240 THE FRANKLIN JOURNAL AND

These are made to fall into a small thimble, or any other convenient vessel whicll can be immedintcly covered with the thumb, to exclude the air. This is LiJund to be perfectly free from grease, and to possess every desirable quality. [E&or*

FRANKTAN INSTlTUTE. (~~~~iltee of kvealions,’ &zptember 4th, 1826.

The ronmliI.tc,e of inventions having had referred to them for ex- amination, at1 auger for boring holes, either square, or of nnv other dt?Sitett ff~rin, invented by &$r. 11. Branch, of the state of se!; York, and ff~r \vhich he has obtked a patCnt from the United States,

Report, ‘l’hot. they bye carefully examined the instrument, and that it COW

sists of an augf’r, formed like the ordinary American screw-auger; that fhc f wistc4 part of the au$cr is enclosed in a case or socket, ex- tending front ?he IIJ~W part of ihe twist, to the cutti?g edge ; allowiiq thr snlilll cntcring screw only, to project beyond lt. The external form of the socket is either square or otherwise, according to the in- tended Aape of the hole to be bored, n large portion of its sides bein.g cut away, to allow the chips to escape. The lower end of the socket IS of st~cl, 11 rth a &arp cuttin, ‘r edge, bevelled towards the inside. The cuttmg et!:cs arc not allowed to terminate in right lines, but are made concavct SO as lo admit the angular points to enter the wood first ; this causing it to cut with greater ease, and more smoothly than it other.. WiS,! \V oulrl.

‘l’ttc upper part of the socket forms a collar, which works freely on’ the slmtk of the aupx. just above the twisted part, and is retained

. is wanted. two or InOre

augers are pla&l side by &de, fur&&d with their appropriate sockets, anti retained in their places by obvious contrivances.

But few instruments have fallen under the observation of the corn- miltee, SO complete1 adapted to the attainment of its object; it is at once perfectly simp e in its construction, and efficient in operation, i boring a square hole, with well defined angles, with nearly the same rapidity, as a round one of the same diameter, and forming it with a degree of truth unattainable by the ordinary methods.

rhe committee have never seen described, or in use, any insqm- ment, upon the same principle, or which can in any way interf-ere with it, as an original invention.

By order. THOMAS P. JONES, Secretary

ALYERICAN XECWANICS' MAQAZINE~ $41

hprovements in maytactuting piiper, and a.830 in type fot4n&igi * ,*

TOTUBEDITOB~PTERPILAL~KLXNJO~~ALLL.

SIR-I some time since received a Ietter, from a relative in Edi& burgh, giving some account of Messrs. Cameron & Son’s im roved machine for manufacturing pa er; -1 printed prospectus, setting fort K

the letter is accompame by a

Its use. the great advantages resulting from

‘rhe price of a machine, complete, is 500 guineas, and the amou?t of saving in one year, is stated to be $2640 88. sterlmg.

A mgle machine, is sufficient for a mill of four vats. It produces, in 12 hours, 15 reams of the largest size news, 30 reams of demy, or crown, and 60 of foolsca level paper, of uniform

, or pot paper. It produces a firm, smooth, t rlckness, and perfect1 P.

water drops, or hemming; exactlp square, Y free from air bubbles,

an with edges nearly aa tine as if cut; it is made, sheet by sheet, upon moulds; it comes so dry from the machine, that it will immediately bear any degree of ressure, and will, consequently, dry in about half the time required or paper P made in the ordinary way.

The stuff is worked cold, which not only removes the risk of fire, but produces a much higher shade of colour, whilst there is a degree of cleanliness, not attainable in the ordinary .process of manufacture. f

Tlw patentees state, that no description, or drawing, could convey any itiea of its utility aud perfection; and that to be judged of, It must be seen at work.

The writer of the letter has seen it in operation, and says, that it corn Jletely justifies the foregoing account. mat nner and his want of skill in drawing, 1.

The complexity of the

P revented his givin

fg an in-

telligible description of its construction; al that I can gather rom his account, is, that a number of frames are carried round in the trough, by an endless chain ; and that at a particular part of the o

!e ration,

the frames cant themselves over, and the paper is received etween two felts, which then pass through rollers, when the paper is deliver- ed nearly dry.

I have also received from Messrs. Didot, L&rand, & Co. of Paris, a notice of their POLYAMATYPE FOUNDRY. The improvement consists in casting at once, a great number of letters, from 100 to 166, ac- cording to the size of the type.

Two workmen of ordinary address, will fill the mould three bun- dred times in a day, and can, consequently, cast from 30 to 48,000 letters, or 40,000, on an average. Thts is said to be equal to the work of from 12 to 15 men, upon the old plan.

The letters are pronounced to be uniformly more perfect, than th08c: formerly produced.

