bloody sunday - typepad · 2013. 3. 4. · bloody sunday. president lyndon johnson and key members...

BLOODY SUNDAY

"Bloody Sunday" refers to the March 7, 1965, civil rights march was supposed to go from

Selma to the capitol of Alabama,

Montgomery, to protest the shooting

death of civil rights activist

Jimmy Lee Jackson.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSVNPHi4MQc

http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1635http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1833http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-2011http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-2011https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSVNPHi4MQc

Jimmy Lee Jackson is remembered as a catalyst for the Bloody Sunday march because of his tragic death at just 26 years old. At the hands of an Alabama state trooper, James Fowler, during a small peaceful protest in Marion, Perry County, Jackson was shot in the stomach as the troopers tried to break up the protest. Jackson was taken 50 miles to the hospital coloreds for treatment, where he died eight days later.

His death was eulogized by Martin Luther King Jr., and

other movement leaders who called for a march from

Selma to Montgomery to protest Jackson's death and advocate for voting rights.

javascript:void(0);http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1426http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1114http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1114

At a memorial service for Jackson, Rev. James Bevel of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) called for blacks to follow the example of the Biblical Queen Esther, who risked her life by going to the King of Persia to appeal for her people.

Bevel stated that the activists must similarly march to Montgomery to demand protection from Gov. George C. Wallace.

http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1909http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1909http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1909http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1676javascript:void(0);

• Two days later, civil rights leader Martin Luther

King Jr. offered the support of the SCLC to

head up a march from Selma to Montgomery on

Sunday, March 7, to protest Jackson's death

and to push for voting rights

The members of the Student

Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

(SNCC) refused to support the march,

however, because they believed that

the objectives of the march did not

justify the danger. But its leaders

agreed to let SNCC president John

Lewis take part as an individual.

http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1426http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1426javascript:void(0);http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1847http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1847http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1841http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1841

http://lifenthe60s.blogspot.com/

Alabama Governor Wallace, had hesitated over whether or not to permit the march, but

finally decided to direct the Alabama State

Troopers to stop the marchers once they had

left the city limits of Selma by crossing the

Edmund Pettus Bridge. Wallace asked for the city police and county police

to assist the troopers.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:George_C_Wallace_%28Alabama_Governor%29.png

Selma's public safety director Wilson Baker, who

was in charge of the city police, refused to let his

men join the troopers in what he feared would

become a brutal attack on the marchers.

Wilson begged Selma’s Mayor, Joe Smitherman,

to let him head off such a clash by arresting the

marchers before they crossed the bridge.

But Mayor Smitherman, who had complete faith

in Governor Wallace's promise to disperse the

marchers without undue violence, refused.

On Sunday, March 7, the state troopers along with Sheriff Clark’s deputies and horse-mounted posse, were assembled at the end of the Edmund Pettus Bridge by 12 noon.

Although, the march did not begin on time, however, because Dr. King had not returned from Atlanta, and there was a good deal of confusion about whether or not to postpone the march. Finally when King was reached by phone, he gave permission to proceed without him.

When the marchers first left

Brown Chapel AME Church

at 1:40 p.m. they were

stopped by the Safety

Director, Wilson Baker, who

ordered them to follow the

usual rules for such events:

marching two-by-two, five

feet apart. The

demonstrators went to a

nearby playground to

regroup and set out once

again at 2:18 p.m.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_Chapel_A.M.E._Church_%28Selma,_Alabama%29

Under the leadership of Hosea Williams of

SCLC and John Lewis of SNCC, they marched

to Broad and across the Edmund Pettus

Bridge.

http://www.ctpost.com/news/us/article/AP-PHOTOS-Anniversary-of-Bloody-Sunday-march-4324927.php

The commander of the state

troopers, Major Cloud, announced that the Governor

Wallace has forbidden the

march and gave the marchers 2 minutes to turn

back.


When the marchers did not obey promptly, Major

Cloud ordered the troopers to advance.

At first, the troopers simply shoved the marchers

back with billy clubs held at both ends,

but soon they began lashing out.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bloody_Sunday-officers_await_demonstrators.jpeg

They deployed 40 canisters of tear gas, 12

cans of smoke, and 8 cans of nausea gas,

and began chasing the marchers back

across the bridge.

