automation testing qtp

8/8/2019 Automation Testing QTP

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Automation TestingTraining(QTP)

Rajesh Valluru


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Session Objectives

Introduction to Automation

Benefits of Automated Testing

Automated Testing Process

Introduction to QTP and its Salient Features

Environment Supported


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Introduction to Automation

Manual TestingDrawbacks of Manual testing

Manual testing is time-consuming and tedious.

Requiring a heavy investment in human resources.

Time constraints often make it impossible to manually testevery feature thoroughly before the application is released.

Low reliability


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Why Automation ?

Fast

ReliableRepeatable

Programmable

Comprehensive

Reusable

Benefits of Automated Testing

Automated Testing


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Tests that need to be run for every build of theapplication (sanity check, regression test).

Tests that use multiple data values for the sameactions (data driven tests)

Stress/load testing

Tests requiring a great deal of precision

Which Test Cases toAutomate?


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Which Test Cases Not toAutomate?

Usability testing

"How easy is the application to use?

One-time testing

"ASAP" testing

"We need to test NOW!

Ad hoc/random testing

based on intuition and knowledge of application


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Leading Automation Toolsavailable in the Market For

Functional testing

WinRunner

QTP

Rational Robot

Silk Test

QA Run


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Automated Testing Process

Automated testing involves three main steps

Creating Script(s)

Executing Script(s)

Analyzing Result(s)


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QTP has user-friendly Browser, At a Glance we can have a lookof Scripts, Active Screen and the Data XL Sheet.

QTP uses VB Script while win runner uses TSL which is C

language based

QTP has Recovery Manager

QTP generates output values and these can be used as inputvalues to other Objects

Advantages of QTP over Winrunner


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Click to edit Master text stylesSecond level Third level

Fourth level Fifth level


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Introduction to QTP

Quick Test Professional is the flagship functional testing toolfrom Mercury Interactive. Now HP undertaken it.

It is an icon based tool, which automates the functional &

regression testing of an application.

QTP is easier to use and implement for both technical & nontechnical testers in comparison to other functional testingtools available.

Available versions are QTP 8.2,9.2 and 9.5


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Its Active Screen technology offers a Point-and-check interfacefor accessing & interacting with the components of theapplication under test.

QTP produces an Icon-Based test tree in which each branchrepresents a step in the business process

Testers can view and edit their test using either the tree view,an Icon-Based representation, or the expert View, whichreveals the VBScript test that QTP automatically generates.

QTP can automatically introduce Checkpoints

Salient Features


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During execution testers can manually insert several types of checkpoints to verify that the objects continue to behave as expected.

These check points are shown in the presentation in the later stage

Testers are able to record their tests so that each action, or step inthe business process are modular & reusable.

When application under test changes, testers can update ObjectRepository, thus the change made is then propagated across all thescripts that reference to this object

EX: In the Authentication screen when the name of the buttonis changed to Sign In form Login, Just make an update in theObject Repository.

Salient Features


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After running a test QTP displays the results in a tress structure and in clearvisual reports

Scripting Language is VBScript which is easy to use , understand andprogram even complex functionalities with ease..

Library files contains VBScript functions and subroutines that can beadded to the test.

Support Modern Development Environment.

Salient Features


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Quick Test testing process

The Quick Test testing process consists of 7 main phases:

Preparing to record

Recording a session on your application

Enhancing your test

Debugging your test

Running your testAnalyzing the test results

Reporting defects


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AddIn Manager

Default

ActiveX

Visual Basic

Web

Additional

Java

Oracle

PeopleSoft


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Environments Supported

Basic Web Technologies

HTML

DHTML

XMLBrowsers

Netscape

Internet Explorer

AOL

Advanced Web Technologies

JavaScript

Java

ActiveX


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Multimedia Technologies

Flash

RealAudio/Real Video

MS Media Player

ERP Solutions

mySAP.com

Siebel 2001

Oracle

PeopleSoft

.NET



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Web ServicesXML

WSDL

Operating Systems

Windows XP/2003

Windows 2000

Windows 98

Windows NT

Windows ME



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Terminal Emulators

3270

5250

VT100

Languages

European

JapaneseChinese (traditional and simplified)

