�WRUQDU�D�HVFROD�RILFLDO��TXHU¯DPRV�TXH�RV�UDSD]HV�GD�QRVVD�HVFROD�VD¯VVHP�FRP�XP�
diploma, mas nunca conseguimos. Era-QRV�GLWR�VHPSUH��ೆYDPRV�YHU��9DPRV�HVWXGDU��)D©DP�XPD�H[SRVL©¥R��,VWR�Q¥R�
VH�HQTXDGUD�QR�VLVWHPD�SRUWXJX¬Vೇ��1XQFD�FRQVHJXLPRV�QDGD}��
0HVPR� DVVLP�� D� &DVDO� WXGR� ID]LD� SDUD� GLYXOJDU� D� QDWXUH]D� GR� VHX� SURMHFWR� GH� IRUPD©¥R� SURILVVLRQDO�� $�
imprensa reJLRQDO�H�R�EROHWLP�GD� I£EULFD�GLYXOJDP�DV�FHULPµQLDV�GH�mHQWUHJD�GH�SU«PLRV�H�GLSORPDV�DRV�DOXQRV�GD�
(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV}�SDUD�DV�TXDLV�HUDP�FRQYLGDGRV�GLYHUVRV�UHSUHVHQWDQWHV�GR�SRGHU�ORFDO�H�FHQWUDO�
(P�PHDGRV�GH�������D�SDU�GD�m(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV}��D HPSUHVD�YDL�HODERUDU�XP�SURJUDPD�GH�IRUPD©¥R�
GRV�VHXV�WUDEDOKDGRUHV��(UDP�VHOHFFLRQDGRV�WRGRV�RV�RSHU£ULRV�FRP�LGDGHV�FRPSUHHQGLGDV�HQWUH�RV����H�RV����DQRV��
FRP�D���l�FODVVH�H�R�VHUYL©R�PLOLWDU�FXPSULGR��+DYLD�XP�FXUVR�JHUDO�FRP�IRUPD©¥R�SRU�SURILVV·HV��Entre estes, eram
VHOHFFLRQDGRV����D����RSHU£ULRV�SDUD�IUHTXHQWDUHP�XP�FXUVR�GH�IRUPD©¥R��D�Q¯YHO�GH�HQFDUUHJDGR��
'HVGH�HVVH�DQR��R�0RWRQRW¯FLD�YDL�SXEOLFDQGR�DOJXQV�DUWLJRV�TXH�WHVWHPXQKDP�D�SUHRFXSD©¥R�GD�HPSUHVD�
FRP�D�IRUPD©¥R�GRV�VHXV�UHFXUVRV�KXPDQRV��GRV�WUDEDOKDGRUHV�Q¥R�GLIHUHQFLDGRV�DRV�TXDGURV�P«GLRV�H�VXSHULRUHV��
VXERUGLQDGD�¢�LGHLD�GH�TXH�mR�FDSLWDO�KXPDQR�«�D�SULQFLSDO�UD]¥R�GR�GHVHQYROYLPHQWR�H�GR�SURJUHVVR�GRV�SRYRV�FRPR�
GDV�HPSUHVDV}��
$�)RUPD©¥R�«�DSUHVHQWDGD� FRPR�XPD�mQHFHVVLGDGH�SUHPHQWH das empresas que pretendam tornar mais
UHQW£YHO� D� XWLOL]D©¥R� GH� P£TXLQDV�� DXPHQWDU� D� FDSDFLGDGH� GH� SURGX]LU�� WRUQDQGR� R� WUDEDOKR� PDLV� U£SLGR� H� PHQRV�
IDWLJDQWH��)RL�FRP�HVWH�HVS¯ULWR�TXH�D�$GPLQLVWUD©¥R�GD�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO�FULRX��UHFHQWHPHQWH��XP�VHUYL©R�GH�)RUPD©¥R�
QD�(PSUHVD��2�REMHFWLYR�SUµ[LPR�GD�$GPLQLVWUD©¥R�«�SURPRYHU�XPD�&DPSDQKD�GH�)RUPD©¥R�GH�(QFDUUHJDGRV��TXH�
