basic safety officer's course
TRANSCRIPT
Course ObjectivesCourse Objectives
• To improve HSE Performance on SiteTo improve HSE Performance on Site
• To improve the level of knowledge of Safety To improve the level of knowledge of Safety OfficersOfficers
• To provide them with a qualification by To provide them with a qualification by examination – 1 week after courseexamination – 1 week after course
• Remove those that do not meet the standard Remove those that do not meet the standard requiredrequired
Course ContentCourse Content
Subject
Course IntroductionThe Role and Duties of a Safety OfficerUnsafe Acts & Unsafe ConditionsHazards & Risk AssessmentIncident InvestigationConstruction Safety RulesCourse close-out
Safety Policy – Your ResponsibilitySafety Policy – Your Responsibility• To coordinate, promote and monitor the implementation To coordinate, promote and monitor the implementation of the requirements of the Company’s Health, Safety and of the requirements of the Company’s Health, Safety and Environmental Management System (HSEMS),Environmental Management System (HSEMS),
•To liaise with and support Area Managers/Supervisors/ To liaise with and support Area Managers/Supervisors/ Superintendents in the identification of hazards and Superintendents in the identification of hazards and reducing the risk to as low as reasonably practical reducing the risk to as low as reasonably practical (ALARP),(ALARP),
•To strive to meet the Managements vision of:To strive to meet the Managements vision of:No harm to peopleNo harm to people
No Damage to equipmentNo Damage to equipmentNo spills to the environmentNo spills to the environment
No delays in progressNo delays in progress
Safety Policy – Your ResponsibilitySafety Policy – Your Responsibility•To identify Unsafe Acts and Unsafe conditions and implement To identify Unsafe Acts and Unsafe conditions and implement •corrective/ remedial actions to maintain a safe place of work,corrective/ remedial actions to maintain a safe place of work,
•To assist Management in the correct Incident Reporting To assist Management in the correct Incident Reporting procedures to ensure corrective actions are identified to procedures to ensure corrective actions are identified to prevent reoccurrence,prevent reoccurrence, •To monitor compliance to all site rules and regulationsTo monitor compliance to all site rules and regulations ..
• LeaderLeader
• KnowledgeableKnowledgeable
• RespectedRespected
• CheerfulCheerful
• BraveBrave
• HonestHonest
• CommunicatorCommunicator
• ConfidentConfident
• ConscientiousConscientious
• Hard WorkingHard Working
• HumbleHumble
• IntelligentIntelligent
• VisibleVisible
• ResourcefulResourceful
Attributes of a Good Safety OfficerAttributes of a Good Safety Officer
“COMMON SENSE APPROACH TO SAFETY”
RESPONSIBILITY FOR HSE
Managing Director
Site Managers
Supervisors/ Superintendents
Foremen
Workers
HSE Manager
HSE Team
HSE is the responsibility ofHSE is the responsibility ofLine ManagementLine Management
HSE Department advise ManagementHSE Department advise Managementand monitor & control compliance to SMS.and monitor & control compliance to SMS.
• Set a personal example,Set a personal example, • Check Area against Weekly Checklist – Check Area against Weekly Checklist –
provision of safe place of work!provision of safe place of work!• Discuss with Area Supervisor/ Superintendent Discuss with Area Supervisor/ Superintendent
the weekly/ daily work plan and all hazards the weekly/ daily work plan and all hazards identified with these tasks,identified with these tasks,
• Assist Supervisors/ carry out the Pre-job Tool Assist Supervisors/ carry out the Pre-job Tool Box talks on hazards identified, changes in Box talks on hazards identified, changes in Safety rules or Unsafe acts on site from previous Safety rules or Unsafe acts on site from previous days observations.days observations.
Duties of Safety Officers (1)Duties of Safety Officers (1)
» Continuously carry out site inspections to ensure Continuously carry out site inspections to ensure that only safe work practices are in operation, that only safe work practices are in operation, that health and safety requirements are being that health and safety requirements are being complied with, and welfare facilities are complied with, and welfare facilities are adequate/properly maintained.adequate/properly maintained.
» Stop the work of anyone that is not in Stop the work of anyone that is not in compliance to safe working practices and discuss compliance to safe working practices and discuss their failings – promote behavior safety.their failings – promote behavior safety.
