accident identification with automatic ambulance rescue

18 8-28 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2020. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Advances in Communication Engineering and Its Innovations

Volume 5 Issue 1

Accident Identification with Automatic Ambulance Rescue System

V.Y.S.S. Sudir Patnaikuni*, Nirupam. G**, Niharika. B**, Chaitanya. A**, Poornima. G**

Assistant Professor*, Students**

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Lendi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jonnada

Corresponding Author’s email id: [email protected]*

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3745896

Abstract

Latterly, accidents are becoming one of the major dread for human beings. In

some accidents, victims are not saved by the response team, which may be

ambulance, police etc., due to lack of information about the location, severity

of the accident (or) some other issues.

Many technologies came into existence but they were unable to resolve the

problem. However this project will give the elucidation to overcome this

difficulty. In this project a central system is used where a vibrator sensor,

GSM (Global System for Mobiles communications), GPS modules are

connected to it. Multiple sensors are placed at different positions of the

vehicle to reduce the errors in detection. After the occurrence of the accident,

vibrator sensor comes into active state and with the help of the central system

GSM ((global System for mobiles), GPS (Global Positioning System) will be

activated. Immediately alert messages will be sent to the response teams,

where live location & severity of the accident will be shared.

Keywords: - Vibrator Sensor, GSM, GPS, Arduino.

Software: Arduino, Proteus.

INTRODUCTION

In day to day lives, the traffic crowd is

becoming much trouble. The main reason

notorious for traffic jams is rise in the

population and advancement of prudence.

So this is leading to the increase of

accidents. In order to control the riff to

prevent accidents on the road several

19 Page 18-28 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2020. All Rights Reserved


Volume 5 Issue 1

technologies came into existence like

embedded monitoring systems

implemented by using either

microcontrollers or Arduino and can be

extended by employing IOT. Various

sensors are available for the accident that

can be done by vibrator sensor. If one

sensor is placed in the vehicle, accuracy in

detection will not be upto the mark. So

multiple sensors will be placed at different

positions of the vehicle when at most

vibration is detected in the vehicle it is an

indication that an accident has occurred.

With the help of the central system GSM

and GPS comes into active state.

GSMsim900A is used to send alert

messages to the contacts saved in the sim

card. GPS is used for sharing the location

of the spot. Alert messages will be like the

vehicle number and location of the place

where the accident occurred. This project

consists of three different units.

Vehicle unit

Ambulance unit

Traffic unit

Ambulance and traffic units are the

existence of the project.

COMPONENTS

1) Arduino UNO:

“UNO” means “one” in Italian.

Arduino Uno belongs to the family of

microcontrollers which is open

sourced. THe board is assembled with

digital and analog, Input and output pins.

14digital I/O pins(0 to 13)

6 analog I/O pins(A0 to A15)

with the Arduino IDE(Integrated

Development Environment) the board can

be programmed. Power can be supplied by

USB cable or by external 9-volts battery.

Thyearduino board is more advantageous

because it can be programmed several

times when compared to a microcontroller

supplying voltage other than 5v or 3.3v

will detour the regulator and fully damage

the board. when 3v supply is given to the

board maximum current draw will be

50MA. To avoid any damage to the

arduino board, more than 40mA should not

be supplied to any I/o pin. Arduino board

provides the leaning for divulging with

another computer, arduino board or other

microcontrollers.

Arduino software (IDE) embodies a serial

monitor which concedes simple textual



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data to and fro from the board. The

transmitter and receiver pins led’s will

spark when data is transmitted to the

board. Instead of physically pressing the

reset button before uploading the code to

the board, the arduino board has the

advantage that it allows it to reset by

software running on any connected

computer. See Figure: 1

2) Vibrator Sensor:

Various types of sensor can be used for the

detection of the accident. However

vibrator sensor is used for detection

because of its accuracy. Other name of

vibrator sensor is piezoelectric sensor.

Vibrator sensor is capable of measuring

the process. This sensor uses the

piezoelectric effect that can measure

acceleration pressure, temperature, force

and electrical charge. This sensor is also

used for desisting fragrances within the air

and capacitance as well.

Fig:1 Arduino UNO



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Fig: 2 Vibrator Sensor

Working Principle:

It is based on mechanical principles for

disclosing observed system vibrations. The

Sensitivity range of these sensors is from

10mv/g to 100mv/g. The sensitivity can be

preferred based on the application. When

the accident ensues, immediately vibrator

sensor comes into the active state, and

when at most vibration is observed, It is a

portent that the accident is accursed.

The vibrator sensor will monotonously

sense for any at most vibration in the

vehicle. With the help of the central

system, the sensed data is given to

GSM,GPSmodules.Vibrator sensor is best

suitable for high frequency vibrations.

Fig:3 Vibrator peak voltage

3) GSM sim900A:

A GSM is a wireless modem that works

with a GSM wireless network. This

wireless modem acts like a dial-up

modem.GSM uses the GPRS(general

packet radio service) for data transmission

like browsing the web. The duct

contrariety between dialup modem and

GSM modem is that a dial-up modem send



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and receives data through a fixed

telephone while a GSM modem send and

receives through radio waves.

