CS102 COMPUTER SYSTEM

MANAGEMENT

Navpreet Singh

Computer CentreIndian Institute of Technology Kanpur

Kanpur INDIA

(Ph : 2597371, Email : navi@iitk.ac.in)

About Myself

About Myself

I am Principal Computer Engineer at IIT Kanpur and I manage the Campus Network and Internet Services of IITK.

IIT Kanpur has one of the largest networks in the country.

IITK Campus Network now has more than 12000 nodes providing connectivity to more than 6000 users in Academic Departments, Student Hostels and Residences.

IITK has 110 Mbps Internet Connectivity.

All application servers (Mail, DNS, Proxy Caching, Web etc.) are maintained in-house.

B.Tech (1990) and M.Tech (1996) from IIT Kanpur

Working in IIT Kanpur for more than 16 years

Course Objective

Course Objective

The course will cover:

Introduction to Computer Hardware & Software, Operating Systems, Computer Networks and Internet.

Develop a conceptual understanding of PC internals, Computing Environment, Computer Networks and Internet.

Enable the students to diagnose and troubleshoot Computer Hardware and Software problems.

Course Outline

Course Outline

There will be thirteen Lectures and associated Lab Assignments. The lecture slides, assignments and references are available on the course website: http://home.iitk.ac.in/~navi/iiitdcourse

All the Lectures will be 1.5 hours and will be in the form of recorded presentations.

The Assignments will be take home to be completed and submitted in the next lecture class.

Lecture Topics

Course Content

Lecture 1 & 2: Basic components of a Computer System:

– CPU; Memory; Disk Storage – Input/Output units (Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor; CD/DVD Drives,

Speaker/Microphone etc) – Motherboard; Power Supply; Network Interface – Peripherals:- function of each component – Assembly/Disassembly; Troubleshooting

Lecture 3 & 4: Operating System and Application Software:

– Hardware and Software– Systems Software and Application Software– Features of a widely used operating environment such as MS

WINDOWS, UNIX or LINUX– Comparison of operating environments; Various File Systems– Application Software and APIs– Troubleshooting

Lecture Topics

Course Content

Lecture 5 & 6: UNIX/LINUX: – Introduction to UNIX Architecture– UNIX File System and Access Control – UNIX Commands – Troubleshooting

Lecture 7 & 8: Computer Networking: – Introduction to Computer Networks and Network Applications – Components of a Network (Physical Media, Switch, Router etc.) – IP addressing; Introduction to TCP/IP– Wireless Networks – Network Architecture (Campus, Residential and Corporate Networks)

– Troubleshooting

Lecture Topics

Course Content

Lecture 9: Computing Environment: – Client Server Architecture– Desktops, Works Stations, Servers & Clusters– Diskless Clients– Storage and Backup– Data Center Setup

Lecture 10 & 11: Internet and Internet Applications: – Internet Architecture– How the Web works– Google Architecture – Working of DNS, Email, WWW, Proxy– Troubleshooting

Lecture Topics

Course Content

Lecture 12 & 13: Computer and Network Security – Security Threats (Hacking, DoS attacks, Mail Spam, Malware, Phishing

etc.)– Firewall– Unified Threat Management– Wireless security

Assignment Topics

Course Content

There will be thirteen take home assignments

All the assignments have been designed to give you hands on experience on the topics being covered in the lectures.

You are expected to use your personal laptop to do the assignments

References which will be helpful in the assignments will be provided in the course website.

Grading Guidelines

Grading

Two Exam: 20% each

Lab Assignment: 60% (5% each, best of 12)

References

Course References

The course slides, assignments and references will be available at http://home.iitk.ac.in/~navi/iiitdcourse

Online on the Web

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

QUESTIONS?

Computing Infrastructure Components

Components

ServersClientsLANInternet ConnectivitySoftwareStorageBackup Security

Computation

DataManagement

Network

Integration is the Key !

