Context-Aware Support for Computer-Supported Ubiquitous Learning

Hiroaki Ogata and Yoneo Yano Dept. of Information Science and Intelligent

Systems, Tokushima University

Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (WMTE'04)

2004   March 23 - 25, 2004

透過情境感知之支援無所不在的學習 報告：玉婷 09.04.07

摘要

介紹由電腦支援而無所不在的語言學習環境，並提到兩個系統，及其初步評估：

1. JAPELAS(日本語禮貌用語學習輔助系統 )情境感知語言學習支援系統，依據學習者的情況及個人資料提供合適的禮貌用語。

2. TANGO系統 (學習物件的附加標籤 )，系統透過擷取學習者週遭的物件 RFID標籤，提供學習者相關的教育資訊。

請問 Hiroaki Ogata and Yoneo Yano 是那一個國家的學者？(1) 美國(2) 新加坡(3) 日本(4) 台灣

1. Introduction無所不在的學習其特點有：

永久性：除非學習者刪除資料，否則學習歷程將永久保存。易取得：學習者隨處可擷取資料。立即性：學習者隨處可立即得到所需資訊並解決問題。互動性：學習者可透過同步或非同步與專家或老師互動。情境教學活動：學習者可以在自然並真實的情境之中學習。

無所不在的學習可以是電腦支援的合作學習環境 (CSCL)，著重於社會認知的知識建構與分享。

知識爆炸的挑戰，除了隨時隨地以任何形式提供資訊之外，更要在對的時候以對的方式提供對的內容。

"right time and right place"無所不在的學習環境 (RTRPL)。

系統發展及初步實驗

在發展 JAPELAS之前， Yano 和 Ochi已經發展它的基礎知識系統 JEDY (Japanese Expressions Dictionary system) , 它是支援學習變化禮貌用語的線上字典，在輸入對話同伴的資訊、關係及背景資料， JEDY將會秀給學習者合適的範例。

字彙學習系統 TANGO (Tag Added learNinG Objects) System以 RFID方式將標記、註解標在相對應的物件，以提醒語言初學者身邊週遭的單字，並提供學習者情境的正確資訊。

RFID應用：在商業應用裏網路將提供真實、準確、即時的資訊，例如將標籤晶片放於可樂罐，電腦可以追蹤它…

RFID的應用，將可能？(1) 只應用於教學(2) 應用於商業(3) 任何領域，將無所不用(4) 應用於娛樂

2.USCL → CSUL (Computer Supported Ubiquitious Learning)

2.1 What is CSUL？ CSUL is defined as a ubiquitous learning

environment that is supported by mbedded and invisible computers in everyday life

延伸閱讀 http://www-yano.is.tokushima-u.ac.jp/ogata/pdf/IPSJogata-clue.pdf

下列那一種學習的機動性較高？(1) 傳統學習(2) 桌上型電腦輔助學習(3) 行動學習(4) Ubi Learning

2.2 Learning Theories for CSUL CSUL is advocated by pedagogical theories such as on-demand learning,

hands-on or minds-on learning, and authentic learning.

There are four types of learning to ensure authentic learning: action, situated, incidental, and experimental learning. ( 活動，情境，附加，實驗 )

There are three forms of experimental learning: action learning, future search, and outdoor education.

3.JAPELAS

3.1Japanese polite expression It is difficult for the overseas students to use the

polite expressions because these expressions change according to the context.

3.1.1 Level of politeness

3.1.2 The factors of changes of Japanese polite expression

3.1.3 Rules for changes of Japanese polite expression

3.2 Implementation(執行 ) JAPELAS developed on the PDA with Pocket PC

2002, RFID tag reader/writer, GPS, and wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11b), Visual C++ 3.0.

JAPELAS has the following modules:Learner model:Environmental model: RFID, GPSEducational model:IR communication: 遠紅外線通訊Location manager: Polite expression recommender:

3.3 User Interface

3.4 Experimentation High school students: 16 boys, 2 girls

(average 16.9), No PDA experience, 56 percent of had own computers.

The user played a role, walked in the room, and randomly made a pair for the conversation.(30 mins)

五點式量表The average of thepoints was 3.78.

JAPELAS是關於什麼領域的教學應用？(1) 語言學習(2) 社會關係(3) 數學應用(4) 藝術應用

The average score given by Japanese students was 3.8, and the average score given by overseas students (9, average age: 28.9 years) was 4.0.

延伸參考資料來源：JAPELAS: Supporting Japanese Polite Expressions Learning Using PDA(s) Toward Ubiquitous Learning

4.TANGO4.1 Implementation TANGO developed on the PDA with Pocket PC

2002, RFID tag reader/writer, and wireless LAN at the same time, RFID tag reader/writer is attached on a CF (Compact Flash) card, within 5 cm distance, Visual Basic 3.0.

JAPELAS has the following modules:Learner model:Environmental model: Educational model:Communication tool: a BBS and a chat toolTag reader/writer:User interface:

4.2 Interface of CLUE

CLUE 在無所不在的運算環境中的合作學習支援系統 (Collaborative-Learning support-system in Ubiquitous computing Environments).

請問 JAPELAS 和 TANGO 兩個系統，是使用那一種行動設備進行學習？(1) 筆記型電腦(2)PDA

(3)Table PC

(4) 手機

4.3 Experimentation High school students: 6 (average 16), No PDA

experience, 50 percent of had own computers.

Each user looked for objects in the room according to the questions read aloud by the PDA.

五點式量表The average of thepoints was 3.78.

5.ConslusionsThe JAPELAS experiment was very useful to learn Japanese polite expressions.

The learner was very interested in the TANGO system.

Will try to adapt natural language interface to detect the verb in the future research without any input from the user.

formality should be detected not only location but also the time schedule.