chapter 2 models of settlement english colonial societies, 1590–1710
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 2
Models of SettlementEnglish Colonial Societies, 1590–1710
What was the English attitude toward Indians?
CHAPTER TWO: MODELS OF SETTLEMENT: ENGLISH COLONIAL SOCIETIES, 1590-1710
CHAPTER TWO: MODELS OF SETTLEMENT: ENGLISH COLONIAL SOCIETIES, 1590-1710
I. The Chesapeake Colonies
II. New England
III. The Caribbean Colonies
IV. The Restoration Era and the Proprietary Colonies
V. The Crises of the Late Seventeenth Century
VI. The Whig Ideal and the Emergence of Political Stability
The Chesapeake Colonies
A. The Founding of Jamestown
B. Tobacco Agriculture and Political Reorganization
C. Lord Baltimore’s Refuge: Maryland
D. Life in the Chesapeake: Tobacco and Society
The Founding of Jamestown
Why did Jamestown turn out to be such a poor choice for a permanent settlement?
How do you account for the early failures of Jamestown and its eventual successes?
What was the “starving time?
What role did women play in Indian diplomacy?
What were some of the most important reforms implemented in 1618 by Edwin Sandys?
Tobacco Agriculture and Political Reorganization
Tobacco Agriculture and Political Reorganization
Headright System - An incentive system to encourage additional immigrants by giving 50 acres to any man who would pay their own fare to Virginia and 50 additional acres for each person brought with him
What role did women play in Indian diplomacy?
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What was a proprietor?
Lord Baltimore’s Refuge: Maryland
Lord Baltimore’s Refuge: Maryland
Proprietor - This English legal title carried with it enormous political power, giving its possessor almost king-like authority over his domains. Colonial proprietors carried similar powers.
Life in the Chesapeake:Tobacco and Society
How did the unbalanced sex ratio of the Chesapeake impact gender roles in this colonial region?
New England
I. Plymouth Plantation
II. A Godly Commonwealth
III. Challenges to Puritan Orthodoxy
IV. Expansion and Conflict
New England
Separatism - Strain of English Protestantism Separatists argued for complete separation from the established Church of England.
Why were English reformer called Puritans?
Plymouth Plantation
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What does Jan Steen’s painting tell us about the world English Separatists encountered in Holland?
The Godly Commonwealth
Why did John Winthrop describe New England as “a city upon a hill?”
How did settlement patterns in New England compare with the Chesapeake?
A Godly Commonwealth
Why was the term Puritan an apt characterization of the Calvinists within the English church seeking further reformation?
What drove the Pilgrims to leave Holland, a country noted for both its prosperity and its tolerance?
Challenges to Puritan OrthodoxyWhat do New England’s laws reveal about its
culture?
What differences can you assign to the visions of liberty espoused by orthodox Puritans such as John Winthrop and dissenters such as Roger Williams?
Why was Ann Hutchinson such a threat to the Puritan elite?
Challenges to Puritan Orthodoxy
Quakers - The Society of Friends, who believed each individual possessed a divine spark of grace, an inner light that could lead them to salvation
Expansion and Conflict
What explains the dramatically different pattern of settlement in the Chesapeake and New England? What forces and ideas shaped the spatial organization of each region?
The Caribbean Colonies
I. Power is Sweet
II. Barbados: The Emergence of a Slave Society
Power is Sweet
Why did the English sugar islands turn to slavery as their primary labor source? How did early Carolina function as a colony of a colony?
What was the main source of wealth in the Caribbean islands?
Barbados: The Emergence of a Slave Society
Why did Barbados turn to slavery as its primary source of labor?
The Restoration Era and the Propriety Colonies
I. The English Conquest of the Dutch Colony of New Netherland
II. A Peaceable Kingdom: Quakers in New Jersey and Pennsylvania
III. The Carolinas
What was the Restoration?
The Restoration Era and the Propriety Colonies
Restoration - In 1660 Charles II became king of England, restoring the monarchy to power after the Civil War and Cromwellian rule.
The Restoration Era and the Propriety Colonies
The English Conquest of the Dutch Colony of New Netherland
A Peaceable Kingdom: Quakers in New Jersey and Pennsylvania
How did Pennsylvania embody Quaker ideals?
How did William Penn’s Quaker faith shape his vision of Pennsylvania?
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What were the most important differences between Maryland’s and Pennsylvania’s policy of toleration?
The Carolinas
In what ways was Carolina a colony of a colony?
The Crises of the Late Seventeenth Century
I. War and Rebellion
II. The Dominion of New England and the Glorious Revolution
III. The Salem Witchcraft Hysteria
War and Rebellion
What were the main causes of Bacon’s Rebellion?
What economic and demographic forces contributed to the emergence of slavery in the Chesapeake region?
What role did conflicts with Native Americans play in the crisis of the latter part of the seventeenth century?
Bacon’s Rebellion - A popular uprising in Virginia in 1676 named after its leader, Nathaniel Bacon.
War and Rebellion
What was the Glorious Revolution?
The Dominion of New England and the Glorious Revolution
The Dominion of New England and the Glorious Revolution
Glorious Revolution - The relatively bloodless revolution that led to the ascension of William and Mary, which was widely seen as a vindication for English liberty.
The Salem Witchcraft Hysteria
What role did spectral evidence play in the Salem witchcraft trials?
What role did gender play in the dynamics of the Salem witch trials?
The Salem Witchcraft Hysteria
What role did spectral evidence play in the Salem witchcraft trials?
What role did gender play in the dynamics of the Salem witch trials?
Why did New Englanders believe that the Devil made his minions sign a book or contract?
The Salem Witchcraft Hysteria
What does the map of Salem witchcraft accusations tell us about this event?
The Whig Ideal and the Emergence of Political Stability
I. The Whig Vision of Politics
II. Mercantilism, Federalism, and the Structure of Empire
The Whig Vision of Politics
What ideas and values were most closely associated with Whig politics?
What were the most important features of the Whig idea?
The Whig Vision of Politics
Whigs - The group that supported parliamentary power after the Glorious Revolution.
Mercantilism, Federalism, and the Structure of Empire
What was the theory of mercantilism?
Mercantilism, Federalism, and the Structure of Empire
Mercantilism - Theory of empire that advocated strict regulation of trade between colonies and the mother country to benefit the latter.