chap 10 ppt 3 upper limb - blair high...

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Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Human Anatomy & Physiology SEVENTH EDITION

Elaine N. Marieb Katja Hoehn

PowerPoint® Lecture Slides prepared by Vince Austin, Bluegrass Technical and Community College

C H

A P

T E

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10 The Muscular System

P A R T C


H. Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles

1. Muscles of the thorax

2. Anterior a. Pectoralis major (inserts into humerus; all others insert into pectoral girdle)

b. Pectoralis minor c. Serratus anterior d. Subclavius


3. Posterior a. Latissimus Dorsi b. Trapezius Muscles c. Levator Scapulae d. Rhomboids


4. These muscles are involved with the movements of the scapula including

a. Elevation

b. Depression

c. Rotation

d. Lateral and medial movements


5. Prime movers of shoulder elevation are

a. Trapezius

b. Levator scapulae


I. Muscles Crossing the Shoulder 1. Nine muscles cross the

shoulder joint and insert into the humerus

2. Prime movers include:

a. Pectoralis major

1) arm flexion

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I. Muscles Crossing the Shoulder b. Latissimus dorsi and

posterior fibers of the deltoid 1) arm extension

c. Middle fibers of the deltoid 1) arm abduction


3. Rotator cuff muscles originate on the scapula a. Supraspinatus b. Infraspinatus c. teres minor d. subscapularis

4. Function mainly to reinforce the capsule of the shoulder

5. Secondarily act as synergists and fixators


6. The coracobrachialis and teres major:

a. Act as synergists

b. Do not contribute to reinforcement of the shoulder joint


1. Forearm extension a. Triceps brachii is the prime

mover of forearm extension b. The anconeus is a weak synergist

A. Muscles Crossing the Elbow


A. Muscles Crossing the Elbow 2. Forearm flexion

a. Brachialis and biceps brachii are the chief forearm flexors

b. Brachioradialis acts as a synergist and helps stabilize the elbow


B. Muscles of the Forearm

1. Forearm muscle groups

a. those that move the wrist

b. those that move the digits

2. Anterior muscles are flexors

3. Posterior muscles are extensors

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4. The pronator teres and pronator quadratus are not flexors, but pronate the forearm

5. The supinator muscle is a synergist with the biceps brachii in supinating the forearm


C. Muscles of the Forearm: Anterior Compartment 1. These muscles

are primarily flexors of the wrist and fingers

Figure 10.15a


D. Muscles of the Forearm: Posterior Compartment 1. These muscles are

primarily extensors of the wrist and fingers

Figure 10.16a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

E. Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand 1. These small muscles:

a. Lie in the palm of the hand (none on the dorsal side)

b. Move the metacarpals and fingers

c. Control precise movements (e.g., threading a needle)

d. Are the main abductors and adductors of the fingers

e. Produce opposition – move the thumb toward the little finger


Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand

Figure 10.18a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand

Figure 10.18b

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F. Finger and Thumb Movements

1. Flexion

a. Thumb – bends medially along the palm

b. Fingers – bend anteriorly

2. Extension

a. Thumb – points laterally

b. Fingers – move posteriorly


G. Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand: Groups

1. There are two groups of intrinsic hand muscles

a. The thenar eminence (ball of the thumb)

b. hypothenar eminence (ball of the little finger)

c. each have a flexor, an abductor, and an opponens muscle


2. The midpalm muscles

a. Lumbricals

b. Interossei

c. extend the fingers

3. The interossei also abduct and adduct the fingers

chap 10 ppt 3 upper limb - blair high...

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