contents passive radar research and development in south
TRANSCRIPT
Contents Passive Radar Research and
Development in South Africa – Status
Update
Presenter: Dr. Francois Maasdorp
for EW SA, International Conference & Exhibition, Pretoria
November 2017
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Contents
Background on Passive Radar
Applications and Benefits
Past R&D in South Africa
Current & Future R&D in South Africa (CSIR perspective)
– Development of an FM band Passive Radar Testbed
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Non-Standardised name for Passive Radar
• Passive Radar also known as:
– Passive Coherent Location (PCL)
– Passive Bistatic Radar (PBR)
– Piggy Back Radar
– Covert Radar
– Green Radar
– Commensal Radar
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Radar – As we know it
Transmit / Receive
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Bistatic Radar
Transmit Receive
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Passive Radar / Passive Coherent Location
Use Broadcasting Tower as transmitter
Receive
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Benefits and Applications
• Covert – receive only/minimal hardware
– Not give away own location
• Cost effective radar – receive
– No RF spectrum license/transmission required
– Low hardware cost
– Low life cycle/maintenance cost
• Highly Mobile – receive only/minimal hardware
• Non-cooperative air/naval platform detection technique
• Foreseen Applications
– Gap filling to radar networks (Civil Aviation & Defence)
• Incl. covering small airdromes
– Border safeguarding
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Passive Radar R&D - South Africa
• CSIR (Institute Role)
• University of Cape Town (Academic)
• University of Pretoria (Academic)
• Peralex (Industry)
• Lochtron (Industry)
• Armscor (Funding)
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FM Radio Coverage - Southern African
Countries
80 km
150 km
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Past Research – Single Site Tracking
• West Coast, Western Cape, SA (2014)
– Piketberg FM transmitter
• Tracking (2-D)
– Cessna 208
– Range and Angle
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Past Research – Multi-Static Tracking
• Western Cape, SA (2014)
– Cape Town FM transmitter
• Detection and tracking (2-D)
– Boeing like targets
– Off-line processing
Atlantic Rx
Kalbaskraal Rx
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Past Research – Detection Range &
Platform recognition
• Gauteng, SA (2013)
– Sentech FM Transmitter
• Detection Ranges
– Cessna 172 (2000 ft AGL)
• 168km (Bistatic)
– Boeings
• 400 km (Bistatic)
• Target Recognition (towards)
– Accurately estimate the RPM of
a Cessna 172 propeller
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CSIR R&D – Passive Radar Long Term
Test
• Passive Radar Emerging
Technology
– Significant research at Conferences/Journals since 2010
• Yet a lack of market acceptance of
this technology to date
– Lack of long term qualification data
• CSIR currently developing a
Passive Radar Test Bed facility
– Aim to exploit FM radio (Africa)
– 3 years period
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Passive Radar - Test Bed Development
• 6 Radar Receiver Nodes
– Geographically separated
– Range, Doppler, Angle Processing
• 1 Central Node
– Target tracking
– Database
• Reference Source
– ATNS
– ADS-B
• Connected with high
bandwidth capacity links
– 10 Gbps South African Research Network (SANREN)
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Area of Deployment – O.R. Tambo Airport
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Passive Radar Node – CSIR, DPSS
Reference
antenna on
a mast
Housing of equipment inside here
Surveillance
antennas
Receiver
Processing PC
UPS
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Passive Radar Node – SANSA SO
Receiver
Processing PC
Reference
antenna
Housing of equipment inside here
Surveillance
antennas
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Functionality - Receiver Node
• 3-channel receiver
– 1 x Reference channel, 2 x Surveillance channels
• Real-time GP-GPU based data processing
– Transform I/Q sample data to target detection data
• Range, Doppler, Angle
– Fixed CPI, PFA
• Stream target detection data (Visualise at central node)
– Range, Doppler, Angle
– Signal power per detection
– Noise floor per detection
– Weather data
• Store sampled I/Q data
– Link down time
– Process different detection thresholds (PFA), CPIs, etc.
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Functionality – Central Node
• Process target detection data
– Range, Doppler, Angle to target position
– Data association
– Target tracking
• Interface to truth data sensors
– Primary Surveillance Radar (OR Tambo)
– Secondary Surveillance Radar (OR Tambo)
– ADS-B receiver
• Store all data to database
– Including weather data
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Probability of Detection - CSIR
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Probability of Detection - SANSA
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Joint Probability of Detection – CSIR&SANSA
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Joint Tracking Density – CSIR & SANSA
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Future - FM Based Passive Radar Long
Term Test
FORESEEN for YEAR 3 – ending March 2019
• 6 Node FM based Passive Radar Infrastructure
• Central Node • 2/3-D Tracking • Database and statistics generation • Web based server for data sharing
• Add DVB-T2 Illuminator to support FM/DVB-T2 data fusion
• Benefit from increased range resolution
• Cooperative platform trials for 6 nodes