The troopers and the mounted posse pursued the

fleeing 600 peaceful marchers all the way back to

Brown Chapel, beating people as they went.

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Wilson Baker, the

Safety Director,

then confronted

Sherriff Clark and

told him to take

control of his men

and leave the

area. Sherriff

Clark reluctantly

withdrew his

forces.

• It was now possible for ambulances to pick up the injured and race them to Selma's two black hospitals.

• 56 patients were treated at the two hospitals, with 18 being admitted overnight, including John Lewis, who had a fractured skull.

http://mrmokelly.com/tag/john-lewis/

• The television coverage shocked the nation. • It provoked an outpouring of support for

the voting rights movement from whites

throughout the country including priests,

ministers, nuns, rabbis, labor leaders,

students, and ordinary citizens who

poured into Selma to stand with the

marchers.

• An estimated 800 volunteers from 22

states arrived in Selma in the days after

Bloody Sunday.

President Lyndon Johnson

and key members of

Congress who had been

dubious about the need for a

voting rights bill now committed

themselves to its passage.

http://fineartamerica.com/featured/president-lyndon-johnson-1908-1973-everett.html

On Tuesday, March 9, 1965 the marchers made a

second attempt, led by Rev. Dr. ML King, but were

turned back at the end of the bridge again, earning the

day’s nickname "Turnaround Tuesday."

http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0211/48832.html

Finally, a 3rd and

successful attempt

began under the

protection of the

Alabama National

Guard as ordered by

President Johnson on

Sunday, March 21.

The marchers finally

reached Montgomery

on the 50 mile walk on Thursday, March 25.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American_Civil_Rights_Movement_%281955%E2%80%931968%29http://www2.facinghistory.org/Campus/Events.nsf/HTMLProfessionalDevelopment/097F697109EEBCAC8525760F0065ED85?Opendocument

The Voting Rights Bill that King, Lewis,

and so many other civil rights leaders had

sought was signed into law August 6, 1965.

http://www.core-online.org/History/voting_rights.htm

March 3, 2013


March 3, 2013

http://news.yahoo.com/photos/u-rep-john-lewis-d-ga-points-where-photo-005757352.html;_ylt=ArjlpNUfK.7yG.KJsFrZ7u61qHQA;_ylu=X3oDMTQ1Mmpwb29jBG1pdANBcnRpY2xlIFJlbGF0ZWQgTGVhZARwa2cDNzFjYTdhYWUtNWM2MS0zMTMwLTllMzMtODFhNWFjYzUyYTBkBHBvcwMxBHNlYwNNZWRpYUFydGljbGVMZWFkBHZlcgNiODE5NjlhMC04NDY2LTExZTItYjZmZi1kZDMwNTBlZWRkYzM-;_ylg=X3oDMTJtcm40czdxBGludGwDdXMEbGFuZwNlbi11cwRwc3RhaWQDMGI5ZDJjNjgtYTEwZS0zNmNjLTk3ZDgtYmY1Y2FmMzgxN2Q3BHBzdGNhdAN1LXMEcHQDc3RvcnlwYWdl;_ylv=3

March 3, 2013


Jubilee

• http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/ap-photos-18644482

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BzySzN5nkxI

• http://www.11alive.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=181179

http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/ap-photos-18644482http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/ap-photos-18644482http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/ap-photos-18644482http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/ap-photos-18644482http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/ap-photos-18644482http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BzySzN5nkxIhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BzySzN5nkxIhttp://www.11alive.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=181179http://www.11alive.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=181179

http://www.habitatsvaz.org/News___Events_Y1YW.html

Lyrical tribute to

Bloody Sunday • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a115XUCoq_g

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a115XUCoq_g

Student Response to Bloody Sunday Using evidence from your notes,

students will write either:

• Monologue

• Poem

• Essay response

• Song/rap

…to describe the events using

figurative language and offer

commentary about

Bloody Sunday.

bloody sunday - typepad · 2013. 3. 4. · bloody sunday. president lyndon johnson and key members...

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