Chapter 5 1

Pregnancy and Childbirth

Chapter 5 2

Objectives: Pregnancy and Childbirth

Describe the physical and emotional changes a woman typically goes through

Identify the importance of good prenatal care and the important elements

Identify the contributors to infertility

Describe the process of labor and delivery

Describe ways of preparing for a healthy postpartum period

Define key terms

Chapter 5 3

Deciding to Become a Parent

Physical health and age Financial circumstances Relationship with your partner Education, career and child care plans Emotional readiness Social support Personal qualities Philosophical or religious beliefs

Chapter 5 4

Preconception CareMale and Female

Pre-existing medical conditionsPrescription drug/OTC drug usePrior pregnancy or delivery

problems.Age Smoking, alcohol or other drug usageDiet/ Folic AcidFamily history of genetic disorders

Chapter 5 5

Conception/Fertility

Conception is the fertilization of a women’s egg by a man’s sperm Fertilized egg is called a zygote

Egg not fertilized disintegrates within 24 hrs

Millions of sperm in ejaculate (Between 120 and 600 million sperm with each ejaculation)

Sperm release an enzyme to soften outer layer of egg

Egg and sperm each carry 23 chromosomes

Chapter 5 6

Chapter 5 7

Chapter 5 8

HS 200 Continue with calendar entries

Thurs, Oct. 26- Wellness Worksheet S7

Tues, Nov. 7- Last day to turn in 12-Step Review (may complete 12-step review OR community activity/meeting)

Thurs, Nov. 9- Last day to accept service learning projects (REQUIRED FOR ALL STUDENTS)

Are you paying attention to your mind chatter?

Chapter 5 9

Pregnancy and Childbirth

Chapter 5 10

Infertility Affects about 10% of U.S. Couples

Women Blocked fallopian tubes Pelvic Inflamm. Disease Endometriosis Hormonal imbalance Uterine Growths Allergic responses to

sperm Smoking Alcohol Toxic chemicals or

radiation

Men Low sperm count Poor motility Blocked passageways Toxic substances Smoking Drugs Testicular injury Infections Birth defects High Temperatures

Chapter 5 11

Not just viewed as the “woman’s problem” anymore…..

35% of cases attributed to the male

Most common reason is inability to produce adequate numbers of healthy sperm

Chronic alcohol abuse reduces

the ability of the male to produce

normally formed sperm cells.

Chapter 5 12

The Wives of Henry VIII

(

1491-1547

Chapter 5 13

Catherine of Aragon 1485-1536

Chapter 5 14

Anne Boleyn 1505-1536

Chapter 5 15

Jane Seymour 1509- 1537

Chapter 5 16

The 6 Wives of Henry the VIII

Divorced~ Beheaded~ Died~ Divorced~ Beheaded~ Survived

Chapter 5 17

Protect Your Fertility!

Chapter 5 22

Key Terms Embryo: Weeks 2-8 Fetus: Week 9 - Birth Placenta: Organ through which fetus receives

nourishment Umbilical cord: Cord connecting placenta and

fetus Amniotic Sac: Pouch enclosing and protecting

fetus

Chapter 5 27

Diagnosing Fetal Abnormalities

UltrasoundAmniocentesisChorionic Villus sampling (CVS)Triple marker screen (TMS)

Chapter 5 28

Basics of Prenatal CareRegular medical checkups Blood testsNutritious diet /Prenatal Vitamins (folic acid)

Avoidance of alcohol, tobacco, other drugs, and any infections that may harm the fetus

Reasonable exercisePreparation for childbirth

Physically / Emotionally

Chapter 5 29

Complications

Ectopic pregnancySpontaneous Abortion, or miscarriagePreeclampsia/eclampsiaLow-birth Weight (LBW) Infant Mortality

SIDS

Chapter 5 30

Choices in Childbirth

Who is going to assist with delivery?

Discuss Birth Plan in advance

Where is the baby going to

be delivered?

Who will be present at the birth?

Chapter 5 31

Labor and Delivery

3 Stages of Labor

Entire process 2-36+ hours

Chapter 5 32

Stage 1 ◊ Cervical Effacement and Dilation

◊ Contractions- Every 15-20 minutes for 30 seconds ◊ Mucus plug is expelled and amniotic sac may rupture.◊ Last part of First Stage:

TRANSITION

Chapter 5 33

Stage 2- Expulsion

Baby slowly pushed into birth canalBaby squeezes through pelvisHead is usually delivered firstUmbilical cord is cut

Chapter 5 34

Stage 3: Delivery of Placenta

5-20 minutes after birth

Apgar Scale of the Baby

Cesarean deliveries

Chapter 5 35

P. 98 Text

Chapter 5 37

Postpartum Depressionaffects 10-15% of women any time from

a month to a year after childbirth.

Less than 1% of new mothers—women develop postpartum psychosis.

Paranoia~ Irrational Thoughts Hospitalization often indicated

National Institute of Mental Health

Chapter 5 38

Causes are thought to be:

The dramatic hormonal shifts that occurduring pregnancy

The Chemical changes in the brain that result

The dramatic lifestyle changes and round-the clock- care required after the birth of a baby.

Guilt, shame, isolation, and her depressed state often keep her from getting the help needed.

Postpartum Depression is common and treatable Call NIH at 1-866-615-6464 for assistance, support,

further info.

Chapter 5 39

What might have happened if Andrea Yates had received the medical help and support needed?

Noah- 7, John-5, Luke- 3, and Paul- 2, Mary- 6 months

Chapter 5 40

Support the new moms you know!

Offer to watch the baby or siblingsHelp with household chores,

shopping,etc.Check in regularly

Chapter 5 41

Protect your Fertility!