internship repor2
TRANSCRIPT
INTERNSHIP REPORT
ON PACKAGES LIMITED
DESIGNING PRINTING AND PACKAGING
Shahrah-E-Roomi,P.O, Amer Sidhu, LahoreCantt.
Tel:04235811541
A Report submitted in partial fulfillmentof the Requirement of the Degree of Masterof Technology Education (M.T.E) of theDepartment of Technology Education.
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB
LAHORE
AUGUST, 2014
DEDICATION
I am very delightful to dedicate my
efforts to my Dearest Parents,
Respectable Teachers
And
My Friends
Mr. Rizwan Aslam
Mr. Ali Hassan
Accepted by the Faculty of Technology Education, Institute
of Education and
Research, University of the Punjab in partial fulfillment of
the requirement of
M.T.E degree.
Chairperson ______________
Adviser ______________
External examiner ______________
PREFACE
Institute of Education and Research University of the Punjab Lahore has been an institution of honor and discipline. It has always created a lot of potential in the students for studying and improving their skills for dealing in the practical life.
Getting a chance of working in the Packages Ltd proved very beneficial for me. I think that I gained comprehensive insight into the working of industry. But nothing could have been
possible without the help of God and cooperation and guidance of Packages Ltd.
After the completion of internship program, internship report hasbeen prepared just in accordance with the practical exposure. It has been an endeavor to stipulate my experience in a way that thereader may clearly understand the core concepts.
This report consists of four chapters. Chapter one include about the introduction and its various departments, 2nd chapter comprises about production, 3rd chapter include internship activities performed by the internee and chapter four consists overall summary and recommendation for organization and department of technology education.
At the end of this remarkable session I would like to thanks all of them who encouraged me a lot during my study course.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All thanks are due only to almighty ALLAH, the most gracious, andthe most merciful who enabled me to complete this job.
Great people always guide cooperate and lead. By their generousnature they cultivate the mind and sow the seed. As young inexperienced I was in dire need of guidance. Benevolent MissTehseen Mehmood Aslam Chairperson Department of TechnologyEducation has provided me liberally guidance at every step and inevery hour of need.
I feel very much honored to my supervisor Sir Abir Naqvi sahib.Without his tremendous guidance and help this would have been adifficult project to do. He himself is very cooperative, kind andpolite. It is due to him that I gained knowledge and practicalexperience for developing such a difficult challenging report. Ihave tried my best to compile the same in my report which Iobserved and learnt during my internship.
I am also thankful to my respected teacher Abir Naqvi sahib, andSir Tariq Hussain sb for their sympathies behavior. My specialthanks are reserved for the management Packages Ltd for theircooperation. I am also thankful to my class fellows who alwayshelped me during my studies and provided me guidance all thetime.
I am thankful to my family for my heartily felt feeling for theirmoral and financial during my studies.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I PAGE
INTRODUCTION OF THE ORGANIZATION 8
• History and Background of the Company 9
• Present Status of the Company 10
• Products 11
• Services and Material 12
• General Profile of Company 13
• Organizational Structure 16
• Departments of Production 18
• Objective of Packages Ltd20
• Material Policies 23
CHAPTER II
PRODUCTION PROCESS 28
• Departments of production 29• Product Procedure
30• Packaging Division 31• Offset Printing Dept. 36• Art Dept. 37• Camera Dept.
38• Cutting and Creasing Department
39• Marketing Department
40• Planning Department
45• Finance Department
46• R, D and Control Department
48• Management Information System
49• Personnel Department
50• Personnel Policies 53
CHAPTER III
INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES 57
CHAPTER IV
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 60
• Summary 61• Recommendations for the Organization
62• Recommendations for M.E.T department
64• Recommendations for the Next • Internship in the Organization
65
CHAPTER V
SWOT Analysis 66
• SWOT Analysis 67• Strengths of Packages Ltd
67• Weaknesses of Packages Ltd
69• Opportunities of Packages Ltd
70
• Threats of Packages Ltd70
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
OF THE
ORGANIZATION
HISTORY AND BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY The printing and packaging is a public eye today. Most of the companies try to provide best quality product to its target market through attractive printing and packaging material.
The Packages Limited was established in 1970 and started its Product in full swing to meet printing and packaging needs of developing industry of packaging.
It is one of the best printing and packaging industries, which has always maintained quality standards with highly professional team backed up with hi-tech machinery to ensure products which are in accordance with customer’s specifications.
Its monthly capacity in Offset production line of paper & board is 450 to 500 metric tons. And Roto Gravure line monthly capacityis 80 to 100 metric tons.
It is the best quality raw material for production, such as inks,duplex board and paper. It use imported laser cut dies to producehigh precision cartons to feed automatic high speed packaging
machines of offset packaging. It also use chemically etched and mechanical engraved cylinders for Roto Gravure as desired by customers.
Its product range includes Tea, Biscuit, Ice Cream, Pharmaceutical, Bulb Cartons, Cigarette Wrapping Material, Cup Labels, Shell and Slides, different kinds of Toffee. Bubble and Candy Wrappers, Water Proof Packaging, House Hold Products, Salespromotional material like Poster, Stickers, Calendar, Bunting andBrochures.
I at BU-FC work in a very professional and friendly environment.Its team includes qualified professionals, having good analyticalapproach and interpersonal skill, meeting targets assigned by ourcustomers.
• Easy availability of workers.
• Easy availability of raw material
• Easy transportation all over the country
PRESENT STATUS OF THE COMPANY Packages is sharing 17% of the packaging industry in Punjab. It is one of the best printing and packaging industries, which has always maintained quality standards with highly professional team
backed up with hi-tech machinery to ensure products which are in accordance with customer’s specifications.
Its monthly capacity in Offset production line of paper & board is 450 to 500 metric tons. And in Roto Gravure line monthly capacity in 80 to 100 metric tons.
Its product range includes Tea, Biscuit, Ice Cream, Pharmaceutical, Bulb Cartons, Cigarette Wrapping Material, Cup Labels, Shell and Slides, different kinds of Toffee. Bubble and Candy Wrappers, Water Proof Packaging, House Hold Products, Salespromotional material like Poster, Stickers, Calendar, Bunting andBrochures.
To satisfy the customer Packages provides the best quality according to the customer specifications and needs.
To meet this target its top management and worker are committed:
• To create the long term business relations with all
Customers, Suppliers and all interested parties.
• To provide the best knowledge and training programs
according to the modern techniques and methods.
• To improve its employee’s lining standards to maximize his
satisfaction level.
• To implement the quality management system in all
departments to strive for continuous improvement in all
processes
DEFINITION OF PACKAGING
Packaging is the use of containers and components with the
addition of labeling to protect, identify, merchandise and
facilitate the use of products. Protection and identification
being the over powering factors in this process. This obviously
facilitate the use of a product of a particular brand.
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
Following are the services it provide to the Industry according to the demand of the customer,
• Tea cartons
• Ice Cream cartons
• Pharmaceutical packaging
• Bulb cartons
• Cigarette Wrapping Material
• Cup Labels, Shell and Slides
• Toffee, Bubble and Candy Wrappers
• Water Proof Packaging
• House Hold Product
• Sales promotional material like Poster
• Stickers, calendar, Bunting and Brochures.