FRPH©DU£� EUHYHPHQWH}�� 1R� ILQDO� GH� ������ IRUDP� UHDOL]DGDV� DV� SURYDV� GH� VHOHF©¥R� GRV� WUDEDOKDGRUHV� TXH� LULDP�
frequentar o Curso de EncarregadRV��'RV�����RSHU£ULRV�FRQYRFDGRV�� IRUDP�VHOHFFLRQDGRV�����SDUD�D� IUHTX¬QFLD�GD�
primeira fase do curso; dessa fase transitariam para a segunda apenas 20. O curso contemplava, portanto, duas
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 992
GLPHQV·HV��XPD�IRUPD©¥R�E£VLFD��TXH�YHUVDYD�FRQKHFLPHQWRV�GH�DULWP«WLFD��JHRPHWULD��I¯VLFD�H�PHF¤QLFD��H�XPD�RXWUD�
GH� DSHUIHL©RDPHQWR� WHFQROµJLFR�� TXH� YLVDYD� D� DSUHQGL]DJHP� GH� QR©·HV� UHODFLRQDGDV� FRP� D� WHFQRORJLD� XWLOL]DGD� QD�
HPSUHVD�� WUDWDPHQWRV� W«UPLFRV�� IXQGL©¥R� LQMHFWDGD�� FXQKRV� H� FRUWDQWHV�� VROGDGXUD�� JDOYDQRSODVWLD� H� RUJDQL]D©¥R��2�
SULPHLUR�GHFRUULD�QXPD�VDOD�GD�HPSUHVD��R�VHJXQGR�GHFRUULD�QDV�GLYHUVDV�VHF©·HV��6HJXQGR�&DQDYHLUD�5XVVR��VHX�
orientador, com o curso pretendia-VH�mIRUPDU�QRYRV�HQFDUUHJDGRV�FDSD]HV�GH�UHVSRQGHU�¢V�H[LJ¬QFLDV� LPHGLDWDV�GD�
empresa, no sectoU�GD�SURGX©¥R}��ERQV�FRQKHFHGRUHV�GR�VHX�RI¯FLR��PDV�WDPE«P�H[FHOHQWHV�RUJDQL]DGRUHV��FDSD]HV�
GH� mGHVHQYROYHU� R� HVS¯ULWR� GH� HTXLSD}�� 2V� QRYRV� HQFDUUHJDGRV� VXEOLQKDYDP� D� LPSRUW¤QFLD� GR� QRYR� PRGHOR� GH�
DSUHQGL]DJHP�� FRQWU£ULR� DR� GRV� WHPSRV� mHP� TXH� R� DSUHQGL]� ID]LD� D� VXD� IRUPD©¥R� MXQWR� GR� RILFLDO}�� VDOLHQWDQGR�� D�
0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO��mQD�VXD�¤QVLD�GH�H[SDQV¥R�H�SURJUHVVR��UHFRQKHFHX�K£�PXLWR�D�QHFHVVLGDGH�LPSHULRVD�GH�VH�URGHDU�
GH�W«FQLFRV�H�TXDGURV�¢�DOWXUD�GDV�QHFHVVLGDGHV�KRGLHUQDV��Q¥R�VH�FRLELQGR�GH�LQYHVWLU�D�ORQJR�SUD]R�QD�SUHSDUD©¥R�
GRV�VHXV�FRODERUDGRUHV��GH�TXH�D�VXD�HVFROD�GH�DSUHQGL]HV�«�H[HPSOR�IODJUDQWH}��
$�SDU� GHVWDV�DF©·HV�GH� IRUPD©¥R� �H�GH�RXWUDV�� FRPR�DV�TXH�HUDP�GLUHFLRQDGDV�D� UHYHQGHGRUHV�� K£�TXH�
UHIHULU� DLQGD� D� SUHVHQ©D� GH� Y£ULRV� W«FQLFRV� HP� VHPLQ£ULRV� H� FXUVRV� LQWHQVLYRV� HP� ORFDLV� Y£ULRV�� D� H[SHQVDV� GD�
empresa.