» Identify unsafe conditions and insure that Identify unsafe conditions and insure that corrective actions are quickly put into place.corrective actions are quickly put into place.
» Ensure that Access/escape is maintained at all Ensure that Access/escape is maintained at all timestimes
Duties of Safety Officers (2)Duties of Safety Officers (2)
• Take the lead in dealing with any site emergency Take the lead in dealing with any site emergency until relieved by a more senior/ experienced until relieved by a more senior/ experienced person,person,
• Assist the Supervisor in the event of an incident Assist the Supervisor in the event of an incident occurring on site – Report – Informing – occurring on site – Report – Informing – Investigation – Taking photographs and gathering Investigation – Taking photographs and gathering evidence – making safe the incident scene.evidence – making safe the incident scene.
• Advising the Area Supervisor on safe work Advising the Area Supervisor on safe work practices and Company HSEMS requirementspractices and Company HSEMS requirements,,
• Liaising with Client’s HSE Management team & Liaising with Client’s HSE Management team & complying to their requirements – Meet and Greet!complying to their requirements – Meet and Greet!
Duties of Safety Officers (3)Duties of Safety Officers (3)
Duties of Safety Officers (4)Duties of Safety Officers (4)
MeetingsMeetings Gas TesterGas Tester Safety Safety ObservationsObservations
AuditsAudits PTW PTW CoordinatorCoordinator
ManpowerManpower
StatisticsStatistics
TrainingTraining HSE ReportsHSE Reports Accident Accident StatisticsStatistics
PPEPPE Incident Incident InvestigationInvestigation
DisciplinaryDisciplinary
ActionsActions
• Carry out any other duty required:Carry out any other duty required:
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & RISK ASSESSMENTHAZARD IDENTIFICATION & RISK ASSESSMENT
Why do we need Risk Assessment ?
STOP !
Why do we need Risk Assessment ?
STOP !
Anything that has the potential to cause harm, ill health and injury, damage to property, products or the environment, production losses or increase liabilities.
HAZARDHAZARD
HAZARDHAZARD
Crossing a busy roadCrossing a busy road
Crossing a Public RoadCrossing a Public Road
Value of Checklists for the Identification of HazardsValue of Checklists for the Identification of Hazards
ENERGY SOURCE
* Electrical* Gas* Radiation* Falling objects* Noise* Steam* Compressed air* Explosives
MECHANICAL
* Crushing* Shearing* Cutting* Caught in machinery* Impact* Stabbing* Friction* Vibration
THE WORKSITE
* Trip hazards* Fall from height* Confined space* Other people; above, below, adjacent, behind* Blind corners* Waste material generated* Escape routes blocked
PRODUCT ESCAPE
*Leak*Spill*Overflow*Wrong mix
MATERIAL/CHEMICALEXPOSURE
* Inhalation* Absorption* Swallow* Eye Contact
MANUAL HANDLING
* Pushing* Pulling* Lifting* Repetitive movement* Over exertion
HAZARD CHECKLISTHAZARD CHECKLIST
HazardHazard,Hazard,Hazard Effect & Probability Effect & Probability
Distinguishing between Distinguishing between Hazard ,Hazard ,Hazard Effect and Hazard Effect and
ProbabilityProbability
( use your hazard checklist)( use your hazard checklist)
Hazard / Hazard Effect / ProbabilityHazard / Hazard Effect / Probability
Task Hazards Hazards Effect Probability
Operating An old Bench Grinder approx 5 times per day for approx 5 mins each time of use
Electricity / No Earth
Poor Lighting
Heat from Chisel
Spark
Noise
Clothing Caught in Fumes
Drop tool
Electric Shock
Trip & lacerate hands/face on wheel
Burnt Finger
Eye Injury
Hearing Damage
Severe laceration of hand/arms
Lung Damage
Chisel hits wheel & stabs Operator
Medium
Low
Low
High
Medium – Low
Medium
Low
Low
Is a combination of the Hazard Is a combination of the Hazard
effect and the Probability that effect and the Probability that
will Harm People, damage will Harm People, damage
Property or adversely effect the Property or adversely effect the
Environment will actually occurEnvironment will actually occur
RISKRISK
RiskRisk
• Hazard effect• No. of persons and extent of loss
Combined with
• Probability• Chance that the hazard effect will occur
Evaluating ProbabilityEvaluating Probability• How often the Hazard Effect is likely to occur
taking into account the frequency with which the task is performed Consider:
Who?