MATERIAL COMBINATION AND THEIR USAGE
Sr. COMBINATION USAGE
1 Wax Paper Twistable & Foil Strip Toffee, Bubble Gum, Blades
2 Wax Paper with Surface Printing Chew Wrapper
3 Poly Coated Paper with Surface Printing Custard, Corn flour, Pharma
4 Pet + PE Snacks
5 Pet + AL Foil & PE Food Industry
6 Pet + Paper + PE Soop Wrapper
7 Printed Pet + Metalized + Paper + PE Tea Line
8 Pet + Metalized Pet + PE Pharma
9 Pet + Metalized Pet + AL Foil + PE Pharma
10 Pet + Bopp Snacks
11 Pet + Mcpp Snacks
12 Bopp +Bopp Snacks /Confectionery /Soap
13 Bopp + PE Snacks /Confectionery /Soap
14 Bop + Cpp Snacks /Confectionery /Soap
15 Pet + Pearl Confectionery
16 Bopp + Pearl Ice Cream
17 Pearl with Surface Printing Ice Cream
18 PVC Twistable Confectionery
19 Pet + Paper + Peg + Hot melt Soap / Packaging
20 AL Foil Rigid Surface Printing Pharmaceutical/Food
COMPANY’S General Profile
Company Name : Packages Limtied
Sayed Baber Ali(Chairman)
Sayed Haider Ali(Managing Director)
Years of Establishment: 1956Number of Employees: 2000Head Office Shahrah-e-Roomi P.O. Amer-sidhu, Lahore-54760, Pakistan
Tel: + 92 42 35811541-6, 35811191-4 Fax: + 92 42 35811195, 35820147
For Customer Queries: [email protected] For Vendor Queries : [email protected] For General Info : [email protected]
COMPANY QUALITY POLICY
“WE STRIVE FOR QUALITY WHICH IS OUR TOP PRIORITY”
FOR US, CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IS THE MOST IMPORTANT
CRITERION
FOR QUALITY REQUIRING THAT OUR PRODUCTS MUST BE TECHNICALLY
SOUNDS, REASONABLY PRICED AND TIMELY DELIVERED
OUR OBJECTIVE IS TO IMPLEMENT AND MAINTAIN INTERNAIONAL
STANDARDS TO ENABLE US TO REDUCE CUSTOMER COMPLAINTS AND
IMPROVE QUALITY
COMPANY VISION
To satisfy the customer, Packages Ltd provides the best quality according to the customer specifications and needs. To meet this target, our top management and workers are committed:
• To implement the quality management system in all departments to strive for continuous improvement in all processes.
• To provide the best knowledge and training programs according to the modern techniques and methods.
• To create the long term business relations with all customers, Suppliers and all interested parties.
• To improve our employee’s living standards to maximize his satisfaction level.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
The organizational is headed by the managing director and has a
board of directors. An operational management team consisting of
the general manager and senior manager manage the company.
The organization has the following department:
HUMAN RESOURCE AND ADMINISTRATION • Human resource management
• Administration
• Time office
• Security
• Transportation
• Housekeeping
• Communication office
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT • Manager PPC
• Pre-Press department
• Design Department
• Offset Printing Department
• Cutting and Creasing Department
• Folding and Gluing Department
• Wax Department
• Slitting Department
• Dispatch Section
MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT
• Electrical shop
• Mechanical shop
• Boiler house
MARKETING AND MERCHANDISING DEPARTMENT • Sales and Marketing Department
• Product Development Department
• Research and Development
MATERIAL MANAGER AND CONTROL DEPARTMENT • Imports
• Purchase Main store
FINANCE DEPARTMENT • Accounts
• Costing
• Finance
• Auditing
DEPARTMENTS OF PRODUCTION• Art Department: In this department, designer prepares the basic design to be
printed by any method.
It is the most crucial department in this process. Customer
gives the design and then the designers prepare it for the
production purpose.
• Off-set Printing: It is the printing department, Aluminum plates are used on the
machines to print the job.
By the help of offset printing department, we produce
different kind of products which can be manufactured on Paper,
Board and Card Board.
• Flexible Packaging Division:This is an also a printing method, in this form of printing, a
large corrugated web has been feed to the machine, Liquid type
inks are used in that kind of printing to print the job.
• Coating Department: In this department, coating process can be done on the
materials according to the demand of the customer. There are
three coating machines of different sizes in this department
which can be utilized according to the job’s requirement.
• Cutting & Creasing Department: When the jobs has been printed, it needs to be in its proper
form like carton, in the way Cutting and creasing department
helps us to make the cartons according to the customer’s
specifications. Cutting and creasing rules been used to do
this operation. A cutting and creasing die punches the printed
sheet at a specific pressure to make the cartons.
• Lamination Department Lamination process helps us to make the product more
presentable and durable, to face the direct sunlight and
humidity.
With the help of lamination process, the product gets secured
from outer variables. An thin BOPP material is used to do the
lamination.
• Folding & Gluing Department After getting the job from CC department, it needs to be
pasted on the glue flap to give it final touch to reach the
customers. In this connection die cut cartons been fed into a
folding and gluing machine, which glues the cartons as perits
specs. It is a high speed machine having maximum speed of
20000 gluing cartons per hour.
• Quality Control Department Final quality has been checked in this department to avoid
complaints after delivering the job to the customer’s
location. Quality supervisors check the whole ready to
dispatch lot randomly to confirm the products as per quality.
• Dispatch Department It is the final department of the process, its responsibility
is to dispatch the good after packing it in the required
corrugated boxes at given quantities.
OBJECTIVES OF PACKAGES LTD
Objectives are the ends towards which activity is aimed. They
represent not only the end point of planning but also the end
toward which organizing, staffing, leading and controlling are
aimed. The Packages Ltd work’s with the objective of increase in
sales, profit and expansion programs. At the time of
establishment Packages start to work with the objective,
“To secure a relatively safe and cheap local source of paper, board and plastic film
packaging”
The objectives for which the company is established are:
• To carry on all or any of the business of manufacturing and
printing of cartons, packaging, specialized containers for
various commodities, utensils and other articles, printers,
lithographers, type founders, electrotypes, photographic
printer, photo-lithographers, engravers, die sinkers, book
binders, designers, paper and ink manufacturer and dealers
in or manufacturers of any of them articles or things
required for purpose of manufacture and printing of cartons,
Packages Ltd specialized containers for various commodities,
utensils and other marketable commodities and to establish
and maintain showrooms for this purpose; and of
distributors, suppliers and sellers of the said articles and
contractors for supplying them,
• To carry on the business of stations, printers publishers
fancy goods dealers bill posters and advertising
contractors.
• To carry on the business of manufacturers of and dealers in
chemicals of all kind; paints, varnishes, printing inks and
all other things which can be conveniently manufactured or
dealt in either wholesale or retail and either as principals
or agents.
• To imports and exports, buy, sell and trade in manufacture and mill supplies, fire engines, trucks, vehicles, machine tools, machine shops, processes and electric supplies and appliances foundry and factory supplies and hardware of all kinds and chemical substances useful for the company.
• To carry on any other business, whether manufacturing or otherwise, which may seem to the company capable of being conveniently carried on in connection with the above or calculated directly or indirectly to enhance the value of orrender profitable to the company’s property or rights.
• To acquire undertake the whole or any part of the business, property and liabilities of any person or company or any business, which the company is, authorized to carry on, or processed of property suitable for the purpose of this company.
• To establish laborites and research and development centers to perform such research and development as the company may deem advisable or feasible.
• To carry for purchase or otherwise acquire any patents, deeminvention, licenses, concessions and like, conferring any exclusive or non-exclusive or limited right to use or any secret or other information as to any invention which may seem capable of being used for any of the purposes of the company, or the acquisition of which may seem calculated directly or indirectly to respect of, or otherwise turn to account the property, rights or information so acquired.
• To enter into an arrangement with any government, state or authority, central or provincial, railway, municipal, local or otherwise, that seem conductive to the company’s objective or any of them and to obtain from any such government, state or authority any rights, privileges and concessions.
• To establish and support or aid in the establishment and support of associations, funds trusts, and conveniences calculated to benefit employees of the employees of the company or the dependents or connections of such persons andto grant pensions and to make payments towards insurance.
• To promote any company (ies) for the purpose of acquiring
all or any of the property, rights and liabilities of this
company or for any purpose which may seem directly or
indirectly to benefit this company.
• To sell or dispose of the undertaking of the company or any
part thereof or such consideration as the company think fit,
and in particular for shares, debentures, or securities of
any other company having objects altogether or in part
similar to those of this company.
• Generally to purchase, taken lease or in exchange hire or
otherwise acquire, any moveable or immovable property and
any rights or privileges which the company may think
necessary or convenient for the purpose of its business and
particular any land, building, machinery, plant and stock
on trade.
• To construct, improve, maintain, develop, work, manage,
carryout, or control any manufacturing, warehouse, shops,
stores and other works and convenience which may seem
calculated directly or indirectly in advance the company's
interest.
