BiNus International Referencing Workshop

English Language Services

20 April 2006

Aim of Workshop

To teach students referencing styles and bibliography construction while providing students with useful reference guides for

their future academic writing

English Language Services

John Honeyben – jhoneyben@binus.ac.id

Ext 137

Amanda Patrick – apatrick@binus.ac.id

Ext 138

http://binus.ac.id/bipd/ELS/ELS.html

English Clinic – 3.15pm – 4.15pm, Mon-Fri, by appointment

Scope of Workshop2 x 1 hour sessions What is Referencing?Why do we Reference?When do we Reference?Methods of Referencing

In Text CitationFull Reference List

E-SourcesBibliographyFootnotes / EndnotesCommon Abbreviations – Latin & EnglishParaphrasing

If time permits

What is Referencing?

Standardised method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas that are used in an assignment in a way that uniquely identifies its source

What is Referencing?

Standardised method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas that are used in an assignment in a way that uniquely identifies its source

Why do we Reference?

Acknowledge the source of others workAvoid plagiarism accusationsDisplay a knowledge of current literatureDemonstrate support for your ideas, opinions and point of viewProvide examples or evidence to support own researchAllow readers to follow-up and read cited author’s argument

When do we Reference?

Within & at the end of the assignment when using:Direct Quotations

Facts, Figures, Ideas & Theories – Not common knowledge

Information rewritten in your own words (paraphrase)

From books, journals, Internet, videos, radio, TV, lecture notes

Methods of Referencing

Harvard – aka Author-Date system

Oxford

APA

MLA

Chicago

Vancouver

Turabian

Differs between Universities/Faculties/Lecturer’s

APA / Harvard System

1. In Text Citation Short & Long Quotations

2. Reference ListComplete list of all references at the end of the document

In-Text Citation (Short < 3 lines)

Short QuotationsHarvard / APA Inverted commas around authors actual wordsAuthor’s words incorporated in text

Academic writers need to be cautious in their claims. In this respect, vague language is important as it ‘allows claims to be made with due caution, modesty and humility’ (Hyland, 1994 : 241).

Example – Short Quotation

Academic writers need to be cautious in their claims. In this respect, vague language is important as it ‘allows claims to be made with due caution, modesty and humility’ (Hyland, 1994 : 241).

Author’s

Surname

Brackets surrounding

reference

Year of Publication

Page No. Full stop after bracket

Inverted

commas

In-Text Citation (Long > 3 lines)Long QuotationsHarvard / APAIndented from the marginDifferent type size or styleQuotation marks omitted

Jordan (1977 : 240) also draws attention to the necessity for being careful:

A feature of academic writing is the need to be cautious in one’s claims and statements. In other words, you may indicated your certainty and commitment in varying degrees.

Example – Long Quotation

Jordan (1977:240) also draws attention to the necessity for being careful:

A feature of academic writing is the need to be cautious in one’s claims and statements. In

other words, you may indicated your certainty and commitment in varying degrees.

Intro

Sentence

Indented Font Size

SmallerNo inverted

commas

Handout Flag A

Writer’s Block and Getting Started

Read and Identify Short / Long Quotations

Handout Flag B

Pg 102 – Activity A (Good Example)

Pg 102 – Activity B (Read / Identify)

Bibliography / Reference List

List of sources at the end of the essayReference List – Only those resources referenced in your assignmentBibliography – All materials used to write the assignmentAlphabetical OrderSurnames, First Names or initialsMc = Mac I.e before Madison

Handout Flag C

MU – Sample Reference List

Reference List

1. Books

2. Journals

3. Electronic Sources

Referencing - BooksSecond line of reference indented to highlight alphabetical orderAuthor’s surnameAuthor’s initialsDate (in brackets)Title (underlined or in italics)Place of publicationPublisher

Wallace, M.J. (1980). Study Skills in English. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press

Referencing - Journals

Author’s surnameAuthor’s initialsDate (in brackets)Title of ArticleName of Journal (underlined or in italics)Volume Number / Issue NumberIf known: season, month or page number

