biology ltf diagnostic test nature of...

Biology Multiple Choice 016010

BIOLOGY LTF® DIAGNOSTIC TEST

NATURE OF SCIENCE

2

TEST CODE: 016010

Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet.

1. The purpose of a biology course is to

A) study plant and animal differencesB) observe, measure, and analyze microscopic organismsC) study living organisms and understand their relationships to one anotherD) study the structure and function of animalsE) recognize the meanings of interdependence and coexistence

2. All of the following would be appropriate safety rules EXCEPT

A) Report any personal injury to the teacher immediately.B) Tie back loose clothing and long hair.C) Do not taste or directly inhale any unknown chemicals.D) Use your extra lab time to discover how various chemicals react when combined.E) Read and follow all safety instructions.

Question 3 refers to the following:

I. Hypothesis II. Theory III. Law

3. An explanation that has been well tested and unifies a broad range of observations.

A) I onlyB) II onlyC) III only D) I and II only E) I and III only

Biology Multiple Choice

2

Question 4 refers to the following narrative:

A study was conducted to test which fertilizer (A,B, or C) is most effective for the growth of St. Augustine’s grass over a 6 week time period. The following data was collected from the study.

Numbered Plot of Grass

Treatment Applied Average of Initial Height of Grass

(cm)

Average of Final Height of Grass

(cm)1 Water 1.5 2.52 Fertilizer A 1.5 33 Fertilizer B 1.5 1.94 Fertilizer C 1.5 2

4. All of the following are examples of constant, or controlled, variables for this experiment EXCEPT

A) conducting this experiment in a greenhouseB) keeping the amount of water in each plot the sameC) limiting the amount of natural light to which the plants are exposedD) using disease-free grass plotsE) varying the amount of fertilizer given to each plot of grass

5. Which of the following would be the best safety procedure to follow if your lab partner splashes a laboratory chemical into her eye? A) Assume the chemical is safe and help your partner wipe her eye with paper towels.B) Rinse the eyes with water, notify the teacher and ask for further advice. C) Rinse the eyes with water until your partner says the burning has stopped.D) Have your lab partner sit still with her eyes closed as you send for the school nurse. E) Put her goggles on her eyes and tell her to be more careful next time.

6. James was performing an experiment in which he heated a glass beaker containing 100 mL of dilute acetic acid. He noticed a slight crack in the beaker. Which of the following would be the safest procedure for James to follow?

A) Lower the flame on the Bunsen burner and continue heating the solution. B) Discontinue heating and report the defect to the teacher.C) Discontinue heating, cool the beaker, and apply sealant to the crack.D) Continue heating the solution as long as fluid does not seep from the crack.E) Increase the flame on the Bunsen burner to complete the heating quickly before the crack

enlarges.


3

Question 7 refers to the following diagram:

7. What is the piece of lab equipment labeled A?A) graduated cylinderB) 100 mL beakerC) Erlenmeyer flaskD) dropperE) test tube

8. Franklin noticed there were four patches of grass in his lawn that had turned brown and appeared dead. He had read that a fungus can cause these brown patches in the yard. He wondered if his brown patch was caused by a fungus. He would like to do an experiment in which he treats two of his spots with an antifungal chemical and leaves the other two untreated. He would then compare how quickly new grass grows in each spot. Which of the following would be the most appropriate hypothesis for Franklin’s experiment? A) The brown patches in the yard are most likely caused by a fungus. B) If the antifungal chemical is applied then it will kill the grass.C) If the brown spots are caused by a fungus then the grass patches treated with antifungal

chemical will grow back the fastest.D) If Bermuda grass seeds and St. Augustine seeds are sprinkled over the patches then the

Bermuda grass patches will grow new grass the fastest.E) If the brown patch is caused by worms then grass patches treated with antifungal

chemicals will grow back the fastest.