• To sell, improve, manage, develop, exchange enfranchise,
mortgage, lease, dispose of account, or otherwise deal with,
all or any part of the property and rights of the company.
• To invest and deal with the money of the company not
immediately required in such manner as may from time to time
be determined.
• To lend money to such persons or companies and on such terms
as may seem expedient and in particular to customers and
others having dealing with the company and to give dealing
with the company and to give guarantee or become security
for any such persons, firms or companies.
• To borrow or raise or secure the payment of money in such
manner as the company shall think fit, and in particular by
the issue of debentures or debentures stock, perpetual or
otherwise charged upon all or any of the company's
property, both present and future including its uncalled
capital and to purchase or pay off any such securities.
• To adopt such means of making known the products of the
company as may seem expedient, and in particularly
advertising in the press by circulars by purchase and
exhibition of works of art or interest, by publication of
books and periodicals and by granting prizes, rewards and
donations.
• To receive money on deposit or loan upon such terms as the
company may approve, and to guarantee the obligations and
contracts of customers and others.
1. To remunerate the directors, officials and servants of the
company or any person or firm or company rendering services
to the company out of or in proportion to the returns of
profits of the company or otherwise as the company may think
proper, either by cash payment or by allotment to him or
them of shares or securities of the company credited as paid
up in full or part or otherwise as may be thought expedient.
2. To act as managing agents for any other person, firm or
company as may be deemed convenient and upon such terms as
may be agreed.
3. To do all such other things as are incidental or conducive
to the attainment of the above objects.
4. To develop and build local skills and competence in a
sophisticated industry in order to make the country self
sufficient in its need for packaging.
MANAGERIAL POLICIES
The major managerial policies as adopted by Packages are as follows:
1. The price of the Company's products is same for all areas of
Pakistan.
2. In case of consumer products, the company pays freight and
octroi.
3. Prices can be changes by the company without any prior
notice.
4. The Company accepts only large orders of high monetary
value.
5. An order, which has once been confirmed by the customer, can
only be canceled at the will of the company and not the
customer.
6. In case of consumer product, agreement with customer is made
once and for all.
7. No discounts are offered to the customers.
8. Goods are sold against 100% advance payment.
9. The company does not pay freight when its industrial
products are shipped to the customer.
10. Punctuality is strongly emphasized.
11. All the designed and original work done in preparing the
package of any product will remain the property of the
company.
1. Procurement is made directly from the producers so that the
middleman's profit is
eliminated.
1. Once the goods are in transit, they become the property of
the customer.
2. Customer can only claim for defective goods if they exceed
2% of the total order and the
claim is
made within two weeks after the delivery.
1. For routine purchases, multiple suppliers are maintained to
reduce dependency on any one
particular supplier.
1. A variation of 10% in the quantity of the order delivered is
a norm variation and the
customer has to accept the order as such and pay for the
surplus.
1. Any alteration in the approved sample shall be charged
extra.
2. Workers are encouraged to produce more through a well-
organized incentive system.
3. Selection of executives is done strictly selected on merit
and no approach is entertained in
this regard.
1. Investment is made in those projects, outside the line of
the company, which can later
improve the sales of the company.
1. In all the production processes both quality and quantity
are taken emphasized.
2. Workers are encouraged to reduce the wastes and costs.
3. Only those workers are recruited who have some relationship
with the current employees
of the company.
1. Smooth relationship between supervisors and the subordinates
is emphasized.
2. Company makes capital investment equal to the depreciation
every year.
3. Swiftness in the performance of duties is encouraged.
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The following are major accounting policies:
1. ACCOUNTING CONVENTON:The accounts have been prepared under the historical cost
convention, modified by capitalization of exchange differences.
2. TAXATION:
The charge for current taxation is based on taxable income at the
current rates of taxation after taking into account tax credit
and rebates realizable, if any. The company accounts for deferred
taxation, using the liability method, on all major timing
differences.
3. FIXED CAPITAL EXPENDITURE AND DEPRECIATION:Operating fixed assets except land is stated at cost less
accumulated depreciation. Land and capital work-in-process ate
stated at cost. The management carried out a comprehensive review
of the useful lives of major items of plant and machinery inl985.
Depreciation in respect of such assets is charged in annual
installments so as to write off their yearend book value over
their remaining re-estimated useful lives.
Depreciation on all other operating fixed assets is charged to
profit on the straight line method so as write off the historical
cost of an asset over its estimated useful life at the following
annual rates:
ANNUAL DEPRECIATION RATEPlant and Machinery 6.25% To 20%
Buildings 2.5% To 5%
Other equipment 10% To 33.33%
Furniture and fixtures 10% To 20%
Vehicles 1% To 20%
The full annual rate of depreciation is applied on the cost of
additions, excluding exchange differences, while no depreciation
is charged on assets deleted during the year.
The net exchange differences relating to an asset, at the end of
each year, is amortized in equal installments over its remaining
useful life. Major renewal and improvements are capitalized.
4. LONG TERM INVESTMENT:
These are stated at lower of cost and market value determined on
a portfolio basis. Provision is made for permanent diminution in
the value of any investments.
5. STORES AND SPARES:
Usable stores and spares are valued principally at moving average
cost, while items considered obsolete are carried at nil value.
Items in transit are valued at cost comprising invoice value plus
other charges paid thereon.
6. STOCK-IN-TRADE:
Stock of raw materials, except for those in transit, work-in-
process and finished goods are valued principally at the lower of
average cost and net realizable value. Cost of work-in-process
and
finished goods comprise cost of direct materials and labor and
appropriate manufacturing overheads. Materials in transit are
stated at cost comprising invoice values plus other charges paid
thereon. Net realizable value signifies the estimated selling
price in the ordinary course of business less costs necessarily
to be incurred in order to make a sale.
7. FOREIGN CURRENCIES:
All assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated
at exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date except for
foreign currency long-term loans covered under State Bank of
Pakistan risk cover scheme. Exchange differences on loans
utilized for the acquisition of plant and machinery are
capitalized up to the date of commissioning of the assets. All
other exchange differences are included in profit currently.
8. MARK UP, INTEREST, PROFIT AND OTHER CHARGES:
Mark up, interest, profit and other charges on redeemable capital
and long term liabilities are capitalized up to the date of
commissioning of the respective plant and machinery, acquired out
of the proceeds of such redeemable capital and long term
liabilities. All other mark up, interest, profit and other
charges are charged to income.
1.REVENUE RECOGNITION:Revenue is recognized on dispatch of goods or on the performance
of services except for management fees which are recognized on
receipt.
1.SECURITY OF FOREIGN CURENCY LOANS:Loans are secured by an equitable mortgage of immovable
properties, hypothecation of all plant and machinery and a
floating charge on all current assets subject to the
hypothecation of stores, spares, stock-n-trade and debts in favor
of the company's bankers.
CHAPTER II
PRODUCTION PROCESS
DAPERTMENTS OF PRODUCTION
The role of production department in a manufacturing concern is
very important. Packages Ltd the production department is also an
important one. The goods for the customers are manufactured
according to the desired standards in this department. This
department is responsible to plan and organize the allocation of
jobs to various machines in a way that their maximum capacity is
utilized and that the delivery is given to the customer by
stipulated date. The head of the production department is the
production manager. The planning department also assists the
department. The working procedures are based on week basis i.e.
the total no of weeks in a year. The Production Manager looks
after the production while the Planning Manager supervises the
planning section. The heads of following departments are directly
answerable to production manager and they have to present their
special problems to him for advice and help:
• Art Department
• Off-set Printing
• Flexible Packaging Division
• Coating Department
• Cutting & Creasing Department
• Lamination Department
• Folding & Gluing Department
• Dispatch Department
• Quality Control Department
The Production, Planning and control unit is also directly under
the Production Manager and acts as the brain cell for him.
Production Manager prepares internal planning of whole Paper &
Board Division. It takes into account the total capacity of the
machinery, and manpower. It also arranges the resources to
attain maximum utilization. The other goal is to reduce the
wastage of resources. The planning department acts as a
coordinator between the Marketing and production Departments.
