Werner Weiss

Current Status of Solar Thermal Application Worldwide

AEE - Institute for Sustainable TechnologiesA-8200 Gleisdorf, Feldgasse 2AUSTRIA

A sustainable energy future

Source: NASA / NOAA

A sustainable energy future

At the end of 2008

a total capacity of

165 GWth

Solar Heat Worldwide

165 GWth

corresponding to 236 million square meters of collector area

were installed worldwide

Solar Heat Worldwide

Achievements - 2007

147

190

150

200

Total Capacity in Operation [GW ], [GW ] and Produced el th Energy [TWh ], [TWh ], 2007el th

heat power

Total capacity in operation [GW] 2007

Produced Energy [TWh] 2007

10 9.40.6 0.4

58

101.5 0.6

94

89

0

50

100

Solar ThermalHeat

Wind Power GeothermalPower

Photovoltaic Solar ThermalPower

Ocean TidalPower

Solar Heat Worldwide

Unglazed Collector 17%

Air collector1%

Flat-plate32%

50%Evacuated tube

Solar Heat Worldwide - 2007

19,000

24,000

Total Capacity [MW ]th

72.6

18

evacuated tube

glazed

unglazed***

7,2

80

4,000

9,000

14,000

China UnitedStates

Turkey Germany Japan Australia Israel Brazil Austria Greece

72

Solar Heat Worldwide

6053.7

4866.1

.8

7105.0

5,000 5,000

6,000 6,000

7,000 7,000

8,000 8,000

9,000 9,000

10,000 10,000

Total capacity [MW ]th

43455.8

2511.5

2501.1

2094.8

1734.1

1505.0

1178.1

1014.7

878.7

846.8

683.5

593.3

557.0

321.2

310.7

278.1

230.7

213.4

197.1

176.4

173.4

164.2

152.6

102.3

81.9

79.1

78.8

68.8

60.6

58.0

49.0

48.7

35.1

30.7

24.9

20.6

19.3

13.5

13.2

11.8

8.0

4.3

3.7

2.4

1.0

0 0

1,000 1,000

2,000 2,000

3,000 3,000

4,000 4,000

5,000 5,000

China

Turkey

Germany

Japan

Israel

Brazil

Greece

Austria

United States

India

Australia

France *

Taiwan

Spain

Italy

Jordan

Cyprus

Switzerland **

Mexico

Denmark

Netherlands

United Kingdom

Portugal

Sweden

South Africa

Poland

Tunisia

Belgium

Slovenia

New Zealand

Czech Republic

Slovak Republic

Canada

Barbados

Thailand

Romania

Albania

Hungary

Ireland

Malta

Bulgaria

Macedonia

Luxembourg

Finland

Norway

Namibia

Lativa

Lithuania

Estonia

Solar Heat Worldwide

251.9

224.4

197.1

200 200

250 250

300 300

Total capacity per 1.000 inhabitants [kW ]th

100.1

94.9

73.3

60.1

56.8

51.1

50.5

42.9

40.9

38.9

38.0

28.3

19.3

19.1

18.9

18.6

16.0

14.8

14.0

13.1

12.8

11.6

11.0

9.8

7.7

6.6

5.8

5.7

4.3

3.6

3.5

3.1

2.9

2.5

2.3

2.2

2.1

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.3

0.8

0.8

0.7

0 0

50 50

100 100

150 150

Cyprus

Israel

Austria

Greece

Barbados

Jordan

Turkey

Germany

China

Australia

Denmark

Malta

Switzerland **

Slovenia

Taiwan

Japan

Luxembourg

Sweden

Spain

New Zealand

Portugal

France *

Tunisia

Netherlands

Brazil

Slovak Republic

Italy

Albania

Belgium

Czech Republic

Macedonia

Ireland

United States

Poland

South Africa

United Kingdom

Hungary

Mexico

Bulgaria

Romania

Finland

Namibia

Canada

Norway

Lativa

India

Estonia

Thailand

Lithuania

Market Development 1999 Market Development 1999 -- 20072007

8

10

12

Installed capacity per 1,000 inhabitants [kWth/a]

China + Taiwan

Europe

Others

Australia + New Zealand

Japan

United States+Canada

0

2

4

6

8

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Diversification of the Global Market - 2007

Australia + New Zealand

United States +Canada

Based on data collected from detailed country reports,

EmploymentEmployment

Based on data collected from detailed country reports, the jobs created by the production, installation and maintenance of solar thermal plants is estimated to

be 200,000 worldwide

Increase compared to 2005 = 50.000 jobs!!!

Share of Renewables 2005 and target 2020

Share of Renewable Energies in 2005 and 2020

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

Share of Renewable Energies 2005

Goal for Renewable Energies 2020

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

Austri

aBel

gium

Bulga

riaCyp

rus

Czech

Rep

ublic

Denm

arkEst

onia

Finlan

dFra

nce

Ger

man

yG

reece

Hunga

ryIre

land

Italy

Latv

iaLi

thua

nia

Luxe

mbu

rg

Mal

taNet

herla

nds

Polan

dPor

tuga

lRom

ania

Slova

kiaSlo

venia

Spain

Sweden

United

Kin

gdom

Contribution of Solar Thermal to the EU 20% RES TargetEU 20% RES Target

Solar thermal

Renewable Heating and Cooling

Biomass

Geothermal

Solar Thermal Potential EU27

3500,00

4000,00

4500,00

5000,00

Contribution of Solar Thermal to the EU 27 Heating and Cooling Demand by Sector

Industrial Heat - Low Temp.