Communication can be done through

wired or wireless. Wired is suited for only

short distance information can be sent.

When a USB cable is connected.wireless

communication is possible with the help of

GSM modem. Through GSM messages

can be sent, dialing phone is possible,

signal strength can be monitored, location

of the spot is sent to the contacts obtained

from the GPS. Configuration of GSM is

24mm * 24mm * 3mm sim900A can fit in

almost all the space requirements in user

applications. Input voltage to the GSM

module is 12v - 2Amp. Through AT

commands communication is possible

through AT commands.

Communication between Arduino and

GSM:

Connect RXD of GSM to TXD of

arduino and TXD of GSM to RXD of

arduino.

Connect a working GSM sim card to

the module.

On powering the GSM module the

LED will flash systematically for

successful connection.

Fig: 4 GSM SIM900A



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4) GPS (global positioning system):

GPS helps us to determine the distance

between the two different places and it will

help to guide the route to reach the

destination.

Each GPS satellite will continuously

transfuse a radio signal containing the

prevailing time and date about the

position. The time delay between the

satellite transmitting signal and receiver

signal is proportional to the distance from

the satellite to the receiver. The GPS

receiver continuously monitors the

satellites and gives the position of the

receiver.

GPS is composed of 3 different segments:

1. Space segment

2. Control segment

3. User segment

1. Space segment:

This particular segment is used when

satellite is going to transmit the

information and each satellite will have a

different code for transmitting the

information and GPS modules distinguish

the signals according to the frequencies

and used to calculate the time taken to

travel the distance between satellite and

GPS receiver and the travel time is

multiplied by the speed of light to get the

distance between satellite and receiver.

2. Control segment:

The control segment will identify where

the satellite is and it will help to guide with

the proper orbit and calculates the time

taken by the signal to reach from satellite

to GPS. This particular segment

continuously monitors the shape and

velocity of the satellites. It is an

arrangement of ground stations.

3. User segment:

This system mainly consists of users and

GPS receivers. When the GPS starts

working, it will first download the orbit

information and store the information for

future use. It takes 12.5mins to download

the information. In order to get the exact

location,The distance between satellite and

GPS receiver should be known exactly.

The distance can be calculated by the time

taken by the signal to reach from satellite

to the receiver and the velocity of the

transmitting signal. Velocity of the

transmitted signal will be 18600 miles/sec.



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Fig:5 GPS Module

LCD:

An LCD is an electronic display module

which uses a liquid crystal to produce the

digital image. In this type of LCD each

character is displayed in 5 * 7 pixel matrix.

The LCD 16 * 2 working principle is,it

blocks the light rather than dissipates.

The operating voltage of this LCD is 4.7v-

5.3v.

This 16 * 2 LCD displays have 2 rows

each containing 16 characters.

The display can be shown in either green

or blue color.

The 16 * 2 LCD displays are having 2

registers:

1. Data register

2. Command register

The RS (register select ) is used to change

from one register to another. When the

register set is ‘0’ it is known as a

command register. When the register set

is ‘1’ it is known as the data register.

The advantage of this 16 * 2 LCD is less

power consumption and very low cost. The

particular LCD uses Ac supply with less

than 500 hz frequency.

Fig: 6 LCD Display



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LED Indicator:

Light emitting diodeit emits light when the

current pases through it LED’s are more

advantageous. Because of their low power

consumption,low cost, switching is

fast,duration time is long. LED is used in

the project to indicate that vibrator sensor

starts working immediately after the

accident has occurred.

Fig:7 LED Light

METHODOLOGY:



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Algorithm:

Step 1: Start

Step 2: Accident occurred, Vibration

sensors will give respective value.

Step 3: Case 1: If vib val > threshold

value then the Central system gets

activated.

Case 2: If vib val < threshold value then

no change.

Step 4: If Case 1 occurred:

Central system will activate GPS,

GSM.

Message sent through GSM.

Location is shared to GSM with

help of GPS to the respective

contacts included in firmware.

Step 5: Based on GPS location, the

respective persons reach the location.

Step 6: Stop.

RESULTS:

Thus we have fostered the vehicle unit and

successfully coordinated with the central

system, for establishing communication

between vehicle and response units.

When the accident occurs SMS containing

location will be send immediately to the

emergency contacts using GSM and GPS

modules.

Fig:8 Accident alert message



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Fig: 9 Accident location tracking through GPS

CONCLUSION

In this paper, a peculiar idea is proposed

for sending immediate information to the

response units after the occurrence of the

accident. This can be implemented in

countries with large population can

produce better results. Accident can be

detected with the help of vibrator sensors

connected to the central system. This may

help the save the life of the victim.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank the

anonymous reviewers for their comments

and suggestions to improve the paper.

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Cite this Article as

V.Y.S.S. Sudir Patnaikuni, Nirupam. G,

Niharika. B, Chaitanya. A, Poornima.

G (2020) “Accident Identification with

Automatic Ambulance Rescue

System” Journal of Advances in

Communication Engineering and Its

Innovations, 5(1), 18- 28

http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3745896

accident identification with automatic ambulance rescue

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