This is very important in the sense that if there is no
communication between the Marketing and Production Departments,
a lot of confusion will be created.
PRODUCTION PROCEDURE:
The sale staff is in direct touches with the customers and
solicits business. After the business has been finalized, an
Internal Sales Order (ISO) is sent direct to the Production,
Planning and Control Departments for checking and planning out
the production schedule. The planning officer and his staff
communicate and correspond directly with sales staff. Sales staff
also deals with Art Department in the initial stages of the
business negotiations for the approval for the customer. The
direct link of the Art Department ceases after the customer has
approved the comprehensive. For submitting proofs of the made job
reference to the Planning Department for finalizing the ultimate
shape of the product. They also prepare mechanical for the Offset
and Flexography jobs. The jobs then move to Camera department who
prepare the printing negatives followed by production department
who prepare the printing plates. The plates will either go to
proofing press or for mass production to offset presses.
The order received by the customer to Marketing Department may
be:
• New job
• Modify the old job
• Repeating job
In order to develop a new job, to create a new product or to
give special suggestions to the customer, sales staff takes help
from Development Manager. Development Manager is in touch with
all the facilities available at the factory and develops the
projects until it is fit for mass production. The new job is
first sent to Art and Camera Departments for the art & design to
be printed. In case of repeat order, the Production Department
will receive the ISO with the sample and the job will be sent to
the planning department.
Planning department issue a Job Card, as soon as the Job Card is
made out, Paper & Board stores arrange material. The immediate
requirements are indicated in the Job Card who has to be
available in stocks while the long-range requirements are stocked
up. Production Manager has to foresee the future requirements. In
case of new development, special materials are to be ordered.
When substantial orders are expected in a particular line then
raw materials will have to be ordered. For example, if there is
trend of packaging polyethylene bags then polyethylene granules
will have to be bought ahead of time.
After Offset Department & Paper Conversion Department (PC) the
job run through Cutting and Creasing, Folding and Gluing and is
sent out through Dispatch Department. The jobs emanating from
Paper Converting & Offset Department go directly to Dispatch
Department. Once important function of the Dispatch Department is
to prepare Dispatch Notes for goods sent out whether by trucks or
railway.
PACKAGING DIVISION:
The packaging division is also called as the Paper Converting
Division. Paper Converting Department was established in 1975.
This department is second major department in Packages Ltd.
There are two types of printing in Packages:
• Off-set Printing
• Roto Graver Printing
The Paper Converting Department converts the paper into packing
material. By Roto Graver Printing we can get paper or bags in
reel forms. It only uses paper and other Polly materials. No
board is used in this department. Printing in the Paper
Converting Department is several forms:
• Printing & Conversion of Paper
• Preparing & Printing Polyethylene bags
• Preparing Aluminum Foils
Fine printing is get from Roto Gravure printing, which is
expensive, then Flexo method. The operations are carried out on
various machines. Operations include printing polyethylene
extrusion, cutting, creasing, slitting, bag making, waxing etc.
The Paper Conversion Department has the following machines. This
department split into three sections with the following
equipment:
TYPES OF PACKAGING:
There are two main types of packaging in Packages which are
following:
• Flexible Packaging• Paper Board Packaging
The detail of each type of packaging is given below.
FLEXIBLE PACKING
Sr
.
MACHINE MAKE ORIGION SPECES
1 6 Color Roto graver Printing
Machine
Toshiba Japan 1300mm
2 6 Color Roto graver Printing
Machine
Higashitani Japan 1300mm
3 6 Color Roto graver Printing Nakajima Japan 1000mm
Machine
4 3 Color Roto graver Printing
Machine
Higashitani Japan 1300mm
5Poly Extrusion Coating MachineMitsubishi Japan 1000mm
6Solvent less Lamination Machine Comexi Spain 1000mm
7Solvent Base Lamination Machine GEW Pak 1000mm
8 Hot melt/ Wax Coating Machine Nakajima Japan 1000mm
9 3 Side Sealing pouch making
machine
Totani Japan 800mm
10 Al. Foil Slitting Machine China China 600mm
11 4 Film Slitting Machine China China 1000mm
12 Wax Coating Machine BEW Pak 1000mm
13 Wax Coating Machine MEC Pak 800mm
14 2 Paper Slitting Machines FEC Pak 1000mm
PAPER BOARD PACKAGING
Sr. MACHINE MAKE ORIGION SPECS
1 6 Color Offset Printing
102 SP
Heidelberg Germany 28"x 40"
2 4 Color Offset Printing Komori Japan 28"x 40"3 2 Color Printing Roland Germany 25"x 36"4 1 Color Printing Roland Germany 25"x 38"5 1 Color Small Rota print Germany 13"x17"6 1 Color Printing 125 Solna Sweden 18"x25"7 1 Color Printing 125 Solna Sweden 18"x25"8 2 Color Printing 225 Solna Sweden 18"x259 2 Nos Auto platen Die
Cutting 900
Bobst Switzerland 900 x 630mm
10 2 Nos Auto platen Die
Cutting 1080
Bobst Switzerland 1080 x
700mm11 Die Cutting Imperial Holland 25"x 30"12 Die Cutting Machine Kirma Pak 28"x 33"13 Hot Foil Stamping Kirma Pak 15"x20"14 Folding Gluing Crash
Bottom
Bobst Pak 800
15 Folding Gluing Mini
Cartons
Bobst Switzerland 15"
16 Folding Gluing Crash
Bottom
Jagenberg Germany Standard
17 Paper Cutting Automatic Polar Sweden Standard18 Paper Cutting Manual Jeffery Pak Standard19 Paper / Board Laminating Master Pak Standard20 UV Curing Baoding China 30"21 UV Curing Baoding China 40"22 Printing Down Frame Douthitt USA 28"x 40"23 Protocol Register System Graf Germany Standard
24 Die Matrix Setting System Marbakh Turkey Standard25 Mac Designing Computer EMac USA 1 GHz26 Mac Designing Computer Power Mac USA 960027 IBM PC P-IV Computer IBM South Africa 2.4 GH
PROCEDURE:
Out of four Flexo Graphic machines, one is six colors and the
rest are four color-printing machines. Hence, in Flexo graphic
printing, Packages Ltd has the facility to print from two to
six colors. In July 1994 they break 1991 record and produce
4455000 meter printed packaging reels. There are six slitting
machines, which are used for several kinds of slitting. In Flexo
Graphic printing water based ink is used. The machine gets ink
for one side and prints it on the other side. There are two
polyethylene extruders, which manufacture Polyethylene both at
low and high density Polyethylene from granules, which are
mostly imported from the U.S.A, Qatar, and U.A.E.
All printing machines are imported from Sweden and Germany. The
management and operators believe that German machines are very
good and their production is also more. The production of six
color machines while using Polyethylene is from 1500 to 1700
meters of Polyethylene per hour. Four color printing machine
prints about 2400 meters of paper per hour. Total production of
these machines per shift is 30000 meters. Packages Ltd
manufactures and prints high density Polyethylene from 12 grams
to 60 grams. And in case of low density Polyethylene it is 20 to
150 grams. In the Polly Section Polyethylene is made while in
Waxing Section, the wax machine leaves a film of wax on paper.
The Injection Molding machine in the Injection Molding Section
makes plastic crates for milk transportation. But lately this
section is not working as the demand for them is decreasing. In
the Polly Lamination Section, Polly Lamination is done on paper's
surface to make the surface seasonable and shiny.
FLEXIBLE PACKAGING DIVISION (FP)
As the demand for sophisticated packaging grew, Packages Ltd
established Flexible Packaging Department in 1986 that is fully
equipped to manufacture high quality packaging. Molded from
synthetic materials, rubber plates are used in Flexography. It
uses the Roto Graver printing technique. This Roto Graver
printing is best for food items, for this type of packaging 98%
material is imported as a result it is the most expensive
printing technique.
• One Six Color Roto Printing Machine
• One Lamination Machine• One Rewinding Machine
• Two Slitting Machines
• A Shrink Packing Machine
This printing is more expensive than stereotype printing.