Today’s Computer

Computer

Computer Model

Computer

Input: keyboard, mouse, scanner, punch cardsProcessing: CPU executes the computer programOutput: monitor, printer, fax machineStorage: hard drive, optical media, diskettes,

magnetic tape

Computer Components

Components

Computer Components

Components

CPUMemoryHard DiskMother Board CD/DVD DrivesAdaptorsPower SupplyDisplayKeyboardMouseNetwork InterfaceI/O ports

CPU

CPU

CPU – Central Processing Unit (Microprocessor) consists of three parts:

Control Unit• Execute programs/instructions: the machine language• Move data from one memory location to another• Communicate between other parts of a PC

Arithmetic Logic Unit• Arithmetic operations: add, subtract, multiply, divide• Logic operations: and, or, xor• Floating point operations: real number manipulation

Registers

Processor Architecture

CPU

CPU

CPU

CPU speed is influenced by several factors:Clock speed: Megahertz, Gigahertz

Word size : 32-bit or 64-bit word sizes

Cache: Level 1, Level 2 caches

Instruction set size

Single Core/Multi Core

Multi-Core Processor Architecture

CPU

CPU

CPU

Desktop Processor: Intel (Pentium) Core 2 Duo/Quad, AMD Athelon (Dual/Quad Core)

Mobile Processor: Intel (Centrino 2) Core 2 Duo, AMD Turion (Dual Core)

Server Processor: Intel Xeon Quad Core, AMD Optron Quad Core, RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer): IBM Power PC, SUN SPARC ..

Atom Processor

QUESTIONS?

MEMORY

Memory

ROM: For BIOS (Basic Input Output System)

CMOS RAM: Battery-backed memory used to store system specific parameters required by the system BIOS to boot. It also stores the system clock information.

RAM: Dynamic RAM and used for storing Data and programs which disappear after task completed or power turned off

Size: ex. 512MB, 2 GB ..Speed: ex. 533MHz, 667 MHz ..Type: ex. DDR2/3 SDRAM (Double Data Rate Synchronous RAM) Packaging: DIMM, SIMM…

Cache: Static RAM attached to the CPU and used for storing current data. L1, L2, L3 Cache

HARD DISK

Hard Disk

Magnetic storage device. It stores data by magnetizing particles on a disk.

Used to store operating system, application software, utilities and data.

Metal, plastic, or glass platter(s)

2 magnetic surfaces/platter 1 or more platters per

spindle 3,600 – 15,000 rpm 1 head/platter Head(s) move in and out

HOW DATA IS ORGANIZED ON DISK

Hard Disk

Tracks- Circular areas of the disk Length of a track one

circumference of disk Over 1000 on a hard disk Data first written to outer

most track Sectors-

Divides tracks sections Cylinders-

Logical groupings of the same track on each disk surface in a disk unit

Clusters- Groups of sectors used by

operating system 64 sectors in one cluster

Data stored in blocks (pages) of .5 to 8 KB

HARD DISK

Hard Disk

IDE: Obsolete, also called PATA (Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment ), I/O Rate: 16 MB/s originally later 33, 66, 100 and 133 MB/s ,

SATA (Serial ATA): Used in Desktops/Laptops, I/O Rate: 1.5/3 Gbps, 5400/7200 RPM

SCSI (Small Computer System Interface ): Used in Servers, 10/15K RPM, I/O Rate: 160/320 MB/s

SAS (Serial Attached SCSI ): Used in Servers, 10/15K RPM, I/O Rate: 3 Gbps

FC (Fiber Channel): I/O Rate 4 Gbps, Expensive and used in

Storage iSCSI: I/O Rate 4 Gbps, Expensive and used in Storage

Solid State Drive: non-volatile flash memory

HARD DISK

Hard Disk

Low-level format- organizes both sides of each platter into tracks and sectors to define where items will be stored on the disk.

Partitioning: divide hard disk into separate areas called partitions; each partition functions as if it were a separate hard disk drive.

High-level format: defines the file allocation table (FAT) for each partition, which is a table of information used to locate files on the disk.

QUESTIONS?