So great is the saving by this process, that the manufacturers ati* their prices to be SO although the latter se P

er cent. below those of other founders 111 ?nW, I SO per cent. cheaper than the London prrces. Very respectfully, yours, A.

‘~‘OL. XL-No, ‘k--OCTOBER, 1826. 31

34:) ‘IIIE FKAX’KLIN JOURNAL AX5

The glass house Las two principal departments, one for the blow-. ing, and the olhcr for cutting. The former, is under the direction of Mr. Gla~,c, the liiIt.(ar, utitlcr tlrat of Mr. Young. MOSt itf the glass that is blown, is ilriendcd to 1,~: cut; it. is rcnisrka~rly clear and colour- less, and free from veins iilld blos: xrltl t.liC lonns given to their _tJitCherS, vases, disllcs, ant1 other artich+ arc in very good taste,

The cutting room exhibits a SCWlC Of active ilKiUStry, combined with the most perfect order, resulting, in part, from t!le nca! and ju- dicious arrangement of the machinery, but, undoubtedly, in a still hi her degree, from the excellent management of its conductors. T k ere are in one room, thirty-two wheels for cutting, the whole oi which are driven by a steam engine. Twelve other wheels are in preparation, wl . .I UC 1. are to be fised in another room, and to receive then f-notion from the SillnC source. &cry wheel was occupied, and all.l~ou~h t,he establishincnl is of comparatively recent origin, there is an :l[JJJeal'aiux ot' Ill:LtUrity :lhJUt it, that ?nprs dl.

Tlic sflccirnens \vlricl, wc csatnrned, and these were not few, were cut with great rcgrlarity, alrd well polished. Some of the best, we wcrc assured by t!le sul)~~~.itltenrlallt, wcrc, both in’desigu and exccu- tion, the work of boys who had been but a few months at the busi- ness.

The porcelain manufactory is under the direction of Mr. Shirley, a gentleman brought up to that business in England, and who has also spent a considcrablc portion of time in France, making himself ac- c@ntcd with the methods pursued in that kingdom. He has under his direction, workmen from both countries. The ware is much sup.

rior to any thing we had expected to find there. The principal arti- cles which we saw, were either of white biscuit, or of white and gold. in the French style. The tcsturc, and the colour, are equal to that of the china imported from France, the gilding, in general, well

* the surface clear and regular, and done. We have in our possessron, a

custard cup, taken at, random, from a number, which will justify these remarks. \Ve hope to see specimens from both establishments, at the approaching; exhibition of the Franklin Institute.

The glass works, me believe, belong entirely to Messrs. George Dununer & Co. of New York. The porcelain establishment is also owned, in great part, by them, the shares into which the stock is di

AXIERICAN MECHANICS MADAZIIE. 24s

P-ided, not having been taken up. In cmsequence of this, the business does not nppenr to be cawied on with the sxme spirit as that of the &m works-; does, not

and we were, somehow, impressed with an idea, -that it, xive the same promise of permanence: we, however, were

very transient observers, and hope, that, in this ins&nce, we were more moody than correct.

We also made a flying visit to Albany; and the only qzechanical trophy w!lich we brought away with us, is a wrought iron sptke, made by machinery, at the works of the Messrs. Townsend, riear thrit city. The rapidity with which they are made, is astonishing, ana they are preferred by the ship builders, to those made by hand. We had not time to visit the works, and therrforc cannot, speak more fully up6n the sukject; we ascerLGned, however, that they are formed by pressure.

‘Uris wolf freqricnts the prairies, or natural meadows of the west, where Crooi.~S or packs containi!\g a considerable num r of individuals are frequently seen following m the train of a herd for the purpose of preying on such as may die from disease, or in consequeuce of wuuntls in&ted by the hunters. At night they also approach the encampments of travellers, whom they sometimes follow for the sake of the carcasses of animals which are relinquished, ant1 b their discordant howlings, cIose to the tents, effectually bani& s eep from those who are unaccustomed to their noise. f According to Say’s observation, they are more numerous than any of the other wolves which are found in North America.

The b;lrking wolf closely resembles the domestic dog of the Indians in appearance, and is remarkably active and intelligent. Like the common wolf; the individuals of this species, frequently unite to run down deer, or a buffalo calf which has been separated from the herd, though it requires the fullest exercis: strength, to succeed in this chase.

oPaJ1 their speed, sagacity and They are very often exposed to

great distress from want of food, autl in this state of famine arc under the necessity of filliu;; their stoma+ with wild plums, or other fruits no less indigestible, in order to allay in some degree, the inordinate sensations of hunger.

This wolf barks in such a manner as to resemble the domestic do ? very distinctly ; the tirst two or three notes arc not to be clistinguishec

from those produced by a small terrier, but dittitrs from that dog by adding to these sounds a lengtheried scream. On account of this habit

s From Codman’s hmerican PJaturnl History.