Metallic Cylinder is used in order to get fine printing. This
cylinder picks the six color solvent based ink. The material's
surface should be 100% glossy and smoother. It processes films
whether they are paper, Polly or aluminum foil based, are
laminated by containing two or more layers so as t give the
required barrier properties against moisture, gases and odors. It
produces packaging for soap and confectionery industry. The
printing is done in very attractive colors and designs.
OFF-SET PRINITNG DEPARTMENTThis is the largest printing section of Packages. This department
has the largest share in the total Packages sales, which is about
75%. There are 8 printing machines in this section which are used
for printing on duplex board. There are two varnishing machines
and one laminator machine. This printing facility is available
from two to six colors. These machines use oil based ink.
Normally they print cigarette cartons, biscuits, shoeboxes and
tea boxes. In July 1994 they produced record production of
15200000 sheets.
Offset printing is the art of printing from a flat surface. In
this method the blanket and transfers to the sheet to be
printing first receive the image. The blanket is made of rubber.
Off-set printing is based on the principle that grease and water
are not readily mix. Printing is done from metal plates. The
image is put on the plate by a photo chemical process. The image
area on the plate is processed so that greasy ink sticks to it
but water runs off. The non-image area of the plate processed to
pick up and hold water but not ink. Each Off-set machine has
different cylinders that are, six color machines have six
cylinders, and five colors have five cylinders and so on. Each
cylinder is used for the printing of a specific color. The
cylinder takes the ink from the ink pan and prints it on the
paper board running on the other cylinder. The paper goes
forward and then another cylinder prints another color and so
on, until the sheet is printed according to the right format.
Regardless of the type, Off-set presses have four basic systems:
• Feeder System
• Registration System
• Printing System
• Delivery System
The Duplex board is used in this form of printing. The weight of
board is 240 to 490 grams. They use imported machines; these
machines are made by "PLANETA, M.A.N, and ROLAND AND HIEDLBERG".
ROLAND machine is latest and print in five colors.
ART DEPARTMENT:
The Packages has an art department in which qualified, efficient
and talented artists and designers are working. The artists and
designers in the department are very creative and for most of the
time are involved in designing the new Packages. Art department
gives attention to the advice of the marketing and of the
customer. There are two sections in the Art department.
• Creative (Comprehensive) Section
• Mechanical Section
CREATIVE SECTION:The main function of this department is to create new designs in
accordance with the customer's specifications. When a new order
is to be processed the sales officers contacts the creative
section to provide basic information about the idea, number of
colors and size etc. as requested by the customer. The designer
then visualizes the idea and creates four or five Comprehensive
designs. These designs (blank samples) are shown to the customers
and the best one is selected. All the designs are made on
computers. Then hard copy of these designs is made through the
use of colored Laser Printer.
MECHANICAL SECTION:
Approved designs from the creative section come in mechanical
section. Designs in black and white are prepared in this section.
Sensitive black and white films are used for better results for
color photograph, which is called a transparency. Coordination
between art designers and mechanical artists is very necessary
for good designs.
The mechanical is then sent to the Planning Department and is
checked according to the limitations of the printing, cutting,
etc processes. Then sample is sent to the Marketing Department
for the customer approval. If the customer suggests some changes,
then these changes are made and the whole process of checking is
repeated. After the final approval of the customer, it is sent to
the Camera Department for making negatives. Art Department uses
"MACINTOSH" computers and other design equipment.
CAMERA DEPARTMENT:Camera Department makes negatives and color separation from the
mechanical by using cameras. Earlier this whole process was done
by manually but recently Packages has bought a sophisticated
fully computerized color scanner. Then with the help of scanners
and manually, it is found out that how much quantity of each
color is required in the design. The department has increased its
efficiency and quality of films. In the Camera Section, there are
four colors use to get the negatives: Magenta, Yellow, Cyan, and
Black. The number of negatives is subject to the number of colors
used. If necessary transparencies can also be made of the design.
CUTTING AND CREASING DEPARTMENT (CC)
Cutting is the process which gives the carton its shape. For each new
product a cutting die is prepared from drawings. This department is
equipped with latest cutting and creasing machines having a great
efficiency along with accuracy.
LAMINATION DEPARTMENT
This department has two machines which laminates the paper on single
side or double side. This lamination process is started after
printing, as the customer requirements.
FOLDING AND GLUING DEPARTMENT (FG)
Folding and Gluing is last process, which takes place before the
completion of the carton. The printed material after passing
through the cutting and creasing processes is passed on to the
folding and gluing section. A carton, which can not be glued on
machine, is glued by hand manually. Last examination of quality
control is conducted in this department. From this department,
the job is packed in boxes and sent dispatch department.
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENTThis department examines the quality of products producing by
Production Department. They make tests about the quality of printing,
grammage of paper or board and compare them with customer
specifications and prepare reports about results.
WORKSHOP
It works under the design department. The machines designed in
the design department are manufactured in the workshop. The work
in the workshop is carried in two shifts of eight hours. Over
time is given to the workers but no special incentives are given.
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
Marketing Department is of paramount importance. Because it plays
a link between the consumer and the producer. The function of the
marketing department works effectively and efficiently, the whole
organization is on a smooth run. Like all other departments the
Marketing Department of The Reckoner Publications shows a good
performance. The marketing department plays a key role in the
operations of the organization.
The Industrial Marketing Division:
The performance of marketing activities of firm has increased due
to this segmentation of division. Following are the important
factors, which differ between these two divisions:
• Distribution channels are different.
• Target market is different.
• Both have their own competitors.
• Marketing policies are different for each division.
Inventory Section:Inventory Section plays a very important role in any organization
& is an important part of the Accounting Section. This section
maintains all the record and accounts about inventory and imports
of material. It is concerned mainly with the:
• Control of inventory
• Imports
• Investments
• Loans
• Accounting aspects of fixed assets
All store items lying in the stores of Packages Limited includes
in inventory. Each item of inventory is recorded on BIN CARDS or
TAGS. These provide an independent check on the store ledger. It
is the duty of inventory section to know how much inventory is
there in stores and for how long it is going to be kept.
This section also checks the value of all assets. Inventory
section also reconciles the quantity of various assets with the
help of store keeper to prepare the STOCK EVALUATION REPORT.
Inventory valuation is based on the average principle because
they believe that it is the best system. There are two main
stores in Packaes Paper Store
• Central StoreCentral store is gain further subdivided into:
• General Store
• Electrical Store
• Civil Store
• Chemical Store
• Oil Store
• Medical Store
• Tools & spares Store
Inventory section also deals with the loans of the company.
Packages Ltd has the policy to finance all long term projects
through loaning. Normally the Packages Ltd gets long term loans
from foreign institutions & banks.
Packages Ltd invests its funds in some other profitable business
opportunities. At this Packages Ltd sponsored its sister concern
Milk Pak. Funds are also invested in National Investment Trust,
National Saving Certificates, Defense Saving Certificates & WAPDA
Bonds.
Sales Accounts Section:
The sales account section maintains customer's record and the
sales records. Sales department is actually deals with the
Marketing Department and assist the sales force about the
financial aspects. Sales department deals with three basic
documents. These documents are very important in the activities
of Sales Section. These are:
1. Order Confirmation
2. Internal Sale Order (ISO)
3. Dispatch Note (DN)
The actual procedure starts when the sales officer of Marketing
Department gets an order from his clients. When a customer
confirms an order, the Marketing Department issues an "Order
Confirmation Slip". The customer must sign the order
confirmation. After the confirmation, another document is
prepared which is called the "Internal Sales Order" which is used
within the company. It is includes details such as the following:
• Purchase Order Number
• Product Code
• Quantity Ordered
• Rate Agreed
• Total Value of the Order
• Sales Officer's Code
• Code of the Department where goods are to be
manufactured
In case the goods to be manufactured and sold to the customer
are taxable the code is also given. One copy of ISO sends to the
Sales Section. All necessary information about the sale is
mentioned on ISO. In ISO the customer number, terms of payments,
art work charges if any, delivery terms and charges, quantity
and description of the ordered product, rate and total value are
included. The conditions about transportation such as:
a. Freight on board Lahore
b. Freight on Board
The other document Dispatch Notes are prepared by the Dispatch
Section, which exists in the Marketing Department. Dispatch
Notes contains:
1. Name of the customer
2. Customer number
3. Dispatch date
4. Dispatched to
5. Mode of transfer
6. Destination code
Purchase Section:
Packages has its own Purchase Accounting section. This section
normally deals with the records of all purchase made by Packages.