Korean


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Custom C/S PowerBuilder Forte Delphi

Centura Stingray Smalltalk

ERP/CRM Baan PeopleSoft Windows Siebel 5, 6 GUI Clients Oracle GUI Forms

Environments not Supported


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QTP Screen

Click to edit Master text stylesSecond level

Third level Fourth level

Fifth level


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Important Toolbars

Test toolbar : containing buttons to assist you in the testingprocess(ex: record, Run..)

Debug toolbar: containing buttons to assist you indebugging your test

Action toolbar: containing buttons and a list of actions,enabling you to view the details of an individual action or theentire test flow

Test pane : containing two tabs to view your testtheKeyword View and the Expert View

Test Details pane : containing the Active Screen


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What you need to Know inQTP?How are the objects recognized?What is Object Repository?

What is Object Recognition configuration?

What is Active Screen?

What is Keyword View and Expert View?What are Actions?

What are the checkpoints available?

Output Values

Synchronization Point

Data Driven Tests

Transaction Response Time

Exception Handling

Reporting


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Normal:

This mode is the default and takes full advantage of Quick Test's test object model,recognizing the objects in your application regardless of their location on the screen

Analog Recording:Enables you to records the exact mouse and keyboard operations you perform in relation

to either the screen or the application window. In this recording mode, Quick Test record andtracks every movement of the mouse as you drag the mouse around a screen or window.User cannot edit analog recording steps from within Quick Test

Recording Modes in QTP


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Low Level Recording:Enables you to record on any object in your application,

whether or not Quick Test recognizes the specific object or thespecific operation. This mode records at the object level andrecords all run-time objects as Window or Win Object test objects.

Use low-level Recording for Recording tests in an environment oron an object not recognized by Quick Test. You can also use low-level Recording if the exact coordinates of the object are importantfor your test.

Recording Modes in QTP


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What you need to Know inQTP?How are the objects recognized?What is Object Repository?


What is Active Screen?What is Keyword View and Expert View?

What are Actions?

What are the checkpoints available?Output Values


Data Driven Test?

Transaction Res onse Time


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Object Repository

Object Repository acts as a translator between QTP scriptand the Operating System ( similar to GUI map concept in winrunner).

QTP stores information it learns about a window or an object inobject repository

When QTP runs a test, it uses the object repository to locateobjects. QTP reads an objects description in the repository andthen looks for an object with the same properties in theapplication under test.


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How QTP Stores Objects

ObjectRepository

QTPTEST SCRIPT

Generates Script Add objectsusing objectidentification

settings


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Types of Object Repositories

Per Action Object Repository

Shared Object Repository

Object Repository


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Object Repository Per Action

ObjectRepository

TEST 1

ACTION 1

ACTION 2

TEST 2

ACTION 1ACTION 2

ObjectRepository

ObjectRepository

ObjectRepository


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Shared Object Repository

TEST 1

ACTION 1

ACTION 2

TEST 2

ACTION 1ACTION 2

ObjectRepository


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Per Action vs. Shared

Object RepositoryPer Action ObjectRepository

q Separate action repositoryfor each action.

q If an object descriptionchanges, you need tomodify the object inevery action repositoryusing that object.

q No need for any ObjectRepository administrator.

q Preferred method if application wont changeduring renovation

q Default Object Repository.

Shared ObjectRepository

q

can use the sameshared object repositoryfile for multiple tests.

q If an object descriptionchanges, you only haveto modify in the sharedObject Repository alltests will playbackproperly.

q Requires Shared objectrepository creation and

maintenance.


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What you need to Know inQTP?

