汽轮机安装及维护说明书d660f 000105asm cn emanual de instalacion de turbina a vapor...

MANUFACTURER

东方汽轮机有限公司 DONGFANG TURBINE CO.,LTD.

DOCUMENT NO.: (WBA)D660F-000105ASM

REV.: A

DOCUMENT TITLE : INSTALLATION INSTRUCTION OF N660-16.7/538/538 TURBINE PROPER

Date Revision Prepared by Reviewed by Released by

DOC NO. (WBA)D660F-000105ASM

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Document No.: (WBA)D660F-000105ASM Document Title: Installation Instruction of

N660-16.7/538/538 Turbine Proper

换版记录

Revision Record

版本号

Rev No.

日期

Date

换版说明

Description on Revision

A 2011.5

May,2011

首次发布

The first issue



1

目录

Contents

序号

No.

章-节

Chapter

名称

Description

页数

Page

备注

Remarks

1 I 概述

Overview 1

2 II 汽轮机现场安装流程图

Site Turbine Installation Flow Chart 6

3 III 安装程序

Installation Procedure 14

4 III-1

地脚螺栓与基架的安装

Installation of Foundation Bolt and Bed Frame

15

5 III-2 安装低压缸

Installation of Low Pressure Cylinder 20

6 III-3 安装轴承箱

Installation of Bearing Housing 26

7 III-4

安装高中压缸部件

Installation of High and Medium Cylinder Parts

32

8 III-5 汽缸找中（合缸找中）

Cylinder Alignment (Top-On Alignment) 36

9 III-6 汽缸找中（半空缸）

Cylinder Alignment (Half Empty Cylinder) 41

10 III-7 转子找中

Rotor Alignment 45

11 III-8 隔板找中

Diaphragm Alignment 52

12 III-9 隔板找中调整

iaphragm Alignment Adjustment 55



2

序号

No.

章-节

Chapter

名称

Description

页数

Page

备注

Remarks

13 III-10 通流间隙检查

Flow Passage Clearance Check 57

14 III-11 灌浆

Pouring 64

15 III-12 终装配

Final Assembling 67

16 III-13 终找中(HIP/ALP/BLP)

Final Alignment (HIP/ALP/BLP) 74

17 III-14 BLP-GEN 终找中

BLP-GEN Final Alignment 80

18 III-15 BLP/GEN 联轴器的铰孔及珩磨

BLP/GEN Coupling Reaming and Honing 83

19 III-16 全部联轴器螺栓的拧紧

Tightening of ALL Coupling Bolts 88

20 III-17 附件安装

Installation of Accessories 91

21 III-18 油冲洗的准备工作

Preparation Work for Oil Flushing 97

22 III-19 第一次油冲洗

First Oil Flushing 102

23 III-20 第二次油冲洗

Second Oil Flushing 108

24 III-21 轴承复位

Bearing Resetting 112

25 III-22 终（第三次）油冲洗

Final (Third) Oil Flushing 116

26 III-23

蒸汽吹管

Steam Pipe Blowing

118



3

序号

No.

章-节

Chapter

名称

Description

页数

Page

备注

Remarks

27 III-24 蒸汽吹洗后复位

Resetting after Steam Blowing 122

28 附录 1

Appendix 1

T-G 基础预埋件安装手册

T-G Foundation Embedded Parts Installation Manual

129

29 附录 2

Appendix 2

T-G 基础样板安装手册

T-G Foundation Template Installation Manual

153

30 附录 3

Appendix 3

连接低压缸下半与凝汽器的气体保护焊规

程

Regulations of Gas Shielded Welding for Connecting Lower Half of Lower Pressure Cylinder to Condenser

156

31 附录 4

Appendix 4

联合再热阀联接规程

Combined Reheat Valve Connection Regulations

163



Page 1 of 176

I 概述 I. Overview

1 适用范围 1. Scope of application

本说明书仅适用于 D660F 汽轮机的安装及

维护工作。 This instruction manual is only applicable to the installation and maintenance work of D660F turbine.

本说明书仅提供了汽轮机本体及其相关零

部件的安装项目及要求，并没有提供安装

中的常规工序的具体说明（例如：清洗、

切割、紧固螺栓、锁紧垫圈等）。

This instruction manual only provides the installation items and requirements of the turbine proper and its related parts and components and does not provide specific description of the conventional procedures in the installation (e.g. cleaning, cutting, fastening blot, lock washer etc).

本说明书为通用型指导性技术文件，并未

针对某一特定的工程或特定工具。 This instruction manual is a general purpose instructive technical document and is not for a particular project or tool.

在安装工作前，安装人员应认真阅读并熟

悉本说明书内容。 Before installation, the installation personnel shall carefully read and get familiar with the content of this instruction manual.

2 本说明书的使用说明 2. Direction for use of this instruction manual

本说明书包括以下两方面的内容： This instruction manual contains the following two aspects:

⑴ 汽轮机安装流程图 (1) Turbine installation flow chart

本部分给出了现场要进行的汽轮机安装工

作过程。建议将此流程图作为汽轮机现场

安装计划的指导。

This part provides the turbine installation work process to be performed on site. It is recommended that this flow chart be used as the instruction for the turbine installation schedule on site.

⑵ 汽轮机现场安装工序的说明 (2) Description of turbine installation procedure on site

本说明书给出了现场要进行的汽轮机安装

工序的前后顺序及其联系以及安装过程中

必需注意的重点，汽轮机现场安装时应以

本说明书为纲要进行。

This instruction manual provides the site turbine installation sequence and its relation as well as necessary precautions in the installation and the site turbine installation shall be carried out according to this instruction manual.

本说明书详细列出了现场要进行的汽轮机

安装的所有步骤及其详细说明。 This instruction manual lists in detail all steps and descriptions of turbine installation on



Page 2 of 176

site.

本说明书同时给出了一些现场要进行的汽

轮机安装用的数据及与现场安装有关的指

导性说明。

This instruction manual also provides some site turbine installation data and related instructive description for site installation.

3 对检查用工具的要求 3. Requirements for inspection tools

所有在本说明书中提到用于汽轮机现场安

装的测量工具必须进行确认并校正。 All measuring tools mentioned in this instruction manual and to be used in site turbine installation shall be confirmed and calibrated.

4 对记录的基本要求 4. Basic requirement for record

⑴ 汽轮机现场安装的记录按本说明书要

求填写。 (1) The site turbine installation record shall be filled in according to the requirements of this instruction manual.

⑵ 安装记录的内容应满足证明书的要

求。 (2) Content of installation record shall meet the requirements of the certificate.

⑶ 安装记录的数据应在本说明书的允许

范围内（汽轮机现场安装时的常规要求）

或者符合汽轮机现场工程师手册要求（东

汽标准）。

(3) Installation record data shall be in the allowable range of this instruction manual (conventional requirements for site turbine installation) conform to the requirements of the “Manual of Turbine for Site Engineer” (Dongfang Turbine Works Standard).

⑷ 超标的尺寸必须进行复检并在记录中

特殊注明，同时提交东汽质保部门确认。 (4) The over-limit dimension must be rechecked and specially noted in the record and submitted to the Dongfang Turbine Works Quality Assurance Department for confirmation.

⑸ 所有尺寸记录必须由检查人员（质检

员或东汽的监理工程师）签字认可。 (5) All dimension records must be approved by the inspector (quality inspector or Dongfang Turbine Works supervision engineer) for approval.

5 汽轮机现场安装检查过程中的常规要

求 5. Conventional requirements for turbine installation inspection on site

⑴ 禁止现场焊接 (1) Site welding is prohibited

除图纸或本手册要求现场焊接之外，汽轮

机零部件严格禁止在现场焊接（包括战

焊）。

Unless otherwise required in the drawings or this manual, site welding (including spot welding) of turbine parts and components is strictly forbidden.

⑵ 散放部件的保管 (2) Storage of loose parts



Page 3 of 176

因为在汽轮机现场安装时，散放部件已经

去除了制造厂家的防锈保护，所以此时的

散放部件必须做临时防锈处理，并且应存

放于室内。

As loose parts have been removed of the manufacturer’s antirust protection during turbine installation on site, the loose parts in this case must undergo temporarily rust-proofing treatment and be stored indoors.

⑶ 清除部件的防锈保护 (3) Remove parts antirust protection

制造厂交货前的防锈保护分临时防锈保护

和永久性防锈保护，汽轮机现场安装时应

去除制造厂的临时防锈保护。

The antirust protection prior to delivery by the manufacturer is divided into temporary antirust protection and permanent antirust protection, and the manufacturer’s temporary antirust protection should be removed when the turbine is installed on site.

⑷ 拆除包装时的要求 (4) Requirement for package removal

不能拆开在制造厂已经敛缝和锁紧的部件

（如转子等），以及那些已经调整好的独立

部件（如调速器、保安设备等）。

It is not allowed to disassemble the parts (e.g. rotor) already calked and locked in the manufacturer’s factory as well as those adjusted independent parts (e.g. governor, protection equipment etc.)

⑸ 汽轮机现场安装时的保护 (5) Protection in turbine installation on site

汽轮机现场安装时，在非工作时间内应对

已安装好的部件盖上防火板进行保护，以

避免粉尘污染及异物落入。同时，应在水

平中分面垫上橡胶板（或其它类似材料）

以避免在中分面产生严重的划痕（过大的

划痕将导致机组在运行时漏汽）。

When the turbine is installed on site, the installed parts should be covered with fire plate for protection in the non-working hours to avoid dust contamination and foreign matter drop-in. At the same time, rubber plate (or other similar materials) should be inserted into the horizontal joint to avoid serious scratch (excessive scratch will cause the unit to leak in operation).

⑹ 汽轮机现场安装时的防锈措施 (6) Rust preventive measures for turbine installation on site

因为汽轮机现场安装时已经去除了制造厂

对各部件的防锈保护，而有些部件在机组

终安装完成前并不使用（如高中压外缸

及低压外缸上半），因此在现场应对这些部

件做临时防锈处理，避免这些部件生锈。

Since the manufacturer’s antirust protection for all parts has been removed when the turbine is installed on site and some parts (e.g. high and medium outer casing and low pressure outer casing upper half) are not used before completion of final unit installation, these parts should undergo temporary antirust treatment on site.

⑺ 汽轮机现场安装吊装时的注意事项 (7) Precautions for site turbine installation



Page 4 of 176

and lifting

所有部件都设置了起吊用吊耳或起吊螺

孔。所有规格的起吊螺孔都配有相应规格

的起吊螺钉，吊装相应部件时应选用相匹

配的起吊螺钉并应将起吊螺钉完全旋入螺

孔。

All parts are provided with lifting lugs or screws and all sizes of lifting screw holes are provided with corresponding sizes of lifting screws. When lifting the parts, it is necessary to choose matching lifting screws and completely screw in the lifting screws.

当起吊螺钉无法完全旋入螺孔时应对起吊

螺孔重新攻丝。 When the lifting screw can not be completely threaded into the screw hole, the lifting screw hole should be re-tapped.

当起吊螺钉拧紧后不得敲击它以避免引起

变形。有些部件的吊装需要特殊工装（如

转子等）。

The lifting screws, after tightened, should not be knocked, or deformation will be caused. Lifting of some parts (e.g. rotor) need special tooling.

所有部件起吊前应调整好重心并在吊装过

程中始终保持平衡。 Before lifting, all parts should be adjusted for center of gravity and always kept balance during lifting.



Page 5 of 176

Condenser throat flange

Low pressure cylinder steam exhaust port

Weld clearance

安装说明书示例

Example of installation instruction manual

No. 工作内容

Working content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 低压缸安装准备：

1. Preparation for low pressure cylinder installation:

保证基架上表面至凝汽器之

间的高度。检查凝汽器喉部法

兰的平面度及法兰表面至基

架上表面的标高。

Ensure the height between the top surface of bed frame and condenser. Check the condenser throat flange planeness and elevation from the flange surface to the top surface of the bed frame.

2 低压缸下半与基架之间的

接触检查：

2. Contact check between the lower half of the low pressure cylinder and the bed frame:

低压缸下半安装上后检查其

与基架间的接触情况，保证它

们之间接触均匀。

After the lower half of the low pressure cylinder is installed, check its contact with the bed frame and ensure their even contact.

同时，检查……

Also check……

Bed frame

Need check

Condenser throat



Page 6 of 176

II 汽轮机现场安装流程图预埋件安装

·样板检查

浇注运行层混凝土

校正基准点水平 ·汽轮机基础的尺寸记录

·预埋件中埋入管位置和垂直度的记录

·基架水泥墩的垫片及其与基架的接

触的记录

·基架的水平度、接触及间隙的记录

基架的调整

·基架的水平度、接触及间隙的记录

·低压缸垂直接合面间隙的检查记录

·安装低压 A、B 缸的外缸及内缸

·安装蒸汽管道

低压缸的安装

·轴承座找中记录

·轴承装配及轴承球面与轴承座的接触

记录

·低位油管焊缝的着色检查记录

·轴承跨距记录

·低位油管间隙记录

轴承箱的安装

·高中压外缸就位

·高、中压内缸就位

·预找中

·平行度检查记录

·高压主汽调节阀安装记录

·中压联合阀安装记录

高中压缸的安装

·安装上半汽缸（内缸和外缸）

·紧固水平中分面螺栓

·汽缸对中记录（合缸找中）

·M/S、H/R 管道的焊接

·预调整上缸猫爪下的垫板

·猫爪垂弧检查记录

·凝汽器喉部焊接记录

·高压缸安装记录

·数据表格

汽缸找中

汽缸上半解体



Page 7 of 176

II. Site Turbine Installation Flow Chart Installation of embedded

parts

·Template check

Placement of operating floor concrete

Correction of reference point levelness ·Turbine foundation dimension record

·Record of burial pipe position in the embedded parts and perpendicularity ·Record of bed frame concrete pillar gasket and its contact with bed frame ·Record of bed frame levelness, contact and clearance

Adjustment of bed frame

·Record of bed frame levelness, contact and clearance ·Check record of vertical joint face clearance of low pressure cylinder ·Install outer casing and inner casing of low pressure cylinders A and B ·Install steam piping

Installation of low pressure

casing

·Bearing pedestal alignment record ·Record of bearing assembling and contact between bearing spherical surface and bearing pedestal ·Dye penetrant inspection record of low level oil pipe weld ·Bearing span record ·Low level oil pipe clearance record

Installation of bearing housing

·Positioning of high and medium outer casings ·Positioning of high and medium inner casings ·Pre-alignment ·Parallelism check record ·High pressure main steam regulating valve installation record ·Combined reheat valve installation record

Installation of high and

medium cylinders

·Install the upper half casing (inner casing and outer casing) ·Tighten the horizontal joint bolt ·Casing alignment record (top on alignment) ·M/S, H/R pipe welding ·Pre-adjustment of backing plate under the upper casing lug ·Lug sag check record ·Condenser throat welding record ·High pressure cylinder installation record ·Date list

Casing alignment

Disassembling of upper

half casing



Page 8 of 176

·汽缸找中记录（揭缸找中）

·调整下缸猫爪下的调整块

·水平中分面总的水平度和间隙记录

·内缸中分面螺栓完全把紧后间隙记录

·润滑油孔和排油孔尺寸检查

汽缸找中

·轴瓦的接触记录

·轴颈与轴瓦安装记录

·轴颈与轴瓦接触记录

·高中压转子与低压转子挠度记录

·短轴挠度记录

·转子找中记录

·轴颈水平度记录

·高压/低压和低压/发电机转子联轴器

临时对中心

转子对中

·记录隔板底键的间隙及调整量

·隔板找中记录

·隔板悬挂销及轴向定位销销的

间隙记录

隔板找中检查

·隔板中心调整

·调整后隔板中心记录

隔板中心调整

·高中压转子间隙记录（No.1）

·A 低压转子间隙记录（No.2）

·B 低压转子间隙记录（No.3）

·汽封体间隙记录

·汽封圈间隙记录

·主油泵对中记录

·联轴器罩壳间隙记录

·传感器安装记录

·推力轴承安装记录

·推力轴承瓦块尺寸和接触记录

叶轮间隙

· 终灌浆

灌浆



Page 9 of 176

·Cylinder alignment record (top off alignment)

·Adjust the adjusting block under the lower casing lug ·General levelness and clearance record of horizontal joint ·Clearance record of inner casing horizontal joint after complete tightening ·Lube oil hole and oil drain hole dimension check

Cylinder alignment

·Bearing bush contact record ·Journal and bush installation record ·Journal and bush contact record ·High and medium pressure rotor and low pressure rotor deflection record ·Stub shaft deflection record ·Rotor alignment record ·Journal levelness record ·Temporary center alignment of high pressure/low pressure and low pressure/generator rotor coupling

Rotor alignment

·Diaphragm bottom key clearance and adjustingamount record ·Diaphragm alignment record ·Diaphragm suspension pin and axial locating pin clearance record

Diaphragm alignment

check

· Diaphragm center adjustment · Adjusted diaphragm center record

Diaphragm center adjustment

·High and medium pressure rotor clearance record (No.1) ·A low pressure rotor clearance record (No.2) ·B low pressure rotor clearance record (No.3) ·Steam seal body clearance record ·Steam seal ring clearance record ·Main oil pump alignment record ·Coupling hood clearance record ·Sensor installation record ·Thrust bearing installation record ·Thrust bearing pad dimension and contact record

Impeller clearance

·Final grouting

Grouting



Page 10 of 176

·汽缸高温螺栓和主蒸汽进口法兰螺栓紧固记录 ·大气阀安装记录 ·数据表格 ·挡油环安装记录

终安装

·联轴器跳动记录 ·转子找中记录 ·联轴器安装记录（高中压和 A 低压转子间） ·联轴器安装记录（A 低压和 B 低压转子间） ·连接转子联轴器的同心度记录 ·轴颈扬度记录 ·键的安装记录

高压/A、B 低压终对中心

B 低压/发电机终对中心

基准水平度校验

·联轴器安装记录（需要时记录） ·联轴器螺栓加工 ·铰孔螺栓的调整 ·铰孔螺栓的平衡

汽轮机/发电机联轴器铰孔

·联轴器跳动检验 ·转子找中记录 ·联轴器安装记录

高压/A、B 低压和 B低压/发电机联轴器联

接

·联轴器保护罩间隙记录 ·传感器安装记录 ·热电偶的预安装

辅助设备的安装

安装保温层

·拆开轴承 ·配作所有设备的旁路 ·安装冷却管

油冲洗的准备

·进行油冲洗 ·清洗主油箱

初次油冲洗



Page 11 of 176

·Cylinder high temperature bolt and main steam

inlet flange bolt tightening record ·Atmospheric valve installation record ·Data list ·Oil retainer installation record

Final installation

··Coupling runout record ·Rotor alignment record ·Coupling installation record (between high and medium pressure and low pressure rotor A) ·Coupling installation record (low pressure rotor A and low pressure rotor B) ·Concentricity record of rotor connectingcoupling ·Journal uplift record ·Key installation record

High pressure/A, B low pressure final alignment

B low pressure/generator

final alignment

Reference levelness check

·Coupling installation record (recorded if needed) ·Coupling bolt processing ·Fitting bolt adjustment ·Fitting bolt balancing

Turbine/generator coupling

reaming

··Coupling runout check ·Rotor alignment record ·Coupling installation record

High pressure/A, B low pressure and B low

pressure/generator coupling connecting

·Coupling hood clearance record ·Sensor installation record ·Thermocouple pre-installation

Installation of auxiliary equipment

Installation of insulation

layer

·Disassemble bearing ·Configure all equipment bypasses ·Install cooling pipe

Preparation for oil flushing

·Perform oil flushing ·Clean the main oil tank Initial oil flushing



Page 12 of 176

·二次油冲洗

·冲洗记录和判定

第二次油冲洗

·拆除临时管道

·记录油系统孔板尺寸

轴承复位

·注满工作油

·充分进行油循环

· 终油冲洗的准备

· 终油冲洗

终油冲洗

·准备工作

·吹洗主蒸汽管道和蒸汽母管

·蒸汽吹洗的判断标准

蒸汽吹管

·主要阀门螺栓紧固记录

·主要蒸汽管路复原

蒸汽吹管后的复装

基准水平度校验

真空提升试验



Page 13 of 176

·Second oil flushing

·Flushing record and judgment

Second oil flushing

·Remove temporary pipe

·Record oil system orifice dimension

Bearing resetting

·Fill operating oil

·Sufficient oil circulation

·Preparation for final oil flushing

·Final oil flushing

Final oil flushing

·Preparation work

·Blow wash main steam pipe and steam

manifold

·Criteria for steam blow out

Steam pipe blowing

·Main valve bolt tightening record

·Main steam pipe restoration

Reinstallation after

steam pipe blowing

Reference levelness

check

Vacuum lifting test



Page 14 of 176

III 安装程序 III Installation Procedure



Page 15 of 176

III-1 地脚螺栓与基架的安装 III-1 Installation of Foundation Bolt and Bed Frame

一次灌浆结束后进行地脚螺栓及基架的安

装。地脚螺栓及基架安装前应先确认汽轮

发电机组的中心轴线、标高及凝汽器中心

的位置正确。

After the primary grouting is finished, install the foundation bolt and bed frame. Before installing the foundation bolt and bed frame, it is necessary to confirm that that the central axis and elevation of the turbine generator unit and the condenser center position are correct.

安装基架时，基架应由水泥墩支撑，此时

应保证基架与水泥墩贴合紧密、水泥墩与

运行平台一次灌浆层结合牢固。随后安装

基架、低压外缸，再逐渐向发电机侧及前

轴承箱侧扩展，同时安装、调整并预拧紧

地脚螺栓。

When the bed frame is installed, it should be supported by concrete pillar. In this case, it should be ensured that bed frame and concrete pillar are closely joined and the concrete pillar and the operating floor primary grouting layer are firmly combined. Then install the bed frame and low pressure outer casing and gradually extend to the generator side and the front bearing housing side. At the same time, install, adjust and pre-tighten the foundation bolts.

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 确认汽轮发电机组、凝汽器中心线

1. Confirm turbine generator unit, condenser centerline

参照电厂厂房的基准线来确定汽轮发

电机组及凝汽器的中心及标高并用标

记清楚地标出以便于对中。

Determine the center and elevation of the turbine generator unit and condenser with reference to the reference line of the power building and clearly mark them for easy alignment.

