components - global product support · networks connect. wim & wild allows ... ual components...

ComponentsWeigh in Motion (WIM)& Wheel Impact LoadDetector (WILD)Generic Product Catalog

Table of Contents

Introduction 4Main Features 4Application fields 4

System Overview 5Typical installation layout 5Track requirements 5

WIM & WILD Sensor 6Advantages 6Disconnection Box 7

Functions 8Transit train detection 8Weight measure calculation 8Load imbalance/overload detection and alarm generation 8Wheel impact load measures and wheel defect detection 8Train consist recognizing 8

Integration 9RFID 9T&IMP 9

Calibration 9

Auto Diagnostics 9

Human Machine Interface (HMI) 10Outputs 10

Sensor Interrogator Module 12

Application fieldsThe WIM & WILD system can be used for various ap-plications and with different aims, such as:• Improving safety,• Reducing track damage,• Improving operational efficiency,• Rerouting trains and/or wagons if weight ex-

ceeds the load limit of the line, very useful also at national borders or where two independent networks connect.

WIM & WILD allows operators to stop the incorrectly loaded cars or to apply a specific speed limit, when overloaded and/or unbalanced cars are detected, therefore preventing axles breaks and potential derailments.The cars and total train weight measurements can be used by the operator to determine the proper rout-ing according to load limits of the rail lines, especially in proximity of bridges or excessive gradients, pro-tecting both tracks and infrastructure from damage. In addition to this, knowing the exact weight of trains helps the operator at national borders or at the exit from yards or mines to perfectly determine the track access charges that apply to the train according to its weight and load transported.Being able to measure the quality of the wheel ensures that vehicles with defected wheels will be repaired before track wear or a possible accident happens. Condition-based maintenance ensures that the reaction time for wheel re-profiling is made shorter and wear of railroad tracks is consequently dramatically reduced. This results in an improved operational efficiency.

IntroductionThe WIM & WILD is a smart solution entirely based on optical fiber sensors technology, that combines the Weigh In Motion (WIM) functionality with the Wheel Impact Load Detector (WILD).

Main FeaturesIt was designed to detect automatically the load weight of a moving train, the load imbalances and the overloads. Also, the system is able to monitor the rolling surface of any wheel in transit along the rails, measuring the impact load on the rail of each wheel and detect any type of defect, such as: wheel flats, out of roundness, polygonisation.

4 All Rights Reserved. Passing and copying of this document or part of it,use and communication of its contents is not permitted without authorization. © Ansaldo STS.

Generic Product Catalog

System Overview

Typical system and installation layout

The WIM & WILD system sensors are set in parallel along the two rails.

Every WIM & WILD sensor is fitted with fiber optic cables provided with proper connectors in order to implement the connection between two successive sensors. This connection is implemented via an adapter of the same type compatible with connectors.

An IP67 box referred to as “Disconnection box” is used to protect fiber optic connectors and adaptor.

Technical RoomTechnical room near the “Measure Zone” in which processing units and sensor interrogator are located.

Measure ZoneTrack section equipped with fiber optic sensors anchored to the rail foot by means of clamps.

LAN

Technical room

Measure Zone

Data Processing

UnitSensor interrogator

AC/DC converter

230Vac

measure points

Disconnection box

Disconnection box

fiber optic cables

fiber optic cables

Signal

Track requirementsThe following are points for consideration when selecting a track section for installing the WIM & WILD sensors:• the track section (Measure Zone) equipped with

the measure points (sensors) shall be straight and as close to horizontal as possible;

• the train speed shall be higher than 25 km/h for WILD functionality and higher than 2 km/h for WIM functionality;

• areas of heavy acceleration/braking should be avoided, and possibly the speed of the train must be constant with a maximum variation of 5 % over the total length of the train;

• sites where trains routinely stop because of signals or stations should be avoided;

• the sensor-equipped track section as well as the sections set before and after the “Measure Zone” shall have no rail “changes”, turn-outs or other track equipment;

• the sensor-equipped track section as well as the sec-tions set before and after the “Measure Zone” shall have no defects (e.g.: wooden sleepers, rail joints and weld joints);

• the ballast in the measure zone shall be uniform and of good quality.