What?
Where?
Why?
When?
How?
How Long?
How Often?
How Much?
“Decide upon a Realistic rating High, Medium, Low”
• Risk is a measure of both the consequence / hazard effect of an undesired event and the probability of that event
RiskRisk
Consequence
Probability
IncreasingRisk
Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment
Risk Assessment is a method for systematically examining a job
to identify hazards , evaluate the risks and specify appropriate
safeguards.
Hazard Effect
ProbabilityHIGH
>1 in 10 highly likely
MEDIUM1 in 10
- 1 in 1000 sometimes
LOW<1 in 1000
exteremely unlikely
VERY HIGH - Multiple Fatality(VH) - Major Facility Damage > $ 5,000,000 - Environment Major Spill 1,000 - 10,000 bbls
H 15 H 14H 11
HIGH(H) - Single Fatality - Significant Facility Damage $ 5,000,000 - $ 5,000,000 - Environment Significant Spill > 100 bbls
H 13 H 12H 10
MEDIUM (M) - Permanent Disability / DAWC - Moderate Damage $ 100,000 - $ 500,000 - Environment Reportable 15 - 100 bbls
H 9 M 8M 4
LOW (L) - Single or Multiple Minor Injuries - Minor Facility Damage $ 100,000 - Environment Minor Loss 1 - 15 bbls
M 7 M 6L 2
VERY LOW - Single First Aid (VL) - Minor Facility Damage < $ 10,000 - Environment Slight Loss 1 bbls
M 5L 3 L 1
RISK MATRIXRISK MATRIX
RiskFactor Control Action
151413
Immediate action, task must not proceed, serious loss potential. The task should be re-defined or, further control measures put in place to reduce risk, these controls again must be subject to a full
assessment and accepted before the taks may commence.
1211109
Task may only proceed folowing direct authorization from OIM/Site Manager following consultation with any specialist
personnel and full assessment steam. Wherever possible the task should be re-defined to take account of the hazards involved or the
risk should be reduced further prior to the task commencing
876
The task may proceed, however only under strict supervision and monitoring. The team must revisit all areas of the assessment to see if risks may be reduced further before the tasks is allowed to proceed.
54 Acceptable measures, howerver review to see if risk can be
reduced still further.32
1Acceptable levels of risk - no need to consider further measures.
““Golden Safety Golden Safety RulesRules””
Permit to Work
Working at Height
Delivery of Basic Work Site Safety RulesDelivery of Basic Work Site Safety Rules
Energy Isolation
Energy Isolation
Permit to Work
Permit to Work
ExcavationsExcavations
Managementof change
(MOC)
Managementof change
(MOC)
Confined Spaces
Confined Spaces
Lifting Operations
Lifting OperationsVehiclesVehicles
MINOR INCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURE MINOR INCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURE (Class C)(Class C)
INITIAL HAND-WRITTEN REPORT TO HSE
MANAGER (to EPC & PMT)
Max 24 hours)
FINAL /INTERIM WRITTEN INCIDENT
INVESTIGATION REPORT ( to EPC & PMT)
(Max 7 days)
VERBAL REPORT TO EPC HSE
SUPERVISOR/MANAGER
Investigation carried out by Site Safety Officer & Supervisor
INCIDENTINCIDENT
MAJOR INCIDENT REPORTING MAJOR INCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURE (Class A & B)PROCEDURE (Class A & B)
INCIDENT: Initial Report and initial actions in accordance with Initial Report and initial actions in accordance with
Emergency Response Procedure Emergency Response Procedure (SHARQ/PMT/EPC).(SHARQ/PMT/EPC).
Fire may be investigated By ISD Fire Department on Fire may be investigated By ISD Fire Department on completion of operations.completion of operations.
INITIAL VERBAL REPORT TO
SUPERVISORASAP
HSE PERSONNELON SITE—DECIDE POSSIBLE CLASS A or B.