Air conditioning Service

Space Heating Service

Air conditioning Residential

Water Heating Residential - MFH

Space Heating Residential - MFH

Water Heating Residential - SFH

Space Heating Residential - SFH

0,00

500,00

1000,00

1500,00

2000,00

2500,00

3000,00

3500,00

[TWh]

Heating/CoolingDemand EU 27 -

2006

Solar Thermal2006

Heat Demand2020 -9%

Solar Thermal2020

Heat Demand 2030 -20%

Solar Thermal2030

Heat Demand2050 -31%

Solar Thermal2050

0,2%3,6%

15%

47%

Solar Thermal Potential Spain

250,00

300,00

Contribution of Solar Thermal to the Spanish Heatin g and Cooling Demand by Sector Industrial Heat - Low Temp.

Air conditioning Service

Space Heating Service

Air conditioning Residential

Water Heating Residential - MFH

Space Heating Residential - MFH

Water Heating Residential - SFH

Space Heating Residential - SFH

Combisystems

for space heating, cooling and hot water

0,00

50,00

100,00

150,00

200,00

[TWh]

Heating/CoolingDemand ES -

2006

Solar Thermal2006

Heat Demand ES- 2020 -1%

Solar Thermal2020

Heat Demand ES- 2030 -4.4%

Solar Thermal2030

Heat Demand ES- 2050 -12%

Solar Thermal2050

63%

29%

5%0,22%

Cooling and Heat

Solar Thermal Potential Spain

200

250Market Development 2005 - 2050 according to 3 Szenarios - Spain

Business as usual Advanced market deployment Full R&D and Policy Scenario

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 20500

50

100

150

GW

th

Sola water heaters for multi family houses

Small solar water heaters

Market Development

TimeResearch &Development

Eary Market Mass market

Solar cooling

Industrial applications

Sea water desalination

Facade integrated systems

Solar space heating

District heating

Established Established Applications

Gravity driven systems

Solar Water Heating Systems

fsol = 70 – 90%

700 – 1000 kWh/kW th

Solar Water Heating Systems

Further Developments:

- Compactness- Building integration- Medium sized systems

Solar Water Heating Systems

CHINACHINA

Solar Water Heating Systems

Solar Water Heating Systems

Three different types of evacuated tube collectors:

all-glass U-tube heat-pipe

12

1

Pumped SWH Systems

8

6

4

3

2

711

510

9

Small-scale Systems for Hot Water Preparation

fsol = 50 – 70%

500 – 650 kWh/kW th

Solar Water Heating for Hotels

Source: TiSun

Combined Pool Heating and SWH

Combined SWH and Cooling

Solar Air Conditioning and Cooling

Source : Fraunhofer ISE, Solarnext

Solar Collectors for Cooling

Solar Cooling System for the German BMVBW

Source: Jan Albers, IMBE, TU Berlin

fsol = 20 – 50%

450 – 550 kWh/kWth

Solar Combi Systems for SFH

Large-scale solar heating systems

System with short-term storage – Müllheim, D

System with seasonal storage, SE

Project -Size

Project

Heat Storage Collector

area (m²)

Storage Volume

(m³)

fsol

(%)

Nb. of Flats

Anneberg-Danderyd seasonal 2.400 m² 60.000 m³ 70% 5 0

Large-scale Plants in Europe

8

10

12

14

No of plants

Closed (12)

OTH (14)

ES (13)

AT (14)

CH (7)

GR (14)

DE (18)

Source: Jan-Olof Dalenbäck, 2008

0

2

4

6

8

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

DE (18)

NL (8)

DK (10)

SE (22)

Local District Heating – Hamburg, Germany

Source: ITW, University Stuttgart

District Heating – 3MW th, AEVG, Graz, Austria

Source: S.O.L.I.D.

Solar District Heating

Solar yields: 400 – 460 kWh/m².a

Marstal, Denmark 12.8 MW th (18.365m2)

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

Final Energy Use of the EU - Industry share of heat and electricity

Electricity

Heat67%

Electricity33%

18,6 % of the total final energy use in the EU

Source: GREEN PAPER – TOWARDS A EUROPEAN STRATEGY FOR THE SECURITY OF ENERGY SUPPLY, Brussels, 2001

Space Heating of Factory Buildings

Source: Solution

LARGE-SCALE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

Tyras Dairy, Trikala, Greece

Textile Industry Hangzhou China 13000 ㎡㎡㎡㎡ (9 MWth)

Solar Drying in Guatemala

Source: CONA

Pilot System Spain, CIEMAT, INETI252 CPC AO SOL (499 m²)

SEA WATER DESALINATION

Fraunhofer ISE, Germany

Seawater Desalination – Gran Canaria, Spain

The Solar Ressource in Africa

Thank you for your attention