9. Correctly written hypotheses should be written in such a way that

A) ensures that an experiment will be valid.B) enables them to be proven valid. C) enables them to be tested.D) does not contradict previous hypotheses. E) enables the experimenter to be correct.


4

10. Which of the following statements are correct?

I. The independent variable is generally graphed on the y-axis. II. The dependent variable is the variable that responds.III. The dependent variable is generally graphed on the y-axis.

A) I onlyB) II onlyC) III onlyD) I and II onlyE) II and III only

Directions: The group of questions below consists of five lettered answers followed by a list of numbered phrases or sentences. For each numbered phrase or sentence select the one answer that is most closely related to it and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all in each group.

Questions 11 and 12 refer to the following units of measurement:

A) Centimeters B) Ounce C) Grams D) ° C E) Milliliters

11. Which unit of measurement is used to record the volume of 10 sunflower seeds?

12. Which unit of measurement is used to record the temperature of a chemical reaction involving the sunflower seeds in a test tube?

Question 13 refers to the following laboratory tools.

A) Graduated cylinder B) Forceps C) Beaker D) Pipette E) Petri dish

13. Which would be most accurate for measuring 137 mL of a salt solution?


5


E

14. Which piece lab equipment above can accurately measure 0.3 milliliters?

Question 15 refers to the following diagrams.

15. Which set of equipment would be used to determine the gross muscle structure of a chicken leg?

Biology Free Response 016010

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BIOLOGY

LTF® DIAGNOSTIC TEST NATURE OF SCIENCE

Directions: The suggested time is about 15 minutes for answering a free response biology question, which is worth 10 points. The parts within a question may not have equal weight. Answers must be inessay form. Outline form is NOT acceptable. Labeled diagrams may be used to supplement discussion,but in no case will a diagram alone suffice. It is important that you read each question completely beforeyou begin to write. Question 1 (10 points) Justin conducted an experiment to measure the effect of acid rain on the germination of seeds. He placed 10 radish seeds in the bottom of 10 Petri dishes that had been lined with filter paper. He added equal amounts of solution to each of the dishes then placed the lids on top and stored the dishes in the dark. On days 2, 4 and 6 he measured and recorded the length of the radicle (root) on each seed and calculated an average radicle length. A summary of his results are shown in the data table below:

Average Radicle Length (mm) Solution in Dish Day 2 Day 4 Day 6

A. Distilled water 1.0 4.0 5.0 B. Solution pH 2.00 0.0 0.5 1.5 C. Solution pH 5.00 2.0 5.0 8.0 D. Solution pH 8.00 1.0 3.0 3.5

A. Prepare a graph of the data from Justin’s experiment.


- 2 -

B. Describe a control group and identify the control group used in Justin’s experiment

C. Explain which solution was most detrimental to the germination of the radish seeds. Use data to support your explanation.

D. Describe three safety procedures Justin should have followed during his experiment.


- 3 -

Question 2 (10 pts)

The following data was collected from an experiment that tested the best temperature for growing yeast cells. Each culture began on Day 0 with the same amount of a dilute molasses solution and 1 drop of a stock culture of yeast. On Day 1, a drop of yeast cell culture was placed on a slide and viewed under the microscope. The cells in 5 different fields of view on the slide were counted, and the average number of cells per field of view was recorded. Each lab group was assigned a temperature at which to maintain their yeast culture. Each lab group viewed cells from their culture for a total of 4 days, recording the average number of cells observed in a field of view each day. This average, it was decided, would be a good estimate of the density of the entire culture.

Average Number of Yeast Cells per Field of View 10˚C 20˚C 30˚C 40˚C

Day 1 6 14 27 8 Day 2 6 32 173 4 Day 3 6 73 17 0 Day 4 6 158 5 0

A. Write a hypothesis for this experiment.

B. Carefully examine the data above and explain the results of this experiment.

C. Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable in this experiment. Identify the constants that are necessary for this experiment.