(FATALITY OR LTI POTENTIAL)
INCIDENT
CALL EPC & PMT HSE MANAGER IMMEDIATELY TO COME TO SITE TO START PRELIMINARY
INCIDENT INVESTIGATION,.(Interview personnel, photograph site, barricade incident area,
etc. DECIDE ON INCIDENT A or B
NOYES
GO BACK TO MINOR REPORTING PROCEDURE
REPORT TO PMC HSE MANAGER IMMEDIATELY ON DECLARATION OF
CLASS A or B&
PROJECT MANAGEMENT (EPC &PMT) Hand over control to Project Incident Hand over control to Project Incident Investigation TeamInvestigation Team
CLASS ‘A’ CLASS ‘B’
FATALITY LOST TIME ACCIDENT (LTI)RESTRICTED WORK INJURY (LWI)
PROPERT DAMAGE EXCEEDING SR 10 MILLION
PROPERTY LOSSSR 0.1 - 10 MILLION
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS/SUBSTANCES & HAZARDOUS WASTE
Release/spillage exceeding 10 MT at a rate more than 1 MT/min.
Impact of release outside the Affiliates premises resulting in a fatality to personnel outside the
Affiliates premises.
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS/SUBSTANCES & HAZARDOUS WASTERelease/spillage of 2-10 MT and rate exceeding 1 MT/min or
Impact on outside resulting in MTI to Personnel.
Illegal dumping/disposal of hazardous waste outside.
NON-HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS SUBSTANCE (INCLUDING POLYMERS,FERTILISER ETC.) & WASTE
Impact of release within the Affiliates premises only and Release/spillage exceeding 10MT
Illegal dumping/disposal of waste outside.
GROUND WATER/SOIL CONTAMINATION
Contamination of deeper/potable water aquifer.
GROUND WATER/SOIL CONTAMINATION
Contamination of soil or above base line of ground water table.
LOSS OR THEFT OF REGULATED RADIOACTIVE SOURCE
Exposure of a single dose in excess of 7.5 µSv per hour to non-Radiation Classified Worker in un-controlled Radiation area or exposure exceeding 20 µSv per year to Radiation Classified Worker
Company RulesCompany Rules
Company RulesCompany Rules
EXCAVATIONSEXCAVATIONS
Excavation Hazards
– Water accumulation
– Adjacent structures
– Hazardous atmospheres
– Loose rock or soil
– Falls– Cave-in
– Surface encumbrances
– Utilities– Access/Egress– Vehicle traffic– Falling loads– Mobile equipment
UtilitiesUtilities
• Underground– Locate prior to digging– Certify deactivation– Protect, support, or remove
UtilitiesUtilities
• Aboveground– De-energize or– Isolation from
power lines
Access/EgressAccess/Egress
• Note: Poor housekeeping --- # 1 cause of slips, trips and falls on construction projects– Debris kept cleared from work areas– Mark hazards
– Barricade or cover holes
• Egress provided- – 25’ travel distance– ladders– ramps
– stairs
Vehicle TrafficVehicle Traffic
• Traffic Control• Traffic Safety Vests
Exposure to Falling LoadsExposure to Falling Loads
• No work under loads
• Operators remain in cab
Mobile EquipmentMobile Equipment
• Warning system– Barricades– Hand signals– Mechanical signals– Stop logs– Grade away from excavation
Hazardous AtmospheresHazardous Atmospheres
• Test 4 if suspected – Methane– Oxygen– CO
– H2S
VentilationVentilation
• Displace hazardous gases and vapors
• Considerations– Heavier than air or
lighter than air contaminant
– Exhausting or blowing in– Volume/time required to
lower concentrations to acceptable levels
Water AccumulationWater Accumulation
• Protection from hazards associated with water accumulation– Protection against cave-in
– Water removal (pumping)– Run-off protection– Consider temporary shut-off of
water lines
Adjacent StructuresAdjacent Structures
• Ensure structure stability– Shoring– Bracing– Underpinning– Or evaluation by P.E.
Loose Rock and SoilLoose Rock and Soil
• Protection of employees from loose rock or soil– Scaling – Protective barriers
– Placing material at least 2’ from edge
– No work on slopes above workers
Fall ProtectionFall Protection
• Any surface 6 feet or more above a lower level shall be protected by:– walkways with guardrail systems
– personal fall arrest systems
• Other options include:– warning lines systems
– safety monitoring systems
Cave-inCave-in
• Protection from cave-in requires a systematic approach including:– Soil classification– Protective systems– Inspection– Employee training
Soil ClassificationSoil Classification
• Soil Classification (Type A,B,or C) determines construction of protective system:– Sloping or benching– Shoring
• Timber shoring• Aluminum shoring
!