How are the objects recognized?

What is Object Repository?



What is Keyword View and Expert View?What are Actions?


Output Values


Data Driven Test?


Exception Handling

Reporting


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To identify objects uniquely, object identification configurationcan be done. User can configure Mandatory, Assistiveproperties and ordinal identifier

Examples: List Box Combo Box Text Box Text Area

Object Recognitionconfiguration


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Smart Object Identification

Smart Object Identification to Ensure Successful TestExecution

A sophisticated object recognition mechanism allows tests toautomatically recover when object properties are not foundduring execution. Quick Test now evaluates application objectproperties upon test playback, and can make decisions basedon logical property matches, even if the recorded objectproperties are not present.


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Smart Object Identification

Base filter properties

The most fundamental properties of a particular test objectclass; those whose values cannot be changed without

changing the essence of the original object. For example, if aWeb link's tag was changed from to any other value, youcould no longer call it the same object.

Optional filter properties

Other properties that can help identify objects of aparticular class as they are unlikely to change on a regularbasis, but which can be ignored if they are no longerapplicable

How does Smart Identification rocess work?


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What is Keyword View and Expert View?

What are Actions?


Output Values


Data Driven Test?

Transaction Response TimeExce tion Handlin


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While recording the screen is captured and stored. In the toolthe same can be seen as Active Screen

The same can be updated by using Change Active ScreenOption



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What are Actions?


Output Values


Data Driven Test?

Transaction Response TimeExce tion Handlin



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Keyword View

Expert View

Script View


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Keyword View



Fifth level


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Expert View



Fifth level


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What are Actions?


Output Values


Data Driven Test?


Exce tion Handlin


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Actions help divide your test into logical units

Group of Statements to perform certain action

Actions can be nested

Multiple actions can be called in a single test Splitting Actions Calling Actions Using Action Parameters Impact on Object Repository

What are Actions?


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Three TypesNonreusable

Re-usable

External

Actions can divide a test into several distinct business Processes.

Each actions signifies a logical independent test. To divide a test into actions you can

Insert a New Action

Split an existing action into two Actions

Insert a copy of an existing Action

Insert a call to an existing Action

In this way several actions can be integrated to each other within the test or acrossdifferent tests logically.

Actions


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What are Actions?


Output Values


Data Driven Test?


Exce tion Handlin


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Various Checkpoints are available

Standard Checkpoint(Page/Table/Image/object)

Text / Text Area Checkpoint

Bitmap Checkpoint

Database Checkpoint

XML Checkpoint(File/Webpage)

Accessibility Checkpoint

Checkpoints


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What are Actions?


Output Values


Data Driven Test?


Exce tion Handlin


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Output Values

An Output value is a step in which one or more values arecaptured at a specific point in the test

Can capture status bar messages

Can capture object properties and text

Can store the values in a variable or table

Text / Text Area Output Value Bitmap Output Value Database Output Value XML Output Value(File/Webpage)


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How are the objects recognized?What is Object Repository?What is Object Recognition configuration?What is Active Screen?What is Keyword View and Expert View?What are Actions?

What are the checkpoints available?Output ValuesSynchronization PointData Driven Test?




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A synchronization point is a line in the test script

that instructs QTP to wait for a certain response fromthe application during playback.

What is a SynchronizationPoint?

Definition:


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Without synchronizationpoint With synchronization point

Why Synchronize?

Inputs data

to AUT

Accepts

input

Run script S c r i p

t A U

T

Sends data todatabase server

Attemptsnext step

Waits for

server;cannotcontinue

Scriptfails

Sends data todatabase server Waits

ContinuesClient affirmstransaction iscomplete

Inputs datato AUT

Acceptsinput

S c r i p

t A U

T

Run script

dd h


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Locate the lines in the script to insert the synchronization point

In Quick Test choose Insert > Step > Synchronization Point . Themouse pointer turns into a pointing hand. This should be done whilerecording.