Typical installation layoutThe system consists of the following components:• WIM & WILD Sensors,• Sensor Interrogator,• Data Processing Unit.

Sensors are installed on a track section and parallel-dis-tributed along both rails; they are connected via fiber optic cables to the interrogator placed in the technical room; the data processing unit acquires signals and processes them thereby obtaining the measures.Few kinds of equipments are applied for system, so as to minimize the maintenance and the spare parts.

5

Weigh In Motion (WIM) & Wheel Impact Load Detector (WILD)

AdvantagesThe actual mounting takes only few minutes and no special preparation of the rail is required (no rail drilling and no installation platform). The installation doesn’t require modification of existing track structure and no specific foundation is needed. For this reasons, the system ensures a fast and easy installation on existing standard rails.The innovative technology and design of the fiber optic sensor give the measure point several advantages:• reduced overall dimensions and minimal impact on

the track;• no modification of the structural or physical char-

acteristics of the rail (no rail drilling and no installa-tion platform required, so rail “changes” are not at all required);

• ease of installation and removal;

The packaged WIM & WILD sensor is a fiber optic strain sensor, packaged into a durable metal housing to improve robustness features, thereby allowing using it in harsh operating environment.The WIM & WILD sensor is mounted between two sleepers, on the underside of the rail, and is anchored to the rail foot by means of clamps. The rail clamps are designed to work with the standard types of the rail, such as UIC60 rail.

WIM & WILD Sensor

• no electric/electronic circuits along the rail;• fiber optic cables (electric cables are not used);• electromagnetic immunity of the equipment;• no power supply required, so all insulation specifi-

cations are met;• wide working temperature range (-40 ÷ 85 °C);• robust construction for operation in harsh condi-

tions.• WIM & WILD sensor has been tested and certified in

railway applications in compliance with European Norm EN50125-3 and IS402.



Disconnection BoxThe Disconnection Box is a seal-tight metallic box used for protecting WIM & WILD sensors connectors and fiber optic adaptor. The box is positioned on the side of the track in the cable underground passage.The connection of two WIM & WILD sensor connectors is implemented inside the box by means of the adaptor, of the same type compatible with connectors.Disconnection Box is provided with IP67 certification.

General WIM & WILD sensor featuresTechnology: fiber optic

Size (l x h x d) [mm]: 270 x 250 x 100

Mounting: clamped to the rail foot (UIC60)

Operating temperature range [°C]: -40 ÷ 85

Humidity [%]: 0 ÷ 95

Standards Compliance: EN50125-3 and IS402

Disconnection box

Fiber optic access

Sensor

Clamps for anchoring to the rail

7


FunctionsThe system performs the following main functions:• TransiT Train DeTecTion;• WeighT Measure calculaTion;• Wheel iMpacT loaD Measures anD Wheel DefecT DeTecTion;• loaD iMbalance/overloaD DeTecTion anD alarM generaTion;• Train consisT recognizing.The output measures for each transit are reported in a file, which is stored on disk and is available to operators. Measure results and alarms can be used for statistical analysis.

Transit train detectionWhen a train passes in the measure zone, regardless of the running direction, any one sensor detects its transit. The system requires no remote “transit announcement” sensor.Sensor data storing is incremental and is considered as completed when the last wheel of the train leaves the measure zone. Transited trains are univocally identified by transit date and time, contained in the data file name.

Weight measure calculationThe system, for each train transited in the “Measure Zone”, determines the following data:• direction of transit;• average transit speed;• total number of axles;• gross weight of wheel;• gross weight of axle;• gross weight of bogie;• gross weight of wagon;• total train weight;• total train length.System accuracy is 2%.

Load imbalance/overload detection and alarm generationWeight measure values are compared to threshold val-ues to check the presence of the following alarms:• axle overload;• transverse axle imbalance;• transverse wagon imbalance;• longitudinal wagon imbalance.