West, R. (1994). Needs Analysis in Language Teaching. Language Teaching, 27(1) : 1-19

Handout Flag D

References and Bibliographies

Identify Referencing – Book / Journal

Practical Activity – p. 99

5 Min BreakIn the Classroom!!

RESTRICTED1st Joint Movements Group

"Ladies and gentlemen, thank you f or choosing to fly with Mandarin Airlines. As we taxi out to the runway please make yourself comf ortable..…and f or

those of you sitting on the right side of the plane..… please ignore our other….. um….. airliner."

A diffi cult cabin announcement......

Referencing – E- Sourceswww

Dawson, J.(2002), Referencing : Not Plagiarism. Retrieved October 31, 2002 fromhttp://studytrekk.is.curtin.edu.au/

www (no author)Referencing : Not Plagiarism, (2002).

Retrieved November 13, 2002 from http://www.seadragons.com

www (no author/date)Referencing : Not Plagiarism

Retrieved November 13, 2002 from http://www.seadragons.com

Handout Flag E

Curtin University Reference Guide – Pg 4

Footnotes

Oxford Referencing Style

At the foot of each page (Vs in-text citation)

Numbered sequentially

Explains a word or an item

Adds special information / reference

Small number above the word

Handout Flag F

Sample Footnotes

EndnotesAppear at the end of the essay / chapterContinuous numbering throughout the essay

1. Beard, R.M. and J, Hartley (1984 : 4th ed.). Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. London : Harper and Row.

2. Hartley, J. and C.K. Knapper (1984). Academics and their Writing. Studies in Higher Education, 9 (2).

3. Jordan, R.R. (1983). Study Skills : Experience and Expectations. In G.M. Blue (Ed.) Language, Learning and Success : Studying through English. Developments in ELT. London : McMillan, Modern English Teacher and the British Council.

4. Northedge, A. (1990). The God Study Guide. Milton Keynes : The Open University.

Common Abbreviations Latin

e.g. exempli gratia For example…

et al et alii And others…

etc. et cetera And so on…

i.e. id est Which is to say… or That is…

ibid ibidem Same as last entry, when two references in a row are from the same source.

Loc. Cit.

loco citato In the place already cited

op. cit. opere citato In the work already mentioned

N.B. note bene Note well…

q.v. Quod vide Refer to…

Common Abbreviations English

para. / paras. paragraph(s)

ref. / refs. reference(s)

vol. / vols. volume(s)

p. / pp. page(s)

no. / nos. number(s)

ms. / mss. manuscript(s)

l. / ll. line(s)

Ed. / Eds. Editor(s); edited by; edition

Is the same as =Causes, leads to

Is greater than >

Because

Is not the same as

Is caused by

In addition

Changes according to

Grows, increases

Is smaller than <

Decreases, falls

Doubtful point ?Therefore

ParaphrasingUsing your own words, to report someone else’s writing, while maintaining an academic styleReplication of topic sentences and keywords in the original textMust be referenced4 skills

Changing VocabularyChanging Verb FormChanging Word ClassSynthesis

Handout Flag G

Reading – Paraphrase p. 93

Activity 1,2 & 3

Suggested Solution

Acty 1 – Smith and Jones (1991) discovered that the situation had …

Suggested Solution

Acty 2 – The problems caused by seminars were observed by Brown and White (1994)

Suggested Solution

Acty 3 – The conclusion of James and Harris (1984), that there was a need for note-taking practice, led to the development of appropriate exercise

You Should Have Copies of These !

Synonym Book

Antonym Book

Thesaurus

Final Activity

In Text Citation

Paraphrasing

Reference List

ConclusionWhat is Referencing?Why do we Reference?When do we Reference?Methods of Referencing?

In Text CitationFull Reference List

E-SourcesBibliographyFootnotes / EndnotesCommon Abbreviation’s – Latin & EnglishParaphrasing