'HSRLV�GH�������VHULD�FKDPDGR�XP�RXWUR�W«FQLFR�DOHP¥R�SDUD�D�UHHVWUXWXUD©¥R�H�UHIXQGD©¥R�GD�m(VFROD�GH�
$SUHQGL]HV}�� HP� ��� GH� VHWHPEUR� GH� ������ $WHQGHQGR� ¢� VXD� HVSHFLDOL]D©¥R� H� DR� VHX� HOHYDGR� ¯QGLFH� WHFQROµJLFR��
GHVHMDQGR�IRUPDU�XPD�ೆJHUD©¥R�QRYDೇ�GH�WUDEDOKDGRUHV�HVSHFLDOL]DGRV��D�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO�UHTXHUHX�D�FRODERUD©¥R�GR�
0LQLVW«ULR�GR�7UDEDOKR��$VVLP��GHSRLV�GR�DX[¯OLR� ILQDQFHLUR�H�GD�FRODERUD©¥R�QD� IRUPD©¥R�GH�PRQLWRUHV�TXH� M£�KDYLD�
GDGR��HP�������D�6HFUHWDULD�GH�(VWDGR�GR�(PSUHJR��IRL�DVVLQDGR��HP����GH�MXOKR�GH�������XP�DFRUGR�GH�FRRSHUD©¥R�
HQWUH�D�&DVDO�H�R�0LQLVW«ULR�GR�7UDEDOKR�H�6HJXUDQ©D�6RFLDO��GH�XP�ODGR��H�R�GD�(GXFD©¥R��GR�RXWUR��DQWHV��SRLV��GD�
SXEOLFD©¥R�GR�'HFUHWR-Lei n.|���������GH����GH�0DU©R��'5��,�V«ULH��Q�|�����SS������-1076), que estabelece a disciplina
MXU¯GLFD�GD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO�LQLFLDO�GH�MRvens em regime de aprendizagem.
PERCURSOS DOS ALUNOS $�VD¯GD�GH�PXLWRV�W«FQLFRV�IRUPDGRV�QD�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO�YHULILFRu-VH��FRPR�GLVVH��GHVGH�R�LQ¯FLR��7RGDYLD��
HVVH� IHQµPHQR� IRL�PDLV� DFHQWXDGR�� SULPHLUR�� HQWUH� RV� ILQDLV� GRV�DQRV� ����� H� R� LQ¯FLR� GR� GHF«QLR� VHJXLQWH�� FRP� R�
HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR� GD� 5HQDXOW�� HP� &DFLD�� H�� PDLV� WDUGH�� QRV� ¼OWLPRV� DQRV� GH� H[LVW¬QFLD� GD� &DVDO�� 3RGHPRV dizer,
VXPDULDPHQWH�� TXH� DOJXQV� GHVVHV� W«FQLFRV�� DSµV� XPD� H[SHUL¬QFLD� QXPD� RX� QRXWUD� HPSUHVD�� HP� 3RUWXJDO� RX� QR�
HVWUDQJHLUR�� IXQGDUDP� DV� VXDV� SUµSULDV� HPSUHVDV�� DILUPDQGR-se no mercado global com produtos inovadores e de
grande qualidade. Mas se uns poucoV�VH�WRUQDUDP�HPSUHV£ULRV��RV�GHPDLV�GHVHQYROYHUDP�XPD�DWLYLGDGH�GH�UHOHYR�HP�
GLYHUVDV� HPSUHVDV�� QRPHDGDPHQWH� QDV� TXH� RV� VHXV� FROHJDV� IXQGDUDP�� DVVHJXUDQGR� IXQ©·HV� W«FQLFDV� H�
DGPLQLVWUDWLYDV� GH� WRSR��2XWURV� DLQGD�� LJXDOPHQWH� DOXQRV� �H�PHVWUHV�� GD� m(VFROD� GH�$SUHQGL]HV}�� YLULDP� D� DVVXPLU�
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 993
UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHV�HP�DOJXPDV� LQVWLWXL©·HV��9HMDPRV� VXFLQWDPHQWH�DOJXQV�H[HPSORV�DSHQDV�� SRLV� D� UHOD©¥R�GRV�H[-
DOXQRV�URQGD�M£�D�PHLD�FHQWHQD�
5RJ«ULR�6DQWRV�VDLX�GD�&DVDO��HP�MDQHLUR�GH�������DOLFLDGR�SHOD�HPEDL[DGD�GR�&DQDG£��)RL�WUDEDOKDU�QHVWH�
SD¯V��7LQKD����DQRV��1¥R� IRL�R�¼QLFR��$QWµQLR�2OLYHLUD�H�$OPLUR�)RQVHFD�WDPE«P�IRUDP�SDUD�R�&DQDG£�SHOR�PHVPR�
SURFHVVR� �$OPLUR� )RQVHFD� Q¥R� IRL� DOXQR� GD� HVFROD�� WUDEDOKRX� QD� IHUUDPHQWDULD� GD� &DVDO��� 2� SULPHLUR� IXQGRX� D� $OI-
Moulds, Inc. e o segundo a Euro-0RXOG��,QF��1R�&DQDG£��WDPE«P��IXQGRX�$UP«QLR�7HL[HLUD�GR�$PDUDO�D�'LH-Tech. Inc.