2 检查地脚螺栓套筒及埋入件

2. Check foundation bolt sleeve and embedded parts



Page 16 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

在对二次灌浆前进行的基础表面铲毛

前，应按图纸核实所有地脚螺栓及埋件

的位置及数量

Before roughening the foundation surface prior to secondary grouting, check the position and quantity of all foundation bolts and embedded parts against the drawings.

3 二次灌浆前的基础表面铲毛

3. Foundation surface roughening prior secondary grouting

基架的安装位置需要对基础表面进行

铲毛工作。

Bed frame mounting position needs to roughen the foundation surface.

表面铲毛工作应按图纸所标尺寸进行，

并保证不得使基础钢筋露出。

Surface roughening work should be done according to the dimensions shown in the drawings and it should be ensured that foundation reinforcement is not exposed.

表面铲毛工作结束后，沿铲毛面表面切

除地脚螺栓套筒头部。

After surface roughening work is finished, cut off the foundation bolt sleeve head along the roughened surface.

Foundation bolt sleeve

Cut off sleeve head

Roughening surface

depth 20mm

Operating floor platform



Page 17 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

4 基架定位

4. Bed frame positioning

拉琴钢丝标出汽轮发电机组的

中心轴线，并以此为基准定出基

架的位置。

Pull the music wire to mark the central axis of the turbine generator unit based on which to determine the position of the bed frame.

5 调整基架的水平

5. Adjust bed frame levelness

利用基架上所带的调整螺钉调

整基架的水平，然后用地脚螺栓

固定住基架。

Use the adjusting screw provided on the bed frame to adjust the bed frame levelness and then use the foundation bolt to fix the bed frame.

6 浇注水泥墩

6. Place concrete pillar

根据基架及水泥墩之间的距离

用木质的或塑料的模板做出水

泥墩的形状，然后按照水泥材料

的使用性能浇注水泥墩。（注：

正式浇注前应进行试浇注，应满

足《汽轮机及其辅助设备的“基础垫箱”安装规范》的要求）。

According to the distance between bed frame and concrete pillar, use wood or plastic template to make the shape of the concrete pillar and then place the concrete pillar according to the

（汽轮发电机组基架墩所用材料为

MF870C）

Overflow outlet

Bed frame

Placement port

Placement template

Toughened surface

Overflow chute

(The material for the bed frame pillar ofthe turbine generator unit is MF870C)

Steel plate

Foundation bolt

Adjusting screw



Page 18 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

service performance of cement materials. (Note: trial placemetn should be made before formal placement and the requirements of the “”Installation Specification for ‘Foundation Bed Box’ of Turbine and its Auxiliary Equipment” should be met.

7 修正基架用水泥墩

7. Correct concrete pillar for bed frame

在水泥墩完全养护好后，取下基

架及灌浆模板，确认水泥墩已经

与运行层铲毛面紧密结合在一

起。同时检查基架底面与水泥墩

的接触情况，必要时应修整水泥

墩表面使基架与水泥墩接触良

好。

After cement pillar is completely

cured, remove the bed frame and

grouting template and confirm that

concrete pillar is already closed

combined with the operating floor

roughened surface. Also check the

contact between bed frame bottom

surface and concrete pillar and if

necessary, trim the concrete pillar

surface so that the bed frame and

concrete pillar are well contacted.



Page 19 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

8 准备安装低压外缸

8. Prepared to install the low pressure outer casing 取下基架底部的顶起螺钉并按

基架的埋入销装配图重新装好

埋入销，然后固定好灌浆挡板。

Remove the jacking screw at the bottom of the bed frame and re-mount the dowel pin according to the bed frame dowel pin erecting drawing and then fix the grouting baffle. 检查基架上表面至凝汽器喉部

法兰之间的距离、凝汽器喉部法

兰上表面的水平度及标高。

Check the distance from the top surface of the bed frame to the condenser throat and the levelness and elevation of the top surface of the condenser throat flange. 按图示焊好运行层底面露出的

地脚螺栓及螺母，在地脚螺栓顶

端装上起吊螺钉。

Weld the foundation bolts and nuts exposed from the bottom surface of the operating floor as shown and mount the lifting screws to tht top end of the foundation bolts. 9 记录基架的水平度

9. Record bed frame levelness 记录汽轮发电机组所有基架精

确的水平度。

Record the accurate levelness of all bed frames of the turbine generator unit.

Foundation bolt Bed frame

operating floor bolt

spot weld

gasket

Tack welding

Condenser throat

Grouting baffle



Page 20 of 176

III-2 安装低压缸 III-2 Installation of Low Pressure Cylinder

低压缸的安装与凝汽器的安装有着密切

的联系。在安装低压外缸前，凝汽器上

部、壳体及低压加热器必须就位，因为

一旦低压外缸安装好后这些部件将无法

安装。因此，低压缸一定要在这些部件

安装完成后再安装。

The instillation of the low pressure cylinder is closely related to the installation of the condenser. Before the low pressure outer casing is installed, the condenser upper part, shell and low pressure heater must be positioned, because once the low pressure outer casing is installed, these parts can not be installed. Therefore, the low pressure cylinder must be erected after these parts are installed.

安装低压缸时应极其仔细，因为低压缸

的位置是汽轮发电机组找中的基础，一

旦确定后，整个汽轮发电机组的中心线

就随之确定了。

It should be vary careful when erecting the low pressure cylinder, because the position of the low pressure cylinder is the basis of turbine generator unit alignment and once it is determined, the centerline of the whole turbine generator unit is determined accordingly.

因低压外缸是由钢板拼焊而成的，极易

变形，总装时应避免在低压外缸上产生

残余应力。

As the low pressure outer casing is splice-welded from steel plate and tends to deform very easily, residual stress should be avoided on the low pressure outer casing in general assembling.

值得注意的是：在低压外缸上半安装好

并且上半缸已放上时应使低压缸中心与

基础中心一致。

It is noteworthy that when the upper half of the low pressure outer casing is installed and the upper half is placed on, it is necessary to make the low pressure cylinder center consistent with the foundation center.

低压缸就位后的吊装工作应特别小心，

并应按设备的吊装标准进行起吊，特别

注意不要损坏与高压缸的连接部分。

The lifting work subsequent to low pressure cylinder position should be extremely careful and it should be lifted according to the equipment lifting standard. Be very careful not to damage the part of connection to the high pressure cylinder.

常规情况下，机组的前、后、左、右是

以人站在机头侧向机尾为基准定义的。

In normal cases, the unit front, back, right and left are defined by a person standing at the machine head and facing the machine end.



Page 21 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 检查 A、B 低压外缸台板

的接触

1. Check the contact between A and B low pressure outer casing bed plates

低压外缸清理完成后沿汽机

侧依次安装，安装完成后检查

汽缸台板与基架之间的接触

及间隙，确认汽缸台板与基架

接触均匀一致。

The low pressure outer casings, after cleaned, are erected in turn along the turbine side. After installation, check the contact and clearance between casing bed plate and bed frame and confirm that the casing bed plate and bed frame are contacted evenly.

2 安装低压外缸前的准备工

作

2. Preparation work for installation of low pressure outer casing

配键、固定好与凝汽器相连的

连接件、检查油路。

Prepare the key, fix the connecting pieces connected to the condenser and check the oil line.

3 安装 A、B 低压外缸下半

3. Erect lower halves of low pressure outer casings A and B

低压外缸

Low pressure outer casing

水平中分面

Horizontal joint

① 汽机侧低压外缸下半

Lower half of turbine side low pressure outer casing

② 电机侧低压外缸下半

Lower half of motor side low pressure outer casing



Page 22 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

4 分开检查垂直接合面

4. Check the vertical joint face in unbolted condition

在末用螺栓连接的情况下用塞

尺检查低压外缸垂直接合面的

间隙。

Use the feeler gage to check the clearance of low pressure outer casing vertical joint faces in unbolted condition

5 在垂直接合面涂抹亚麻油

5. Apply linseed oil to the vertical joint faces

6 拧紧垂直接合面螺栓

6. Tighten the vertical joint face bolts

水平中分面找完水平后拧紧垂

直接合面螺栓，随后检查汽缸台

板与基架的间隙情况，通过调整

基架与水泥墩之间的垫片消除

基架与汽缸台板之间的间隙。

After the horizontal joint is leveled, tighten the vertical joint face bolts and then check the clearance between casing bed plate and bed frame. By adjusting the shims between bed frame and concrete pillar, eliminate the clearance between bed frame and casing bed plate.

7 安装低压外缸上半

7. Erect the upper half of the low pressure outer casing

将低压外缸上半放在低压外缸

shims

Foundation bolt

L shim clearance

Gasketbolt



Page 23 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

下半上。

Place the upper half of the low pressure outer casing on the lower half of the low pressure outer casing.

8 分开检查低压外缸上半垂直

接合面

8. Check the vertical joint faces of the low pressure outer casing upper half

拧紧水平中分面螺栓然后在末

用螺栓连接的情况下用塞尺检

查低压外缸上半的垂直接合面

的间隙。

Tighten the horizontal joint bolts and, in unbolted condition, use feeler gage to check the clearance of the vertical joint faces of the low pressure outer casing upper half.

9 拧松水平中分面螺栓

9. Back off the horizontal joint bolts

10 分开检查垂直接合面

10. Check the vertical joint face

11 在垂直接合面涂抹亚麻油

11. Apply linseed oil to the vertical joint face

12 拧紧低压外缸上半垂直接

合面螺栓

12. Tighten the vertical joint face bolts of the low pressure outer casing upper half



Page 24 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

低压外缸上半垂直接合面螺栓

终拧紧，割去外缸上半防变形

拉筋，水平中分面螺栓临时拧

紧。

The vertical joint face bolts of the low pressure outer casing upper half are finally tightened, the deformation prevention bracing of the outer casing upper half is cut off and the horizontal joint bolts are temporarily tightened.

13 松开水平中分面螺栓

13. Back off horizontal joint bolts

14 检查水平中分面间隙

14. Check the horizontal joint clearance 松开水平中分面螺栓，检查中分

面间隙，此时中分面间隙应与出

厂状态一致。

Back the horizontal joint bolts and check joint clearance. At this moment, the joint clearance should be the same as delivery state. 15 低压外缸上半解体

15. Disassemble the upper half of the low pressure outer casing

16 安装低压内缸及其定位键

16. Install the low pressure inner casing and its locating key

17 琴钢丝找中

17. Music wire alignment



Page 25 of 176

Contact check Clearance check Clearance check (vertical joint face)

Clearance check (horizontal joint face)

Foundation

Welding clearance

Low pressure exhaust port

Condenser flange

Contact check Clearance check

Unbolted check

Mot

or s

ide

Tur

bine

sid

e

Foundation



Page 26 of 176

III-3 安装轴承箱 III-3 Installation of Bearing Housing

低压缸就位（盖缸情况），在用琴钢丝找中

完成后开始安装中间轴承箱，之后安装前

轴承箱（中间轴承箱的安装方法参见前轴

承箱的安装方法）。

After the low pressure cylinder is positioned (top on) and music wire alignment is finished, start to install the intermediate bearing housing and then install the front bearing housing (For the installation method of the intermediate bearing housing, refer to the installation method of the front bearing housing).

按安装要求配好滑销系统的滑块与滑块槽

的接触及间隙，保证高中压缸与前轴承箱

连接后前轴承箱能随高中压缸膨胀自由滑

动。

Adjust the contact and clearance between the sliding pin system sliding block and sliding block groove according to the installation requirement and ensure that the front bearing housing can slide freely with the expansion of the high and medium cylinders after the high and medium pressure cylinders are connected to the front bearing housing.

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 安装前轴承箱油管的密封

件

1. Install the seal parts of the front bearing housing oil pipe

按图安装好前轴承箱排油管法

兰与密封环一起安装在基架

上。

Install the front bearing housing oil discharge pipe according to the drawing and install the flange and seal ring together on the bed frame.

2 前轴承箱的安装准备工作

步骤如下：

2. Preparation work procedure for installation of front bearing housing is as follows:

重新安装滑块，配键、拧紧地



Page 27 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks脚螺栓、压紧基架。拆除前轴

承箱盖，将前轴承箱内的调节

部件装回原位。

Reinstall the sliding bock and key, tighten the foundation bolt and hold down the bed frame. Remove the front bearing housing cover and install the adjusting part in the front bearing housing to the original position.

3 前轴承箱接触检查

3. Front bearing housing contact check

将前轴承箱放在基架上，检查

前轴承箱滑块的接触情况和水

平中分面的水平度。

Put the front bearing housing on the bed frame and check the contact of the front bearing housing sliding block and the horizontal joint levelness.

4 调整基架的高度

4. Adjust the bed frame height

以低压缸中心线（盖缸情况下）

为基准通过在基架与水泥墩之

间加减垫片来调整前轴承箱标

高。

With the low pressure cylinder centerline (top on) as reference, add or remove shims between bed frame and concrete pillar to adjust the front bearing housing elevation.

5 调整前轴承箱

Shim



Page 28 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

5. Adjust the front bearing housing

沿已经确定的中心线将好前轴

承箱轴向定位。并以低压部件

所确定的中心按图纸要求调整

前轴承箱位置。

Axially position the front bearing housing along the determined centerline. Adjust the front bearing housing position based on the center determined with the low pressure parts according to the drawing.

6 前轴承箱的安装

6. Install the front bearing housing

确认前轴承箱油管周围的间隙

和键与键槽之间的间隙，以免

前箱前后、左右移动发生干涉，

然后装上前轴承箱压板。

Confirm the clearance around the front bearing housing oil pipe and the clearance between the key and keyway to prevent interference due to front and back and right and left movement of the front bearing housing. Then install the front bearing housing hold-down plate.

7 检查前轴承箱内的调节部

件

7. Check the adjusting parts in the front bearing housing

因为前轴承箱盖直到总装结束



Page 29 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks才盖上，所以必需仔细检查并

保护前轴承箱内的调节部件，

箱内的管口要封住。

As the front bearing housing cover is not put on until the general assembling is finished, it is necessary to carefully check and protect the adjusting parts in the front bearing housing and the pipe openings in the housing should be sealed.

8 安装轴承箱内的油管路

8. Install the oil piping in the bearing housing

在焊接和油漆管道时应将管子

固定。

Fix the pipe when welding and painting the pipes.

9 固定前轴承箱

9. Fix the front bearing housing

在安装高中压外缸前利用基架

两侧的临时支撑螺栓牢固地固

定前轴承箱，防止安装高中压

外缸时前轴承箱移位。

Before installing the high and medium pressure outer casings, use the temporary supporting bolts on the two sides of the bed frame to firmly fix the front bearing housing to prevent its shift when the high and medium pressure outer casings are installed.

10 调整前轴承箱压板垫片

10. Adjust the front bearing housing hold-down plate gasket



Page 30 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

调整前轴承箱压板下的垫片，

以保证前轴承箱可以沿轴向自

由移动且不会倾斜。

Adjust the gaskets under the front bearing housing hold-down plate to ensure that the front bearing housing can freely move axially and is not inclined.



Page 31 of 176

#3 bearing center

Front (turbine side)

Front bearing housing

#1 bearing center

Music wire #2 bearing center

Span

Bed frame

Seal ring Main oil pump inlet oil pipe

Bolt

Plate Fixing bolt

Center key

Hold down plate

Gasket Temporary supporting bolt

Support column

Bed frame

Gasket

Supporting pillar



Page 32 of 176

III-4 安装高中压缸部件 III-4 Installation of High and Medium Cylinder Parts

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 高中压外缸下半翻身

1. Turnover of the lower half of high and medium outer casings

清洗完高中压外缸下半猫爪后，

将高中压外缸下半翻身。

After cleaning the high and medium outer casing lower half lugs, turn over the lower half of the high and medium outer casings.

2 高中压外缸下半的安装准备

2. Installation preparation of high and medium pressure outer casing lower halves

1）准备高中压外缸下半用的支

撑键、纵向键和汽缸与轴承箱的

连接螺栓。

1) Prepare the supporting key and longitudinal key and used for the lower half of high and medium outer casings and the connecting bolts between the casings and bearing housings.

2）准备汽缸起吊工具。

2) Prepare the casing lifting tools.

3 安装高中压外缸下半

3. Install the lower halves of high and medium pressure outer casings

4 安装高压内缸、中压内缸及

汽封体



Page 33 of 176

No. 工作内容

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记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

4. Install the high pressure inner casing, medium pressure inner casing and steam seal body

安装汽封体及高、中压内缸。

Install the steam seal body and high and medium pressure inner casings.

测量高、中压缸中分面水平。

Measure the high and medium cylinder joint levelness.

5 高中压缸下半临时支撑后找

中

5. Alignment after temporary supporting of high and medium pressure cylinder lower halves

从1号到6号每个轴承均应用琴

钢丝找中定位，并且每个轴承要

检查两次。

Align and position each of #1~#6 bearings with music wire and check each bearing twice.

6 安装高、中压内缸

6. Install high and medium pressure inner casings

拧紧高、中压内缸及汽封体连接

螺栓后检查中分面，确保中分面

没有间隙。

Tighten high, medium pressure inner casings and steam seal body connecting bolts and then check the horizontal joint to ensure that no clearance exists at the joint.



Page 34 of 176

No.

工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

7 安装高中压外缸上半

7. Install the high and medium outer casing upper halves

带上高中压外缸中分面螺栓，检

查自由状态时水平中分面的间

隙。将中分面螺栓隔一只拧紧一

只，检查水平中分面间隙。

Insert the high and medium pressure outer casing joint bolts and check the clearance of the horizontal joint in free state. Tighten every other joint bolt and check the horizontal joint clearance.

8 汽缸初找中

8. Preliminary cylinder alignment

以低压缸中心为基准，对高中压

缸两端的汽封洼窝处找中。

With the low pressure cylinder as the reference, align the steam seal bore at the two ends of the high and medium cylinders.

9 复核

9. Recheck

检查汽缸猫爪处键的接触情况，

检查高中压缸与轴承箱的垂直

度及平行度。

Check the contact of the key at the casing lug and check the perpendicularity and parallelism between high and medium pressure cylinders and bearing housing.



Page 35 of 176

Casing paw Upper half of HP&IP outer casing


Tops-on key

Front thrust key

Zero

Safety key

Lower half of HP&IP outer casing

Thrust key

Tops-off key Straight edge

Check parallelism

Bolts with ● marks shall be tacked

Casing paw



Page 36 of 176

III-5 汽缸找中（合缸找中） III-5 Cylinder Alignment (Top-On Alignment)

所有汽缸安装完成后进行找中。 All cylinders are aligned after installed.

安装琴钢丝以便找中。 Install the music wire for alignment.

在找中期内应保持汽缸及周围环境处于稳

定的状态，因为任何变化都会对找中产生

影响。

During alignment, maintain the cylinders and surrounding environment in stable condition, because any change may affect alignment.

找中过程中应避免琴钢丝受振动。 During alignment, avoid vibration of music wire.

所有找中工作应由同一人完成以避免人为

误差。 All aligning works should be done by one person to avoid human error.

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Work content

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 找中前的准备

1. Preparation for alignment

找中前水平中分面应按隔两个

螺孔安装一个螺栓的方法安装

中分面螺栓，以保证消除中分面

间隙。在猫爪附近应装上所有的

螺栓。

Before alignment, install the joint bolts, every three holes, to ensure that the joint clearance is eliminated. Install all bolts near the lug.

在这些螺栓拧紧后，高中压缸应

由上猫爪支撑。

After these bolts are tightened, the high and medium pressure cylinders should be supported by the upper lug.

2 安装琴钢丝

2. Install the music wire

确定好 3 号和 6 号轴承的位置



Page 37 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Work content

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

后，沿此中心从前轴承箱后部至

6#轴承安装琴钢丝，所有应检测

的位置上的测量尺寸应检查两

遍。

Determine the positions of #3 and #6 bearings and then install the music wire along this center from behind the front bearing housing to #6 bearing. Check twice the measuring dimensions of all the positions that should be checked.

3 复检琴钢丝

3. Recheck the music wire

再次确认琴钢丝,复检所有应检

测位置上的测量尺寸两遍。

Confirm the music wire again and recheck twice the measuring dimensions of the positions that should be checked.

4 找中记录

4. Alignment record

分别测量各测点的与琴钢

丝之间的距离，并将此数据及其

位置记录在证明书上。

Measure the distance between respective measuring points and the music wire respectively and record the data and positions in the certificate.

5 核实汽缸位置

5. Verify the cylinder position

检查汽缸中分面水平度并与出

厂的证明文件进行对比，确定汽

缸安装状态是否合适。确认汽缸



Page 38 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Work content

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

水平中分面粗糙度合格。

Check the cylinder horizontal joint levelness and compare it with the factory documentary evidence to determine whether the cylinder installation state is appropriate. Confirm that the cylinder horizontal joint coarseness is acceptable.

6 确定汽缸位置

6. Determine the cylinder position

当发现机组高中压部分中心不

准时应通过调整前轴承箱基架

下的垫片来找正。之后应重复第

4、5、6 项工作。

When the center of the unit high and medium pressure parts is found inaccurate, adjust the shims under the front bearing housing bed frame for alignment. Then repeat above 4, 5 and 6.

7 汽缸找中完成

7. Complete cylinder alignment

安装好琴钢丝，在应测量位置对

每个应测数据测量两次，并按要

求记录。

Install the music wire and measure twice each data to be measured at the measuring positions and record them as required.

8 猫爪的垂弧记录

8. Lug sagging record

汽缸找正完成后检查猫爪的垂



Page 39 of 176

No. 工作内容

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记录

Work content

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

弧。

After cylinder alignment is completed, check lug sagging

9 配装低压缸两端的纵向键

9. Install the longitudinal key at the two ends of the low pressure cylinder

将低压外缸前后的纵向键槽板

与纵向键的间隙调整到左右相

等后，将纵向键槽板焊上。安装

上调整垫片并配准间隙然后装

上止动盖板。

Adjust the clearance between longitudinal keyway plate before and after the low pressure outer casing and the longitudinal key to be left and right equal and weld the longitudinal keyway plate. Install adjusting shims and accurately adjust the clearance. Then install the lock cover plate.

10 汽缸上半解体。

10. Disassemble the cylinder upper half

Key gap



Page 40 of 176

汽轮机找中示意图

Turbine Alignment Sketch

汽轮机准确的找中按主机证明书进行。

Accurate turbine alignment is performed according to the main machine certificate.