D. Design an experiment that would test the effect of nutrient concentration on a yeast cell population.

Biology Multiple Choice 016011

BIOLOGY LTF® DIAGNOSTIC TEST

NATURE OF SCIENCE

1

TEST CODE: 016011

Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet.

1. Which of the following statements are correct?

I. The independent variable is generally graphed on the y-axis. II. The dependent variable is the variable that responds.III. The dependent variable is generally graphed on the y-axis.

A) I onlyB) II onlyC) III onlyD) I and II onlyE) II and III only

Question 3 refers to the following:

I. Hypothesis II. Theory III. Law

2. An explanation that has been well tested and unifies a broad range of observations.

A) I onlyB) II onlyC) III only D) I and II only E) I and III only


2

Question 3 refers to the following narrative:

A study was conducted to test which fertilizer (A,B, or C) is most effective for the growth of St. Augustine’s grass over a 6 week time period. The following data was collected from the study.

Numbered Plot of Grass

Treatment Applied Average of Initial Height of Grass

(cm)

Average of Final Height of Grass

(cm)1 Water 1.5 2.52 Fertilizer A 1.5 33 Fertilizer B 1.5 1.94 Fertilizer C 1.5 2

3. All of the following are examples of constant, or controlled, variables for this experiment EXCEPT

A) conducting this experiment in a greenhouseB) keeping the amount of water in each plot the sameC) limiting the amount of natural light to which the plants are exposedD) using disease-free grass plotsE) varying the amount of fertilizer given to each plot of grass

4. James was performing an experiment in which he heated a glass beaker containing 100 mL of dilute acetic acid. He noticed a slight crack in the beaker. Which of the following would be the safest procedure for James to follow?

A) Lower the flame on the Bunsen burner and continue heating the solution. B) Discontinue heating and report the defect to the teacher.C) Discontinue heating, cool the beaker, and apply sealant to the crack.D) Continue heating the solution as long as fluid does not seep from the crack.E) Increase the flame on the Bunsen burner to complete the heating quickly before the crack

enlarges.

5. Which of the following would be the best safety procedure to follow if your lab partner splashes a laboratory chemical into her eye? A) Assume the chemical is safe and help your partner wipe her eye with paper towels.B) Rinse the eyes with water, notify the teacher and ask for further advice. C) Rinse the eyes with water until your partner says the burning has stopped.D) Have your lab partner sit still with her eyes closed as you send for the school nurse. E) Put her goggles on her eyes and tell her to be more careful next time.

6. The purpose of a biology course is to

A) study plant and animal differencesB) observe, measure, and analyze microscopic organismsC) study living organisms and understand their relationships to one anotherD) study the structure and function of animalsE) recognize the meanings of interdependence and coexistence


3

7. All of the following would be appropriate safety rules EXCEPT

A) Report any personal injury to the teacher immediately.B) Tie back loose clothing and long hair.C) Do not taste or directly inhale any unknown chemicals.D) Use your extra lab time to discover how various chemicals react when combined.E) Read and follow all safety instructions.

8. Franklin noticed there were four patches of grass in his lawn that had turned brown and appeared dead. He had read that a fungus can cause these brown patches in the yard. He wondered if his brown patch was caused by a fungus. He would like to do an experiment in which he treats two of his spots with an antifungal chemical and leaves the other two untreated. He would then compare how quickly new grass grows in each spot. Which of the following would be the most appropriate hypothesis for Franklin’s experiment? A) The brown patches in the yard are most likely caused by a fungus. B) If the antifungal chemical is applied then it will kill the grass.C) If the brown spots are caused by a fungus then the grass patches treated with antifungal

chemical will grow back the fastest.D) If Bermuda grass seeds and St. Augustine seeds are sprinkled over the patches then the

Bermuda grass patches will grow new grass the fastest.E) If the brown patch is caused by worms then grass patches treated with antifungal

chemicals will grow back the fastest.