In Packages purchases are actually made by the Commercial
Department but its accounts deal by the Purchase Section.
Purchase department also deal with different documents such as:
• Issue Requisition (IR)
• Purchase journal (PJ)
• Cash Voucher (CV)
• Purchase Journal Through Staff (PJS)
• Goods Received Note (GRN)
• Purchase Requisition (PR)
• Store Return Note (SRN)
• Store Transfer Note (STN)
The purchases section records all the daily purchases of company
made by commercial division or any other department. The
purchases made by Packages may be on cash or Credit basis.
Three types of purchases made by the company are following:-
1. Purchase at the Gate or Cash Purchase:
Packages Ltd purchases some goods against cash, it is known as
cash purchase. The company buys raw material for paper like
Wheat Straw, Kahi at the factory gate. These purchases are
recorded in the purchase Journal. The gate clerk completes the
purchase process and makes payments on spot.
1. Credit Purchases:
Some purchases of goods made on credit. Such types of purchases
are done by authorized purchases of the company on the credit
basis. Credit purchases are of two types:
• Against goods
• Against services rendered
Normally goods need for manufacturing purpose such as packaging
machinery, chemicals etc. purchase on credit.
3-Local Purchase through Staff:
Commercial Department Staff members purchase this type of
purchases. In this type of purchases cash is paid immediately.
Such purchases are recorded in purchase journal through
commercial staff and send it to the Purchase Section.
Cash and Bank Section:
The staff of this section is assigned the job of making payments
on behalf of the company. It receives checks and records them in
the cash and bank book on daily basis. All the traveling
allowance bills, petty cash expenses and monthly payments of
salaries are made through this section this section operates
under the delegated authority from the Comptroller of Accounts.
Operations of Cash & Bank Section:
• To maintain Cash Book
• The Management of Short Term Loans
• Payments in the Shape of Cheques
• Payments to the suppliers
• To check the Bank Reconciliation Statement
• Payments for Local Traveling
PLANNING DAPARTMENT
As we know that if we want to increase our efficiency, we should
plan with excellence. Planning department is one of the most
important departments in an organization. Its main functions are
to plan huge operations. In Packages the planning department is
also playing an important role. The Planning Manager controls
the department.
The two main functions of the Planning Department are following:
1. LINK BETWEEN MARKETING DEPT. AND PRODUCTION DEPT.
The Planning department acts as a link between Marketing
department and the production department as there is no direct
contact between the two departments. Planning receives marketing
information from the Marketing department and converts it into
the Production language i.e. when the orders are placed to the
marketing department, the information regarding the order is
transferred to the planning department where they design and plan
the product according to the specifications required by the
customers.
2. OPTIMIZING THE AVAILABLE CAPACITY
To optimize the capacity means to utilize the manpower, machines
working hours and material Educate ultimate objective of the
Planning department is to improve and maximize the profitability.
Yearly targets are set during the annual Sales Conference that is
held in the month of December. In the sales conference the next
five-year targets are set and the last years performance is
reviewed. The next year's projections are also set in the
conference. In the five-year plans the shortfalls which are
manpower, materials and machinery are reviewed.
Top management is involved in long term planning short term plans
which constitute a year are reviewed every quarter.
FINANCE DAPARTMENT
Finance department has very important role in any business firm
now a day. So Packages Ltd has established its own Finance
Department on professional basis Packages Ltd has different
financial managers who are responsible for the financial aspects
of the Packages Limited. This department plays a key role in
organization's performance.
Finance department is responsible to maintains accounts of all
departments within the organization. For solving the complex and
difficult problems, Finance Department is segregated into
following divisions.
• Account Division
• Internal Audit Division
• Cost & Tax Division
Major Functions of Finance Department:
Finance department performs different functions in the
organization to run the finance of the organization more
effectively. Finance Manager is responsible for the company's
financial management. The major functions which by this
department are as follows:
• Calculate different expenses of the organization.
• Calculation of all incomes, receiving from sales &
other resources.
• Financial planning of the organization.
• Getting loans from banks and other financial
institutions.
• Costing the production.
• To make the efficient use of money of the company.
• Maintains all the accounts about inventory & imports of
material.
ACCOUNT DIVISION:
Finance department maintains all types of accounts in the
organization. Finance department records the transaction, design
& implement the accounting system and prepares the financial
statements for the company. This department is under the Finance
Manager. The accounts division has computerized accounting
process & linked with Management Information System. Following
are the major sections of the accounts division:
• Inventory Section
• Sales Accounts Section
• Purchase Section
• Cash & Bank Section
• Pay Roll Section
• Excise & Tax Section
• Import Section
COST & TAX DIVISION
Packages is engaged in producing two types of products:
• Packaging Containers
• Corrugated Cartons
Both products are costed differently, so these are two separate units for Paper & Board Mill Division.
THE RESERCH, DEVELOPMENT
&
CONTROL DAPRTMENT
If the industry wants to grow not just survive, then it should
take care of its Research and Development Department. World is
changing day by day. Development in Packaging material is a
continuous process. New materials, films, fibers, chemicals,
adhesives and coating always are researched and developed. As
Packages wants to retain clients, stay out of court and improve
profits, so it gives much consideration on quality of the
product. To keep up with new demands, Packages has a Research,
Development and Control Department. This department works in
close collaboration with Production and Marketing departments.
This department has well equipped laboratories and pilot
machines, which are used to test various chemical raw materials
and machines. It enables Packages to provide better quality and
latest packaging to the consumer industry, enabling it to
introduce new product lines an develop new materials. The
Research, Development and Control Department have three major
areas for its activities:
• Research
• Development
• Control
RESEARCH:
This section is directly responsible to the Production Manager
about his research. In Research, work is done with on the idea,
experiment is divided into parts and on each part attention is
focused and conclusions or suggestions are given. Packages Ltd
Press tries to get as many information and technology which is
possible and beneficial to the organization. All such
information is collected for research. Some time they receive
reports of customers' problems and complaints from Marketing
Department and advice to them through the same channels.
DEVELOPMENT:
Development is a continuous process in any organization. A lot of
development is the result of feasibility studies, study of new
production methods and new products. The "Environment Protection
Agency" has some standards for reducing pollution. The R, D &
Control Department developed new way of reducing pollution and
always tries to meet EPA standards.
CONTROL:
R, D & Control Department divides term "CONTROL" into two areas:
• Quality Control
• Process Control
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS)
Management Information System (MIS) is also called Computer
Section. Before setting up their own Computer System, Packages
Press hired computer services. But when work grew and
requirements increased, Packages Press has set up their own
computer system. Now all the computer related work of all the
departments is performed in this section. MIS Manager is the
head of this department and he is answerable to the General
Manager. Its responsibility is look after the data processing
and making software for Packages Ltd. There are two senior
system analysts, nine data entry operators, four computer
operators and one supervisor. System Department almost helps the
whole organization because almost every department is to some
extent computerized. The major job of this section is to assist
the Accounting department and that's why it is situated adjacent
to the Accounting department. At this time, Packages Ltd, uses
the following systems efficiently:
• Accounting System
• Inventory Control System
• Human Resource Management System
• Production Incentive System
• Production Planning System
• Job Casting System
Packages also has 22 Personal Computers in different departments
to fulfill the requirements. And almost each department has laser
printer.
The top management believes that this computer section has a
great deal to expedite routine jobs at Packages.