Page 41 of 176

III-6 汽缸找中（半空缸） III-6 Cylinder Alignment (Half Empty Cylinder)

所有汽缸下半就位后，将相应管道及阀门

接口焊好，并焊好低压缸与凝汽器的连接

部位。应注意的是焊接时将产生焊接变形。

After all cylinder lower halves are positioned, weld the connection between corresponding pipes and valves and weld the connecting positions between low pressure cylinder and condenser. It should be noted that welding deformation will occur during welding.

拆除汽缸上半后进行半空缸找中，并确认

合缸找中与半空缸找中的差异应在允许范

围内。

After the cylinder upper half is removed, carry out half empty cylinder alignment and confirm that the difference between top-on alignment and half empty cylinder alignment is in the allowable range.

No. 工作内容

Work strip

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 合缸找中的检查

1. Check of top-on alignment

完成汽缸与相应管道、阀门及凝

汽器的连接后，采用琴钢丝找

中，对比这些管道、阀门及凝汽

器安装前与安装后找中值的差

异，并记录在找中卡上。

After cylinder and corresponding pipe and valve and condenser are connected, use the music wire to align. Compare the difference of these pipes, valves and condenser before and after installation and record it in the alignment card.

2 找中的修正

2. Alignment correction

为减小差异，可以敲击焊接部

位，必要时可割下管道进行修

正。（注意：不得调整琴钢丝）

To reduce difference, you can knock the welded position and if

（汽轮机低压排汽部分与凝汽器的

联接部分应采用气体保护电弧焊）

(The connection part between turbine low pressure exhaust port and condenser should be welded using the shielded arc welding method).

LP exhaust casing

Backing strip

Condenser throat

Inside

Outside



Page 42 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work strip

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

necessary, cut off the pipe for correction (note: do not adjust the music wire).

3 更换键

3. Replace the key

为拆开高中压缸，应先装上高中

压缸下半猫爪与前轴承箱之间

的支撑键，并取出高中压缸上半

猫爪下的键。在进行此项工作时

必须按照上述过程进行，不允许

出现差异。

To disassemble high and medium pressure cylinders, first install the supporting key between the high and medium pressure cylinder lower half lugs and the front bearing housing and take out the key under the high and medium pressure cylinder upper half lugs. While this work must be carried out according to the above procedure and no difference is allowed.

4 拆除汽缸上半

4. Remove cylinder upper half

在找中得到认可并完成后，拆除

中分面螺栓。

After alignment is approved and completed, remove the joint bolts.



Page 43 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work strip

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

测量内外缸水平中分面的间隙

（此间隙值为汽缸水平中分面

终间隙值）。

Measure the clearance of horizontal joint of inner and outer casings (this clearance value is the final clearance value of the casing horizontal joint).

5 水平中分面的水平度检查

5. Levelness check of horizontal joint

检查高中压缸及低压缸中分面

的轴向水平。测量工具应采用

口尺和水平仪（此数据为汽缸中

分面水平度的终数据）。

Check the axial level of the high and medium cylinder and low cylinder joint. Measuring tools should be edge ruler and level meter (this data is the final data of the cylinder horizontal levelness).

6 揭缸找中

6. Top off alignment

确认揭缸找中的数据在主机证

明书规定的允差范围内。

Confirm that top-off alignment data is in the allowable range specified in the machine certificate.

7 合缸找中与揭缸找中的考核

7. Evaluation for top-on alignment and top-off alignment



Page 44 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work strip

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

合缸找中的数据与揭缸找中的

数据的差异应在允许的范围内。

The difference between top-on alignment data and top-off alignment data is in the allowable range.

8 终的揭缸找中

8. Final top-off alignment

记录并保存揭缸找中的数据。

Record and store top-off alignment data.



Page 45 of 176

III-7 转子找中 III-7 Rotor Alignment

在完成了汽缸找中（合缸找中及揭缸找中）

后，用汽轮机转子代替琴钢丝，并开始转

子找中。

After cylinder alignment (to-on alignment and top-off alignment) is completed, use the turbine rotor to replace music wire and start rotor alignment.

因为转子找中及调整在支持轴承上完成，

所以轴承巴氏合金表面应经彻底清洗，在

轴承巴氏合金表面上不允许有伤痕或刮

伤。

As rotor alignment and adjustment are completed on the supporting bearing, the bearing babbit metal surface should be thoroughly cleaned and no scratch and scar is allowed on the bearing babbit metal surface.

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 轴承的安装

1. Bearing installation

安装 1#～6#轴承，检查每个轴

承的接触和间隙，并给每个轴

承供透平油，以检查每个轴承

的进油及排油位置是否正确。

Install #1~#6 bearings, check contact and clearance of each bearing and supply turbine oil to each bearing to check whether oil feed and discharge positions of each bearing are correct.

2 起吊转子

2. Lift the rotor

转子应慢慢吊起并始终保持转

子的水平状态。

The rotor should be slowly lifted up and always kept level.

在任何情况下钢绳套索及吊装

位置应按图纸规定型式同时钢

绳位置也应按图纸表示位置进

行，不能随意改变。

In any case wire rope sling and lifting position should meet the

Turbine side

Generator side



Page 46 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarksregulations of the drawings and wire rope position also should conform to the drawings and should not be changed at will.

钢丝绳不得磕碰其它的部件，

以免碰伤重要的转动部位。

Wire rope should collide with other parts to avoid damaging important rotation positions.

起吊转子时应采用转子起吊工

具使转子吊装时呈水平状态。

Rotor should be lifted with the lifting tool so that the rotor is in level state.

将转子放入汽缸中并由轴承支

撑。

Put the rotor in the cylinder and support it with bearings.

3 安装轴承上半

3. Install the upper bearing half

检查转子轴颈及轴承巴氏合金

面的平行度，检查轴颈和轴瓦

的油隙和装配。

Check the parallelism of rotor journal and bearing babbit metal surface and check play between journal and bush and their assembling.

拧紧轴承及轴承盖螺栓。

Tighten bearing and bearing cover bolts.

4 检查转子中心的位置

4. Check the rotor center position



Page 47 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

检查转子在每一轴承挡油环处

的位置，并将检查结果与证明

书对照。

Check the position of the rotor at each bearing oil retainer and compare the check result with the certificate.

5 校正转子位置

5. Correct the rotor position

当轴承位置需要调整时，先吊

起转子，然后调整轴瓦套下面

的垫块。

When the bearing position needs adjustment, first lift the rotor and then adjust the cushion block under the bearing bush sleeve.

同时确认垫块接触良好及轴承

供油、回油位置的正确性。

At the same time, confirm that the cushion block is well contacted and bearing oil supply and return positions are correct.



Page 48 of 176

Bearing top clearance (lead wite check)

Area “a” detail

Oil gap

Shim

Shim

Bearing holddown bolt Location of pad

Measure face of bearing

Bearing assembly

Pad face adjustment

Lubricating hole

Pad

Pad clamping bolt

Width of contact

Contact check with journal to bearing

Upper casing

1# bearing

Lower casing

Rotor position check

LeftRight

Micrometer measurement

Straight edge



Page 49 of 176

Dial indicator

Turbine rotor end Generator rotor end

Dolly bar Temporary bolt

Coupling alignment check

Measuring points

Upper coupling guard

Temporary bolt

Turbine rotor

Turbine rotor end Generator rotor end

Generator rotor

Dial indicator

Turbine side

Lower coupling guard

Coupling guard

Coupling run-out check

Oil deflector



Page 50 of 176

位置

Position

左

Left

上

Top

右

Right

下

Bottom

1

2

3

4

总计

Total

平均

Average

注： Note:

1）单位为：mm； 1) Unit: mm;

2）圆周跳动测量用百分表，端面检查用

内径千分表； 2) Circumferential runout is measured with dial indicator and end face is checked with inside micrometer;

3） “左”、“右”是以站在汽轮机前轴承箱前

向发电机端看时观测者的左、右手方向来

定义的；

3) “Left” and “right” are defined by the left and right hand directions of the observer who stands in front of the turbine front bearing housing and looks at the generator end;

4）百分装在汽机侧的转子上。 4) Dial indicator is installed on the turbine side rotor.

Face Periphery

T

L R

B

T

L R

B



Page 51 of 176

每根转子都应测量圆度和跳动度，并且

每个位置应沿圆周方向测量四点（相邻

两点间隔 90°）。

Each rotor should be measured for roundness and runout and four points should be measured at each position in the circumferential direction (90 apart for two adjacent points).

Coupling bolt Dial indicator

Rod

Jack bolt



Page 52 of 176

III-8 隔板找中 III-8 Diaphragm Alignment

转子位置检查和联轴器初步找中结束后，

装配隔板并进行隔板找中。 After rotor position check and preliminary coupling alignment are completed, install and align the diaphragm.

隔板找中时应在各个汽缸中找一个较短的

基准线作为基准。 During diaphragm alignment, find a relatively short reference line in each cylinder as reference.

隔板找中的位置应与转子找中检查的位置

相同。 The position for diaphragm alignment is the same as that for rotor alignment check.

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 安装琴钢丝

1. Install the music wire

在 1#与 2#挡油环、3#与 4#轴承、

5#与 6#轴承之间架设一根琴钢

丝作为高中压缸及 A、B 低压缸

找中的中心线。

Erect a music wire between #1 and #2 oil retainers, #3 and #4 bearings, and #5 and #6 bearings as the centerline for alignment of high and medium pressure cylinders and low pressure cylinders A and B.

2 隔板找中

2. Diaphragm alignment

检查并记录下隔板找中（对于基

准线）的读数，检查方法和汽缸

找中方法相同。

Check and record the lower diaphragm alignment (for reference line) reading. The check method is the same as cylinder aligning method.

所有隔板应找中到公差范围之

Bottom key

Lead wire

Support bar



Page 53 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

内。

All diaphragms should be aligned into the tolerance range.

3 汽封体中心线的检查

3. Steam seal body centerline check

检查每一汽封体中心线的找中

情况。

Check the alignment of each steam seal body centerline.



Page 54 of 176

External ring of diaphram

Internal ring of diaphram

Gland seal groove

Piano wire

Micrometer measurement

Straight edge

Bottom key

Alignment of diaphram Upper half casing Upper half diaphram

Gap

Spacer

Support bar

Adjusting shim Lower half casing

Lower half diaphram

Support bar (Above “a” detail)

Steam-tight face Centering pin

Steam

Diaphragm

Top gland seal

Guide vane

Take measurement

Gland casing

Gland casing


Installation of gland casing



Page 55 of 176

III-9 隔板找中调整 III-9 Diaphragm Alignment Adjustment

隔板找中是在半缸情况下进行的，但需注

意的是在此情况下是无汽缸上半重量的情

况，因此隔板中心位置必需调整，以补偿

位置取代设计位置。

Diaphragm alignment is carried out in half cylinder but it should be noted that in this case the weight of the upper cylinder half does not exist. Therefore diaphragm center position must be adjusted to substitute the design position with the compensation position.

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 调整的原则

1. Adjustment principle

1-1 高中压部分应采用对下缸

猫爪下的垫片进行调整，用该垫

片支承外缸下半。

1-1 For the high and medium pressure parts, adjust the shims under the lower casing lug and use this shim to support the lower half of the outer casing.

1-2 低压部分采用对支承垫片

进行调整，用该垫片支承内缸下

半。

1-2 For the low pressure part, adjust the supporting shim and use this shim to support the lower half of the inner casing.

2 再次检查隔板位置并确认已

对设计位置作了补偿。

2. Check again the diaphragm position and confirm that the design position has been compensated.

Shim



Page 56 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

3 隔板找中的再调整

3. Re-adjustment of diaphragm alignment

如需进行再找中时做此项工作。

This work is done if re-alignment is needed.



Page 57 of 176

III-10 通流间隙检查 III-10 Flow Passage Clearance Check

在完成转子位置检查和预找中工作之后，

测量转子和静子间的间隙，转子和静子在

实际运行时是不能接触的。

After rotor position check and re-alignment are finished, measure the clearance between the rotor and the stator which can not contact each other in actual operation.

有三类间隙即轴向间隙、径向间隙和汽封

的轴向间隙，每种间隙均需正确和精密地

测得。

There are three types of clearances, i.e. axial clearance, radial clearance and steam seal axial clearance, and each type of clearance needs to be obtained correctly and precisely.

这三种间隙测量后应报告给东汽质检员批

准。 These three types of clearances, after measured, should be reported to the Dongfang Turbine Works quality inspector for approval.

在做间隙测量时应注意下列各点： The following points should be noted in clearance measurement:

1 在推力轴承的轴向定位键装配好后才

能测量轴向间隙； 1. The axial clearance can not be measured until the axial locating key of the thrust bearing is fitted;

2 因为转子被装在窄小的空间或各级隔

板之间，所以保持精确的水平和位置（在

轴向和径向上）是至关重要的。

2. As the rotor is installed in narrow and small space or between diaphragm sets, it is critical to maintain accurate levelness and position (axial and radial).

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 测量转子间隙的准备

1. Preparation for rotor clearance measurement

准备好斜度塞尺，并使塞尺和各

隔板接触面保持适当接触。

Prepare slope feeler gage and keep the feeler gage and diaphragm contact surfaces in proper contact.



Page 58 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

2 推力轴承

2. Thrust bearing

装配推力轴承并测量贴合和间

隙。将轴承下半保留在装配位置

以便转子吊装。

Assemble the thrust bearing and measure joint and clearance. Leave the lower bearing half at the assembling position for rotor lifting.

3 调整转子位置

3. Adjust rotor position

将转子向前推，直到推力轴承的

允许位置。转动转子使装配标记

到达左侧，并高出水平中分面

50mm 的位置。

Push forward the rotor till the allowable position of the thrust bearing. Rotate the rotor to have the assembling mark reach the left position 50mm higher than the horizontal joint.

4 轴向间隙测量

4. Measurement of axial clearance

用斜度塞尺测量所有各级的轴

向间隙不准遗漏，全部间隙测量

须进行两次以确保数据可靠。

Use the slope feeler gage to measure the axial clearance of all stages without omission. All clearances should be measured twice to ensure data reliability.



Page 59 of 176

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

5 转动转子测量间隙

5. Rotate the rotor to measure clearance

将转子转到”0”位，装配标记变

成和左侧水平中分面相同的位

置，然后转子每转 90°测量一次

间隙”N”。

Rotate the rotor to zero position so that the assembling mark is in the same position as the left horizontal joint, and then measure clearance “N” each time turn the rotor for 90.

对于低压末级叶片测量导叶和

叶片顶部之间的间隙。

For the low pressure exhaust stage blade, measure the clearance between guide vane and blade top.

6 汽封轴向间隙的测量

6. Measurement of steam seal axial clearance

测量汽封长齿于轴向的位置，测

量汽封每一个长齿和相应处转

子凸台端面的间隙，并将测量结

果记录下来。

Measure the axial position of the steam seal long tooth, measure the clearance between each long tooth of the steam seal and the end face of the rotor boss at the corresponding position and record the measuring result.

Diaphra

“a” detail Front side

Rotor Rear side

Gland seal

Casing



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参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

7 径向间隙和其它间隙的测量

7. Measurement of axial clearance and other clearance

测量图纸规定的径向间隙和其

它间隙。

Measure the axial clearance and other clearance specified in the drawings.

8 转子起吊

8. Rotor lifting

将推力轴承和各支持轴承的上

半拆掉并吊起转子，转子应慢慢

吊起并保持转子的水平状态。

Remove the thrust bearing and the upper halves of all supporting bearings and lift up the rotor slowly and maintain its levelness.

在任何情况下，钢绳套索应选用

图纸规定型号，同时钢绳位置也

应按图示位置进行，不能随意改

变，钢绳不能触碰其零部件，以

免碰伤重要的转动部件。

In any case wire rope sling should be the type specified in the drawing and its position should be the same as shown in the drawing and should not be changed at will. The wire rope should not touch its parts and components to avoid bruise of important rotating parts.



Page 61 of 176

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9 汽封圈下半的安装和测量准

备

9. Preparation for installation and measurement of the lower half of steam steal ring

安装下半汽封圈，用工艺块将它

推向排汽方向的接触面，同时用

楔块从右端和左端将汽封弧段

固定，使之不会下沉。

Install the lower half of the steam seal ring and use the process block to push it to the contact surface in exhaust direction. At the same time, use wedge block to fix the arc section of the steam seal from the right and left so that it will not sink.

10 底部压铅丝测量间隙

10. Lead wire clearance measurement at the bottom

沿轴向在所有隔板下半上放置

铅丝，在各径向汽封片上也放置

铅丝，将转子吊放其上，测量间

隙，方法是测量各段铅丝的挤压

后厚度。

Place lead wire on all the lower diaphragm halves in the axial direction and also place lead wire on all radial labyrinth strips. Lift the rotor onto it and measure the clearance by measuring the compressed thickness of all lead wires.

11 上部压铅丝测量间隙

11. Lead wire clearance

Packing segment

WedgeWedge

Lead wire

Steam-tight surface

Diaphragm Spring



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measurement in the upper part

转子吊放好后，将汽封圈安装并

固定到隔板上半上，方法和安装

下半汽封圈相同，将每副隔板的

上半装到其下半上，并测量间隙

方法是测量各段铅丝的挤压后

的厚度。

After the rotor is placed, install and fix the steam seal ring to the upper diaphragm half and the method is the same as installing the lower half steam seal ring. Install the upper half of each pair of diaphragms onto their lower half and measure the clearance by measuring the compressed thickness of all lead wires.

12 记录间隙

12. Clearance recording

将每一汽封处的顶部、底部、右

和左侧的间隙量记录到间隙表

中，将其它间隙记录在记录纸

上。

Record the top, bottom, right and left clearances at each steam seal in the clearance table and record other clearances in the record paper.

将这些记录发给东汽供批准。

Send these records to Dongfang Turbine Works for approval.



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13 主油泵就位

13. Positioning of main oil pump

测量主油泵的各间隙并进行调

整，然后打入定位销，固定主油

泵的位置。

Measure and adjust all clearances of the main oil pump and then drive in the locating pin to fix the position of the main oil pump.

14 危急遮断器就位

14. Positioning of emergency governor

测量各动作部件间的间隙并

终固定危急遮断器。

Measure the clearance between all moving parts and finally fix the emergency governor.



Page 64 of 176

III-11 灌浆 III-11 Grouting

在灌浆前，仔细清理基础的顶部、喷淋水，

使基础充分潮湿，浇灌工作开始后，需连

续工作直到浇灌完毕。尤需指出的是，前

轴承箱基架下面的空间特别难浇灌，因此

浇灌工作应特别谨慎从事，以确保灰浆充

满其下的空间。

Before grouting, carefully clean up foundation top and spray water to the foundation. When grouting work starts, it is necessary to work continuously until grouting is finished. It should be particularly pointed out that it is extremely difficult to grout the space under the front bearing housing bed frame and therefore grouting work should be done with spare caution to ensure the space is full of mortar.

为此应特别注意灰浆的混合比例，特别是

水的比例。 For this reason, pay special attention to mixing ratio of the mortar and especially water proportion.

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Remarks

1 安装基础挡板

1. Installation of foundation retaining plate

经找中安放基础挡板，露出钢

筋并与挡板焊牢在一起以免灌

浆时挡板移动。此外，必须切

掉并磨平支撑柱，以免它们暴

露于灌浆表面之外，但对发电

机的支撑柱则不能切掉，因为

在调整和对中后，它们将被移

走。

Align and install the foundation retaining plate and expose reinforcement and weld it to the retaining plate to avoid retaining plate movement during grouting. In addition, cut off and grind support column flat to prevent them from exposing out of grouting surface. But do not cut off the support column of the generator, because they will be

Anchor bolt

Wedge

Wedge

Base

Sole plate

Grout pad



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Remarksmoved away during adjustment and alignment.

2 低压缸侧地脚螺栓的找中

2. Alignment of low pressure cylinder side foundation bolt

取下低压缸部位的地脚螺栓上

的螺母，用斜楔调整每一基础

螺栓使之与套筒对中，并固定

不动。

Remove the nuts from the foundation bolts at the low pressure cylinder and use the tapered wedge to adjust each foundation bolt to make it in line with the sleeve and fixed.

3 基础清理

3. Foundation cleanup

仔细清理前轴承箱端和低压汽

缸端的混凝土基础，特别要注

意那些被油或其它物质污染的

混凝土部位，仔细修凿直到新

的混凝土表面被暴露出来为

止。

Carefully clean up the concrete foundation at the front bearing housing end and low pressure cylinder end and pay special attention to the concrete areas contaminated by oil or other substances. Carefully dress and chip until new concrete surface exposes.必须清理那些将被基

架覆盖的部位，用压缩空气彻

底清除混凝土残片砂粒和围绕

于基础旁的杂物。

It is necessary to clean up those areas covered by the bed frame



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Remarksand use compressed air to thoroughly remove concrete debris and sand and foreign matters around the foundation.

4 喷淋水

4. Spray water

在灌浆前在混凝土表面喷水，

保持它的充分潮湿。

Before grouting, spray water to concrete surface to maintain sufficient moisture.

5 浇灌模的准备

5. Prepare for pouring template

预备好浇灌用模板并安装就

位，以便分隔灌浆区域。

Prepare and install the pouring template to divide grouting areas

6 确认水泥、砂、砾石和水的

比例

6. Confirm the ratio of cement, sand, gravel and water

在灌浆时，用震捣器或类似工

具浇灌并捣实不允许在灌浆层

中产生空腔，在浇灌混凝土浆

后起码应保持灌浆部位静止 3天以上。

When grouting, use vibrator or similar tool to prevent cavity in the grout blanket. After concrete grout is poured, at least leave the grouting area more than 3d.

Sole plate



Page 67 of 176

III-12 终装配 III-12 Final Assembling

在终装配时，确认以下事项： Confirm the following matters in final assembling:

⑴ 所有零件和装配件需经彻底清理； (1) All parts and assembling parts need to be thoroughly cleaned up;

⑵ 所有零件和装配件用螺栓应正确联

接； (2) All bolts for parts and assembling parts should be correctly connected;

⑶ 在所有需要润滑的位置均应涂上润滑

剂、润滑脂。 (3) All positions that need lubrication should be applied with lubricant or grease.

不允许将无关物质和工具掉落到汽轮机的

下半装配件中。 Never drop unrelated materials or tools in the lower half assembling parts of the turbine.

为防止杂物或灰尘进入汽轮机中，装配工

作周期应尽量短。 To prevent foreign matters or dust from entering the turbine, the assembling work cycle should be as short as possible.