Alarm thresholds for the different measures can be configured by the operator. For each generated alarm, the following data will be provided:• the type (axle overload, transverse axle/ wagon im-

balance, longitudinal wagon imbalance);• the involved vehicle;• the axle / side of the vehicle involved in the alarm;• the read value exceeding the threshold values.

Wheel impact load measures and wheel defect detectionThe system monitors the entire rolling surface of each wheel and provides the following impact load measure-ments:• average wheel impact (Qstatic);• peak wheel impact (Qmax);• dynamic load (Qmax – Qstatic);• dynamic ratio (Qmax/Qstatic);• identification of defected wheel.

The analysis software identifies a defected wheel and distinguishes the type of defect (wheel flat, out of roundness and polygonisation). The defected wheel is signalled to the operator by the user interface.

Train consist recognizingThe system recognizes the vehicle types of the train that is transited in the “Measure Zone”, using the axle distance measurements and comparing them to the structural vehicle information recorded in a database.For this function, the system must be initially config-ured for the characteristics of the cars that operate on the rail network. The system input data include car’s identity and structural data (number of axles, axle spac-ing, maximum design axle load, etc).



IntegrationRFIDWIM & WILD optionally includes a tag reader to enable Automatic Vehicle Identification using RFID tags. The tag information is correlated to the WIM & WILD data output. The antenna reader is interfaced via LAN.

T&IMPWIM & WILD system can be integrated to the Train and Infrastructure Monitoring Platform (T&IMP). It sends all the information (measurements, alarms and diagnos-tics) to the T&IMP via LAN.

CalibrationThe system is automatically calibrated using vehicles of known weight. Alternatively the average weight of engines passing the site can be used.The system must be re-calibrated yearly, or more often, depending on the specific operating conditions.

Auto DiagnosticsThe system is equipped with auto diagnostic tools which routinely check the operating conditions of the individ-ual components of the system and detect automatically the following failures:• sensor failure or sensor acquisition chain failure;• measure equipment failure.

In the event of a failure to certain components, the system operates in “degraded” mode, highlighting its condition together with the weight measures of the transited train.

9


Human Machine Interface (HMI)The processor acts as a web server and, any HMI work-station can access the data stored by the processor with the help of a standard internet browser. This means that a Controller/Operator or Maintainer may access the data via their workstation or laptop if the computer is linked into the rail operator’s network (TCP/IP protocol).The HMI provides the following functionality:• Highlight alarms with a visual and acoustic (if re-

quired) warning;• Display alarm details;• Manage alarm recognition;• Maintain a log of Operator activities;• Store, alarm, vehicle related data and, diagnostic

information;• Display a list of past and present train movements

and consist data;• Display the system diagnostic status (for each item

of equipment).

The system authenticates an operator using Username and Password credentials. The authentication provides different operator profiles, e.g.: “view only operator” (in this case the operator can only perform alarm recogni-tion) or “System Administrator”. A nominated operator, (i.e. System Administrator) typically sets the authentica-tion and profile for all other operators.

Schematic display of the selected transit

Transit detailsTrain list (List of the transits)

General information of the last transit

Key to search historic transits

Information in the HMI screen

OutputsThe WIM & WILD system outputs include:• transit date and time;• running direction;• average train speed;• total number of axles and wagons;• train composition and sequence of wagon types;• individual wagon identification (where wagons

have ID codes/tags);• gross weight of wheel (or axle) and wagon;• total train weight;• overloaded axles/boogies/wagons;• transverse axle imbalance;• longitudinal and transverse wagon imbalance;• train length;• dynamic load;• identification of defected wheel;• type and size of defect.

The WIM & WILD system output data is typically pro-vided to the relevant Train Control Center for display and storage into database.



Detailed wagon data

The impact load measure is indicated inside the wheel picture Defected wheel

11


Sensor Interrogator Module



Remarks

Ansaldo STS Australia Pty Ltd11 Viola Place, Eagle Farm,Brisbane Qld 4009www.ansaldo-sts.comTel: +61 7 3868 9333Fax: +61 7 3268 2219Sales Tel: 1800 016 032Sales Fax: 1800 684 550email: [email protected]

components - global product support · networks connect. wim & wild allows ... ual components...

Documents