Cinematography LO: To recognise the different camera angles and shots used by directors To understand what is meant by composition and all the key terms associated with it Using a helicopter or crane this type of shot is used to suggest the vastness of a landscape, establish a scene or to make a character vulnerable Quite simply this shot is used by a director to establish the location/setting of the drama. It could be a shot of New York for example. This shot is used to show the whole body of an actress or a number of actors. This could be used to show their isolation or vulnerability or to place them in a specific location. Similar to an establishing shot or master shot, a wide shot is used to show crowds of people in a fight scene or busy urban environment. Similar to an establishing shot but used to show two or more characters talking at the start of the scene without the need for editing. It establishes both location and the relationship between characters. Shot from the waist up Usually suggests conversation between characters (The key thing about this shot is that the audience should not attach any importance to the shot and instead pay attention to the dialogue.) A shot where two characters are engaged in conversation/ conflict in the same frame. You also need to consider prevalence in terms of who gets the most shots (obviously will cross over into composition) A shot which focuses on a characters face to suggest the emotion of that person (again a close up could be on any part of the mise en scene which the director deems to be important for the audience.) A shot which focuses very closely on an object or part of the body to suggest its importance or to show emotions. It is used to make the viewer feel involved in the action and make the thing they are looking at be placed in a position of danger, suspicion, centre of attention A shot which replicates the view from an actor or creature when they are looking at something else. See through the characters eyes. This shot is commonly used to illustrate conversation and relationships between two characters. Usually shown in the form of a conversation, where the camera cuts between the faces of the two or more people who are talking (not in an over the shoulder manner) A Dolly is a wheeled machine which the camera is mounted on, so the camera can follow or surround a character. It has a smooth action and is in contrast to the jittery motion of a hand held camera. The camera is mounted on a crane so actors can be viewed from above or to indicate where the actors have to go next. Its purpose is varied, one example being to mark a moment in time in the film and make the audience think about what they have just seen A high angle shot is used by the director to look down on a character, this action implies that this person is in a position of vulnerability A low angle shot is used by the director to look up at a character, this action implies that this person is in a position of authority An angle where the camera is positioned on an angle, usually used to suggest that a character is drugged, drunk, being beaten up or if the director has a particular style they want to portray. This refers to the horizontal (left to right or vice versa) movement of a camera when the camera follows something of significance in the film. A whip pan is a particularly fast panning action and is usually seen in an action film when following a car chase. This refers to the vertical (up and down) movement of a camera (similar to a nod.) This can indicate the height of an individual or building for example. The camera is placed on a track (think train track) and is then pushed down the track to follow the actions of a character or characters. A camera mounted to the body of a cameraman which is stabilized and offers the opportunity for the cameraman to closely follow the actions of an actor smoothly, this increases the feeling for the audience of being in the scene. Usually a very small camera which can be used by the cameraman to follow the actors in a jittery and realistic manner to make an action drama, for example, that more realistic Quite simply when a cameraman zooms in/or out of an item of interest. This could be a character crying or a bomb that is about to explode for example if the camera zooms in or to make a point about the world if they zoom out When a cameraman uses different lenses in a camera to replicate the movement of zooming in and zooming out at the same time. The impression given is something very significant is happening to the plot. Lets watch the opening of Rome What can you say about the use of different camera angles/shots and their effect in this scene?1RmJU&feature=bf_next&list=PLCE549D17 B170F6E1 U sing the knowledge of cinematography you now have from todays lesson, use your phone/camera to replicate the shots and camera angles covered in todays lesson.