PERSONNEL DEPARTMENTPersonal department is another one of the most important
departments in an organization. The success of an organization is
dependent upon a successful personnel department. All the
progressive organization gives a great attention and importance
to their personal department. The prime objective of this
department is to manage and utilize the human resources in a
fruitful manner. It is obvious that if the employees are good
then the pre determined objectives can be easily achieved with
efficiency and effectiveness. This department deals with the
selection of employees and their working performance. The most
important objective of any personal department is how to improve
the performance of employees at work. The functions performed by
personal department are:
• Recruitment & Selection of Employees.
• Training and Development of Employees.
• Planning Work for the Employees.
• Performance Evaluation and Appraisals.
• Keeping Attendance Record
• Compensation Management.
• Management Labor Relation.
• Discipline
• Welfare of Employees.
• Keeping Employees Record in the Organization.
Packages Ltd possesses a well organized and systematically
operated Personnel Department. The success and effectiveness of
this department's policy and programs can be judged from the fact
that no problem has come to surface in the recent years. The
Personnel Department is headed by Personnel Manager.
The above mentions functions are performed by the following wings
of the personnel department.
1. Personal Staff Wing
2. Establishment Wing
3. Welfare Wing
4. Personal Staff Wing:The wing is under the direct supervision of the personal manager.The wing advertises jobs for workers and mangiest. This wing alsodesigns the recruitment policy. This wing also arranges trainingand development programs.
1. Establishment Wing (Time Office Wing)It is the largest wing of the department and is performing
important functions. It keeps the records of the employees,
calculates the wages and salaries, plans work for employees and
evaluate their performance. The record keeping is very
scientifically organized.
There are two types of employees in Packages Ltd :
• Employees Working On Monthly Basis.• Employees Working On Hourly Basis.
Employees working on hourly basis get their wages through a card
that contains the starting time of work and ending time. The work
is noted through punching machine. The total working hours of
employees are calculated and payment is made to them.
A gate pass is issued to the employees if they go out of the
factory for any personal/official work. A copy of time pass is
sent to the time office. If the gate pass time exceeds 8 hours, a
leave is deducted from the employee record.
By using this system the performance of the labor force is easily
evaluated. As the pay of an employee is directly proportional to
the time worked, it acts as motivation. While evaluating the
performance of employees, opinion of the supervisor or the
immediate Boss play an important role. The promotion of an
employee is highly influenced by his recommendations. There is a
casual leave of 10 days and medical leave of 16 days on the basis
of medical certificate issued by the company's medical officer.
The hourly staff is allowed 14 days of annual leave. However, for
one day medical leave is allowed and no medical certificate is
required.Packages also gives bonuses for extra work. For each
hour of overtime, the hourly wage is doubled. For monthly paid
workers there is an attendance register. There can get leaves
also. If an employee is absent for more than ten days without
leave then he is issued a "Charge Sheet" and he may terminated.
3-Welfare Wing
The job of this wing is the welfare of employees. It arranges
four types of mess for the employees. The meals are provided at
the subsidized rates.
Adult education programs work under this wing. Medical facilities
are also provided to the employees. Employees are entitlement for
the clinic that is situated at Packages . All the medical
expenses are born by Packages.
A fair price shop is also situated in the factory premises. All
the basic utilities are provided at very low rates. This section
also organizes the annual sports. The department is always
working for the betterment of its employees.
PERSONNEL POLICIES
The main personnel policies are given below.
1. Recruitment PolicyPackages is more inclined towards employing fresh graduates than
highly experienced persons. The main reason behind the policy is
that they believe in developing a person on their own grounds
keeping in view organizational objectives.
1. Workers SelectionAll the workers are taken on the designation of apprentice
trainee. After the expiry of probation period if the performance
of the trainee is found to satisfactory, then he is absorbed in
the work force. Efficient and effective workers are promoted
regularly after fixed periods upon the recommendation of the
superiors.
1. Executive SelectionFor the selection of executives if any junior executive is found
competent, then he is promoted to grade E-III. For selection of
executive outside the organization, jobs are advertised in the
news papers and candidates are called for the interview. After
taking a written test and brilliancy interview the selected
candidates appear before the top management for the final
selection.
1. TrainingTraining is very important to increase the employee performance.
At the beginning of the new jobs, or if the organization adopt
the new technology the employees are trained to meet the changes.
Packages Press provides training facilities, which include on job
training and of job training and also arranged refresher courses.
5. Organization
The selected candidates are utilized for the contribution in the
organization. It is referred as compensation and includes
monetary rewards and other facilities. Following are the grades
in the organization.
Retirement age for the employees is 58 years and no extension in
services allowed. The needed employees are hired on contract
basis. Attendance cards issued by the time office to the workers.
The cards are punched twice a day in their respective department
whereas attendance record of monthly employees is kept in
attendance register.
Hourly rate workers are paid at the end of paid every fortnight
while the monthly staff is given the salaries at each month end.
The employees are also given the following allowances.
1. House Rent.House rent is 50 percent of the basic salaries which in some
cases is 60 percent of the basic salaries. More than 60 percent
of the employees have their own houses.
1. Conveyance AllowanceConveyance allowance is given to the all employees. Loans are
provided to the employees to get their own conveyance. Monthly
allowances to employees are also given for maintenance of their
conveyances. Employees who bring their conveyances to the factory
are also given an additional allowance.
BENEFITS TO THE EMPLOYEES
Packages Ltd has given much benefit to its employees. A number of
facilities are provided by Packages for the training and welfare
of its employees. Few projects are also working in this context.
1. Uniform and Locker FacilityEvery worker is provided with two uniforms yearly. They are also
provided with the locker facility. The company also arranges
laundry service. Two soaps are also given to the workers for
maintaining their personal hygiene.
1. Provident FundEach employee of the organization contributes 10 % of the basic
salary and the company for the provident fund contributes the
same amount. The employees receive this amount at the time of
their retirement or when they leave the organization.
1. BonusAll the employees get handsome bonuses every year, which varies from grade to grade.
1. Group InsuranceCompany's policy is to have its employees safe and sound
financially. The company insures so all the workers and the
premium amounts are also paid by the company.
4-Recreational AllowancesThe company encourages and supports recreational activities.
Employees in groups are encouraged to go excursion trips and the
expenses towards their transportation etc. are paid by the
company. Employees can also use the rest use owned by Packages in
Murree.
6-OvertimeWorkers who work more than regular hours are paid twice of their
pay that includes basic pay and the dearness allowance. Employees
of E III and E II grade are also entitled for overtime.
7-Welfare FundIt is the duty of the organization to establish a fund in which
both company and the workers contribute quality. The heirs of
employees and entitled to received money from this fund.
8- Social Security
Social Security is applicable to all workers of Packages Ltd who
are drawing up to Rs.1800. medical facilities are also given to
the employees and their families. Medical facilities are also
available in the factory’s premises. Employees receive free
medical treatments from the company’s specified clinic and
dispensaries.
9-Loan Facilities for Car/Motor Cycle
Loan is granted to the employees for the purchase of cycle, motor
cycle and car. These loans are free from interest and all grades
are eligible for these loans.
10-Mosque
One beautiful mosque I in the factor area so that everybody can
offer his prayers and I observed that considerably large number
of employees uses this facility.
CHAPTER III
INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES
PLANNING DAPARTMENT
As we know that if we want to increase our efficiency, we should
plan with excellence. Planning department is one of the most
important departments in an organization. Its main functions are
to plan huge operations. The Planning Manager controls the
department.
Duties performed by me during internship are following:
1. Preparation of Loading Chart:
For the optimum utilization of the machine time and personnel,
loading chart are prepared by the planning department. These
loading charts provide the information that when the job will be
completed and will be ready for dispatches. It is mentioned in
weeks and as week numbers.
1. Preparation of (ISO) Document:
ISO stands for Internal Sale Order document. An ISO is an
internal document on which the information regarding the sales or
order is mentioned. Its main function is to transfer the
information to the various departments involved.
1. Maintenance of Machinery:Planning department is also responsible of maintenance of
machines. Proper Checking, oiling and cleaning of different parts
of machines is done when it is required.
1. AC Maintenance:
Checking and tuning of AC’s of different units and maintain their
performance.
CHAPTER IV
SUMMARY
AND
RECOMMMENDATIONS
SUMMARY
The printing and packaging is a public eye today. Most of the
companies try to provide best quality product to its target
market through attractive printing and packaging material.