No. 工作内容

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Remarks

1 检查低压内缸下半的压紧

螺栓是否拧紧。

1. Check whether the hold-down bolts of the lower half of the lower pressure inner casing are tightened.

2 检查隔板下半悬挂销上面

的垫块的高度。

2. Check the height of cushion block on the suspension pin of the lower diaphragm half.

3 检查轴封体下半的螺栓是

否拧紧。

3. Check whether the bolts of the lower half of the shaft seal body are tightened.

4 转子检查

4. Rotor check

⑴ 清理和检查转子叶片

Gasket adjustment

Lead gap measurement

Lead wire

Support bar

Shim



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Remarks

(1) Clean and check rotor blades

⑵ 检查围带

(2) Check shroud band

⑶ 轴承供油

(3) Supply oil to bearings

⑷ 装上转子并再次在位置 N处测量转子间隙。

(4) Mount the rotor and measure again rotor clearance at position N

⑸ 安装推力轴承并安装推力

瓦和推力垫片。

(5) Install the thrust bearing as well as thrust block and thrust pad

5 轴承上半的装配

5. Assemble the upper bearing half

安装各轴承的上半和临时安装

推力轴承上半，为油冲洗作准

备。

Install the upper halves of all bearings and temporarily install the upper halves of the thrust bearing to make preparation for oil flushing.

6 安装挡油环

6. Install oil retainer

清理每个挡油环下半，并安装

好。

Clean up the lower half of each oil retainer and install it.



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⑴ 清理洼窝区

(1) Clean up bore area

⑵ 检查每一挡油环的梳状齿

(2) Check comb teeth of each oil retainer

⑶ 采用油密封剂

(3) Use oil sealant

⑷ 测量和调整挡油环和转子

在右侧、左侧和底部的间隙。

(4) Measure and adjust the right, left and bottom clearance of the oil retainer and rotor

⑸ 检查每一挡油环的上半并

安装。

(5) Check and install the upper half of each oil retainer.

7 上半隔板的装配

7. Assemble the upper half diaphragm

⑴ 清洗和擦干净每付隔板

(1) Clean and wipe clean each pair of diaphragms

⑵ 在插入汽封弧段前清洗并

检查齿槽

(2) Clean and check tooth groove before inserting the steam seal arc

⑶ 清洗并检查汽封弧段

(3) Clean and check steam seal arc

⑷ 安装每一汽封并将定位销

敛缝



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(4) Install each steam seal and calk the locating pin

⑸ 在每付隔板水平位置密封

键的两侧面涂以润滑剂

(5) Apply lubricant to the two sides of the seal key in the horizontal position of each pair of diaphragm.

⑹ 安装每付隔板的上半

(6) Install the upper half of each pair of diaphragm

⑺ 每付隔板的上下半用螺栓

紧固（在螺纹部分涂润滑剂）。

(7) Bolt the upper and lower halves of each pair of diaphragms (apply lubricate to thread)

8 汽封体上半装配

8. Assemble the upper half of the steam seal body

⑴ 每一汽封体的各部分均需

清洗干净

(1) Clean all parts of each steam seal body

⑵ 水平部位涂以亚麻油

(2) Apply to linseed oil to horizontal position

⑶ 对紧固上下半用的螺栓的

螺纹部分涂以润滑剂。

(3) Apply lubricant to thread of the bolts used to tighten the upper and lower halves

⑷ 上下半相互紧固



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(4) Tighten the upper and lower halves mutually

⑸ 将装好的上半汽封体放到

下半并向外偏移（以免装配时与

低压缸干涉）

(5) Put the assembled upper half steam seal body onto the lower half and shift it outwards (to avoid interference with low pressure cylinder in assembling)

⑹ 完整装上上半汽封

(6) Completely install the upper half steam seal

9 汽缸上半装配

9. Assemble the upper casing half

⑴ 清理和检查汽缸和隔板的

上半

(1) Clean and check cylinder and diaphragm upper halves

⑵ 在内缸下半上装导柱

(2) Mount guide pillar on the lower half of the inner casing

⑶ 吊起汽缸上半并使之保持

水平

(3) Lift up the upper casing half and keep it level

⑷ 将汽缸上半通过导柱装到

汽缸下半上，同时应在不同的 4点上随时测量上下半汽缸法兰

之间的距离。安装时应注意不得

损坏导柱及其它部分。

(4) Mount the upper casing half via guide pillar onto the lower



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Remarks

casing half and measure the distance between upper and low half casing flanges at four different points. Be careful not to damage guide pillar and other parts during installation.

⑸ 当上下半中分面距离小于

500mm 时，应在上半中分面涂

抹亚麻油。

(5) When the distance between the upper and low half joints is less than 500mm, apply linseed oil to the upper half joint.

⑹ 装上水平中分面定位销。

(6) Install the locating pin of the horizontal joint.

⑺ 拧紧螺栓时，应防止扳手等

工具掉入汽缸内。

(7) When tightening the bolts, prevent wrench from falling into the casing.

⑻ 完全拧紧中分面螺栓后，安

装汽封体。

(8) After completely tightening the joint bolts, install the steam seal body.

⑼ 在汽封体水平中分面的孔

中插入铰制孔螺栓，然后拧紧垂

直中分面螺栓。

(9) Insert the reamed hole bolts into the horizontal joint holes of the steam seal body and then tighten the vertical joint bolts.



Page 73 of 176

HP inner casing

Seal ring

Center key

Seal ring and center key of HP steam admission pipe

Gap Crush pin

Dowel pinDowel pin

Crush pin

Crush pin gap

Bearing Oil tank Strainer box Window

Sight flow

Oil piping



Page 74 of 176

III-13 终找中(HIP/ALP/BLP) III-13 Final Alignment (HIP/ALP/BLP)

这项找中工作十分重要，必须尽量小心以

减少找中错误造成的严重后果。 This alignment work is very important and care must be taken to reduce serious consequences due to alignment error.

当转子中心及圆周的测量数据满足要求

后，直接连接靠背轮，测量联轴器的跳动

数据。

When the measuring data at rotor center and in the surrounding area meet the requirements, directly connect the coupling and measure the coupling runout data.

上述工作完成后，铰联轴器孔并装上联轴

器螺栓、拧紧。 After the above work is completed, ream the coupling holes and install and tighten coupling bolts.

No. 工作内容

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参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 前期安装

1. Preliminary work

⑴ 检查 HIP/ALP 和 BLP 转子

联轴器外表面上的“G”标记。

(1) Check the mark “G” on the external surface of HIP/ALP and BLP rotor couplings.

⑵ 调整 HIP/ALP/BLP 转子，

使这些转子的“G”标记处互成

180°分布。

(2) Adjust HIP/ALP/BLP rotor so that the mark “G” of these rotors are distributed 180 apart mutually.

⑶ 向每一轴承供高粘度油。

(3) Supply high viscosity oil to each bearing.

⑷ 安装百分表以检测汽轮机

转子位置。

(4) Install dial indicator to check

Temporary locating plate

Adjusting plate Turbine rotor

Generator rotor

Stopper bolt

Protection plate Locating plate can also be used

as bearing position

Pin

Turbine rotorGenerator rotor

How to apply dial indicator

Rotor



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the position of the turbine rotor.

2 找中准备

2. Alignment preparation

在保持联轴器两半端面有相同

间隔的情况插入联轴器螺栓（安

装螺栓）和顶开螺栓并转动两根

转子。

While keeping the same gap at the end faces of the two coupling halves, insert the coupling bolts (erection bolt) and jacking bolt and rotate two rotors.

用吊车和钢绳吊着联轴器部位

来转动转子，旋转方向应是规定

的汽轮机转子旋转方向。

Use crane and wire rope to lift the coupling to rotor the rotor. The rotation direction should be the specified turbine rotor rotation direction.

由于转子放置时间过长，转子可

能产生了变形，为此首先必须转

动转子 5 分钟以上，并在表读数

稳定后再进行测量工作。

As the rotor may have been deformed after prolong placement, it is necessary to first rotate the rotor more than 5min and start measurement after gate reading becomes stable.

3 测量找中精度

3. Measure alignment accuracy

转子每转 1/4 转，测量联轴器端

面 4 个点（即：顶部、底部、



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右和左侧）处的间隙，记录被测

结果，作为周向测定结果，转动

转子一圈并记录在圆周的顶部、

底部、右侧和左侧的测量结果。

For each 1/4 turn of the rotor, measure the clearance at four points (top, bottom, right and left) on the coupling end faces and record the measuring results as the circumferential measuring results. Rotate the rotor a complete turn and record the measuring results at the top, bottom, right and left of the circumference.

根据上述记录，决定应移动的部

位，以便使找中精度控制在允许

范围之内。

Decide the area to be moved according to the above records to control the alignment accuracy in the allowable range.

4 联轴器的联接

4. Connect the coupling

清理联轴器两半间的端面，在插

销联接处涂以二硫化钼润滑剂，

不能在直接接触处留任何物质。

Clean up the end face between the two coupling halves and apply molybdenum disulfide lubricant to the sledge pin connection. Do not leave any substance at the direct contact area.

Wire rope

Generator rotor

Turbine rotor

Sheeting pack

“G” mark Turbine rotor Generator rotor

“G” mark

Generator rotor

Turbine rotor

Dial gauge used for measuring runout of outer circumstance

Cylinder gauge used for rotor measuring runout of face



Page 77 of 176

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Remarks

先用临时锥销装入汽轮机—电

机联轴器联接孔，装好后，在等

距分布的 4 个孔中插入 4 根螺

栓，通过吊车转动转子时，顺次

地一点点地拧紧上述 4 个螺栓，

使联轴器端面紧密贴合。

First mount the temporary taper pin into the turbine-motor coupling connecting hole and then insert four bolts into the four equally spaced holes. When rotating the rotor with the crane, slightly tighten the four bolts in sequence to make the coupling end face closely join.

5 偏斜量测定

5. Deviation measurement

联轴器两半联接之后，分别在汽

机、电机端联轴器圆周上均分的

12 点上测量偏斜量，并记录此

偏斜量。

After the two coupling halves are connected, measure deviation at the evenly spaced 12 points on the circumference of the turbine and motor end coupling and record the value.

6 珩磨孔（必要时）

6. Hole honing (if necessary)

在所有联轴器连接好后，如发现

任何孔有错位现象时，用手钻珩

磨孔以消除错位，并保证联轴器

孔不会变成椭圆孔，珩磨至满足

要求即可。



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Remarks

After all couplings are connected, if any hole is found to be displaced, hone it till meet the requirements while ensuring that the coupling hole will not become oval.

7 准备铰孔用螺栓

7. Prepare fitting bolt

在纵向和横向测量铰孔孔径，然

后加工铰制孔螺栓的外径，并使

其间间隙在直径方向小于

0.03mm，加工好螺栓后，对螺

栓、螺母和垫圈称重量，并选配

组合和调整使每组螺栓螺母付

的重量偏差小于 5 克。选好各组

螺栓付后对其分别编号。

Measure reamed hole diameter in longitudinal and horizontal directions and machine the outside diameter of reamed hole bolts and make its clearance less than 0.03mm in the diameter direction. After the bolts are machined, weigh bolts, nuts and washers and choose, combine and adjust to make the weight difference of each set of bolt nut less than 5g. All sets of bolts should be numbered respectively after selected.

8 对中联接

8 Alignment connection

仔细清洗每个零部件，每个螺母

的螺纹部分应涂上二硫化钼润

滑剂。按规定要求装上螺栓并拧

紧，拧紧前用螺栓伸长工具测量

LP rotor

LP rotor

HP&IP rotor

Turbine rotor

Bolt elongation

Turbine-generator coupling (all coupling bolt)



Page 79 of 176

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螺栓长度，之后按相应的伸长量

拧紧螺栓，并用锁紧垫圈锁紧。

Carefully clean each part and component and apply molybdenum disulfide lubricant to the thread of each nut. Mount and tighten the bolts as required. Before tightening, use the extensimeter to measure bolt length and then tighten the bolts to the corresponding to elongation and lock the bolts with lock washers.

9 安装联轴器罩壳

9. Install the coupling hood

固定联轴器罩壳，测量护罩和转

子间的间隙，并将间隙调到规定

值。

Fix the coupling hood, measure the clearance between the hood and rotor and adjust the clearance to the specified value.



Page 80 of 176

III-14 BLP-GEN 终找中 III-14 BLP-GEN Final Alignment

确认 HIP/ALP/BLP 的联接是否造成

BLP-GEN 之间的对中发生变分，若产生了

变化就应对 BLP-GEN 之间进行终找中。

Confirm whether connection of HIP/ALP/BLP has caused the alignment of BLP-GEN to change and if so, perform final alignment for BLP-GEN.

No. 工作内容

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

1 BLP-GEN 终找中的检查

及调整

1. Check and adjustment of BLP-GEN final alignment

BLP/GEN 终找中时应检查标

记“G”，标记“G”应在靠背轮两

端的相对 180°的位置上。

During BLP/GEN final alignment, check the mark “G” which should be the 180 opposite position on the two coupling ends.

检查并调整BLP/GEN之间的对

中，方法同前面所写的HIP-ALP及 ALP/BLP 转子联轴器之间的

对中。

Check and adjust the alignment between BLP/GEN and the method is the same as the alignment between HIP-ALP and ALP/BLP rotor couplings as described above.



Page 81 of 176

位置

Position

左

Left

上

Top

右

Right

下

Bottom

1

2

3

4

总计

Total

平均

Average

注： Note:

1）单位为：mm； 1) Unit: mm;

2）圆周跳动测量用百分表，端面检查用

内径千分表； 2) Circumferential runout is measured with dial indicator and end face is checked with inside micrometer;

3） “左”、“右”是以站在汽轮机前轴承箱前

向发电机端看时观测者的左、右手方向来

定义的；

3) “Left” and “right” are defined by the left and right hand directions of the observer who stands in front of the turbine front bearing housing and looks at the generator end;

4）百分表装在汽机侧的转子上。 4) Dial indicator is installed on the turbine side rotor.

Face Periphery

T T

L

L

R R

B B



Page 82 of 176

每根转子都应测量圆度和跳动度，并

且每个位置应沿圆周方向测量间隔

90°的四点。

Each rotor should be measured for roundness and runout and four points should be measured at each position in the circumferential direction (90 apart for two adjacent points).

Coupling bolt

Dial indicatorRod

Jack bolt



Page 83 of 176

III-15 BLP/GEN 联轴器的铰孔及

珩磨 III-15 BLP/GEN Coupling Reaming

and Honing

在终找中确认后，如有必要可进行

BLP/GEN 联轴器孔的珩磨工作。铰制孔中

所用螺栓在准备时，要加工和检测联轴器

螺栓螺母，这项工作要在加工车间和天平

上完成，因此要落实加工车间和天平是否

能满足需要。（东汽厂已完成联轴器铰孔

和联轴器螺栓的加工工作，原则上，这项

工作不要求在现场进行）。

After the final alignment is confirmed, if necessary, start the honing work for BLP/GEN coupling holes. When preparing the bolts in the reamed holes, it is necessary to machine and test coupling bolt nut and this work should be completed in the machining workshop and balance. Therefore it is necessary to determine whether the machining workshop and balance can meet the need. (Dongfang Turbine Works has completed the coupling reaming and coupling bolt machining work. In principle, this work is not required to be done on site).

No. 工作内容

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备注

Remarks

1 全部联轴器的直接连接

1. Direct connection of all couplings

⑴ 清理联轴器两半之间的表

面并在凹窝部分涂抹二硫化钼

润滑剂。

(1) Clean up the surface between two coupling halves and apply molybdenum disulfide lubricant to the bore part.

⑵ 当连接 HIP/ALP 以及

ALP/BLP 联轴器时，联轴器两

半外圆表面上应标上记号“G”。

(2) When connecting HIP/ALP and ALP/BLP couplings, mark “G” to the excircle surface of the two coupling halves.

⑶ 两个相邻的联轴器的记号

“G”应成 180°对角。



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(3) The marks “G” on the two adjacent coupling should be 180 opposite angle.

⑷ 在相互直接接触的联轴器

端面上不能留下任何其它物质。

(4) No other substance should be left on the coupling end faces in direct contact.

用临时锥销来对好汽机端和电

机端的联轴孔，然后每隔

90°插入一个螺栓，整个联轴器

共插 4 个螺栓并拧上螺母。

Use the temporary taper pin to align turbine end and motor coupling holes and then insert one bolt every 90, totally 4 bolts for the whole coupling, and mount nuts.

用吊车吊着转动转子，然后一点

点地旋紧螺旋付，直到联轴器两

半接触面相互紧密接触为止。

Use the crane to lift and rotate the rotor and then tighten screw pair little by little until the contact surfaces of the two coupling halves touch each other closely.

紧住螺旋付，测量联轴器两半接

触面间的间隙。

Tighten the screw pair and measure the clearance between the contact surfaces of the two coupling halves.



Page 85 of 176

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Remarks

2 跳动测量

2. Runout measurement

在直接联接后，将汽机端和电机

端的联轴器的圆周进行 12 等

分，并在 12 等分处测量跳动并

记录跳动值。

After direct connection, divide circumference of the turbine end and motor end couplings into 12 equal parts and measure and record runout value at the 12 equal parts.

3 铰孔

3. Reaming

本工序只适用于BLP/GEN联轴

器。

This process is only applicable to BLP/GEN coupling

HIP/ALP，ALP/BLP 联轴器上的

孔已在制造厂内完成，现场不需

要铰孔，所有孔的珩磨见 III-13第 6 条。

The holes on the HIP/ALP and ALP/BLP have been completed in the factory and reaming is not need on site. For honing of all holes, refer to Item 6 of III-13.

确认汽机端和电机端的联轴器

孔相互对齐，然后再铰孔。同时

应准备一个加强的夹具用以支

承束轮分度钻机，以保证孔的精

确位置和圆度。

Confirm that the turbine end and motor end coupling holes are mutually aligned before reaming.

Temporary bolt

Generator rotor

Dial indicator

Turbine rotor

Turbine side

Coupling runout check



Page 86 of 176

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备注

Remarks

At the same time, prepare a strong clamp to support ratchet indexing drill to ensure accurate hole position and round.

铰孔工作一直要进行到汽机端

和电机端联轴器孔间的错位处

消失为止。

Reaming work shall be continued until the deviation between turbine end and motor end coupling holes disappears.

4 铰制孔用螺栓的准备

4. Preparation of bolts for reamed hole

在纵向和横向方向上测量铰孔

孔径，然后加工铰制孔螺栓的外

径，使螺栓和螺栓孔间的间隙小

于或等于 0.03mm。

Measure the reamed hole diameter in the longitudinal and horizontal directions and then machine the outsider diameter of the bolts for reamed holes so that the clearance between bolt and bolt hole is less than or equal to 0.03mm.

加工好螺栓后，对螺栓、螺母和

垫圈进行称重，并对它们选配组

合，使每组螺栓、螺母付的大

重量偏差小于或等于 5 克。在每

组螺栓、螺母和垫圈上打上编

号，同组各件用同一编号。

After the bolts are machined, weigh the bolts, nuts and washers and choose and combine them so that the maximum weight



Page 87 of 176

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

difference of each set of bolts and nuts is less than or equal to 5g. Print the numbers on each set of bolts, nuts and washers. The same set of parts use the same number.



Page 88 of 176

III-16 全部联轴器螺栓的拧紧 III-16 Tightening of ALL Coupling Bolts

终找中后，拧紧高中压和低压联轴器的

螺栓。 After final alignment, tighten the high and medium pressure and low pressure couplings.

No. 工作内容

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参考图

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Remarks

1 全部联轴器螺栓的拧紧

1. Tightening of all coupling bolts

清理联轴器两半间的端面，在插

销联接处涂以二硫化钼润滑剂，

不能在直接接触留任何物质。

Clean up the faces between two coupling halves and apply molybdenum disulfide lubricant to the sledge pin connection and do not leave any substances at the point of direct contact.

先用临时锥销装入汽轮机—电

机联轴器联接孔，装好后，在等

距分布的 4 个孔中插入 4 根螺

栓，通过吊车转动转子时，顺次

地一点点地拧紧上述 4 个螺栓，

使联轴器端面紧密贴合。

First mount the temporary taper pin into the turbine-motor coupling connecting hole and then insert four bolts into the equally spaced four holes. When rotating the rotor with the crane, tighten the four bolts little by lithe in sequence so that the coupling faces join closely.

2 跳动测量

2. Runout measurement

在直接联接后，将汽轮机端和电

Generator rotor

LP rotor

Bolt elongation

Turbine-generator coupling (all coupling bolt)

Turbine side coupling

Generator side c oupling



Page 89 of 176

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

机端的联轴器的圆周作 12 等

分，在 12 等分处测量跳动，并

记录跳动值。

After direct connection, divide the circumference of the turbine end and motor end couplings into 12 equal parts and measure and record the runout at the 12 equal parts.

3 仔细清理各零件

3. Carefully clean up all parts and components

仔细清洗每个零部件，每个螺母

的螺纹部分应涂上二硫化钼润

滑剂。按规定要求装上螺栓并拧

紧，拧紧前用螺栓伸长工具测量

螺栓长度，之后按相应的伸长量

拧紧螺栓，并用锁紧垫片锁紧螺

栓。

Carefully clean each part and component and apply molybdenum disulfide lubricant to the thread of each nut. Mount and tighten the bolts as required. Before tightening, use the bolt extensimeter to measure bolt length and then tighten the bolts to the corresponding to elongation and lock the bolts with lock washers.

4 安装联轴器罩壳

4. Install the coupling hood

固定联轴器罩壳，测量护罩和转

子间的间隙，并将间隙调到规定

值。

Fix the coupling hood, measure



Page 90 of 176

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

the clearance between the hood and rotor and adjust the clearance to the specified value.



Page 91 of 176

III-17 附件安装 III-17 Installation of Accessories

在汽轮机本体上应装汽轮机附件，小装置

和仪表等，例如大汽阀、盘车装置、汽轮

机安全监视装置（TSI）等，附件虽小，但

对汽轮机运行的关系极大，因此附件应仔

细安装。

Turbines accessories, small devices and instruments etc should be installed on the turbine proper, such as atmospheric valve, turning gear and turbine safety supervision device (TSI) etc. Although the accessories are small, they are closely related to the turbine operation and therefore should be carefully installed.