9. What is the piece of lab equipment labeled A?A) graduated cylinderB) 100 mL beakerC) Erlenmeyer flaskD) dropperE) test tube


4

10. Correctly written hypotheses should be written in such a way that

A) ensures that an experiment will be valid.B) enables them to be proven valid. C) enables them to be tested.D) does not contradict previous hypotheses. E) enables the experimenter to be correct.

Directions: The group of questions below consists of five lettered answers followed by a list of numbered phrases or sentences. For each numbered phrase or sentence select the one answer that is most closely related to it and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Each answer may be used once, more than once or not at all in each group.

Question 11 refers to the following diagrams.

11. Which set of equipment would be used to determine the gross muscle structure of a chicken leg?

Questions 11 and 12 refer to the following units of measurement:

A) Centimeters B) Ounce C) Grams D) ° C E) Milliliters

12. Which unit of measurement is used to record the temperature of a chemical reaction involving the sunflower seeds in a test tube?


5

13. Which unit of measurement is used to record the volume of 10 sunflower seeds?


E

14. Which piece lab equipment above can accurately measure 0.3 milliliters?

Question 13 refers to the following laboratory tools.

A) Graduated cylinder B) Forceps C) Beaker D) Pipette E) Petri dish

15. Which would be most accurate for measuring 137 mL of a salt solution?


- 1 -

BIOLOGY

LTF® DIAGNOSTIC TEST NATURE OF SCIENCE

Directions: The suggested time is about 15 minutes for answering a free response biology question, which is worth 10 points. The parts within a question may not have equal weight. Answers must be inessay form. Outline form is NOT acceptable. Labeled diagrams may be used to supplement discussion,but in no case will a diagram alone suffice. It is important that you read each question completely beforeyou begin to write. Question 1 (10 points) Justin conducted an experiment to measure the effect of acid rain on the germination of seeds. He placed 10 radish seeds in the bottom of 10 Petri dishes that had been lined with filter paper. He added equal amounts of solution to each of the dishes then placed the lids on top and stored the dishes in the dark. On days 2, 4 and 6 he measured and recorded the length of the radicle (root) on each seed and calculated an average radicle length. A summary of his results are shown in the data table below:

Average Radicle Length (mm) Solution in Dish Day 2 Day 4 Day 6

A. Distilled water 1.0 4.0 5.0 B. Solution pH 2.00 0.0 0.5 1.5 C. Solution pH 5.00 2.0 5.0 8.0 D. Solution pH 8.00 1.0 3.0 3.5

A. Prepare a graph of the data from Justin’s experiment.


- 2 -

B. Describe a control group and identify the control group used in Justin’s experiment

C. Explain which solution was most detrimental to the germination of the radish seeds. Use data to support your explanation.

D. Describe three safety procedures Justin should have followed during his experiment.


- 3 -

Question 2 (10 pts)

The following data was collected from an experiment that tested the best temperature for growing yeast cells. Each culture began on Day 0 with the same amount of a dilute molasses solution and 1 drop of a stock culture of yeast. On Day 1, a drop of yeast cell culture was placed on a slide and viewed under the microscope. The cells in 5 different fields of view on the slide were counted, and the average number of cells per field of view was recorded. Each lab group was assigned a temperature at which to maintain their yeast culture. Each lab group viewed cells from their culture for a total of 4 days, recording the average number of cells observed in a field of view each day. This average, it was decided, would be a good estimate of the density of the entire culture.

Average Number of Yeast Cells per Field of View 10˚C 20˚C 30˚C 40˚C

Day 1 6 14 27 8 Day 2 6 32 173 4 Day 3 6 73 17 0 Day 4 6 158 5 0

A. Write a hypothesis for this experiment.

B. Carefully examine the data above and explain the results of this experiment.

C. Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable in this experiment. Identify the constants that are necessary for this experiment.

D. Design an experiment that would test the effect of nutrient concentration on a yeast cell population.

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