Protective SystemsProtective Systems
• Required unless: – Excavation in stable
rock– Excavation less than 5ft
and examination by Competent Person determines no potential for cave-in
Protective SystemsProtective Systems
• Options Include:– Sloping and benching– Shoring/sheet piling/
shielding (e.g.trench boxes)
– Designed by P.E. if deeper than 20’
Simple SlopingSimple Sloping
• Type A - 3/4:1
• Type B - 1:1
• Type C - 1½ :1
BenchingBenching• Type A
• Type B – (cohesive soil)
• Type C - NONE
NA
ShoringShoring
• Based on OSHA Appendices
• Based on Manufacturer data
• Designed by a P.E.
Timber Shoring InstallationsTimber Shoring Installations
• Appendix C of OSHA regulations
• Requires soil classification
• Based on depth and width of trench
• Consult tables for specs on– Cross braces– Wales– Uprights
Aluminum Shoring InstallationsAluminum Shoring Installations
• Appendix D of OSHA regulations
• Requires soil classification• Based on depth and width of
trench• Consult tables for specs on
– Hydraulic cylinders
– Wales– Uprights
Shields (i.e. Trench Boxes)Shields (i.e. Trench Boxes)
Protective SystemsProtective Systems
• Installation – Securely connected– Employees clear of area
under shields during installation
– Installed to prevent movement
– Must protect employees while entering excavation
Protective SystemsProtective Systems
• Removal– Employees clear of
area under shields during removal
– Shoring removed from the bottom up, SLOWLY!
– Backfill with removal
Excavation InspectionsExcavation Inspections
• Daily Inspections of ALL excavations by Competent Person – Start of shift, as needed, following
rainstorms or other hazard-increasing event• Possible cave-ins• Protective system failure• Water accumulation• Hazardous atmospheres
– Competent person has authority to remove workers from the excavation
Excavation RescueExcavation Rescue
Excavation RescueExcavation Rescue
WORKING AT HEIGHTSWORKING AT HEIGHTS
Working at HeightsWorking at HeightsWorking at heights of 2 meters (6 Feet) or higher above the ground cannot proceed unless:
A fixed platform issued with guard or handrails verified by a competent person(s) or
Fall arrest equipment is used that is capable of supporting at least a 2275Kg (5000 lbs) static load per person
Fall arrest equipment will limit free fall to 2 meters (6 feet) or less
Person(s) are competent to perform the work.
A visual inspection of the fall arrest equipment and system is complete and any equipment that is damaged or has been activated is taken out of service
Guardrails to prevent Guardrails to prevent
falls, including rails on falls, including rails on purlin trolley systemspurlin trolley systems
Fall arrest matsFall arrest mats
or or
Safety NetsSafety Nets
Cable or track-based Cable or track-based systems with attaching systems with attaching lanyards too short to lanyards too short to
reach fall danger area reach fall danger area (work positioning)(work positioning)
Cable or track-based Cable or track-based systems (harness and systems (harness and
lanyards)lanyards)
Prevention
Active
Passive
Arrest
Traffic Light Selection RankingTraffic Light Selection Ranking
REDRED
GREENGREEN
ORANGEORANGE
DARK ORANGEDARK ORANGE
Last resort look for alternative safe system of work
Attempt to find an alternative safe system of work and proceed with caution
Seek advice from risk assessment and proceed with due diligence.
Proceed with due care.
Traffic Light Selection RankingTraffic Light Selection Ranking
Personal Fall Arrest System
(PFAS) Guardrails Safety Net
Fall Protection OptionsFall Protection Options
Fall Arrest SystemFall Arrest System
If a person falls, the full body harness and lanyard is designed to bring a person to a sudden but controlled stop after a fall of 2m
It must be connected to the rear dorsal connection of the harness
This system is called “fall arrest” where a fall is stopped by the lanyard becoming taut and preventing further fall. A personal energy absorber will minimise the load on the body to prevent injury.