No. 工作内容

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参考图

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Remarks

1 安装盘车装置

1. Install the turning gear

盘车装置是以一个整体发运的，

在接合面上涂以油密封膏，插入

定位销螺栓并将螺栓旋紧。

The turning gear is shipped integrally. Apply oil sealing compound to the joint face and insert and tighten the locating pin bolts.

涂红丹检查离合齿轮和转子齿

轮间的接触系数，为此在啮合位

置放入薄片并用手转动齿轮，这

样来检查齿轮的接触系数，此外

还需检查轮齿的重合度，检查正

常工作时齿轮啮合和脱离啮合

情况下限位开关的显示。

Apply read lead to check the contact coefficient between clutch gear and rotor gear. To do this, put thin shims in the meshing position to check gear contact coefficient. Additionally, gear tooth contact ratio needs to be checked. Check the indication of the limit switch with gear



Page 92 of 176

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

engaged and disengaged in normal operation.

2 汽轮机安全监视装置

2. Turbine safety supervision device

确认在前轴承箱内的转速表、传

感器、胀差测量器，偏心测量仪

等均安装于正确的位置，且安装

牢固，记录检查结果。

Confirm that the tachometer, sensor, expansion difference measurer and eccentricity measuring instrument in the front bearing housing are firmly installed in the correct positions and record the check results.

同样方法检查上部胀差测量器，

同时检查这些仪表的性能，并确

认它们工作正常。

Use the same method to check the upper expansion difference measurer. Also check the performance of these instruments and confirm that they operate normally.

3 垫片的替换

3. Gasket replacement

抽出前箱推拉键，均匀顶起左、

右缸体的猫爪，抽出前止推键，

用下猫爪垫片替代上猫爪垫片，

然后抽出上猫爪垫片、涂上防锈

油并将它安装到预先确定的位

置上，将前箱推拉键回复到原始

状况。

Pull out the front bearing housing



Page 93 of 176

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

push and pull key and evenly jack up the lugs of the left and right cylinders. Pull out the front stop key and use the lower lug gasket to replace the upper lug gasket. Then pull out the upper lug gasket and apply rust preventive oil and install it to the predetermined position. Pull the front bearing housing push and pull key back to the original condition.

4 拧紧高中压缸前部压紧螺栓

4. Tighten the hold down bolt in front of the high and medium cylinders

在汽缸下半前猫爪处，装上压紧

螺栓，螺纹部分涂上润滑剂，用

手拧紧螺母，然后装上锁紧螺母

并锁紧。

Mount the hold down bolt to the front lug of the lower cylinder half and apply lubricant to the thread. Hand tighten the nuts and then mount and lock the lock nuts.

5 前轴承箱盖装配

5. Assembling of front bearing housing cover

检查、确认箱内部套已装完，且

已完成油冲洗的准备工作。

Check and confirm that the parts in the housing have been installed and preparation work for oil flushing has been completed.



Page 94 of 176

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参考图

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Remarks

在中分面涂密封剂，防油泄漏。

Apply sealant to the joint to prevent oil leakage.

6 装配高中压缸上半中心健

6. Install the center key of the high and medium pressure cylinder upper halves

装上高中压缸和前箱上半之间

的中心键，不必锁死，因为油冲

洗后需要拆洗。

Mount the center key between the high and medium pressure cylinders and front bearing housing upper halves but do not completely lock it, because it needs to removed and cleaned after oil flushing.

7 连接喷水管

7. Connect the water spray pipe

用水冲洗并安装喷头，锁死活节

头。

Water flush and install the spray nozzle and tightly lock the union joint.

8 安装内缸手孔盖

8. Install inner casing handhole cover

检查、确认诸如抽汽口堵板等都

已装上手孔盖，拧紧螺栓，锁死。

Check and confirm that steam extraction port blind flange etc has been installed with handhole cover and bolts have been tightened and locked.



Page 95 of 176

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

9 安装大气阀

9. Install the atmospheric valve

安装时注意：

Note the following in installation:

1）限位销嵌入；

1) Spacer pin is embedded;

2）铜板无缺陷；

2) Copper plate is not defective;

3）装好铜板后，检查刃和铜

板的间隙。

3) After copper plate is mounted, check the clearance between knife edge and copper plate.

10 安装外缸人孔盖板

10. Install the outer casing manhole cover plate

因为汽封管道等吹管后，需从人

孔进入检查，外缸人孔盖只要临

时装上就可以了。

As it is needed to go through the manhole for inspection after steam seal pipe etc. is purged, the outer casing manhole cover only needs to be installed temporarily.

11 安装高压缸动平衡用孔法

兰盖

11. Install the high pressure cylinder dynamic balancing hole blind flange

安装高压缸上半动平衡用孔法

兰盖，因是高温部件，螺纹部分

应涂润滑剂。



Page 96 of 176

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记录

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

Install the dynamic balancing hole blind flange for the upper half of the high pressure cylinder. As the blind flange is a high temperature part, lubricant should be applied to thread.

内缸凸肩等注润滑剂后，注油口

拧上螺塞。

After lubricant is applied to the inner casing shoulder, mount screw plug to the oil filler.

12 安装轴振探头

12. Install the shaft vibration probe

临时安装轴振探头，确认接口，

这些探头在油冲洗后安装，调

整，注意保护。

Temporarily install the shaft vibration probe and confirm the connection. These probes are installed and adjusted after oil flushing and should be protected.



Page 97 of 176

III-18 油冲洗的准备工作 III-18 Preparation Work for Oil Flushing

油冲洗工序的目的在于清除残存于油管

路、通道和油池中的焊渣飞溅、铁屑、鳞

皮等杂物，以免引起轴承和调节系统损坏

和磨损。

The purpose of oil flushing procedure is to remove welding splashing, chip and scale etc remaining in the oil piping, channel and oil sump to prevent damage and abrasion of the bearings and regulating system.

请参阅油冲洗工序的说明。 Please refer to the description of oil flushing procedure.

No. 工作内容

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记录

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参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 轴承的解体

1. Bearing disassembling

拆下每一轴承的上半并接通一

根临时旁通管，此旁通管从轴承

下半的供油孔引出。

Remove the upper half of each bearing and connect a temporary bypass pipe which is led out from the oil supply hole of the lower bearing half.

对于推力轴承，拆除衬垫和推力

瓦。

For thrust bearing, remove gasket and thrust pad.

2 加接临时油流观察管

2. Connect the temporary oil flow observing pipe

从旁通管上拆下一根支管并加

接临时油流观察管，在临时管路

的出口端装上一个网孔罩（100目或 120 目）。

Remove a branch pipe from the bypass pipe and install the temporary oil flow observing



Page 98 of 176

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

pipe and mount a mesh hood (100 and 120meshes) to the outlet end of the temporary piping.

取下节流孔板。

Remove the throttling orifice.

3 危急遮断器

3. Emergency governor

拆下危急遮断装置并安装临时

管路和阀门，以便能对危急遮断

油管路进行冲洗。

Remove the emergency governor and install temporary piping and valve so as to flush the emergency trip oil piping.

4 主油泵

4. Main oil pump

使油泵壳体水平法兰面间留一

小间隙并让油喷出（约 5mm）。

Leave a small gap between horizontal flange surfaces of the oil pump case and let oil eject (about 5mm).

5 主汽阀和中联阀

5. Main stop valve and combined reheat valve

⑴ 脱开主汽阀和中联阀与阀

壳的油腔管接头。

(1) Disconnect the oil chamber pipe connector between the main stop valve and combined reheat valve and the valve case.



Page 99 of 176

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Remarks

⑵ 在管接头配合面上装上接

板。

(2) Mount the connecting plate to the pipe connector matching surface.

⑶ 请参看电液控制油冲洗工

序。

(3) Please refer to the electrohydraulic control oil flushing procedure.

6 交流启动油泵

6. AC start oil pump

用 40～60 目丝网把吸入滤油器

包起来，此外，还需为每根管路

提供临时管道。

Use 40~60mesh wire net to wrap the suction oil filter and provide temporary pipe for each piping.

7 辅助油泵和事故油泵

7. Auxiliary oil pump and emergency oil pump

用 40～60 目丝网把滤油器包起

来。

Use 40~60mesh wire net to wrap the oil filter.

8 升压油泵的临时管道

8. Temporary pipe of booster oil pump

从油箱上拆下升压油泵，并安装

每一接管的临时管道。

Remove the booster oil pump from the oil tank and install the temporary pipe for each



Page 100 of 176

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参考图

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备注

Remarks

connecting pipe.

9 滤油器

9. Oil filter

在油箱回油管道上安装 60～100 目的丝网。

Install the 60~100mesh wire net to the oil tank return oil pipe.

10 压缩空气用临时管道

10. Temporary pipe for compressed air

在升压泵基座上安装一临时管

道并在临时管道上安装一个止

逆阀。

Mount a temporary pipe to the booster pump base and install a check valve to the temporary pipe.

11 装置内部清洗

11. Device internal cleaning

对每一装置内部进行彻底清理，

直到用裸手触摸不到粘性外来

杂质。

Each device should be internally cleaned thoroughly until bare hand can not touch viscous foreign matters.

12 监视仪表

12. Supervisory instrument

请参阅油冲洗管路系统图。

Please refer to the oil flushing piping system drawing.



Page 101 of 176



Page 102 of 176

III-19 第一次油冲洗 III-19 First Oil Flushing

油冲洗是在试运转之前的一道工序，目的

在于清除残留在油通道和油系统中的杂

质。特别是当油温改变而引起管道的热胀

冷缩时，粘附于管道内壁的杂质脱落而混

入油中。

Oil flushing is a process step prior to trial operation. Its purpose is to remove foreign matters remaining in the oil passage and oil system. Especially when oil temperature change leads to pipe expansion and shrinkage, the impurities adhering to the internal pipe wall will mix into the oil.

本工序是在不升温情况下，利用油循环冲

洗相对较重和较大的杂质。 This process step is to use oil circulation to flush relatively heavy and large impurities without temperature rise.

请参阅油冲洗工序的说明。 Please refer to the description of oil flushing process.

No. 工作内容

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1 油循环

1. Oil circulation

当油不加热而油温达到 30～40℃时，启动冲洗油泵（交流启

动油泵或辅助油泵均可）打油循

环 1 小时，同时检查油泄漏情

况。

When oil is not heated but oil temperature reaches 30~40C, start the flushing oil pump (either AC start oil pump or auxiliary oil pump) and make oil circulate for 1h and check oil leakage.

2 交流启动油泵管路中的油循

环

2. Oil circulation of AC start oil pump piping

油冲洗管路的切换应通过装于

升压油泵基座上的临时管道间

的阀门进行控制。油循环至少应

轴承油冲洗

Bearing oil flushing

1 第一步

1. Step 1

⑴ 从孔板中取走滤网

(1) Remove strainer from the orifice plate

⑵ 安装临时管道和控制阀

(2) Install temporary pipe and control valve

⑶ 在孔板箱内安装临时堵板

(3) Install temporary blind plate in the orifice plate box

⑷ 安装临时收集袋

(4) Install temporary collecting bag



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打 4 小时。

Changeover of oil flushing piping should be controlled by the valve between the temporary pipes on the booster oil pump base. Oil circulation shall last at least 4h.

→主油泵供油管道→前轴承箱

→主油箱

Main oil pump oil supply pipeFront bearing housingMain oil tank

3 油循环至交流启动油泵管路

3. Oil circulation to AC start oil pump piping

→主油泵吸入管→前轴承箱→主油箱

Main oil pump suction pipeFront bearing housingMain oil tank

油循环至少应打 4 小时

Oil circulation shall last at least 4h

4 油循环至交流启动油泵管路

4. Oil circulation to AC start oil pump piping

→汽轮机各轴承管路（1 号至 6号轴承和推力轴承）。

Turbine bearing piping (#1~#6 bearings and thrust bearing)

油循环至少应打 6 小时。

Oil circulation shall last at least 6h.

Install temporary pipe Temporary valve

Lower bearing

Lower busing

Oil inlet

Bearing housing Remove throttle

orifice and replace with

blind

Temporary collection bag



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5 调整每一轴承的进油量

5. Adjust inlet oil amount of each bearing

用装于每一轴承旁通管道上的

阀门调整每一轴承的进油量。

Use the valve installed on each bearing bypass pipe to adjust the inlet oil amount of each bearing.

6 拆下轴承箱上的润滑油滤油

器上的滤网

6. Remove the strainer on the lube oil filter on the bearing box

拆下所有滤油器上的滤网以便

尽可能增加进油量。

Remove the strainers on all oil filters to increase inlet oil amount.

7 压缩空气的供给

7. Supply of compressed air

提高油循环的油压 0.5kg/cm2，

其方法是连续 1 小时供给压缩

空气（压缩空气压力必须高于油

压 0.5kgf/cm2）。

Increase oil pressure 0.5kg/cm2

for oil circulation by supplying compressed air continuously for 1h (Compressed air pressure must be higher than oil pressure 0.5kgf/cm2).

8 敲击管道

8. Knock the pipe

当油循环时，用手锤敲击每根管

道使管内壁上的杂质被震松而



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掉下。

In oil circulation, use the hand hammer to knock each pipe so that impurities on the internal wall come off.

9 油箱排污

9. Oil tank blow down

将油转至储油箱，同时用 100目或更细密的滤网过滤油以便

滤掉混入油中的杂质。

Transfer oil to the oil storage tank and use 100mesh or finer strainer to filter the oil to remove the impurities mixed in the oil.

10 油箱和油池的清洗

10. Cleaning of oil tank and oil sump

清洗回油管的滤网和清洗交流

启动油泵及辅助油泵吸油管上

的滤网。清除油箱管道、油箱壁

上和管路中残留的粉尘，清洗时

不能用布而应用鹿皮。

Clean the return oil pipe strainer and clean the strainer on the AC start oil pump and auxiliary oil pump suction oil pipe. Remove residual dust on the oil tank pipe, oil tank wall and in the piping. Use wash leather other than cloth.

11 灌油

11. Oil filling

将储油箱中的油灌注入汽轮机

油箱中。



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Inject the oil in the storage tank into the turbine oil tank.

12 记录

12. Recording

当进行油循环作油冲洗时，对油

循环工况每隔 30 分钟检查并按

以下要求作好记录。

When making oil circulation for oil flushing, check oil circulation condition every 30min and record it according to the following requirements.

⑴ 交流启动油泵和辅助油泵

的排油压力；

(1) Oil discharge pressure of AC start oil pump and auxiliary oil pump;

⑵ 调节系统、主油泵的排油压

力；

(2) Oil discharge pressure of the regulating system and main oil pump;

⑶ 轴承系统油压；

(3) Oil pressure of bearing system;

⑷ 主油泵进口油压；

(4) Inlet oil pressure of main oil pump;

⑸ 交流启动油泵和辅助油泵

电机温度；

(5) AC start oil pump and auxiliary oil pump motor temperature;



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⑹ 油箱油温；

(6) Oil tank oil temperature;

⑺ 油箱油位；

(7) Oil tank level;

⑻ 压缩空气压力；

(8) Compressed air pressure;

⑼ 冷却水压力、温度；

(9) Cooling water pressure and temperature;

⑽ 交流启动油泵和辅助油泵

的电流；

(10) Current of AC start oil pump and auxiliary oil pump;

⑾ 在这一阶段判断油冲洗是

否完成的依据是油循环的时间。

(11) In this stage the basis for judging whether oil flushing is completed is the oil circulation time.



Page 108 of 176

III-20 第二次油冲洗 III-20 Second Oil Flushing ⑴ 本次冲洗管道和第一次油冲洗的管道

的范围相同； (1) The range of flushing pipe for this time is the same as the first oil flushing;

⑵ 用启动油泵和辅助油泵；

(2) Start oil pump and auxiliary oil pump are used;

⑶ 为降低油温，采用冷油器；

(3) Oil cooler is used to reduce oil temperature;

⑷ 请参阅油冲洗工序的说明。 (4) Please refer to the description of oil flushing procedure.

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1 轴承油管路的油循环

和第一次油冲洗相同。

1. Oil circulation of bearing oil piping is the same as the first oil flushing.

同时因油温很高，要用压缩空

气，并用锤敲击管道。

Additionally, due to high oil temperature, compressed air is used and pipe is knocked by hammer.

2 降温

2. Temperature reduction

将油打入轴承管道作油循环，油

温降低采用的是使用冷却水循

环的冷油器。

Pump oil into the bearing pipe for oil circulation. Oil temperature is reduced by using the oil cooler for cooling water circulation.

轴承油冲洗

Bearing oil flushing

1 第二步

1. Step 2

⑴ 从孔板中取走滤网

(1) Remove strainer from the orifice plate

⑵ 取下临时管道和控制阀

(2) Remove temporary pipe and control valve

⑶ 在孔板箱内安装临时轴承旁通

路及控制阀

(3) Install temporary bearing bypass and control valve in the orifice plate box

⑷ 安装临时收集袋

(4) Install temporary collecting bag



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3 记录

3. Record

记录下冷油器进出口油温以及

其它和第一次油冲洗记录相同

的要求，用以监视油循环工况。

Record the oil cooler inlet and outlet oil temperature as well as other items required in the first oil flushing, which are used to supervise oil circulation condition.

4 油箱冲洗

4. Oil tank flushing

清洗油箱内部起码每隔 70 小时

进行一次。

The oil tank inside should be flushed at least once every 70h.

5 油冲洗完成的判定

5. Judgment for oil flushing completion

在每一轴承供油管中的滤油器

体上安装 100 目的丝网，在打油

循环 4 小时后，对 100 目丝网进

行目测检查。

Install a 100mesh wire net on the oil filter in each bearing oil supply pipe and after 4h oil circulation, visually check the 100mesh wire net.

Install temporary bypass Temporary valve

Oil inlet

Temporary collecting bag Bearing housing



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※ 评定标准

Criteria for evaluation※

1 常规检查：管道内不得有砂、

铁锈、金属屑等硬物，允许存在

少量的油漆、布屑、毛刺等软物

质，金属异物的尺寸应小于

0.25mm，铁屑除外。

1. Conventional inspection: the pipes are free from internal hard objects such as sand, rust and metal debris etc. and a tiny amount of soft objects such as paint, cloth chip and burr is allowed. Size of metal foreign matters should be less than 0.25mm except iron chips.

2 抽样检验

2. Sampling inspection

⑴ 取样的位置

(1) Sampling position

应从主油箱中提取检验用油样。

Take inspection oil sample from the main oil tank.

⑵ 抽样时间

(2) Sampling time

应在第二及第三次油冲洗完成

后取样。

Take samples after the second and third oil flushing.

⑶ 每次抽样检验两次

(3) Each sampling inspection is performed twice

⑴ 轴承供油：小于 NAS8 级

(1) Bearing oil supply: <NAS8

⑵ 控制用油：小于 NAS6 级

(2) Control oil: <NAS6



Page 111 of 176

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⑷ 检验基准

(4) Inspection reference

NAS 标准（National Aerospece Standard 1638—美国航空航天标准）

NAS Standard (National Aerospece Standard 1638)

颗粒

尺寸

Grain

size

μm

NAS 等 etc.

00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

5～15 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 16000 32000 64000 128000 256000 512000 1024000

16～25 22 44 59 178 356 712 1435 2350 5700 11400 22800 45600 91200 182400

26～50 4 8 16 32 63 126 253 506 1012 2025 4050 8100 16200 32400

51 ～

100 1 2 5 6 11 22 45 90 180 360 720 1440 2880 5760

101 ～

250 0 0 1 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024

≥251μm 0 0 0

NAS 标准 standard

JOP

有

Yes

JOP 无

No



Page 112 of 176

III-21 轴承复位 III-21 Bearing Resetting

拆除轴承油管路上的滤油器，并将所有管

道完全复位到原始安装状态。请参阅油冲

洗工序的说明。

Remove the oil filter from the bearing oil piping and restore all pipes completely to the original installation state. Please refer to the description of oil flushing procedure.

No. 工作内容

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Remarks

1 轴承下半的检查

1. Check of lower bearing half

在每一轴承复位到原始状态前，

拆除轴瓦下半并确认转子和轴

瓦间不存在任何杂质。

Before resetting each bearing to its original state, remove the lower half of bearing bush and confirm that no foreign matter exists between rotor and bearing bush.

⑴ 顶起转子装上轴瓦零件；

(1) Jack up the rotor and install bearing bush parts;

⑵ 用千斤顶顶起转子；

(2) Use the jack to jack up the rotor;

⑶ 吊起轴瓦并拆下它；

(3) Lift up the bearing bush and remove it;

⑷ 检查和清除外来杂质；

(4) Check and remove foreign matters;

⑸ 将轴瓦下半复位到原始安

装完状态。

(5) Reset the lower half of the bearing bush to the original



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installation state.

2 轴承装配

2. Bearing assembling

这是轴承的终一次装配工作，

因此，轴承装配应一个接着一个

正确而精确地进行。

This is the final assembling work for bearings and therefore bearings should be assembled one by one correctly and accurately.

旋紧螺栓后，止动垫片锁住螺

栓。

When the bolt is tightened, the lock gasket locks the bolt.

通常，这样的锁紧可以用三次，

但也必须按照锁紧的实际情况

作出判断。

Generally, such locking can be used three times but should be judged according to the actual locking condition.

3 附件安装

3. Installation of accessories

安装热电偶，调整汽轮机监视仪

表等等，特别是热电偶因其安装

于转子支承部位，所以它必须牢

固可靠地锁紧。

Install thermocouple and adjust turbine supervisory instrument etc. Especially as the thermocouple is installed to the rotor supporting area, it must be locked firmly and reliably.



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4 重新安装轴承盖和联轴器罩

4. Reinstall bearing cover and coupling hood

仔细检查并清理内部，并将它们

尽可能快地装好，不要忽视记录

下与挡油板的间隙。

Carefully check and clean up the inside and assemble them as quickly as possible. Remember to note down clearance with oil deflector.

5 调节油管路

5. Adjust oil piping

将调速器和其它装置周围的配

管回复到原始安装好的位置，并

确认连接无松动。

Restore the piping around the governor and other devices to the originally installed position and confirm that the connection is not loose.

确认锁紧良好并按图纸要求进

行锁紧，不允许用焊接方法来锁

住管接头螺母。

Confirm that locking is satisfactory and lock it according to drawing requirements. Do not lock the pipe connector nut by welding.

6 油箱复位

6. Oil tank resetting

排尽油箱中的油，将内部管道和

其它临时提供的其它零部件恢

复到原始位置，以获得终装配



Page 115 of 176

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状态。

Discharge all oil from the oil tank and restore the internal pipes and other temporarily provided parts and components to the original position to obtain the final assembling state.

