CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY Objectives:

Understand economy as inseparable from the parts of culture and society

Describe and give examples of each of the modes of exchange

REVIEW Social Statuses Social Institutions

ASCRIBED STATUS Based on characteristics that are

gained through birth Generally more closed

Factors are less in control of the individual Race, gender, ethnicity, age, caste, etc.

ACHIEVED STATUS Based on characteristics that are

gained through action Generally more open

Factors are more in control of the individual

Occupation, membership

LEBRON JAMES

JESSICA ALBA

Ascribed Status:

Achieved Status:

YOU!

Ascribed Status:

Achieved Status:

ECONOMICS IN ANTHROPOLOGY Linking of economics with social life

Economy as integral part of culture and society

Studies what people need/want and how they can get those things.

PHASES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY Production

Transforming nature’s raw materials Products

Distribution and Exchange Getting products of production to people Different modes of exchange can co-exist

MODES OF EXCHANGE Reciprocity- exchange of

goods/services of equal value Generalized- not keeping tabs, close

relationship Maximum trust

Balanced- exchange in equal value Reciprocate what you have given

Moderate of trust and social distance Negative- trying to get the best deal

Minimum trust- Maximum social distance

MODES OF EXCHANGE CONT. Redistribution- requires centralized social

organization Taxes, government systems Communal Potlatch

Market exchange- involved a multi-purpose medium of exchange with a standard value (money) Capitalist Market Exchange

Assumes that supply and demand determine both production and consumption in societies.

PHASES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY Consumption

Using up of products Differences in consumption patterns across

cultures

2 BASIC WAYS TO CONSUME Internal- consumption fulfills basic

human needs Emphasizes dependence of humans on

physical world for survival External- cultural ecology

Ways of satisfying basic human needs are determined by environmental factors

TERRORISM People tend to be poor and lack

resources so they look for safety. Safety if found in this kind of group

because they will supply goods for the family.

CULTURAL PATTERNING OF CONSUMPTION Consumption choices reveal what it is

to be human

OBJECTIVES Define both macro and micro cultures

giving examples of each.________________________________________ Agenda

Short intelligence quiz Macro and Micro notes Macro and Micro poster Exit slip

MACRO CULTURE Learned, shared ways of behaving and

thinking that cross local/group boundaries

National cultures (shared American culture)

Consumer cultures (cellphones) Academic cultures (desk, raising hand,

WHSD rules)

MICRO CULTURE Local culture

Distinct patterns of learned, shared behaviors and ideas that can be found in specific groups, localities or regions

Ethnic groups Age groups (Gucci Mane, J’s) Genders (amount of shoes, bathroom buddy) Special interest groups (sports, sewing, book

clubs)

POSTER Work in pairs

Split poster paper in half Write Macro culture on one half, micro on

other Find 5 pictures of each Cut out and paste on poster Write a short caption to each picture

Why it is considered macro/micro culture? Share two examples of each with class

EXIT SLIP Before leaving: Take sticky note and explain the

difference between macro and micro cultures and stick on board

EMIC AND ETIC PERSPECTIVESObjectives:

Identify the difference between emic and etic

_______________________________________ Question:

Is American culture difficult to understand? Why?Agenda:

• Emic and etic discussion

• India’s sacred cow

EMIC Insider’s perspective

Meaningful to specific societies Sole judges of validity

Example: Energy Comsuption

ETIC Extrinsic concepts and categories that

have meaning for scientific observers Scientists are the sole judges

Energy consumption/culture

EXAMPLESEtic approach Emic Approach

Emphasizes similarities between cultures

Emphasizes differences between culture

Considers behavior patterns invariant and universal

Considers behaviors patterns unique and specific to a culture

Brings an outside perspective Seeks an inside (natives) perspective

eg. female circumsion seen as a barbaric practice that subjugates and traumatizes women

eg. female circumsion seen as a traditional practice which promotes revered values such as women’s chastity

CELL PHONE USAGE IN YOUTH Etic Perspective:

Disconnected Inappropriate usage

Emic Perspective: Connected to the

world Expected to have the

best

EMIC AND ETIC PERSPECTIVE ON EASTER

Split in half Pick emic or etic perspective Write at least 5 bullets about your

specific perspective