Single Lanyard with shock absorber
Shock AbsorberShock Absorber
Why have a Shock Absorber?A 100kg person who is jerked to a stop after falling 2 metres generates a force on a lanyard without a shock
absorber approximately equivalent to a 2000kg mass(20 x gravity). If there is no shock absorber this
will either cause severe injury or cause the lanyard or harness to fail resulting in severe injury.
A shock absorber is designed to unzip gradually at the end of the lanyard, so the force of coming to a stop
never exceeds 600N (equivalent to 600 kg or 6g), which is regarded as a safe limit
Shock AbsorberShock AbsorberA new shock absorberA new shock absorber.
It is made of a length of webbing, doubled back on itself and accurately stitched together.It is designed and tested to gradually unzip the stitching and bring a person who falls to a gentle stop.
This device reduces the shock to the body by absorbing some of the fall energy
Shock AbsorberShock Absorber
A force greater than 200kg is required to unzip the stitching.The load from a falling person is necessary to cause the shock absorber to deploy.When completely unzipped, the shock absorber is 1.75m long. The size of the person and distance of the fall determines how far the absorber deploys.
• A 2m lanyard and tear webbing energy absorber will extend to 3.75 meters at a full activation of the lanyard in the event of a fall.
Choosing the correct length lanyardChoosing the correct length lanyard
Twin Tail Lanyard
Made with a single shock absorber which attaches to the
dorsal D-Ring, with two lanyards connected at the other end. (ie:
twin tails)
Correct use of Twin Tail LanyardCorrect use of Twin Tail Lanyard
A Twin Tail Lanyard is used to move from one Anchorage to the next, with at least one hook always being connected.
This means protection against falls is always in place. This is not possible if only a single lanyard is worn
Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
Never back hook the spare lanyard onto yourself
IT CAN BE FATAL
Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
The photo shows….One hook is attached to an anchor the other is wrapped around the leg
The shock absorber is correctly attached to the dorsal D ring.
If this person falls, the force can be transferred to the spare lanyard wrapped around the leg, NOT THE SHOCK ABSORBER
WRONG CAN BE FATAL
Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
WRONG
CAN BE FATAL
After a fall of 2 m….The connection between the two
lanyards will probably break because the shock absorber does not absorb any of the shock load.
Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
WRONG
CAN BE FATAL
If the lanyard or harness does not fail, then the full force of the sudden stop when the lanyard pulls tight will cause massive injuries.
DO NOT BACK HOOK THE SPARE LANYARD ONTO ANY PART OF YOUR BODY
Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
Instead of Back hooking the spare lanyard to yourself….
•Connect the spare lanyard DIRECTLY to another anchor point, or• Connect both hooks to the same Anchor but guard against roll out (explained later), or
Never hook the spare lanyard onto the other hook. It may damage the latch
mechanism or chafe the lanyard webbing.
Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
SUMMARY•A twin tail lanyard is used to move from one anchorage to another anchorage
•When the spare tail is not being used, DO NOT back hook onto your body, instead attach it to an anchorage point. Take extra care against roll out.
•Ensure the shock absorber always cushions the fall through the dorsal D-Ring.
A Twin Tail lanyard is a single shock absorber with two
lanyards attached
•A Dual lanyard is two single lanyards , each with its own
shock absorber
Correct use of a Dual LanyardDual Lanyard SafetyDual Lanyard Safety
Correct use of a Dual LanyardCorrect use of a Dual Lanyard
Normal single lanyard with single shock
absorber
Dual lanyard, two single lanyards each with its own shock absorber
Correct use of a Dual LanyardCorrect use of a Dual Lanyard
Why Use a DUAL LANYARD??Why Use a DUAL LANYARD??•To remain attached at all times when moving from one anchorage to another requires two hooks.•Some times the preferred twin tail is not available, and instead 2 single lanyards are used as a substitute.
Problems with DUAL Lanyards•If both lanyards are connected the two shock absorbers will not unzip correctly, and the sudden stop will probably cause internal
injuries or the lanyard or harness will fail•It is possible for the attached lanyard to become disconnected
from the harness D Ring due to “ROLL OUT”
Correct use of a Dual LanyardCorrect use of a Dual Lanyard
Problem with two shock Absorbers
If you take a fall with both lanyards connected, the two
shock absorbers will break the fall but it will be a very
sudden arrest and the load will exceed 600kg (6g) -
internal injuries will probably be a result.