清洗油箱并锁住应该锁紧的零

部件。

Clean the oil tank and lock the parts and components that should be locked.

卸下冷油器，并检查其内部。

Remove the oil cooler and check its inside.



Page 116 of 176

III-22 终（第三次）油冲洗 III-22 Final (Third) Oil Flushing

通常，第一次和第二次油冲洗用的是冲洗

油（和工作油不同），但终油冲洗用的是

工作油（即实际运行时所用的油）。

Generally, the first and second oil flushing uses flushing oil (different from operating oil) but the final oil flushing uses the operating oil (i.e. the oil used in actual operation).

请参阅油冲洗工序的说明。 Please refer to the description of oil flushing procedure.

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1 灌注油

1. Oil filling

通过滤油器向油箱尽可能快地

灌注油。

Fill the oil tank with oil as quickly as possible through oil filter.

2 油泵运转

2. oil pump operation

首先启动辅助油泵，再启动交流

启动油泵进行油冲洗。

First start the auxiliary oil pump and then start the AC start oil pump for carry out oil flushing.

检查在孔板箱、旁通管、排油口、

临时滤器等处杂质的总量，并观

察油冲洗工况。

Check the total amount of foreign matters at the orifice box, bypass pipe, oil discharge port and temporary filter and observe oil flushing condition.

3 油流动

3. Oil flow

在孔板上包一层 100 目的滤网，

Temporary oil control valve

Oil inlet

Bearing housing

To sight flow box

Remove throttle orifice and replace

with blind plate

Orifice box

Oil inlet

Bearing housing

To sight flow box

1. Install orifice plate in the orifice box 2. Install 100 or 120 mesh gauze to the outside orifice plate



Page 117 of 176

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让油流过尽可能长的时间以便

清除杂质。

Wrap the orifice plate in a layer of 100mesh strainer and let oil flow through as long as possible to remove impurities.

如流过时间不够，就不能使汽轮

机投运。

If flowing time is insufficient, never put the turbine into operation.



Page 118 of 176

III-23 蒸汽吹管 III-23 Steam Pipe Blowing

在汽轮机首次通汽前应进行蒸汽吹管，其

目的在于排出蒸汽管道中残存的各种焊

渣、铁屑和铁锈等杂物。

Steam pipe blowing should be carried out before steam is supplied to the turbine first time. Its purpose is to discharge various weld slag, iron chips and rust etc from the steam pipes.

至于蒸汽吹管的工况可以规定为：蒸汽吹

管时间少应为冲管时间的 6 倍，这样才

能使运行时的冲管力比率（C.F.R）大于或

等于 1。

The steam pipe blowing conditions can be: steam pipe blowing duration should be at least 6times pipe flushing duration so that the pipe flushing force ratio (C.F.R) in operation is greater than or equal to 1.

请参阅汽封蒸汽吹洗工序。 Please refer to the gland steam flushing procedure.

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Remarks

1 堵板安装

1. Blind plate installation

对不需进行蒸汽吹洗的下列部

位用堵板封住。

The following areas that do not need steam blowing are sealed with blind plates.

⑴ 主汽阀杆泄漏 2 处；

(1) Main stop valve stem leakage, 2 points;

⑵ 中联阀阀杆泄漏 2 处；

(2) Combined reheat valve stem leakage, 2 points;

⑶ 调节阀阀杆泄漏 4 处；

(3) Regulating valve step leakage, 4 points;

BDV⑷ 阀阀杆泄漏；

(4) BDV valve stem leakage;



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⑸ 通风阀阀杆泄漏；

(5) Ventilation valve stem leakage;

SSR⑹ 出口端；

(6) SSR outlet end;

⑺ 安全阀（SV）。

(7) Safety valve (SV).

2 临时管道

2. Temporary pipe

⑴ 用临时管道为 1、3 号轴封

联接供汽管和排汽管；

(1) Use temporary pipe to connect steam supply pipe and steam discharge pipe for #1 and #3 shaft seals;

⑵ 用临时管道为 4～7 轴封联

接供汽管和排汽管；

(2) Use temporary pipe to connect steam supply pipe and steam discharge pipe for #4~#7 shaft seals;

⑶ 联接临时管道到汽封加热

器的吸入管部分以使蒸汽排往

大气。

(3) Connect the temporary pipe to the suction pipe of the steam seal heater to discharge steam to the atmosphere.

3 吹管

3. Pipe blowing

⑴ 辅助蒸汽管道的吹洗压力

约为 15～20kg/cm2，利用其残

存压力来对主汽管、冷段和热段



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再热蒸汽管进行吹洗；

(1) The blowing pressure of the auxiliary steam pipe is 15~20kg/cm2 and its residual pressure is used to blow the main steam pipe, cold and hot reheat stem pipes.

⑵ 为增加吹管时汽流的速度

和力量，将管道划分如下，在管

道中插入堵板（非工作堵板）来

进行蒸汽吹管操作。

(2) To increase steam flow speed and force during pipe blowing, the pipes are divided as follows. Blind plate (non-operating blind plate) is inserted into the pipes to carry out steam pipe blowing operation.

1、3 号轴封吹洗供汽管

Steam supply pipe for #1 and #3 shaft seal blowing

4～7 号轴封吹洗供汽管

Steam supply pipe for #4~#7 shaft seal blowing



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III-24 蒸汽吹洗后复位 III-24 Resetting after Steam Blowing

在完成蒸汽吹洗后、油压试验前，应将主

要阀门复位至原始安装位置。 After steam blowing and before oil pressure test, reset the main valves to the originally installed positions.

此时应特别注意防止漏汽是至关重要的。 In this case, it is very important to prevent steam leakage.

注意：当阀门作终装配时，应考虑工作

顺序以保证装配工作能在当天完成（目的

在于不要留出开口过夜，以避免外界杂质

进入孔口）。

Note: when the valves are finally assembled, consider the operating sequence to ensure that the assembling work can be completed in the same day (The purpose is not to leave the opening overnight to avoid ingress of foreign matters into the opening).

No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

1 主汽阀

1. Main stop valve

⑴ 清理主汽阀体内部

(1) Clean up the inside of the main stop valve body

清理阀座和疏水口内部，清理阀

门内部。

Clean the inside of valve seat and drain port and clean the valve inside.

⑵ 检查接触度

(2) Check contact.

涂红丹检查阀碟与阀座间的接

触度，并用软油石修磨这一接触

面，以确保要求的接触度。

Apply red lead to check the contact between valve disc and valve seat and use soft oil stone to grind the contact surface to ensure the required contact.



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No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

⑶ 阀杆凸台

(3) Valve stem boss

涂红丹检查其与密封环接触度，

如有必要在两边接触面用磨料

修磨，并用表面相互对研。

Apply red lead to check its contact with the seal ring and if necessary, grind the contact surfaces on the two sides and face up the two surfaces.

⑷ 阀座和阀壳装配

(4) Valve seat and valve case assembling

安装金属缠绕垫圈并紧固下端

法兰。

Install the metal wound gasket and tighten the lower flange.

在接合部位涂二硫化钼润滑剂。

Apply molybdenum disulfide lubricant to the joint.

⑸ 滤网安装

(5) Strainer installation

安装后，确认安装位置合适且滤

网底面和阀壳紧密贴合。

After installation, confirm that the installation position is appropriate and strainer bottom surface and valve case join closely.

⑹ 阀盖安装

(6) Valve cover installation

检查密封处的深度和金属缠绕

垫圈厚度并确定压紧量。



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No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

Check the depth at the seal and the thickness of the metal wound gasket and determine the compression degree

密封面涂二硫化钼润滑剂，而在

螺栓和螺母螺纹处涂起重机润

滑剂（一种高粘度油）。

Apply molybdenum disulfide lubricant to the seal surface and apply crane lubricate (a high viscosity oil) to bolt and nut thread.

⑺ 螺栓的热紧

(7)Hot tightening of bolts

① 在旋紧前，用螺栓伸长仪测

量螺栓长度；

Before tightening, use the bolt extensimeter to measure bolt length;

② 螺栓不加热时旋紧螺栓并

测量法兰间隙；

When the bolt is not heated, tighten the bolt and measure flange clearance;

③ 测量螺栓的伸长量；

Measure bolt elongation;

④ 决定螺母的转动弧长；

Decide nut arc of rotation;

⑤ 加热螺栓以便热紧并冷却；

Heat the bolt for hot tightening and cooling;

⑥ 测量记录下螺栓的伸长量

和法兰间隙



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No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

Measure and record bolt elongation and flange clearance;

⑻ 阀杆连接部分

(8) Valve stem connecting part

当与油动机连接部分连接时，应

注意连接部分间隙，安装限位挡

铁与杠杆。

When the valve stem is connected to the oil servo motor connecting part, note the connecting part clearance and install limit stop and lever.

2 中联阀

2. Combined reheat valve

⑴ 清理中联阀阀体内部

(1) Clean up the inside of the combined reheat valve body

清理阀座和疏水口内部，清理和

检查中联阀内部。

Clean up the inside of valve seat and drain port and clean up and check the inside of combined reheat valve

⑵ 检查阀座的接触度

(2) Check valve seat contact

涂尽可能薄的红丹层检查阀碟

与阀座间的接触度，以及阀杆与

密封环的接触度

Apply as thin red lead layer as possible to check the contact between valve disc and valve seat as well as contact between valve stem and seal ring.



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No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

当接触度不理想时，用软油石修

磨。

If the contact is not ideal, it should be ground with soft oil stone.

⑶ 阀杆装配

(3) Valve step assembling

涂红丹检查与阀壳配合面间的

接触度，在密封面涂二硫化钼润

滑剂。

Apply read lead to the contact with valve case matching surface and apply molybdenum disulfide lubricant to the seal surface.

⑷ 阀体、阀套和阀杆的连接

(4) Connection of valve body, valve bush and valve stem

① 测量阀套和法兰两端的间

隙，并确认实测值与图纸尺寸是

一致的。

Measure the clearance between valve bush and flange at the two ends and confirm that the measured value is the same as drawing dimensions.

② 检查与阀座相配的连接杆

的两端间隙，其值与图纸上规定

值相同。

Check the two end clearance of the connecting rod matching with the valve seat and its value should be the same as the specified value in the drawing.

在直销的螺纹部分涂起重机润



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No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

滑剂。

Apply crane lubricant to the thread of the straight pin.

紧住直联销后用锁紧垫圈将其

锁住。

Tighten the straight connecting pin and then lock it with lock washer.

3 汽封蒸汽管道

3. Gland steam pipe

⑴ 临时管道还回原位

(1) Reset temporary pipe to the original position

拆下连在汽封供汽管和排汽管

上的临时管道，将管道按原位复

装。

Remove the temporary pipe connecting the gland steam supply pipe and exhaust pipe and reinstall the pipe to the original position.

检查管道安装螺栓，确认每一螺

栓紧固恰当并都已锁紧无误。

Check the pipe installation bolt and confirm that each bolt is properly tightened and locked.

⑵ 拆挡板

(2) Remove baffles

确认装于阀杆漏泄处的所有挡

板均已拆除无误。

Confirm that all baffles mounted at the valve leakage are removed.

⑶ 汽封加热器进汽管复位



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No. 工作内容

Work content

记录

Record

参考图

Reference drawing

备注

Remarks

(3) Resetting of steam seal heater steam inlet pipe

拆除临时管道，检查内部管道然

后复位。

Remove the temporary pipe and check the internal pipe and then reset it.

进行氦弧焊接时应特别小心，以

免外来杂质残留在管内。

Use special care in heliarc welding to avoid foreign matters from being left in the pipes.



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附录 1 T-G 基础预埋件安装手册

Appendix 1 T-G Foundation Embedded Parts Installation Manual

目录

Contents

章--节

Chapter

名称

Name

页次

Pages

1 概述

General

2 安装记录

Installation record

2-1 检查零件

Check parts

2-2 划参考线

Mark off reference line

2-3 安装埋件

Install embedded parts

2-4 安装地脚螺栓套筒

Install foundation bolt sleeves

2-5 浇注混凝土

Concrete placement

2-6 终浇注混凝土

Final concrete placement

2-7 终检查 T-G 基础尺寸

Final check of T-G foundation dimensions

2-8 图 1～图 3

Figure 1~Figure 3



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1 概述 1. General

⑴ 范围 (1) Scope

本安装手册仅用于安装 T-G 基础预埋件及

地脚螺栓套筒，需由专业承包者实施，不

允许其它单位参加。

This installation manual is only applicable to the installation of T-G foundation embedded parts and foundation bolt sleeves. The work needs to be implemented by the professional contractor and participation of other organizations is not allowed.

本手册主要介绍安装 T-G 基础预埋件及地

脚螺栓套筒的技术问题，所以普通问题（如

倒角、清洁度等）在此不作介绍。

This manual mainly introduces the technical problems for installation of T-G foundation embedded parts and foundation bolt sleeves and the normal problems (e.g. chamfer, cleanliness etc) are not introduced here.

此外，本手册不含盖因工具及施工顺序的

不同而导致不同的工作方法。 In addition, this manual does not cover the working methods resulting from different tools and construction sequences.

请仔细阅读本手册，在进行实际工作前完

全理解其内容。 Please carefully read this manual and completely understand its contents before actual work.

本说明书中的所有工作应由专业承包者实

施。 All works in this manual are implemented by the professional contractor.

⑵ 本手册的内容及用法由以下部分组

成。 (2) The content and use of this manual are composed of the following.

A 流程图表 A. Flow chart and diagram

流程图表表示了工作顺序，同时也可作索

引用。 Flow chart and diagram indicate working sequence and also can be used as index.

B 规范 B. Specifications

关系着后期工序的成形，并作为大纲说明

工作中要注意的问题。 They are related to the formation of late stage working steps and as an outline describe the problems that should be noted in the works.

每一工序应按规范分步进行。 Every working procedure is carried out by steps according to the specifications.

这些步骤都要求作记录，并提交相应的记

录结果给东汽厂，得到其认可。 All these steps should be recorded and relevant records should be submitted to Dongfang Turbine Works for approval.

C 关于附图 C. About attached drawings



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为更好的理解本规范，在本文后几页给

有附图。 For better understanding of this specification, attached drawings are given in the last several pages of this manual.

⑶ 注意事项。 (3) Precautions.

A 全面理解图纸内容后方可进行整体装

配工作。 A. Completely understand the contents of the drawings before starting the complete assembling work.

B 除图上特别指明外，不允许焊接任何部

位。 B. Do not weld any area unless specially noted in the drawings.

C 装配前，应将交货前所涂的防腐剂清除

干净。 C. Before assembling, remove all anti-corrosive agents applied before delivery.

D 每天工作后，应将产品覆盖上耐火或防

水板，或者是能防止设备损坏及生锈的材

料。

D. Each day after work, cover the product with refractory board or waterproof board or the materials that can prevent equipment damage and rust formation.

E 当吊起地脚螺栓套筒时，注意对准其安

装孔的位置，不要用钢索降下套筒。 E. When lifting the foundation bolt sleeve, align it to its installation hole and do not use wire rope to lower the sleeve.



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2 安装记录 2. Installation record

在现场需记录的地方本手册已特别指明，

且记录应无错误。 This manual has specially indicated the points that need to be recorded on site and the record should be correct.

现场记录应按重要程度分为如下两类，并

按下述要求进行适当调整。 Site record is divided into the following two types according to importance and can be properly adjusted properly according to the following requirements.

⑴ 验收记录 (1) Acceptance record

作完记录后，应立即向东汽厂提交。（在“认可”栏中标识“○”符号）

The record, after completion, should be immediately submitted to Dongfang Turbine Works (Mark “○” in the “Approval” column).

在审核这些测量记录的过程中，有时也要

求作其它记录。 In examining these measuring records, sometimes other records are required.

当审核这些测量结果时，有时要将数据进

行修正。 When examining these measuring records, sometimes the data should be corrected.

因此，记录结果应立即提交给我们以便能

有足够的时间进行修正。 Therefore, recording result should be immediately submitted to us so that we have enough time to correct them.

⑵ 其它记录 (2) Other records

记录要求测量完全、可靠。完成记录后，

应一并提交给东汽厂。 The record should be complete and reliable and submitted together to Dongfang Turbine Works after completion.

T-G 基础预埋件及地脚螺栓套筒的安装规

程 Installation instruction of T-G foundation embedded parts and foundation bolt sleeves

浇注基础混凝土，安装预埋件及地脚螺栓

套筒后，绝不允许移动。 When the foundation concrete is placed and embedded parts and foundation bolt sleeves are installed, they should not be moved at all.

因此安装预埋件及地脚螺栓套筒时要准确

到位，以便于与 T-G 凝汽器及辅助设备的

配件相匹配。

Therefore embedded parts and foundation bolt sleeves should be installed to the accurate positions to easily match with the parts of T-G condenser and auxiliary equipment.

该工程较为困难，因为必须同时使用土木

工程及精密机械仪器。 This work is relatively difficult because civil engineering and precision mechanical



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instruments must be used concurrently.

为便于定地脚螺栓套筒中心位置，专业承

包者需准备施工结构图纸。 To easily determine the center position of the foundation bolt sleeves, the professional contractor needs to prepare the construction structure drawings.

必须集中所有图纸，以便于安装时不会失

误。 All drawings must be collected together to prevent mistake in installation.

在地脚螺栓套筒安装后再浇注混凝土。 Concrete is poured after foundation bolt sleeves are installed.

地脚螺栓套筒安装后，应从相应的参考线

处测量每一个地脚螺栓套筒的中心和高

度。

After foundation bolt sleeves are installed, measure the center and height of each foundation bolt sleeve from the relevant reference line.

在混凝土浇注前后，应检查其位置是否合

适，并记录测量结果。 Before concrete placement, check whether its position is appropriate and record the measuring result.



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2-1 检查零件 2-1 Check parts

安装零件前，检查零件的数量和尺寸，安

装时才不会中途受干扰。 Before installing parts, check their quantity and dimension so that installation will not be interfered.

序号施工项目及内容

Serial No., construction item and content

安装记录

Installation record 备注

Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

1 零件分类

1. Parts classification

零件分为两类：即是预埋件和地脚螺栓套

筒。

Parts are divided into two classes, i.e. embedded part and foundation bolt sleeve.

2 检查数量

2. Check quantity

按下述图纸和“供货明细表”检查预埋件和

地脚螺栓套筒的数量：

Check the quantity of embedded parts and foundation bolt sleeves according to the drawings and “Detailed List of Supplies”:

⑴ 汽轮发电机基础预埋件布置图；

(1) Arrangement drawing of turbine generator foundation embedded parts

⑵ 汽轮发电机地脚螺栓布置图；

(2) Arrangement drawing of turbine generator foundation bolt

⑶ 供货明细表。

(3) Detailed list of supplies.

3 检查零件尺寸

3. Check parts dimension

检查每一个零件的尺寸，确保安装后不会

发生任何问题。



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安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

Check the dimensions of each part and ensure no problem will occur after installation.

4 预埋件的颜色分类

4. Embedded parts color classification

由承包者决定颜色分类明细。

The contractor decides color classification details.

我们推荐分类如下：

We recommend the following classification:

基础混凝土通常分二至四次浇注，因此为

了便于浇注和区分混凝土，在图上用不同

颜色来区别。例如，颜色按下述分类，所

有零件应使用相同的颜色。此外，推荐在

图纸上也标识出相应零件的颜色。

Foundation concrete is generally divided into 2~4 times placement and therefore, to facilitate concrete placement and differentiation, different colors are used in the drawings for identification. For example, colors are classified as follows and all parts should use the same color. In addition, it is recommended that the corresponding parts color is marked in the drawings.

· 第一次混凝土浇注区域：褐色

·First time concrete placement area: brown

· 第二次混凝土浇注区域：橙色

·Second time concrete placement area: orange

· 第三次混凝土浇注区域：黄色

·Third time concrete placement area: yellow



Page 136 of 176



安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

· 第四次混凝土浇注区域：绿色

·Fourth time concrete placement area: green

注：

对那些图纸上没有做颜色区分的零件，推

荐为其名称、数量留出足够的空间，以便

安装预埋件前后的零件检查。

Note: For the parts that are not differentiated with color in the drawings, reserve enough space for their name and quantity to check the parts after embedded parts are installed.



Page 137 of 176

2-2 划参考线 2-2 Mark off reference line

参考线不仅用于安装预埋件，还用于汽轮

发电机、凝汽器及辅助设备的安装。因此，

使用校准后的测量仪器，不允许有任何差

错。尤其是划中心线的尺度应使用钢制工

具，其余则不需要。

The reference line is not only used to install embedded parts but also to install turbine generator, condenser and auxiliary equipment. Therefore, the calibrated measuring instruments are used and no error is allowed. Particularly centerline should be scribed with steel tools but this is not necessary for others.



安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

1 汽轮发电机和凝汽器的中心线应根据

电站基准为参考点进行测量和划线。

1. The centerline of turbine generator and condenser should be measured and scribed with power station reference as the reference point.

第一层表面（底层）中心线应仔细检查，

然后确保钢板靠线装入。

The first layer surface (bottom layer) centerline should be checked carefully and then it is ensured that steel plate is mounted in along the line.

2 辅助参考线

2. Auxiliary reference line

只有汽轮发电机、凝汽器的中心线和标识，

很难检查埋件的安装位置。故在 T-G 基础

的里面和外面精确地标注辅助参考线。

With only turbine generator and condenser centerline and identification, it is difficult to check the installation position of embedded parts. Therefore auxiliary reference line is accurately marked in and out of the T-G

图 1

Figure 1

○



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安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval foundation.

为了便于以后检查埋件，要求作上述辅助

参考线，与 T-G 基础图参考线（中心线）

相匹配。

To facilitate subsequent embedded parts inspection, the above auxiliary reference line should be made and match with the reference line (centerline) on the T-G foundation drawing.

3 垂直面的参考线

3. Reference line of vertical surface

“垂直面＝0”，应在安装区域支承柱附近作

标识。每一层垂直面都应作相同的记号。

“Vertical surface=0” and it should be marked near the supporting pillar in the installation area. Each layer vertical surface should be marked with the same mark.

4 检查参考线的垂直度

4. Check the verticality of the reference line

如果参考线的垂直度不准确，就会导致

T-G 凝汽器和辅助设备不能安装。

If the verticality of the reference line is inaccurate, T-G condenser and auxiliary equipment can not be installed.