/X¯V�5HLV��RXWUR�HPLJUDGR�QHVWH�SD¯V��UHJUHVVDULD�SDUD�IXQGDU�XPD�HPSUHVD�RXWUD�QD�£UHD��GRV�PROGHV��
1RV�(VWDGRV�8QLGRV� GD�$P«ULFD� IL[DUDP-se outros ex-DOXQRV� GD�&DVDO�� 5RJ«ULR�6DQWRV� UHIHUH� WU¬V� RXWUDV�
HPSUHVDV� IXQGDGDV� QRV� (VWDGRV� 8QLGRV� GD� $P«ULFD�� GHVWDFDQGR� $QWµQLR� 3DXOD� 1HWR� TXH� IXQGRX� D�0LQL� 3UHFLVLRQ�
'HYLFHV�� ,QF���HP�1HZ�(OLVDEHWK��FRQWDQGR�D�1$6$�H�D�6LHPHQV�HQWUH�RV�VHXV�FOLHQWHV��1XP�EDODQ©R�Ge conjunto,
5RJ«ULR�6DQWRV�DILUPD��mQ¥R�V¥R�JUDQGHV�HPSUHVDV��V¥R�«�HPSUHVDV�GH�JUDQGH�TXDOLGDGH}��
�QJHOR� )HUUHLUD� VDLX� GD� &DVDO� GLUHWDPHQWH� SDUD� D� 5HQDXOW�� HP� ����� ದ tinha apenas 24 anos ದ, tendo
DVVXPLGR�XP�SRVWR�GH�FKHILD��HUD�R�FKHIH�GD�FRQVHUYD©¥R��m,VVR�Vµ�IRL�SRVV¯YHO�JUD©DV�¢�IRUPD©¥R�TXH�WLQKD}��VDOLHQWD�
5RJ«ULR�6DQWRV��WDPE«P�FRQYLGDGR�D�LQJUHVVDU�QD�5HQDXOW�SRXFR�WHPSR�GHSRLV�ದ foi chefiar o Setor de Afiamentos ದ,
Q¥R�PDLV�YROWDQGR�DR�&DQDG£��(VWHV�GRLV�W«FQLFRV�YLULDP�D�IXQGDU�D�35(7(&��HP�������mFUL£PRV�D�SULPHLUD�HPSUHVD�
GH�PHF¤QLFD� GH� SUHFLV¥R� GH� $YHLUR}� �6DQWRV�� �������0DLV� WDUGH�� HQYROYHUDP-VH� QD� IXQGD©¥R� GH� RXWUDV� HPSUHVDV��
mostrando saber adaptar-VH� ¢V� H[LJ¬QFLDV� GR� PHUFDGR� JOREDO�� FRPR� DFRQWHFH� FRP� D� 3-)� 0HJD� 'LHV�� /GD�� H� D�
Riamolde-Engenharia e Sistemas, SA, em Cacia.
1¥R�SRGHQGR�GDU�FRQWD�GR�SHUFXUVR�LQGLYLGXDO�GH�WRGRV�RV�W«FQLFRV�TXH�IXQGDUDP�HPSUHVDV�RX�DVVHJXUDP�D�
GLUH©¥R�W«FQLFD�GH�RXWUDV��FRPR�D�5HQDXOW�H�D�9XOFDQR��DW«�SRUTXH�«�LQFRPSOHWD�D�LQIRUPD©¥R�GH�TXH�GLVSRQKR�VREUH�D�
maLRULD��LQGLFR�R�QRPH�GH�9DOGHPDU�&RXWLQKR��SURIHVVRU�GD�m(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV}��HPSUHV£ULR��9DODUW�ದ 0HWDO¼UJLFD�
Central do Vouga, Lda., na Branca, Albergaria-a-1RYD��H�DWXDOPHQWH�GLUHWRU�GD�$VVRFLD©¥R�,QGXVWULDO�GH�$YHLUR��$,'$���
Questionado sobre as raz·HV�GH�Q¥R� WHU� IXQGDGR�XPD�HVFROD�GD�PHVPD�QDWXUH]D���QJHOR�)HUUHLUD�GL]�GR�
VRQKR�GH�IXQGDU�XPD�HVFROD�FRPR�D�GD�0HWDOXUJLD�&DVDO��DGDSWDGD�DRV�GLDV�GH�KRMH��mVµ�Q¥R�D�IL]�SRUTXH�QXQFD�WLYH�
XPD� HPSUHVD� FRP� GLPHQV¥R� SDUD� LVVR� >ಹ@�� 3RU� RXWUR� ODGR�� QXQFD� FRQVeguimos criar uma rede de empresas que
