consumer chemistry power point tcm4-640664

8/8/2019 Consumer Chemistry Power Point Tcm4-640664

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Predicting Physical

Properties of Molecules

from Functional Groups


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Learning outcomes

To become familiar with identifying key

functional groups within molecules.

To be able to explain the influence of

functional groups on intermolecular forces.

To be able to predict the physical properties of

molecules from functional groups present.


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Butanoic acid has a powerful, unpleasant odour. It is

found in rancid butter, Parmesan cheese and vomit.

Can you identify and name the functional group

present in butanoic acid?

Carboxyl group


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Aqueous solutions ofmethanal are commonly used in

embalming to preserve human or animal remains.

Can you identify and name the functional group present

in methanal?

Carbonyl group

Is methanal an aldehyde or a ketone? Aldehyde


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The molecule below is found in the disinfectant Dettol,

which we instantly recognise by its distinctive smell.

Dettol (chloroxylenol) helps us fight unwanted

bacteria.

Can you identify and name the functional group

present in Dettol?

Hydroxylgroup


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Carboxyl

groupAmide group

4-formamidobenzoic acid is used in pharmaceutical

compositions.

Can you identify and name two functional groups

present on the 4-formamidobenzoic acid molecule?


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Cinnamon is a tasty spice used to flavour biscuits,

cakes and pies. Cinnamon also has medicinal

properties.

Can you identify and name two functional groups in

cinnamon?

Is cinnamon an aldehyde or a ketone?

Carbonyl

group

Carbon-to-

carbon double

bond

Aldehyde


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What is the strongest type of intermolecular force of

attraction between cinnamon molecules?

(Hint: Think about the bond polarity of the functional

groups present!)


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Can you identify and name the two functional

groups present in methyl anthranilate?

Amino group

Methyl anthranilate occurs naturally in grapes and

is used as grape flavouring in drinks and chewing

gum.

Ester link


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Can you identify and name three different types of

functional group on the structure of vitamin C?

Ester link

Hydroxyl

group

Vitamin C is needed in your diet for the growth and

repair of tissues in all parts of your body.

Carbon-to-

carbon double

bond


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Which is the strongest type of intermolecular forceof attraction between molecules of vitamin C?


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Is vitamin C a polar or a non-polar molecule?

Is vitamin C soluble in water or in hexane?

(Hint: Think about which functional groups are present!)


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Glucose is a simple sugar that is used as an energy

source by many living organisms.

Is glucose soluble in water or in hexane? Justify your

answer with reference to the functional groups present.


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2-methylpropane is a branched hydrocarbon that is

used as a refrigerant.

Is 2-methylpropane soluble in water or in hexane?

Justify your answer with reference to the structure.

consumer chemistry power point tcm4-640664

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