因此垂直度检查必须准确无误。

Therefore verticality check must be accurate and correct.



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2-3 安装埋件 2-3 Install embedded parts

在水泥基础的钢筋安装好且地脚螺栓模板

安装完后，再安装埋件。当安装埋件时，

应将其固定牢固，以免机组运行时埋件移

动。

After cement foundation reinforcement and foundation bolt template are installed, the embedded parts are installed. When installing the embedded parts, fix them firmly to avoid their movement during unit operation.

安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

1 标注埋件位置

1. Mark the position of embedded parts

测量并标识模板表面参考线，确定埋件相

对于参考线的安装位置。

Measure and identify the template surface reference line and determine the installation position of the embedded parts relative to the reference line.

划线时，中心线的标注应延长，比埋件实

际埋入的范围大。

During laying out, centerline marking should be extended and exceeds the actual embedding range of the embedded parts.

2 标识记录

2 Identification record

在模板上标注完后，标注位置的记录应收

集起来，并检查是否与图纸一致。

After marking on the template is finished, collect the position marking record and check whether it is consistent with the drawing.

3 切割模板

3. Cut template

○



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安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

当安装埋件时，若必须切割模板，则采取

适当措施，如将标识线标注到背面。

When the embedded parts are installed, if it is necessary to cut the template, appropriate measures should be taken, e.g. mark the identification line on the back.

4 清除油和油脂

4. Remove oil and grease

完全清除埋件的油和油脂（包括油漆），使

混凝土能更好地与其贴合。

Completely remove oil and grease (including paint) from the embedded parts so that they better join with concrete.

5 埋入管道

5. Buried pipes

埋入管道和其它管件时，应用钢板或类似

材料制成的塞子或塞片附在管口上，使水

泥不会进入管道。

When pipes and other fittings are buried, the plug or pad made of steel plate or similar material should be attached to the pipe opening to prevent cement from entering the pipe.

排水管和类似管道要求有排水斜度，必须

仔细参看图纸，将其安装到位。

Drain pipe and similar pipe should have drain slope and it is necessary to refer to the drawing to install them to the position.

6 加固埋件

6. Reinforce the embedded parts

确定每一个埋件都与一混凝土钢筋连接

好，以便在浇注混凝土时，埋件不会移动



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安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval 或离开（不能焊接）。

Determine that each embedded part is well connected to a concrete reinforcement so that the embedded parts will not move or leave when concrete is placed (do not weld).

7 埋件的安装公差

7. Installation tolerance of embedded parts

除图上特别指明外，每个埋件的中心尺寸

及安装公差应在±10.0mm 范围内（轴向和

垂直方向），有关尺寸参见图纸。

Unless specially noted in the drawings, the center dimension and installation tolerance of the whole embedded part should be within 10.0mm (axial and vertical) and related dimensions are shown in the drawings.



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2-4 安装地脚螺栓套筒 2-4 Install foundation bolt sleeves

地脚螺栓套筒埋入水泥基础后，绝不能移

动它们。将地脚螺栓套筒按 T-G 和凝汽器

中心线等定位。准确安装并加固地脚螺栓

套筒，使之在浇注混凝土时不会因混凝土

流动而导致错位。为加固地脚螺栓套筒，

应用立柱和木塞（承包者提供）支承，不

能用水泥基础钢筋支承。此外，每一个地

脚螺栓套筒应布置在不会碰到钢筋的区

域，且两者之间应留有足够间隙。

When the foundation bolt sleeves are buried in the cement foundation, never move them. Position the foundation bolt sleeves based on T-G and condenser centerline. Accurately install and reinforce the foundation bolt sleeves so that they will not be dislocated due to concrete flow. In order to reinforce foundation bolt sleeves, they should be supported with stand column and wood plug (supplied by the contractor) other than cement foundation reinforcement. In addition, each foundation bolt sleeve should be arranged in the area where reinforcement will not be touched and sufficient clearance should be left between the two.



安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

1 检查参考线

1. Check the reference line

安装地脚螺栓套筒前，检查标注在平台上

T-G 和凝汽器中心线。确定这些参考线与

基础框架上标注的 T-G 和凝汽器中心线相

符。

Before installing the foundation bolt sleeves, check and the T-G and condenser centerline marked on the platform. Make sure that these reference lines conform to the T-G and condenser centerline marked on the foundation frame.

2 检查参考线的垂直度

2. Check the verticality of the reference line.

检查 T-G 中心线和凝汽器的垂直度。

○



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安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

Check the verticality of T-G centerline and condenser.

3 地脚螺栓套筒的中心线

3. Centerline of foundation bolt sleeves

从 T-G 和凝汽器中心线处，计算并测量地

脚螺栓套筒中心，在框架上做出标识。

From the T-G and condenser centerline, calculate and measure the foundation bolt sleeve center and make identification on the frame.

4 检查地脚螺栓套筒中心线垂直度

4. Check the verticality of foundation bolt sleeve centerline

测量中心线对角线长度，对角线之间的

大差异不应超过 2mm。

Measure the centerline diagonal line length; the maximum difference between diagonal lines should not exceed 2mm.

5 安装地脚螺栓套筒

5. Install foundation bolt sleeves

测量轴向和垂直方向的距离、基于套筒中

心线的垂直度，并按图示安置每一个地脚

螺栓套筒。

Measure the axial and vertical distances and the verticality based on sleeve centerline and install each foundation bolt sleeve as shown.

6 地脚螺栓套筒位置的终检查

6. Final check of foundation bolt sleeve position

T-G 基础浇注完成、地脚螺栓套筒安装好

后，需终检查参考线和套筒中心线位置，

图 1、2

Figure 1, 2

○

○

图 2

Figure 2

○

图 3

Figure 3

○

图 2

○



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安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval 并记录检查结果。

After T-G foundation placement and foundation bolt sleeve installation are completed, it is necessary to finally check the reference line and sleeve centerline position and record the check result.

东汽厂现场负责人根据以上记录，进行见

证。

The chief person on site from Dongfang Turbine Works gives witness according to the above record.

若东汽现场负责人不在现场，那么以上记

录应送到东汽得到认可。

If the chief person on site from Dongfang Turbine Works is not present on site, the above records should be submitted to Dongfang Turbine Works for approval.

该过程需要相当长的时间，包括收集终

记录、证明检查、提交记录得到认可、返

回记录，等等。因此，在开始时，就应为

该程序留够充足的时间。

This process is a long period of time involving final record collection, certificate check, submission of record for approval, record return etc. Therefore in the beginning sufficient time should be reserved for this procedure.

7 终检查

7. Final check

⑴ 检查每一个地脚螺栓套筒是否加固牢

靠。

(1) Check whether each foundation bolt sleeve is reinforced firmly.



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安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

⑵ 检查若有任何地脚螺栓套筒接触到混

凝土钢筋，就应使地脚螺栓套筒和加强筋

之间保留足够间隙。

(2) If any foundation bolt sleeve contacts concrete reinforcement, keep sufficient gap between foundation bolt sleeve and reinforcing bar.

⑶ 检查混凝土钢筋的高度是否与图纸一

致。

(3) Check whether concrete reinforcement height is the same as drawing.

⑷ 检查地脚螺栓套筒与模板之间是否留

有足够间隙。

(4) Check whether sufficient gap is reserved between foundation bolt sleeve and template.

⑸ 检查模板上灰尘和杂质（木屑、金属

屑等）是否清除干净。

(5) Check whether dust and foreign matters (wood chip, metal chip etc) have been removed on the template.

⑹ 检查模板与埋件间是否留有足够间

隙。

(6) Check whether sufficient gap is reserved between template and embedded parts.

⑺ 检查模板尺寸是否与图纸一致。

(7) Check whether template dimension is the same as shown in the drawing.

⑻ 检查模板是否倾斜。

(8) Check whether template is inclined.

○

○



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2-5 浇注混凝土 2-5 Concrete placement

如果只从一个方向浇注混凝土，模板有可

能会倾斜或下沉。因此应从不同方向均衡

浇注。在混凝土浇注过程中，使用竹棍、

振动器等工具将混凝土填充到每个角落。

If concrete is placed only in one direction, template may be inclined or sink, thus it is necessary to place concrete evenly from different directions. During concrete placement, use bamboo stick and vibrator etc to fill each corner with concrete.



安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval

1 混凝土浇注前检查

1. Check before concrete placement

⑴ 浇注混凝土前，清除残留在模板上的

灰尘和杂质（木屑、金属屑等）。

(1) Before concrete placement, remove dust and foreign matters (wood chip, metal chip etc) from the template.

⑵ 要求在图上规定水泥主钢筋的强度，

确定其材料能承受的规定强度。

(2) It is required that strength of cement main bar be specified and the specified strength borne by its material be determined.

⑶ 检查并记录模板尺寸和垂直度。

(3) Check and record template dimension and verticality.

2 混凝土浇注高度

2. Concrete placement height

浇注混凝土的高度应预先确定，且必须检

查浇注混凝土的实际高度是否与预先确定

的值一致。

Concrete placement height should be predetermined and it is necessary to check

○



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安装记录


Remarks 记录

Record

认可

Approval whether the actual height of concrete placement is the same as the predetermined value.

3 标注

3. Marking

混凝土浇注、凝固后，标注下次需安装埋

件的参考线，并安装埋件。

After concrete placement and setting, mark the reference line for installation of embedded parts next time and install embedded parts.

参考线的标注规范与工序 2 相同。

Marking specification of the reference line is the same as 2.



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2-6 终浇注混凝土 2-6 Final concrete placement

1 终浇注混凝土后，混凝土表面应铲毛

深约 50mm，使二次灌浆的水泥浆能完全粘

附在混凝土上，因此必须测量混凝土主钢

筋距混凝土表面的距离，确保表面铲毛后

主钢筋不会暴露在外。另外，发电机集风

道的预埋件水平度必须在±2mm 以内（以发

电机的要求为准）。

1. After final concrete placement, concrete surface should be chiseled for 50mm depth so that cement slurry for secondary grouting can completely adhere to the concrete. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the distance from concrete main bar to concrete surface to ensure main bar will not expose after surface toughening. In addition, the embedded part levelness of generator air duct must be within 2mm (subject to generator requirements).

2 如果只从一个方向浇注混凝土，模板有

可能会倾斜或下沉，或者使主钢筋产生移

动，导致与地脚螺栓套筒接触。

2. If concrete is placed in one direct, template may be inclined or sink or the main bar may be shifted to get in contact with foundation bolt sleeve.

3 在混凝土浇注过程中，使用竹棍、振动

器等工具将混凝土填充到每个角落。 3. During concrete placement, use bamboo stick and vibrator etc to fill each corner with concrete.



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2-7 终检查 T-G 基础尺寸 2-7 Final check of T-G foundation dimensions

终浇注混凝土且混凝土凝固后，必须测

量和记录以下尺寸，并将记录送到东汽公

司得到认可。

After final concrete placement and setting, it is necessary to measure and record the following dimensions and send the record to Dongfang Turbine Works for approval.

⑴ 参考线和地脚螺栓套筒中心线。 (1) Reference line and foundation bolt sleeve centerline

T⑵ -G 基础开口尺寸。 (2) T-G foundation opening dimension.

T⑶ -G 基础开口垂直度。 (3) T-G foundation opening verticality.

⑷ 地脚螺栓套筒的定位尺寸。 (4) Locating dimension of foundation bolt sleeve.

⑸ 地脚螺栓套筒的垂直度。 (5) Verticality of foundation bolt sleeve.

⑹ 排油管套筒的定位尺寸。 (6) Locating dimension of oil discharge pipe sleeve.



Page 150 of 176

图 1（定型图） Figure 1 (Type Fixing Drawing)

检查参考线的垂直度，测量对角线长度，检查方法如下：

Check reference line verticality and measure diagonal length. Check method is as follows:

如果线与线之间有任何差异，如 C-F 和 C-F’或 C’-F 和 C’-F’之间有差异，说明凝汽器中

心线与 T-G 中心线不在正确的角度上（相互不垂直）。

If there is any difference between lines, e.g. difference between C-F and C-F’ and C’-F’, it indicates that condenser centerline and T-G centerline are not at the correct angle (not orthogonally).

Condenser centerline (Floor 3)

T-G centerline (Floor 3)

T-G foundation

Condenser centerline (reference line) (Floor 1) T-G centerline (reference

line) (Floor 1)



Page 151 of 176

图 2 Figure 2

检查参考线的垂直度。 Check the verticality of reference line.

⑴ 凝汽器中心线

-------------------------------------------A-A’ (1) Condenser centerline

⑵ 地脚螺栓套筒中心参考线

-------------------------B-B’和 C-C’ (2) Foundation bolt sleeve center reference line

记录地脚螺栓套筒中心位置。 Record the foundation bolt sleeve center position.

测量并记录每一个地脚螺栓套筒相对于参

考线的位置尺寸。 Measure and record the position dimension of each foundation bolt sleeve relative to reference line.

例如： For example:

距凝汽器参考线：1、2、3； To condenser reference line: 1, 2, 3;

距 T-G 中心线：(a)、(b)。 To T-G centerline: (a), (b).

T-G centerline (reference line)

Foundation bolt sleeve center reference line

Condenser centerline (reference line)



Page 152 of 176

图 3 安装地脚螺栓套筒 Figure 3 Installation of Foundation Bolt Sleeve

至于地脚螺栓套筒的垂直度，需测量以下

尺寸并计算其差异。 For the verticality of foundation bolt sleeve, it is necessary to measure the following dimensions and calculate their difference.

在“a”部分：尺寸 X-Y Part “a”: dimension X-Y

在“b”部分：尺寸 X-Y Part “b”: dimension X-Y

Frame

Workholding fixture

Foundation bolt sleeve

Plumb

Wood plug

Template



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附录 2 T-G 基础样板安装手册 Appendix 2 T-G Foundation Template Installation Manual

1 概述 1. General

本手册仅介绍基础样板的安装，其他资料

将另外提供。 This manual only introduces the installation of foundation template and other data will be supplied separately.

2 基础样板安装规程 2. Foundation template installation instruction

基础样板用于地脚螺栓的精确定位，因而

样板的装配与定位必须非常准确。 Foundation template is used to accurately position the foundation bolts and therefore their assembling and positioning must be very accurate.

2-1 基础样板的装配 2-1 Assembling of foundation template

⑴ 在基础 0 米平层上标识的汽轮－发电

机中心，排汽缸、电机中心处悬垂一铅球，

在铅球所指向的混凝土表面标识出 T-G 中

心，排汽缸和电机中心。

(1) Suspend a plumb at the T-G center and exhaust hood and motor center marked on the foundation 0m floor and mark the T-G center, exhaust hood and motor center on the concrete surface pointed by the plumb.

⑵ 参考上述中心线，测量并标识样板支

承柱的安装位置，然后安装支承柱，需牢

固不倒。

(2) Based on the above centerlines, measure and mark the installation position of the template support pillar and then install the support pillar which should be firm and should not fall.

⑶ 样板底面调水平。 (3) Level the template bottom surface.

⑷ 测量样板对角线长度以确定地脚螺栓

孔与排汽缸、电机及 T-G 中心的相对位置。

(4) Measure the template diagonal length to determine the relative position of foundation bolt to exhaust hood, motor and T-G center.

2-2 地脚螺栓的就位 2-2 Positioning of foundation bolt

⑴ 检查地脚螺栓是否清洁无油污，套筒

与螺母是否焊好。 (1) Check whether foundation bolt is clean and free from oil stain and sleeve and nut are welded.

⑵ 用钢卷尺测量螺栓孔与 T-G 及排汽缸

中心的距离来确定安装位置，通过调整套

筒及垫片保证水平，同时保证公差要求。

(2) Use steel tape to measure the distance between bolt hole and T-G and exhaust hood center to determine the installation position and ensure the levelness by adjusting sleeve and shim and also ensure tolerance requirements.



Page 154 of 176

⑶ 调整地脚螺栓螺母保证地脚螺栓高度

满足公差要求。 (3) Adjust foundation bolt nut to ensure that foundation bolt height meets the tolerance requirements.

⑷ 在⑵、⑶完成后，确认地脚螺栓竖直

不倾斜，然后焊接样板与调整垫片。 (4) After (2) and (3) are completed, confirm that the foundation bolt is not vertically inclined and then weld the template and adjusting shim.

⑸ 保证地脚螺栓下端刚性焊接，并采用

加强筋加固，进一步增强其与样板的连接

刚性，以便浇灌混凝土时地脚螺栓不发生

位移。

(5) Ensure that lower end of foundation bolt is rigidly welded and stiffened with reinforcing bar to further enhance its rigid connection with template so that the foundation bolt does not shift during concrete placement.

2-3 基础样板的拆装 2-3 Removal of foundation template

原则上，拆装过程与安装过程正好相反，

但拆装时应注意安全。并且，不得破坏地

脚螺栓螺纹部位。

In principle, removing process is a reverse process of installation but safety should be ensured in removal. Additionally, do not destruct the thread position of foundation bolt.

注： Notes:

⑴ 详细细节参见相应图纸。 (1) For details, refer to the relevant drawings.

⑵ 地脚螺栓不得与混凝土钢筋焊接。 (2) Foundation bolt should be welded to concrete reinforcement.

⑶ 混凝土不得灌入地脚螺栓套筒（安装

汽轮机基架台板时灌浆） (3) Concrete should be grouted into the foundation bolt sleeve (grouted when turbine bed frame bed plate is installed).

⑷ 用经纬水准仪检查地脚螺栓高度。 (4) Use transit level to check the height of foundation bolt.

⑸ 复检地脚螺栓与 T-G、排汽缸、电机中

心距离（同时复检对角线长度）。 (5) Recheck the distance between foundation bolt and T-G, exhaust hood and motor center (also recheck diagonal length).

⑹ 地脚螺栓安装的允许公差 (6) Allowable tolerance for foundation bolt installation

A 垂直方向——地脚螺栓顶部允许高出

图示 5~7mm。 A. Vertical direction-the top of foundation bolt is allowed to be 5~7mm higher than the shown height.



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B 水平方向——图示尺寸+1mm。 B. Horizontal direction-shown dimension 1mm.

C 正交中心线——总长+2mm。 C. Orthogonal centerline-total length 2mm.



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附录 3 连接低压缸下半与凝汽器

的气体保护焊规程 Appendix 3 Regulations of Gas

Shielded Welding for Connecting Lower Half of Lower Pressure

Cylinder to Condenser

1 范围 1. Scope

本规程用于连接低压缸下半与凝汽器的气

体保护焊。本规范中除特别说明，所有焊

接应符合 ASME 规范第 IX 章要求。

This instruction is used for the gas shielded welding for connecting the low pressure cylinder lower halt to the condenser. Unless other specially noted in this instruction, all welding shall meet the Chapter IX of ASME.

2 焊前准备 2. Preparation before welding

⑴ 在凝汽器内侧所有需施焊的工件处，

做一脚手架并将板条根部联接好，然后根

据周围环境安装扶手。

(1) At all workpieces that need to be welded in the condenser, erect a scaffold and connect batten root and then install handrail according to surrounding environment.

⑵ 施焊前，按下述要求进行： (2) Before welding, do the following work.

⑶ 确定从事该焊接的焊工有 JIS 或 ANSI标准的焊接资格。

(3) Determine that the welders have the qualification specified in JIS or ANSI standard.

⑷ 确定低压排汽缸和凝汽器连接壳体的

坡口尺寸。如果间隙过宽，在焊接时会导

致汽轮机本体的变形，因此需将间隙调整

在图示公差范围内。

(4) Determine the groove dimension of the low pressure exhaust hood and condenser connecting shell. If the gap is too wide, the turbine proper may be deformed in welding and therefore the gap should be adjusted to be within the shown tolerance range.

⑸ 焊前需确定放置在低压排汽缸和凝汽

器连接壳体外周支撑条配合面的间隙。如

果有太多的皱褶，应打磨光滑或对凝汽器

连接壳体施加组焊，以保护坡口尺寸。

(5) Before welding, determine the clearance of the matching surfaces of the supporting strips placed between the low pressure exhaust hood and condenser connecting shell. If there are two many ruffles, they should be polished or the condenser connecting shell should be welded to ensure groove dimension.

⑹ 在低压排汽缸和凝汽器连接壳体之间

的内表面打定位标记，节距为 500mm，同

时，两者之间垂直方向的距离应为 120mm（详见图 1）。

(6) Position marks at 500mm pitch in the internal surface between the low pressure exhaust hood and condenser connecting shell. The drilling distance between the two in the



Page 157 of 176

vertical direction should be 120mm (See Figure 1 for details).

⑺ 确定焊接区域的坡口尺寸在图示公差

尺寸范围内，制作适当尺寸的槽形支架，

并将其装在低压排汽缸上，节距为 600mm（详见图 2）。

(7) Determine that the groove dimension of the welding area is in the shown tolerance dimension range. Make the groove shaped supports of appropriate sizes and install them on the low pressure exhaust hood at 600mm pitch (See Figure 2 for details).

垂直方向的测量尺寸有可能会比焊后的尺寸略长或略短。

Vertical measuring dimensions may be slightly longer or shorter than the post-weld dimensions.

图 1 图 2

[Figure 1] [Figure 2]

Low pressure exhaust hood shell

Low pressure exhaust hood shell

Supporting strip Supporting strip

Condenser connecting shell

Condenser connecting shell

Support

Weld



Page 158 of 176

3 焊接规程 3. Welding instruction

3-1 焊接需由 4 名焊工按图 3 所示数字顺

序依次进行。 3-1 Welding needs to be performed by four welders according to the numerical sequence shown in Figure 3.

⑴ 从 4 处中心开始第 1 点的焊接。4 名焊

工在相对侧从中心处开始对角焊。在焊接

第 1 点时，间断焊接的长度为 150mm，节

距约为 50mm。该区域的焊接直接影响到低

压缸的轴承部分。

(1) Weld Point 1 point from four centers. Four welders start diagonal welding from the center in the opposite sides. When Point 1 is welded, the discontinuous welding length is 150mm and pitch is 50mm. Welding in this area directly affect the bearing part of the low pressure cylinder.

⑵ 焊条使用低氢型焊条 JIS-D4316 或其

它等效材料。 (2) Electrode should be low hydrogen electrode JIS-D4316 or other equivalent materials.

⑶ 间断焊接完后，焊接剩余部分约每段

50mm 长。 (3) After discontinuous welding is completed, the remaining welding part is about 50mm for each section.

