common injuries
DESCRIPTION
Common Injuries. Strains. Occurs in muscles Placing too much pressure on the muscle or overuse can cause a strain. Sprain. Occurs in tendons and ligaments When the joint is sent in a direction that is beyond it’s range of motion (ROM) and the tendon/ligament suffers a tear(s). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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COMMON INJURIES
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STRAINS• Occurs in muscles
• Placing too much pressure on the muscle or overuse can cause a strain
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SPRAIN• Occurs in tendons and ligaments
• When the joint is sent in a direction that is beyond it’s range of motion (ROM) and the tendon/ligament suffers a tear(s)
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SEPARATION• When a ligament between two bones tears, separating the joint but not displacing it
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DISLOCATION• When you have a tear at the joint and the bones actually become displaced
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TENDONITIS• When the tendon becomes inflammed (red, sore, swollen, etc.)
• Often due to overuse and friction
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INITIAL PHYSICAL SIGNS OF AN INJURY
Swelling
Heat
Altered function
Redness
Pain
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FIRST RESPONSE EVALUATION1. Questions
• What is injured?
• How did it happen?
• Did you hear/ feel a pop or a crack?
(This could identify either a torn ligament or a fractured bone)
2. Pain perception and Movement
• Palpate (apply slight pressure) to the injured area and the areas around it; gauge the injury based on the person’s reaction
• Attempt to move the joint through its normal range of motion
The amount of movement will indicate the severity of the situation
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FIRST RESPONSE CONT’D• Once you have determined the severity of a situation, remove player from where the
injury occurred, testing their ability to bear weight on the way to the bench/sideline
• Apply your PIER principle to the injured area and recommend follow up appointments with physician or emergency department (depending on severity)
Pressure
Ice
Elevation
Rest
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CONCUSSIONS• Commonly referred to as traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), Concussions are the shaking or
jarring of the brain inside the skull
• Caused by bump, blow or jolt to the head; can also be caused by a fall or blow to the body
• One of the most severe injuries to deal with but by far the most interesting to examine
• Severity determined by the number of symptoms present, the immediate/delayed orientation of the individual and their overall consciousness
• SCAT 2 (Sport Concussion Assessment Tool) is going to be your assessment test for concussions
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SPINE AND NECK INJURIES• After step one (identifying where the injury has occurred), if the answer is Spine or Neck,
call 9-1-1 and then make the individual as comfortable as possible while stabilizing the neck
• You do not want to move a spine or neck injury victim without knowing the mechanism and having the professional background of a paramedic, doctor or sometimes, a sport/athletic therapist
LAWSUIT!
• Victims will often be fitted for a neck collar and boarded onto a spine board until x-rays can be taken
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ARTHROSCOPIC SURGERY• This is a much less invasive surgery that is used to repair bone and tissue damage in
joints such as the knee or the shoulder
• The most popular form of ACL reconstructive surgery or to repair a torn meniscus
• Fewer incisions and a faster recovering period
• Involves: The arthroscope (camera and light sources throughout the surgery)
• Micro-instruments such as scissors, graspers, shavers and suture needles
• The cannula which is a tube-like instrument used to remove or deliver fluid
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MYTHS• Apply ice! No wait, heat! No… ice! No… heat
• The use of ice is going to for injured or painful areas within 48 hours of an injury
• Apply with compression for period of 15-20 minutes on and 1 hour-1.5hr off
• After three or four days, if the injury and swelling doesn’t subside, attack the area with hot and cold baths or compressions
• Heat is best used to loosen tight muscles
• When in doubt, go with ice
• Keeping the shoe on
• This is important if you do not have access to compression devices or ice immediately. If both are available, remove the shoe and apply ice and compression right away