contoh soal hasil kali kelarutan, ksp 2
TRANSCRIPT
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Kelarutan dan Ksp
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Antonius Eko P
Bintang Perdana M
Dionysia Okta S
Gading Wastuwidya
Irfan Damar P
Monica Abigail
Novi Dwijayanti
XI IPA 1
Kelompok 3
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1. Larutan jenuh X (OH)2 mempunyaipH= 9. Hasil kali kelarutan (Ksp) dariX (OH)2 adalah….
a. 10-10
b. 5.10-11
c. 10-15
d. 5.10-16
e. 10-18
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16
106
2-2
552
5-
-2
2
10.5
10.10.5
OHXK
10.510.2
1X
M10OH
59-14 pOH 9pH
2OH X(OH) X
:an Penyelesai
sp
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2. Larutan asam asetat (Ka = 2.10-5) yang mempunyai pH sama dengan larutan 2.10-
3 molar HCl, mempunyai konsentrasi….
a. 0,10 molar
b. 0,15 molar
c. 0,20 molar
d. 0,25 molar
e. 0,40 molar
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0,2
.2.10 10.4
.2.10 10.2
. H
:an Penyelesai
5-6
5-3
M
M
M
MKa
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3. Berapakah konsentrasi H30+ dalam
larutan Ba(OH)2 0,05 M?
a. 1.10-13M
b. 5.10-10M
c. 1.10-5M
d. 2.10-5M
e. 5.10-2M
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M 1010
10 OH
M 1,005,02 OH
:an Penyelesai
13
1
14-
3
-
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4. Pada suhu tertentu, kelarutan AgIO3 adalah 2 × 10–6 mol/L, tentukan harga tetapan hasil kali kelarutannya!
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Jawab:
AgIO3 Ag+ + IO3–
s s s
Konsentrasi ion Ag+ = konsentrasi ion IO3– = s = kelarutan AgIO3 = 2 × 10–6 mol/L
Ksp = [Ag+][IO3–]
= (s) (s)
= (2 × 10–6)(2 × 10–6) = 4 × 10–12
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5. Harga Ksp Ag2S adalah 10–49, berapa kelarutan senyawa ini dalam air?
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Jawab:Ag2S 2 Ag+ + S2-
s 2s s
Ksp = [Ag+]2 [S2–]= (2s)2 (s)= 4s3
10–49 = 4s3
s = Maka kelarutan Ag2S sebesar 2,5 × 10–17 M.
173
49
105,24
10
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6.Kelarutan Ag2CrO4 dalam air adalah 10–4 M. Hitunglah kelarutan Ag2CrO4 dalam larutan K2CrO4 0,01 M!
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7. Jika larutan MgCl2 0,3 M ditetesi larutan NaOH, pada pH berapakah endapan Mg(OH)2
mulai terbentuk? (Ksp Mg(OH)2 = 3 × 10–11)
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Jawab:
Ksp Mg(OH)2 = [Mg2+] [OH–]2
3 × 10–11 = 3 × 10–11 [OH–]2
[OH–]2 = 10–10
[OH–] = 10–5 M
pOH = 5
pH = 14 – pOH
pH = 14 – 5 = 9
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Air murni
Larutan KI 0.01 M
Larutan AgNO3 0.1 M
Larutan MgI2 0.005 M
8. Jika Ksp AgI = 10-16, tentukan kelarutannyadalam
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Jawab:
Ksp AgI = s2
10-16 = s2
10-8 mol L-1 = s
Jadi kelarutan AgI dalam air adalah 10-8 mol L-1
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Ksp AgI = [Ag+] [I-]
= s x (0.01 + s)
S diabaikan terhadap 0.01
10-16 = s x 0.01
s = 10-14 mol L-1
Jadi kelarutan AgI dalam larutan KI 0.01M adalah 10–14 mol L-1
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Kelarutan dalam AgNO3 0.1 M
Ksp AgI = [Ag+] [I-]
= (0.1 +s ) x s
S diabaikan terhadap 0.01
10-16 = 0.1 x s
s = 10-15 mol L-1
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Kelarutan dalam MgI2 0.005 M dan [I-] = 0.01 M
Ksp AgI = [Ag+] [I-]
= s x (0.01 + s)
S diabaikan terhadap 0.01
10-16 = s x 0.01
s = 10-14 mol L-1
Jadi kelarutan AgI dalam larutan MgI2 0.0o5M adalah 10–14 mol L-1
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9. Diketahui Ksp Ag2CrO4 = 2.4 x 10-12. Jika 25 mL larutan AgNO3 10-3 M dicampur dengan75 mL larutan Na2CrO4 10-3M, apakah terjadiendapan?
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Jawab
Setelah dicampurkan
[AgNO3][Ag+]
M10 5,2
mL 100
M10 mL 25
4-
-3
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[N2CrO4]
M10 5,7
mL 100
M10 mL 75
4-
-3
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Qc Ag2CrO4
Jadi Qc Ag2CrO4 > Ksp Ag2CrO4, sehingga terjadi endapan Ag2CrO4
12-
4-24-
10 8 46,
10 5,7 10 2,5
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10. Diketahui Ksp Ag2CrO4 pada suhu 25 oC adalah 2.4 x 10-12. Tentukan kelarutan Ag2CrO4 dalam air padasuhu 25 oC dan konsentrasi Ag+ dalam keadaan jenuh!
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Ag2CrO4(s) 2Ag+ (aq) + CrO4
2-(aq)
Ksp Ag2CrO4 = 4s3
2.4 x 10-12 = 4s3
S = 8.4 x 10-5
Jadi kelarutan Ag2CrO4 dalam air adalah
8.4 x 10-5 mol L-1
Konsentrasi [Ag+] = 2s
= 2 x 8.4 x 10-5 mol L-1+
= 1.68 x 10-4 mol L-1
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