3-2 焊接完第 1 点后，在相反方向进行第

2 点焊接并打磨平整。 3-2 After Point 1 is welded, weld Point 2 in the opposite direction and polish it.

3-3 在焊接排汽缸时，从第 1 点到第 3 点

的焊接过程中，焊接距离应相应进行调整。

3-3 In welding the exhaust hood, the welding distance should be adjusted accordingly from Point 1 to Point 3.

3-4 因此，应仔细测量该距离变化。 3-4 Therefore, the change of this distance

Figure 3 Welding Instruction

Turbine centerline



Page 159 of 176

should be carefully measured.

3-5 在焊接排汽缸的第 4 点至其余各点

时，应连续焊接。要求在焊接过程中随时

检查是否有变化，观察并确定无误直到所

有点焊接完毕。

3-5 Point 4 and other points of the exhaust hood should be welded continuously. Check any change frequently during welding and observe and determine that everything is normal until all points are welded.

3-6 为消除应力，各点焊好后再用空气锤

打磨平整，后一点除外。 3-6 To release stress, all points, after welded, should be polished with air hammer except the last point.

3-7 所有点焊完后，检查基础板的水平记

录。 3-7 After all points are welded, check the foundation plate levelness record.

3-8 每一处焊接后，应测量汽缸的变形，

如图 4 中“A”尺寸。然后根据测量结果调整

焊接顺序，如：测量出某部分“A”尺寸比其

它部分尺寸大，就应先焊接该部分。

3-8 After each point is welded, measure casing deformation, e.g. dimension “A” in Figure. Then adjust the welding sequence based on the measuring result. For example, if the dimension of a certain part “A” is larger than the other parts after measurement, this part should be welded first.

3-9 焊后应在“B”处（见图 4）测量排汽缸

的变形量，须小于 7mm（详见图 5）。 3-9 After welding, measure the exhaust hood deformation at “B” (See Figure), which should be less than 7mm (See Figure 5 for details).

3-10 焊接顺序 3-10 Welding sequence

焊接顺序见表 1： Welding sequence is shown in Table 1:

Figure 4 Welding Drawing Figure 5 Exhaust Hood Deformation

Inside

Outside

Supporting strip

Inside Outside

Turbine centerline Exhaust hood before welding

Exhaust hood after welding



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表 1 焊接顺序

Table 1 Welding Sequence

第点

Point

焊条直径

Electrode diameter

第 1 点

Point 1 1/8”(3.2mm)

第 2 点及其余各点

Point 2 and other points

5/32”(4.0mm)

3/16”(5.0mm)

1/4”(6.0mm)

后 1 点

Last point 1/8”(3.2mm)

3-11 焊条 3-11 Electrode

可采用表 2 中等效或好于“AWS”（※①）

材料。 The material equivalent to or better than “AWS” (※) in the table can be used.

所有焊条应在电炉内烘干，温度

300 ~350℃ ℃，时长 1 小时（见表 3）。 All electrodes should be dried in electric oven at 300C~350C for 1h (See Table 3).

表 2 焊条

Table 2 Electrode

涂层类型

Coating type AWS JIS

厂商名称

Manufacturer’s name

低氢型

Low nitrogen E7016（※①） D4316 S-16（※②）LB-26（※③）

※ ① 美国焊接协会

※ American Welding Society

※ ② 日本钢性焊接产品工程有限公司（日本）

※ ※ Japanese Steel Welded Product Engineering Co. Ltd (Japan)

※ ③ 神户钢铁有限公司（日本）

※ Kobe Steel Ltd (Japan)



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表 3 焊条加热温度

Table 3 Electrode Heating Temperature

涂层类型

Coating type

焊条加热温度

Electrode heating temperature（℃）

加热时间

Heating time

低氢型

Low hydrogen 300～350

1 小时

1h

3-12 焊接及焊接电流 3-12 Welding and welding current

焊接使用交流电弧焊，焊接电流见表 4，其

电流与焊条直径有关。 AC arc welding is used and welding current is shown in Table 4. Its current is related to electrode diameter.

表 4 焊接电流

Table 4 Welding Current

焊条直径（mm）

Electrode diameter (mm)

3.2 4 5 6

焊接电流（A）

Welding current (A) 80～120 130～170 170～220 230～280

3-13 预热温度 3-13 Preheating temperature

根据环境温度的情况来确定预热温度，见

表 5。 Determine the preheating temperature according to ambient temperature. See Table 5.

表 5 预热温度

Table 5 Preheating Temperature 环境温度（℃）

Ambient temperature (C)

预热温度（℃）

Preheating temperature (C) ≤20 20～50

＞20 不需预热

Preheating not needed



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3-14 焊工取证 3-14 Welder’s certificate

焊工须取得 ASME 锅炉及压力容器焊接资

格证书（按 ASME 锅炉及压力容器焊接规

范第 IX 章“焊接取证”要求）

The welder must obtain ASME boiler and pressure vessel welding qualification certificate (in accordance with Chapter IX “Welder’s Certificate” of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Welding Code”.

3-15 焊缝检查 3-15 Weld inspection

检查应按照 ASME 锅炉及压力容器焊接规

范第 VIII 章附录 8“着色探伤检查方法

（PT）”要求进行，检查验收标准见表 6。

Inspection should be carried out according to Appendix 8 “Dye Penetrant Test Method (PT)”, Chapter VIII of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Welding Code and the inspection acceptance criteria are shown in Table.

表 6 检查验收标准

Table 6 Inspection Acceptance Criteria 验收标准

Acceptance criteria

线性指示

Linear indication

缺损指示

Defect indication 大允许直径（mm）

Maximum allowable diameter (mm)

大允许缺陷长度（mm）

Maximum allowable defect length (mm)

不合格

Unacceptable φ1.0 30

3-16 储存焊接工具，将其整齐的放在规定

地方。同时，清扫凝汽器内表面，并拆除

脚手架。

3-16 Store the welding tools and put them orderly in the specified area. At the same time, sweep the condenser inside and remove scaffold.



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附录 4 联合再热阀联接规程

Appendix 4 Combined Reheat Valve Connection Regulations

目录

Contents

章--节

Chapter

名称

Name

页次

Page

1 范围

Scope

2 规程

Instruction

3 材料

Material

4 焊接材料

Welding material

5 设备

Equipment

6 焊前准备

Preparation before welding

7 焊接接头对齐

Welding joint alignment

8 焊接规程

Welding instruction

9 预热及层间温度

Preheating and interlayer temperature

10 焊后热处理

Post weld heat treatment

11 焊缝检查

Weld check

12 记录

Record



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13 文件提交

Document submission

14 偏差

Deviation

15 附录

Appendix



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1 范围 1. Scope

本规程适用于联合再热阀与高压外缸的现

场焊接。所有焊接应符合本规程，并遵循

ASME 锅炉及压力容器焊接规范第 IX 章要

求（1979 版）。

This instruction is applicable to the site welding of combined reheat valve and high pressure outer casing. All welding shall conform to this instruction and Chapter IX of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Welding Code (1979).

2 规程 2. Instruction

根部焊接采用惰性气体保护焊（GTAW，），

第 2 及其以后各层采用熔焊金属保护焊

（SMAW）。

Inert gas shielded arc welding (GTAW) is used and the second layer and subsequent layers are welded with shielded metal-arc welding (SMAW).

3 材料 3. Material

3.1 汽缸材料 3.1 Casing material

A 联合再热阀：Cr-Mo 钢铸件 A. Combined reheat valve: Cr-Mo steel casting

B 高压外缸：Cr-Mo 钢铸件 B. High pressure outer casing: Cr-Mo steel casting

3.2 材料规格 3.2 Material specification

本规程所适用的钢管直径和壁厚如下： This instruction is applicable to the following steep pipe diameter and wall thickness:

钢管直径：640.0mm Steel pipe diameter: 640.0mm

钢管厚度：58.0mm Steel pipe thickness: 58.0mm

4 焊接材料 4. Welding material

4.1 熔焊金属材料 4.1 Fusion wel ding metal material

根部熔焊金属采用 ASME 第 II 章第 C 部分

材料规范 No.SFA5.28 中的 AWS 分类

ER90S-G 材料或其他等效材料。

Root fusion welding metal is the AWS Class ER90S-G material in Part C Material Specification No.SFA5.28, Chapter II of ASME or other equivalent materials.

其余各层熔焊金属采用 ASME 第 II 章第 C部分材料规范 No.SFA5.5 中的 AWS 分类

E9015-B3L 材料或其他等效材料。

Fusion welding metal for other layers is AWS Class E9015-B3L material in Part C Material Specification No.SFA5.5, Chapter II of ASME or other equivalent materials.

所有焊条熔焊前，应在电炉内烘干，温度

300 ~350℃ ℃，时长 3 小时。 Before welding, all electrodes are dried in the electric over at 300C~350C for 3h.

4.2 保护气体 4.2 Shielding gas



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采用不低于 99.9%纯度的焊接用氩气。 99.9% welding argon is used.≮

焊接时为保护焊缝，氩气流量需保持 0.7m3/小时。

To protect weld during welding, argon flow needs to be maintained at 0.7m3/h.

5 设备 5. Equipment

5.1 焊接用电机 5.1 Welding motor

钨惰性气体保护焊（GTAW）使用直流电机。 Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) uses DC motor.

熔焊金属极保护焊（SMAW）使用直流电

机。 Shielded metal-arc welding (SMAW) uses DC motor

6 焊前准备 6. Preparation before welding

6.1 焊接坡口 6.1 Welding groove

联合再热阀与高压外缸的焊接坡口按图 6加工。

The welding groove between the combined reheat valve and the high pressure outer casing is processed according to Figure 6.

6.2 坡口面 6.2 Groove face

所有坡口面应无损，并除油、除脂、除锈、

除杂质。 All groove faces should be undamaged and be removed of oil, grease, rust and foreign matters.

7 焊接接头对齐 7. Welding joint alignment

7.1 对齐方法 7.1 Aligning method

在联合再热阀与高压外缸A.1及A.2处焊接

4 支支架用于定位，详见图 1。 Four supports are welded at A.1 and A.2 between the combined reheat valve and the high pressure outer casing for positioning. See Figure 1 for details.

7.2 支架 7.2 Support

支架用 15~20mm 厚低碳钢板制成。 The support is made of 15~20mm thick low carbon steel plate.

7.3 支架焊接 7.3 Support welding

支架焊接前，所有焊接部位用氧乙炔焊炬

预热 250 ~300℃ ℃。 Before the support is welding, all welding areas should be preheated to 250C~300C with oxyacetylene welding torch.

首先，将支架焊于高压外缸（采用角焊缝，

焊脚长度为 15mm），焊接部位用不含石棉

的绝热材料覆盖慢冷至室温。

First, weld the support to the high pressure outer casing (fillet weld, weld leg length 15mm) and cover the welding area with asbestos-free heat-insulating material to gradually cool to room temperature.



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然后，待高压外缸及支架冷却后，将联合

再热阀置于外缸处，保证二者坡口根部间

隙 4.1~4.3mm，中心误差不超过 0.5mm。焊

接支架时需测量坡口根部间隙。焊后，焊

接部位按上述相同方法冷却。

Then after the high pressure outer casing and support are cooled, place the combined reheat valve to the outer casing and ensure that the groove root gap between the two is 4.1~4.3mm and center error does not exceed 0.5mm. Support welding needs to measure the groove root gap. After welding, the welding area is cooled using the above method.

按第 9 项要求预热后，测量坡口根部间隙

保证 3.5+0.5mm，佳间隙为 3.5mm。 After preheating according to 9, measure and ensure 3.50.5mm groove root gap. The best gap is 3.5mm.

间隙超过 4.0mm 或过小时，需拆下支架并

将联合再热阀从新定位。 When the gap exceeds 4.0mm or is too small, remove the support and re-position the combined reheat valve.

7.4 拆下支架 7.4 Remove support

在第一层采用惰性气体保护焊（GTAW）及

第二层采用熔焊金属保护焊（SMAW）之

后，将连接在汽缸及阀门的支架在距平板

3mm 处割下。

After one layer is welded with gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and the second is welded with shielded metal-arc welding (SMAW), cut off the support connected to the casing and valve at 3mm from the flat plate.

在焊接及焊后热处理完成后，焊缝应打磨

光滑以进行着色（PT）及磁粉（MT）探伤

检查。

After welding and post weld heat treatment are finished, polish the weld to perform dye penetrant inspection (PT) and magnetic particle inspection (MT).

8 焊接规程 8. Welding instruction

8.1 概述 8.1 General

焊接方法见图 5。 Welding method is shown in Figure 5.

为防止焊接变形，应由两名焊工对称焊接。 To prevent welding deformation, two welders should weld symmetrically.

8.2 定位 8.2 Positioning

各处定位均应合格。 All areas should be satisfactorily positioned.

8.3 根部焊接（第 1 层） 8.3 Root welding (Layer 1)

根部焊接采用惰性气体保护焊（GTAW）并

对焊接部位作目视检查。去除所有缺陷后

施焊。

Root is welded with gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and welding area should be visually checked. Welding is performed after all defects are removed.



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焊接过程中联合再热阀的任何移动均需作

记录。 Any movement of reheating interception/stop valve during welding process shall be recorded.

8.4 其余各层焊接 8.4 Welding of other layers

其余各层焊接采用熔焊金属极保护焊

（SMAW），为防止焊接变形，应由两名焊

工对称焊接。焊接过程不得中断。

All the other layers are welded with shielded metal-arc welding (SMAW). To prevent welding deformation, two welders should weld symmetrically and welding process should not be discontinued.

焊缝加厚高度不得超过 3mm，焊接时从边

缘到中心应逐渐加厚。 Increased weld height shall not exceed 3mm and the thickness is increased from edge to center.

焊接过程中联合再热阀的任何移动均需作

记录。 Any movement of the combined reheat valve during welding should be recorded.

8.5 焊缝打磨 8.5 Weld polishing

焊后打磨焊缝并作磁粉探伤检查（MT）。焊缝周围及相临部位的缺陷须去除。

The weld should be polished and undergo magnetic particle inspection (MT) after welding. The defects around the weld and its nearby area should be removed.

8.6 焊工取证 8.6 Welder’s certificate

焊工须取得 ASME 锅炉及压力容器焊接资

格证书（按 ASME 锅炉及压力容器焊接规

范第 IX 章“焊接资格认证”要求）

The welders must obtain the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel welding qualification certificate (in accordance with Chapter IX “Welder’s Certificate” of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Welding Code).

9 预热及层间温度 9. Preheating and interlayer temperature

9.1 预热 9.1 Preheating

预热按图 2 曲线控制。焊接件温度应控制

在 250 ~350℃ ℃之间。 Preheating is controlled as per curve in Figure 2. Weldment temperature should be controlled at 250C~350C.

一旦温度低于 250℃应立即停止焊接，待升

至要求温度时再施焊。 Once the temperature is lower than 250C, immediately stop welding and re-weld after the temperature rises to the required value.

9.2 加热方法 9.2 Heating method

采用大于 100kVA 的电磁感应线圈加热。为

保护工件，线圈应被包在不含石棉的绝缘

材料内，该绝缘材料 8~10 层，厚度大于

>100kVA electromagnetic induction coil is used for heating. To protect workpieces, the coil is wrapped in the asbestos-free insulating



Page 169 of 176

13mm 。绝缘层宽度应超出线圈宽度

200mm，详见图 3。 materials, 8~10 layers, thickness >13mm. The width of the insulation layers should be 200mm more than the coil width. For details, refer to Figure 3.

缠绕在工件焊接坡口每一边的电磁感应加

热线圈共 10~15 圈，加热宽度 335mm。 Totally 10~15 turns of electromagnetic induction heating coils are wrapped around each edge of the working welding groove and heating width is 335mm.

两侧坡口加热线圈数量应相等。 The number of heating coils on the two sides of the groove should be the same.

9.3 温度测量 9.3 Temperature measurement

采用置于顶部、底部、左侧、右侧的热电

偶测量温度。热电偶应置于图 1 中 B.1 所示

靠近焊接接头处的 4 个位置。

Thermocouple is placed on top, bottom, left and right to measure temperature. The thermocouple should be placed at the four positions close to the weld joint shown in B.1 of Figure 1.

10 焊后热处理 10. Post weld heat treatment

10.1 去应力 10.1 Stress relief

去应力按图 4 曲线控制，采用电磁感应加

热线圈进行，并应在焊接温度降至 250℃时

即实施或在温度降至 250℃之前进行。

Stress relief is controlled as per curve in Figure 4 and carried out using the electromagnetic induction heating coils when or before the welding temperature drops to 250C.

加热区域的宽度应为焊接区域的 3 倍。 The width of the heating area is 3 times the welding area.

10.2 温度测量 10.2 Temperature measurement

采用置于图1中C.1处的热电偶测量温度变

化。C.1 或 C.2 处与 B.1 处的温度梯度应低

于 80℃。

The thermocouple placed at C.1 in Figure is used to measure temperature change. Temperature gradient at C.1 or C.2 and B.1 should be lower than 80C.

11 焊缝检查 11. Weld check

11.1 概述 11.1 General

去应力后，焊缝表面打磨至，作 PT、MT、RT 检查，其规范及验收标准见附录 A。

After stress relief, weld surface is polished to and undergoes PT, MT and RT inspection. For its specification and acceptance criteria, refer to Appendix A.

11.2 有缺陷焊缝的修整 11.2 Repair of defective weld



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焊缝周围及相邻区域的缺陷应去除，然后

按上述方法重新焊接。 Defects around and near the weld should be removed and rewelded using the above method.

12 记录 12. Record

记录内容包括： Record should include:

⑴ 焊条 (1) Electrode

⑵ 焊接用电机及焊接速度 (2) Welding motor and welding speed

⑶ 预热 (3) Preheating

⑷ 层间温度 (4) Interlayer temperature

⑸ 焊后热处理（含温度，加热时间，加

热和冷却速度） (5) Post-weld heat treatment (including temperature, heating time, heating and cooling speed)

⑹ 焊缝检查结果 (6) Weld inspection result

⑺ 焊工资格检查结论 (7) Welder’s qualification inspection conclusion

13 文件提交 13. Document submission

焊工资格检查结论在施焊前应提交东汽，

如东汽要求提交其他相应文件时，需一并

提交。

Welder’s qualification inspection conclusion should be submitted to Dongfang Turbine Works before welding and if Dongfang Turbine Works requires submitting the other relevant documents, they should be submitted together.

14 偏差 14. Deviation

所有偏差均需东汽批准。 All deviations should be approved by Dongfang Turbine Works.

附录 A 焊缝检查 Appendix A Weld Inspection

1 着色探伤检查（PT） 1. Dye penetrant test (PT)

1.1 检查规程 1.1 Inspection regulation

渗透时间：至少 10 分钟 Penetration time: at least 10min

1.2 验收标准 1.2 Acceptance criteria

不允许有裂纹。 Crack not allowed.

2 磁粉探伤检查（MT） 2. Magnetic particle inspection (MT)


磁化：双头通电磁化法 Magnetization: prod method



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磁化时间：2 秒 Magnetization time: 2s

磁化电流：600~800A Magnetizing current: 600~800A

磁头距离：两正交方向 150~200mm Magnetic head distance: two orthogonal directions 150~200mm


不允许有裂纹、咬边和相互搭接。 Crack, undercut and mutual overlapping are not allowed.

3 射线探伤检查（RT） 3. Radiographic inspection (RT)


按 ASTM 标准或等同标准执行。放射源应

置于管道和焊接区的中心，将胶片放在圆

周面上（如下图所示）。

Execute ASMT standard of equivalent standard. Radioactive source should be placed to the center of pipe and welding area and film placed on the circumferential surface (as shown in the figure below).


允许缺陷数量为 5。当缺陷长度小于 2mm时，缺陷数量即实际缺陷数量；当缺陷长

度大于 2mm 时，用实际缺陷数量乘以下表

所示折算系数得出缺陷数量。

Allowable number of defects is 5. When defect length is less than 2mm, the number of defects is the actual number of defects; when defect length is larger than 2mm, the number of defects is the actual number of defects by converting coefficient in the following table.

Combined reheat valve

Film

Radioactive source

High pressureouter casing



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折算系数

Converting coefficient

缺陷长度

Defect length <2mm

2.1~

4.0mm

4.1~

6.0mm

6.1~

8.0mm

8.1~

10.0mm

10.1~

12.0mm

折算系数

Converting coefficient

1 4 6 10 15 20

图 1 Figure 1

图 2 预热 Figure 2 Preheating

Metal plate (lowcarbon steel)

※After the combined reheatvalve and high pressureouter casing are welded,remove the metal plate.

Site welding (low carbonsteel electrode)

Shop welding (low hydrogen electrode)

Support

High pressure outer casing Combined reheatvalve

Support

Welding temperature 250~350C

Stress relief circulation is performed according to Figure 4. Do not cool to

room temperature.



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图 3 覆盖层

Figure 3 Covering Layer

图 4 去应力循环

Figure 4 Stress Relief Circulation

High pressure outer casing Combined reheat valve

Insulation material covering layer (8~10 layers)

Coil (335mm wide)

Control stress relief after welding Then air cooled in stationary state with furnace



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图 5 焊接技术

Figure 5 Welding Technique

第层

Layer

工序

Process

焊条

Electrode

电流(A)

Current (A)

电压(V)

Voltage (V)

GTAW 直径 Diameter

2.4mm 100~110 10~20

SMAW 直径 Diameter

3.2mm 100~140 20~30

至第 3 层

To Layer 3 SMAW

直径 Diameter

4.0mm 120~180 20~30

后 1 层

Last layer SMAW

直径 Diameter

5.0mm 190~220 20~30

焊接前，所有焊条应在炉内烘干，温度

300 ~350℃ ℃，时长约 3 小时。必须彻底清

除管道间焊缝的所有污垢和炉渣。

Before welding, all electrodes are dried in the oven at 300C~350C for 3h. All dirt and slag in the weld between pipes must be thoroughly removed.

图 6 焊接准备

Figure 6 Welding Preparation

Final welding layer (stiffened)



Page 175 of 176

Turbine center

High pressureouter casing

Horizontal joint

Combined reheat valve

Support



Page 176 of 176

Medium pressure steam admission centerline

Medium pressure main steam pipe flange

Support

Turbine centerline

High pressure outer casing

Horizontal joint

汽轮机安装及维护说明书d660f 000105asm cn emanual de instalacion de turbina a vapor...

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