Biochemistry 2-3CARBON COMPOUNDS

Chemistry of carbon

4 valence electrons(highly bondable!)Carbon can bond with carbon and form

long chainsMany variations of carbon bondingVersatile

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JgNg5IQnGhM

Macromolecules “giant molecules”

4 major macromolecules Lipids Proteins Carbohydrates Nucleic Acids

Monomer- smaller macromolecule units Polymer- joined monomer units

Nucleic Acids (DNA/RNA)

Contain H, O, N, C and P Polymers made up of nucleotides (monomers)

Carbon sugarPhosphate groupNitrogenous base

Heredity!

Carbohydrates

Energy! Monosaccharides- single sugar molecules (glucose,

fructose) Polysaccharides- complex sugar molecules Ose= sugar

Lipids (fats, oils, waxes)

Not water soluble Difficult to breakdown. Store energy for later use Carbon, Hydrogen atoms Saturated fats- C atoms are all joined with the

maximum H atoms. Unsaturated fats= contain double bond of C Polynunsaturated fats- more than one double bond of

C

Proteins

Amino acids make up proteins

Diverse macromolecules (many combinations)

Many specific functions

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H8WJ2KENlK0