copyright © 2002 thomson learning, inc. chapter 7: listening: more than meets the ear presentation...

Copyright © 2002 Thomson Learning, Inc.

Chapter 7: Listening: More Than Meets the Ear

Presentation prepared by Dr. Michael Pearson, Gretchen Gill, and Tim Scanlon

of West Chester University

PowerPoint Presentation to accompany Looking Out, Looking In, Tenth Edition

Copyright © 2002 Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

For permission to use material from this text, contact us by:Phone: 1-800-730-2214 Fax: 1-800-730-2215

Web: www.thomsonrights.com


CHAPTER 7

Listening: Listening: More Than Meets More Than Meets

the Earthe Ear


Listening: Listening: More Than Meets the EarMore Than Meets the Ear• Elements in the Listening Process

• Types of Ineffective listening

• Why We Don’t Listen Better

• Informational Listening

• Listening to Help

• Gender and Listening


Elements in the Listening Process

Hearing

• Listening - is a process that consists of five elements: hearing, attending, understanding, responding, and remembering

• Hearing - the physiological dimension of listening

Attending• Attending - the process of filtering out some messages and focusing on others


Elements in the Listening Process

Understanding• Understanding - occurs when we make sense of a message

Responding• Responding - giving observable feedback to the speaker

Remembering• Remembering - the ability to recall information


Gender and ListeningSocial Influences• Western culture defines different roles for men and women.• When men and women deviate from expectations dictated by their social roles, the results can be problematic.

Biological Influences• A recent study demonstrated physiological differences in brain activity between men and women during listening.


Types Of Ineffective Listening

Pseudolistening• Pseudolistening - an imitation of real listening; listener gives appearance of being attentive

Stage-hogging• Stage-hogging - try to turn the topic of conversations to themselves instead of showing interest in the speaker

Selective Listening• Selective Listening - respond only to the parts of your remarks that interest them, rejecting everything else



Insulated Listening• Insulated listeners - instead of looking for something, these people avoid it

Defensive Listening• Defensive listeners - take others’ remarks as personal attacks



Ambushing• Ambushing - listen carefully to you, but only to collect information to attack what you say

Insensitive Listening• Insensitive listeners - are not able to look beyond the words and behavior to understand their hidden meanings


Why We Don’t Listen BetterMessage Overload

• The amount of speech most of us encounter every day makes careful listening to everything we hear impossible.

Preoccupation• When one is wrapped up in personal concerns that are more important than the messages others are sending

Rapid Thought• A person’s brain can process more information than he/she can speak, therefore leading to “spare time.”


Effort• Listening effectively is hard work.

External Noise• The physical world in which we live often presents distractions from the speaker.

Rapid Thought• Sometimes a person’s listening ability suffers from a physiological hearing problem.

Why We Don’t Listen Better


Faulty Assumptions• Often we make incorrect assumptions that lead us to believe we’re listening attentively when quite the opposite is true.

Lack of Apparent Advantages• It often appears that we have more to gain by speaking than by listening.



Lack of Training• Even if we want to listen well, we are often hampered by a lack of training.

Media Influences• The trend of short segmented programming in our media discourages the kind of focused attention that is necessary for careful listening.



Informational Listening

• Talk Less

• Get Rid of Distractions

• Don’t Judge Prematurely

• Look for Key Ideas

• Ask Questions

• Paraphrase



Ask Questions• Sincere questions - aimed at understanding others

• Counterfeit questions – aimed at sending a message, not receiving one

• Types of Counterfeit Questions• Questions that trap the speaker• Questions that make statements• Questions that carry hidden agendas• Questions that seek “correct” answers• Questions based on unchecked assumptions



Paraphrase• Paraphrasing/Active listening - statements that reword the listener’s interpretation of a message

• Types of Paraphrasing Statements

• Change the speaker’s wording• Offer an example of what you think the speaker is talking about• Reflect the underlying theme of the speaker’s remarks


Listening to Help

Advising Advising response - to help by offering a solution

Judging• Judging response - evaluates the sender’s thoughts or behaviors in some way

Analyzing• Analyzing statement - the listener offers an interpretation of a speaker’s message


Listening to Help

Questioning• Questioning response - helps others think about their problems and understand them more clearly

The best questioning follows these principles:• Don’t ask questions just to satisfy your own curiosity.• Be sure that your questions won’t confuse or distract the person you’re trying to help.• Don’t use questions to disguise your suggestions or criticism.


Listening to HelpSupporting

• Supportive response - reveal a listener’s solidarity with the speaker’s situation

• Deny others the right to their feelings.• What effective support doesn’t sound like:

• Minimize the significance of the situation.• Focus on “then and there” rather than “here and now.”• Cast judgment.

• Types of support include: agreement, offers to help, praise, reassurance, and diversion.

• Rain on the speaker’s parade.

• Defend yourself.


Listening to Help

Prompting• Prompting - using silences and brief statements of encouragement to draw others to speak of their problems

Paraphrasing• Factors to consider before deciding to paraphrase:

• Is the problem complex enough?• Do you have the necessary time and concern?• Are you genuinely interested in helping?• Can you withhold judgment?• Is your paraphrasing in proportion to other responses?


Listening to Help

When and How to Help ?• Three factors used to choose a helping style:

• Consider the situation• Think about the other person

• Think about yourself

copyright © 2002 thomson learning, inc. chapter 7: listening: more than meets the ear presentation...

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