SHUPLWLVVH�GDU�FRUSR�D�XPD�HVFROD�GHVVD�QDWXUH]D��XPD�HVFROD�TXH�WDPE«P�SHUPLWLVVH�DSURYHLWDU�R�TXH�VDEHPRV��R�
conhecimento que adquirimos ao longo GH�XPD�YLGD}��)HUUHLUD��������
EM JEITO DE CONCLUSÃO $SHVDU�GR�Q¼PHUR�UHGX]LGR�GH�WHVWHPXQKRV�M£�JUDYDGRV��«�SRVV¯YHO�DILUPDU�TXH�R�QRPH�GR�HPSUHV£ULR�-R¥R�
&DVDO�«�KRMH�XPD�UHIHU¬QFLD�SDWULPRQLDO�LPSRUWDQWH�SDUD�D�LQG¼VWULD�SRUWXJXHVD�H�SDUD�D�UHgi¥R�GH�$YHLUR��3DUD�O£�GR�
fabrico de motoUHV�H�YH¯FXORV�GH�GXDV�URGDV�GD�PDUFD�&DVDO��D�m(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HV}�«�R�W¯WXlo maior da sua obra
LQGXVWULDO�� �� H[WUDRUGLQ£ULR� YHULILFDU� D� HPR©¥R� TXH� HVWHV� HPSUHV£ULRV� PRVWUDP� VHQWLU� TXDQGR� IDODP� GD� VXD�
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 994
DSUHQGL]DJHP�QDTXHOD�HVFROD��5RJ«ULR�6DQWRV�GL]-VH�mHWHUQDPHQWH�JUDWR�DR�6U��-R¥R�&DVDO�SHOD�YLV¥R�TXH�WHYH��DR�
ID]HU�XPD�HVFROD�FRPR�DTXHOD�QXPD�]RQD�DJU¯FROD}���QJHOR�)HUUHLUD�FKHJRX�D�GHVDEDIDU�QR�0LQLVW«ULR�GD�(FRQRPLD��
m(X�GHYLD�SDJDU�RV�PHXV�LPSRVWRV�DR�6U��-R¥R�&DVDO��Q¥R�D�YRF¬V�}��
2�TXH�«�TXH�D�(VFROD�GD�&DVDO�WLQKD�PHOKRU"�m2 que tinha melhor era a seriedade. E a simplicidade. Aquilo
HUD� VLPSOHV�� PDV� PXLWR� V«ULR�� 7RUQ£YDPRV� FRLVDV� VLPSOHV� HP� UHDOLGDGHV}�� 1¥R� IRL� SRU� DFDVR� TXH� D� 5HQDXOW� IRL�
LQVWDODGD�HP�$YHLUR��HP�������m2�VXFHVVR�GD�5HQDXOW��HP�ERD�PHGLGD��GHYH-VH�¢�HVFROD�GD�&DVDO}��6DQWRV���������
Outro aspeto a salientar reside no facto de a Casal ter uma estrutura empresarial moderna. A empresa tinha
WHFQRORJLD�GDV�PDLV�HYROX¯GDV�QD�«SRFD��'HVWH�PRGR��SRGHPRV�GL]HU�TXH�D�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO�Q¥R�GHSHQGH�DSHQDV�
dos planos de estudos, dos professores ದ QHVWH�FDVR��DOJXQV�GRV�SURIHVVRUHV�HUDP� WDPE«P�SURIHVVRUHV�QD�(VFROD�
Industrial e Comercial de Aveiro ದ, dos equipamentos, mas depende, fundamentalmente, da natureza da empresa onde
HVVDV�DSUHQGL]DJHQV�V¥R�IHLWDV��(VWH�FRQVWLWXL��SRUYHQWXUD��XP�GRV�SUREOHPDV�FRP�TXH�VH�EDWH�D�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO�
GHVWD�QDWXUH]D��SRLV�R�Q¼PHUR�GH�HPSUHVDV�GH�WRSR�«�UHGX]LGR��RX�Q¥R�W¬P�GLPHQV¥R�LQGLYLGXDO�SDUD�XP�ODQ©DUHP�XP�
projeto desta natureza.