Packages Limited is serving the industry for many years, and now
a days it is sharing the 17% of the province capacity.
It is one of the best printing and packaging industry, which hasalways maintained quality standards with highly professional team
backed up with hi-tech machinery to ensure products which are inaccordance with customer's specifications.
Its monthly capacity in Offset production line of paper & boardis 450 to 500 metric tons. And in Roto Gravure line monthlycapacity is 80 to 100 metric tons. Both operations take placeunder one roof.
It is engaged in business with National and Multinationalcompanies in Pakistan. Its printing quality adds more values tocustomer finished products.
It uses the best quality raw material for production, such asinks, duplex board and paper. It used imported laser cut dies toproduce high precision cartons to feed automatic high speedpackaging machines of offset packaging.
It also use chemically etched and mechanical engraved cylindersfor Roto Gravure as desired by customers.
At Packages I worked in a very professional and friendly environment Here are some of the good working approaches of Packages,
• They are producing all types of paper and board packaging.• They are having the best positive image & reputation
for quality packaging products in Punjab.• They are having the most advanced sophisticated & up to
date machinery in Pakistan and even in Asia.• Packages having their own Research, Development & Control • department.• They have ISO 9001 quality assurance certificate.
The purpose of the internship is to provide students with the
opportunity to observe study and participate in an organization
as a way of enhancing the individual's academic experience.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ORGANIZTION
During studying the different departments of Packages, Conclude
that it is an excellent organization. Both the packaging and
consumer products are the market leaders. Apart from its
excellent operations, it does not tend to be stationary at one
point. The Top Management keeps on exploring the profitable
opportunities both at home and abroad collaborations. Although it
is quite difficult to suggest some thing to such an established
organization but I put my efforts to suggest in the following
lines:
1. There is a lack of communication between different departments of the company.
2. Lack of motivation & intrinsic reward orientation among the management
3. The company has the capacity to produce the complete range
of packaging and have operations on a very large scale
4. It is having the best positive brand image & reputation for
quality packaging products in Pakistan.
5. Due to mass production the cost is reduced and the company
enjoys economies of scales.
6. It has ISO 9001 quality assurance certificates in five
different lines or divisions.
7. It has latest machines for the printing purposes.
8. It is enjoying approximately 17% market share, which is
greater than any other company in this business.
9-Mostly, the orders are not, completed on time, due to the
communication gap between the marketing people and the production
people.
10-The promotion process is very show in the company.
RECOMMENDATIONS
FOR M.T.E DEPARTMENT
During studying in the Department Of Technology Education, I
conclude that it is an excellent department but I put my efforts
to suggest in the following lines:
1-Department should take certain steps to introduce its degree inthe field.
1. The promotional committee of MTE should be more activated
in order to introduce it to different organization.
2. The industrial technology subjects should be
increased in number by decreasing some of education
subject.
3. Visits in multinational companies should he arranged in every semester.
4. Syllabus should by up to date and full fill the needs of students.
5. Visiting faculty should be improved and experts should be
called for conducting special programs on current production
techniques.
6. Over head projectors should be available in every class rooms.
8-Chairs are not comfortable
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE NEXT INTERNSHIP IN THIS
ORGANIZATION
Packages is growing organization that has achieved remarkable
success in Printing and Packaging industry in very short span of
time. Its corporate culture is so inspiring and working
structure is so impressive that it motivated to work.
The organization is being run by highly qualified professionals
who have purely business oriented attitude towards their work.
That is why this organization is best suited for the internees.
However there are some problems which an internee may face in the
organization.
Management of Packages is so busy that it hardly finds leisure
time for the internee. Also there is no incentive for the
internee. Main problems for the internee are that they have no
special programmed them. That is why they do not welcome there
with open time.
There are problem which internee may face but we think the
benefits which an internee may enjoy after completing his
internship from this organization are so much that these problems
seem miner.
So I suggestion the new students should try to inter in the
organization for their internship
CHAPTER V
SWOT ANALYSIS
SWOT Analysis:
SWOT is the abbreviation of four words these are "S" stands for
strength "W" stand for weaknesses "O" stands for opportunities
"T" stands for threats.
Strength and weaknesses are the internal factors of the
organization and these are also known as the micro factors but
the opportunities and threats are the external factors and these
are known as the macro factors. Micro factors are the
controllable factors but the macro factors are uncontrollable.
The easiest way to know about any organization is the SWOT
analysis. So to reveal the hidden factors I did a SWOT analysis
of the Packages.
STRENGTHS
Variety in Products:
Packages has many products for almost all type of customers. So,
it depends on the customer that which product he likes. Its
products include Tea cartons, Ice Cream cartons, Pharmaceutical
packaging, Bulb Cartons, Cigarette Wrapping Material, Cup Labels,
Shell and Slides, Toffee, Bubble and Candy Wrappers etc.
Good Market Share:
Packages has a good worth in printing industry. It has 17% share
in printing market Packages is also well known for his quality
products.
Conveyance Allowance:
Conveyance allowance is given to the all employees. Loans are
provided to the employees to get their own conveyance. Monthly
allowances to employees are also given for maintenance of their
conveyances. Employees who bring their conveyances to the
factory are also given an additional allowance.
Uniform and Locker Facility:
Every worker is provided with two uniforms yearly. They are also
provided with the locker facility. The company also arranges
laundry service. Two soaps are also given to the workers for
maintaining their personal hygiene.
Provident Fund:
Each employee of the organization contributes 10 % of the basic
salary and the company for the provident fund contributes the
same amount. The employees receive this amount at the time of
their retirement or when they leave the organization.
Social Security:
Social Security is applicable to all workers of Packages who are
drawing up to Rs. 1800. Medical facilities are also given to the
employees and their families. Medical facilities are also
available in the factory's premises. Employees receive free
medical treatments from the company's specified clinics and
dispensaries
WEAKNESSES
Lack of Information Literature:
There is lack of information literature about the Packages. There
is no informative book or material in the Packages library fornew comers or internees and it is very difficult for internees to
get accurate and complete information.
Lack of Motivation:There is lack of motivation in to Industrial marketing
Department. The Sales Officers are not as motivated as it should
be. In fact, they have little interest in getting new customers.
Lack of Advertising:An unsound advertising strategy is followed by the Packages. The
advertising budget should be increased and it would be better if
an advertising department is opened.
OPPORTUNITIES
Packages having a great opportunity to emerge as the best
printing industry of the country by giving best possible services
to its customers. The industry sector is improving day by
day.Packages is still working in the corporate sector and it's
missing a big market share. If it enters this market then it can
become the biggest and the most efficient printing industry of
Pakistan.
THREATS
Competitor
:
Packages has the threats from their competitors in the printing
sector, from the Govt, policies and from the current economic
conditions of the country:
The main competitor of Packages in printing sector is ‘The
Reckoner Publications’. Due to the tough competition Packagesis
forced to sanction the products at the reduced rates and other
services at minimized cost this reduces the profit margin which
is a big hurdle in the way of innovation and extended customer
services.
Government Policies:
Other threat which Packages faces is the policies of the
government. Revenue authorities and other concerned authorities
are also a big threat to Packages. The Govt, revises the tax
policies on continuous basis, which often are not in the
interest of the industry
Political Circumstances:
Political conditions in Pakistan have been unstable since a very
long period. Continuous changes of regimes in the political
affairs are great threat towards the healthy growth of the whole
industry.
Trade and Industry Condition:
Sudden rise and fall in the trade and industry conditions and
stock exchange business of the country also adversely affect the
growth of industries. Unemployment, unfavorable balance of trade,
decreased per capita income; inflation and deflation, recession
and boom are the source to the handicapped progress of
industries.
Managerial Policies of Packages:
Another threat to the Packages progress is its own policy.
Packages is not concentrating on improving its overall process.
There is still lack of highly qualified staff in the industry.
And the employees are given promotions on reference basis, which
causes frustration among employees and overall graph of the
performance comes down. So Packages should reconsider their
policies so that the industry may remain in the race.
