culture and the workplace

8/10/2019 Culture and the Workplace

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BI QUANG TRNPHM TH M LAN

NGUYN TRN DIM TRANGTRN NGC TIM

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Group


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DIFFERENCES IN CULTURE


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INTRODUCTION


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What is Culture?

Cultureis a complex whole (knowledge, beliefs, art,

morals, law, customs, and other capabilities) acquired

by people as members of society.


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VALUES

Genorosity

Fairness

Community Involvement

Innovation

Concern for EmployeesWelfare


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NORMS

Prescriptive

FolkwaysMores

TaboosLaws


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COUNTRY FOCUS

ISLAMIC BANKING IN PAKISTAN

Islamic banks started to open

predominantly Muslim countries.

170 Islamic financial institutionsworldwide.

Banks are entering the marketciti

Group and HSBC, now offer Islamic

financial services.


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In July 2001, Pakistan became the third country for

adopting Islamic methods

Islamic banks can not pay or charge interest, they

must find a different way of making money.

Pakistan banks has 2 different Islamic banking

methods :

o The mudarabah

o

The murabaha


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Under Mudarabah, when an Islamic bank

tends money to a business, rather than

charging that business interest on the loan,

it takes a share in the profits that are

derived from the investment.

In murabaha contract, when a firm wishesto purchase something using loan lets say

a piece of equipment manufacturer. The

bank then buys the equipment for $1,000

and the borrower buys it back from bank at

some later date for say $1,100 a price that

includes a $100 markup for the bank.


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There are could be large- scale

withdrawals by depositors

The country need to have a tight

regulatory regime to ensure that

unscrupulous borrowers

The uncertainty created by thetransition will scare off foreign

investors, leaving Pakistan starved of

capital.


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BUDDHISM

It was founded in India in 6th

century B.C by Siddharha

Gautama, an Indian prince

Today it has 250 million

followers most of whom are from

Central and Southeast Asia,

China, Korea, and Japan.

Life is comprised of suffering

Doesnt support the caste system

and the kind of extreme ascetic.

Buddhists stress the afterlife and

spiritual achievement rather thaninvolvement in this world.


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CONFUCIANISM

It was founded in 5thcentury B.C by Kung- Fu- tzu

Observance of Confucian ethics has been weakened in

China since 1949, more than 150 million people stillfollow the teachings of Confucius, principally in China,

Korea, and Japan

It teaches the importance of attaining personal solvation

through right action.


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Economic Implications of Confucianism

There are 3 values central to the Confuciansystem of ethics:

o Loyalty

o Reciprocal obligations

o Honesty


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Loyalty to ones superiors is regarded as a sacredduty an absolute obligation

In the modern organization based on Confucian

culture, the loyalty can reduce the conflict

between management and labor.

Confucian ethics stress that superiors are obliged

to reward the loyalty of their subordinates byawarding blessing on them.

The reciprocal obligations can help managers

and workers perform their jobs more effectively

and cooperate with others in the organization.

when companies can trust each other not to break

contractual obligations, the cost of doing arelowered.


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LANGUAGE

Spoken language

o Language does far more than just enable people tocommunicate with each other.

o The natural of a language also structure the way we

perceive the world.

o Language also helps define culture. In countries,

with more than 1 language, one also often findsmore than 1 culture.

o English is increasingly becoming the language of

international business. However, most people

prefer to converse in their own language

o

International businesses that do not understand thelocal language can make major mistakes through

improper translation.


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Unspoken language

o It refers to nonverbal

communication

o We all communicate with each other

by a host of nonverbal signal.

o A failure to understand the

nonverbal signal of another culture

can lead to a failure of

communication.

o Nonverbal communication is

personal space, which is thecomfortable amout of distance

between you and someone you are

talking to.


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EDUCATION

Formal education is the medium through

which individuals learns many of thelanguage conceptual and mathematical skill

that are indispensable in a modern society.

From an international business perspective,

one important aspect of education is its role

as determinant of national competitive

advantage. The general education level of a country is

also a good index of the kind of products

that might sell in country and of the type of

promotional material that should be used.


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MATSUSHITAS AND JAPANS CHANGING CULTURE

o

Established in 1920.o Was at the forefront of the rise of Japan in 1970s and 1980s.o Regarded as a bastion of traditional Japanese values such as strong group

identification , reciprocal obligations, and loyalty.o In 1998 began to change: Changed the pay scheme for its 11000 managers.

Took aim at the lifetime employment system and the associated perks. Failed in changes


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IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS

3 important implications for international business: Cross cultural literacy Culture and competitive advantages Culture and business ethics

Cross c lt ral literac


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Cross cultural literacy

One danger confronting a company that goes abroad for the first time is being ill-

informed. To develop the cross cultural literacy, international businesses need to

employ host-country nationals, build a cadres of cosmopolitan executives, and guard

against the dangers of ethnocentric.


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Cultureand competitive advantage

The values systems and norms of a

country can effect the costs of doingbusiness in that country.


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Cultureand business ethics

Although many ethical principles are universal, some are

culturally bounded. What is the hot ethical in one country

might be common in each other. Despite this, the when inRome approach to business ethics is dangerous. International

businesses need to adhere to a consistent set of ethics derived

from a high moral code.


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Culture and the Workplace

How does a society's culture affect the values found

in the workplace?


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MAP 3.2


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MAP 3.3


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CULTURAL CHANGE

Culture is not a constant; it evolves over time.

The culture of societies may also change as they

become richer because economic progress affects a

number of other factors, which in turn impact onculture.

In an increasingly modern and materialistic world,

some cultural roots and uniqueness. societies are

trying to reemphasize their .

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culture and the workplace

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