2�IDFWR�GH�HVWHV�W«FQLFRV�WHUHP�DGTXLULGR�XPD�HVSHFLDOL]D©¥R�H�XP�FRQKHFLPHQWR�SURIXQGR�GRV�SURFHVVRV�
GH�IDEULFR��QR�FRQMXQWR��IRL�GHFLVLYR�SDUD�D�RS©¥R�GH�VHUHP�HPSUHV£ULRV��7LYHVVHP�VLGR�DSHQDV�HVSHFLDOLVWDV�QXPD�GDV�
WDUHIDV� H� FHUWDPHQWH� Q¥R� VH� WHULDP� DYHQWXUDGR� D� IXQGDU� XPD� HPSUHVD�� 5RJ«ULR� 6DQWRV� YLX�� QR� &DQDG£�� W«FQLFRV�
DOWDPHQWH�HVSHFLDOL]DGRV�HP�DOJXPDV� WDUHIDV��PDV�TXH�GHVFRQKHFLDP�FRPSOHWDPHQWH�RV�SURFHGLPHQWRV� W«FQLFRV�H�
LQGXVWULDLV�� D�PRQWDQWH� RX� D� MXVDQWH��1D�35(7(&�� HOH� H��QJHOR� )HUUHLUD� FRPH©DUDP� SRU� ID]HU�PHWDORPHF¤QLFD� GH�
SUHFLV¥R�� $� VHguir, voltaram-VH� SDUD� RV�PROGHV� GH� LQMH©¥R� H�� DOJXP� WHPSR� GHSRLV�� HVWDYDP� D� SURGX]LU� PROGHV� GH�
LQMH©¥R�GH�DOXP¯QLR��0DLV� WDUGH��HQYROYHUDP-VH�QD� LQG¼VWULD� GH�FDEODJHP��GHVHQYROYHQGR�DV�SUµSULDV�P£TXLQDV�� QD�
HOHWUµQLFD��QD�FRPSXWD©¥R��m7XGR� LVWR��JUD©DV�¢� IRUPD©¥R�DEUDQJHQWH��SROLYDOHQWH��H� ULJRURVD��FRP�PXLWD�TXDOLGDGH��
TXH�REWLYHPRV�QD�ೆ(VFROD�GH�$SUHQGL]HVೇ�GD�&DVDO}
REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS %HUQDUGHV��$OGD���������3RO¯WLFDV�H�SU£WLFDV�GH�IRUPD©¥R�HP�JUDQGHV�HPSUHVDV��6LWXD©¥R�DFWXDO�H�SHUVSHFWLYDV�IXturas.
6¯VLIR��5HYLVWD�GH�&L¬QFLDV�GD�(GXFD©¥R�������-70. Retrieved from
http://sisifo.fpce.ul.pt/pdfs/Sisifo6_D5_aldabernardes.pdf
&DUGLP��-RV«�&DVTXHLUR���������'R�HQVLQR�LQGXVWULDO�¢ IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��DV�SRO¯WLFDV�S¼EOLFDV�GH�TXDOLILFD©¥R�HP�
PortXJDO��/LVERD��,QVWLWXWR�6XSHULRU�GH�&L¬QFLDV�6RFLDLV�H�3RO¯WLFDV��
Rodrigues, Manuel Ferreira (1994). A Metalurgia Casal, 1964-������(OHPHQWRV�SDUD�XPD�FXOWXUD�GH�HPSUHVD��*HVW¥R�H�
Desenvolvimento, 3, 103-151. Retrieved from
http://www4.crb.ucp.pt/biblioteca/gestaodesenv/GD3/gestaodesenvolvimento3_103.pdf
IV. Atores envolvidos QD�IRUPD©¥R�SURILVVLRQDO��WUDMHWµULDV��PRWLYD©·HV��IRUPD©¥R�H�LGHQWLGDGH�| $FWHXUV�LPSOLTX«V�GDQV�
la formation professionnelle ; les trajectoires ; motivations, formDWLRQ�HW�LGHQWLW«
AFIRSE/AIPELF2013 995
INFORMAÇÃO DA INTERNET )LJXHLUD����������(QWUHYLVWD�FRP�-R¥R�&DVDO��5HWULHYHG�IURP�
http://www.motorizadas50.com/testes%20entrevista%20joao%20casal.htm
0LQLVW«ULRV�GD�(GXFD©¥R�H�GR�7UDEDOKR�H�6HJXUDQ©D�6RFLal (1984). Decreto-/HL�Q�|���������GH����GH�PDU©R��5HWULHYHG�
from http://www.dre.pt/pdf1s/1984/03/07500/10691076.pdf
PJF Mega Dies, Lda. (http://www.pjf.pt/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=29&Itemid=3).
Riamolde-Engenharia e Sistemas, SA (http://www.riamolde.com/site/index.php/pt/).