Before Class Task• 1. Form a group of 2-3 people. No more than 3

people.

• 2. Read page 111-114

• 3. Discuss with your group mate about the process of primary and secondary succession

Competition rule

• 1. You will need to raise your hand to answer

• 2. If you yell out the answer, you group will be disqualified

• 3. You will only have one chance to answer the correct answer as a group

• 4.You need to be respectful to others answer.

Competition- put the following pictures in order

• There is a fire occur in this forest. Put the picture a) to e) in order as secondary succession:

?

a b c d e

Chapter 3 Class Schedule• March 5th and March 6th Continue Chapter 3.1

(page 118)• March 7th and March 10th Chapter 3.2 How

human influence ecosystem• March 11th and March 12th Chapter 3.3 How

introduced species affect ecosystem- Video• March 13th and March 14th- video • April 1st and April 2nd Test Review• April 3rd and April 4th Chapter 3 test

Bare rock Bare rock breaks down and create soil

Thin Layer of soil. A Decomposing layer start forming

More decomposing layer and more mosit and fertile

A very thick nutritious and fertile decomposing layer

Lichen Mosses

Grasses and shrubs

Deciduous Trees

Very tall coniferous trees

2. Secondary Succession: When an area already has soil, but has had a

disturbance like a forest fire or clearcut. Happens more quickly than primary because there

are already seeds, insects, worms etc. in the soil.

Disturbances that Might Cause Secondary Succession

• Flooding– Leads to soil erosion, spread of pollutants and

harmful bacteria associated with sewage– Climate change and global warming may be

increasing incidents of flooding.

–A tsunami occurs when huge waves, from large earthquakes, flood coastal areas.

• Drought

• Insect infestation- Most insects are helpful, but when normal conditions change, infestations can occur.- Example: Mountain Pine Beetle:Usually it is not a problem…it helps remove old trees, but….

…in our forests there are a lot of old trees, the climate is warming, and the bugs are not dying in the winter.

Pine beetle has blue stain fungus in its mouthparts, which it transmits to the trees (symbiotic relationship).Fungus slows down resin production on trees so the beetle can eat the tree more easily.

Activity 3-1 B Part 1 • Format: Hand in individually, but you are welcome to work with a

partner• Instruction:

– Question (p118): recall the discussion on the similarity and difference between primary and secondary succession (1 point for similarity and 1 point for difference)

– Step 1: Put the stages in order. You need to check with me before you continue. (5 points)

– Step 2: Draw the illustration of the seven stages (1 point)– Step 3: Select one of the natural disturbance (page 119)– Step 4: Draw three sketches to illustrate the secondary

succession (1 point)

Activity 3-1 B Part 2 • Format: Hand in individually, but you are welcome to work with a

partner• Instruction:

– Analyze: you need to write a paragraph that include and underline the following terms: pioneer organisms (0.5 point), changes (0.5 point), replaces (0.5 point), community (0.5 point), least biodiversity (0.5 point), most biodiversity (0.5 point), and mature community (0.5 point) (3.5 point in total)

– Compare the biotic similarity (0.5 point), difference (0.5 point), abiotic similarity (0.5 point), and abiotic difference (0.5 point) (2 points in total)

– Bonus mark (1 extra point) Put the stages in Before Class Activity in order

Wrap up

• Hand in Check Your Understanding 8-14 on page 121

• Read page 122-127 and hand in Reading Check on page 122 Q1 and Q4, page 130 Q1-4

• Hand in Check Your Understanding Q8-12