Data Gaps in the Nonroad Sector

Mobile Sources Technical Review Subcommittee MeetingApril 2, 2019

David Choi, Office of Transportation and Air QualityU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Recap of MSTRS Meeting on May 22, 2018

￮ Key emissions data and modeling uses￮ Compliance activities￮ Inform regulations and future actions￮ Emission models and inventories

￮ Example of new data approaches￮ Telematics data for onroad vehicles￮ Marine vessel AIS

￮ Data challenges with nonroad sector

2

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

2017 2025 2035

NO

x (U

S Sh

ort T

ons)

Nonroad Diesel

Nonroad Gasoline

Onroad Diesel

Onroad LD Gasoline

Onroad MC Gasoline

Onroad HD Gasoline

Aircraft

Locomotives

C1/C2 Marine

C3 Marine

3

NOx from Mobile Sources

Source: MOVES2014b/NEI2011v6.2

Nonroad becomes increasingly important over time

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

2017 2025 2035

PM2.

5(U

S Sh

ort T

ons)

Nonroad Diesel

Nonroad Gasoline

Onroad Diesel

Onroad LD Gasoline

Onroad MC Gasoline

Onroad HD Gasoline

Aircraft

Locomotives

C1/C2 Marine

C3 Marine

4

PM2.5 from Mobile Sources

Source: MOVES2014b/NEI2011v6.2

Nonroad gasoline becomes the largest contributor in the future

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

2017 2025 2035

VOC

(US

Shor

t Ton

s)Nonroad Diesel

Nonroad Gasoline

Onroad Diesel

Onroad LD Gasoline

Onroad MC Gasoline

Onroad HD Gasoline

Aircraft

Locomotives

C1/C2 Marine

C3 Marine

5

VOC from Mobile Sources

Source: MOVES2014b/NEI2011v6.2

Nonroad gasoline becomes the largest source of VOC in the future

6

EPA’s Efforts to Improve the NONROAD Model

o Motivation: to better characterize the emissions impacts of nonroad sector on air quality

o Released MOVES2014b in summer 2018 that updated engine population growth rates, Tier 4 emission rates/speciation profiles, and diesel fuel sulfur levels

o Develop a new NONROAD model based on real-world data in the next 2+ yearso Prototypes being developed nowo Actively collaborating with other agencies,

industry, and academia to improve the data and science in the model

Tons

/yea

r

Nonroad PM2.5 Inventory2016 Modeling Platform

7

Nonroad Data – Challenges and Opportunities

￮ Challenges￮ Limited availability of equipment population, activity, and

emissions data ￮ Large diversity of equipment types and usage patterns both

within and between equipment categories

￮ Opportunities￮ Broader application of Portable Emissions Measurement

Systems (PEMS)/micro-PEMS to measure emissions and engine load during real-world operations

￮ Increased use of on-board telematics, Portable Activity Measurement Systems (PAMS), and fleet management software to collect real-world activity data

￮ Use of surveys and surrogate data to develop engine population estimates and growth projections

Hours of Operation by a Dozermeasured by PAMS

8

OTAQseek inputMSTRS

innovative ideasnew approaches

improveNONROAD model

ozone

protectPEMS

PAM

S

PM2.5emissions

logg

ing

environment public health

criteria pollutants

transportation

GHG

agriculture

construction

commercial

industrial

lawn and garden

air quality

oil field

recreational

underground mining

pleasure craft

railr

oad

telematics

data

challenges mobile sourcesscie

nce

equipment population

activitygeospatial

temporal

emission rates

speciation

air toxicsfuel

s

engi

ne

usage pattern

real

-wor

ld