Above shows two lanyards each with its own shock absorber attached to the dorsal d ring
ENERGY ISOLATIONENERGY ISOLATION
Energy IsolationAny isolation of energy systems; mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and others, cannot proceed unless
The method of isolation and discharge of stored energy are agreed and executed by a competent person(s)
Any stored energy is discharged
A system of locks and tags is utilised at isolation points
A test is contacted to ensure that isolation is effective
Isolation effectiveness is periodically monitored
Energy IsolationWhat A Typical Lockout/Tagout Looks Like With a
Contractor & Personal Protection Lock.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTSGENERAL REQUIREMENTS
• Any equipment able to store hazardous energy must have lockout and tagout capability.
• Only trained and authorised persons can perform lockout - tagout.
• A lockout - tagout device cannot be removed on behalf of another person, unless an approved transfer procedure has taken place.
Energy IsolationsEnergy Isolations
LIFTING OPERATIONSLIFTING OPERATIONS
Lifting OperationsLifting OperationsLifts utilising cranes, hoists, or other mechanical lifting devices will not commence unless:
An assessment of the lift has been completed and the lift method and equipment has been determined by a competent person(s)
Operators of powered lifting devices are trained and certified for the equipment
Rigging of the load is carried out by a competent person
Lifting devices and equipment has been certified for use within the last 12 months (as a minimum)
Load does not exceed dynamic and/or static capacities of the lifting equipment
Any safety devices installed on lifting equipment are operational
All lifting devices and equipment have been visually examined before each lift by a competent person(s)
All critical lifts (Tandom lifts) to be signed off my Responsible person(s)
Heavy lifts that exceed 50 tons, tandem lifts (which includes) tailing operations, those which exceed 80% of the maximum rated safe working load (SWL) for the specific lifting equipment. Close proximity to high voltage or process lines.
Abnormal lifts due to configuration could be considered as critical lifts also and should be determined by the Crane Coordinator.
Lifting Operations – Critical LiftsLifting Operations – Critical Lifts
CONFINED SPACE ENTRYCONFINED SPACE ENTRY
Confined Space EntryConfined Space EntryEntry into any confined space cannot proceed unless:
All other options have been ruled out
Permit is issued with authorisation by a responsible person
Permit is communicated to all affected personnel and posted, as required
All person(s) involved are competent to do the work & wear a full body harness
All sources of energy affecting the space have been isolated
Testing of atmosphers is conducted, verified and repeated as defined by the risk assessment
Stand-by person is stationed
Unauthorised entry is prevented
Rescue plan is conveyed to Emergency Team
Management of Change (MOC)Management of Change (MOC)Work arising from temporary and permanent changes to organisation, personnel, systems, process, procedures, equipment, products, materials or substances, laws and regulations cannot proceed unless a Management of Change process is completed, where applicable, to include:
A risk assessment conducted by all impacted by the change
Development of a work plan that clearly specifies the time scale for the
• Equipment, facilities and process•Operations, maintenance, inspection procedures•Training, personnel and communication•Documentation
Authorisation of the work plan by the responsible person(s) through to completion.
Permit to WorkPermit to WorkBefore conducting work that involves confined space entry, work on energy systems, ground disturbance in locations where buried hazards may exist or hot work in potentially explosive environments, a permit must obtained that:
Defines scope of work
Establishes control measures to eliminate or mitigate hazards
Identifies hazards and assesses risk
Links the work to other associated work permits or simultaneous operations
Is authorised by the responsible person(s)
Communicates above information to all involved in the work
Ensures adequate control over the return normal operations
SITE VEHICLESSITE VEHICLES
Site VehiclesSite VehiclesBefore bringing a vehicle on site the Site Manager should ensure that:
The site safety rules & Site Speed Limit (10 kph /20kpm is defined
The vehicle must be tested as serviceable and fit for purpose
Ensures that the driver is certified to drive the vehicle
The vehicle must have an up-to-date daily check list
Seat belts are worn when working on site (were fitted).
Vehicles are not left attended and locked – keys should be left in cab
PPE rules for each type of vehicle are well understood
No unauthorised drivers or use of vehicle