Using the Hand Pointer click on the object to Synchronize.

Add Synchronization Point dialog box opens.

Process To Add SynchronizationPoints

h


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Select the Property name and its corresponding value which youwant to use for the synchronization point.

Enter the synchronization point timeout (in milliseconds) and ClickOK. A Wait Property step is added to your test.

For e.g. for this case the step inserted in the script will be

Dialog (Login) . WaitProperty "enabled", 1, 10000

Synchronization

h d


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What are Actions?What are the checkpoints available?

Output Values


Data Driven Test?


Exception Handling

Reporting


D D i T i


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QTP supports Data Driven Testing

Can use the Data Driver Wizard to parameterize the tests

Stores data file with extension .XLS

Two types of sheets within the data table Global and Action

Data in Global is available across all actions in the test

Data in Action is available only to that action

Data Driven Testing

P i i


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Parameterization allows us to pick different values at run time.

Reduces Time and Effort.

Usage of data drivers allow us to use the same data forvarious input boxes.

Parameterization can also be done for checkpoints.

Parameterization

Wh d K i


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What are Actions?


Output Values


Data Driven Test?


Exce tion Handlin


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Transaction Response Time is used to measure the response time of any transaction

Can be done for a single transactionCan be done for multiple transactions

Results are logged in Test results log for every iteration

Response time measured from start to end of one iteration (withinlogin and logoff)



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R i


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QTP can recover from unexpected events and/ or errors

Control can be transferred to a function

Useful, when running unattended

Every Script has at least one recovery scenario

Generic recovery scenario naming convention is g

Script specific recovery scenarios naming convention is _

Recovery scenarios

R i I QTP


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Recovery scenarios In QTP

What is Recovery Scenario ?

How to Implement Recovery Scenario ?

Types of Recovery Scenario

Advantage of Recovery Scenario

Disadvantage of Recovery Scenario


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R S i


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Recovery Scenario

Unexpected events, errors, popup window,message, link and application crashes during a testrun can disrupt your test and distort test results.

This is a problem particularly when running testsunattendedthe test is suspended until youperform the action needed to recover.

How to Implement Recovery


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How to Implement RecoveryScenario.

In QTP the Recovery Scenario Manager provides awizard that guides you through the process of defining a recovery scenarioa definition of anunexpected event and the operation's necessary torecover the test run.

How to Implement Recovery


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Record the Error on which you want to create

recovery.In QTP go to Tools Menu Option -> select theRecovery Scenario Manager.

How to Implement RecoveryScenario.

Recovery Scenario Manager


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Recovery Scenario Manager

Recovery Event


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Recovery Event

Recovery Condition


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Recovery Condition

Recovery Operation


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Recovery Operation

Run Option


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Run Option

Save The Recovery Scenario


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Save The Recovery Scenario

Tip


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After you have created recovery scenarios, you canassociate one or more scenarios with a test in orderto instruct Quick Test to perform the recoveryscenario's during the test run if a trigger eventoccurs. The Recovery tab of the Test Settings dialogbox lists all the recovery scenarios associated withthe current test.

Tip

To add a recovery scenario to


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To add a recovery scenario toa test

Advantage of Recovery


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Control the Execution flow of script.

Handle unexpected behavior of application.

User define Error Message.

Advantage of RecoveryScenario


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What you need to Know in


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What is Active Screen?What is Keyword View and Expert View?

What are Actions?


Output Values


Data Driven Test?


Exce tion Handlin

Execute Script


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Script can be executed in two ways

Run

Select Automation->Run

Run from Step

Select Automation->Run from Step

Execute Script

Test Run


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Where the Test Results are stored

Two ways

New folder is created for each run

Temp folder overwrites last run results

E.g..

T:\QTP_SCRIPTS_FINAL\S007_015\Res1

C:\DOCUME~1\SU2693\LOCALS~1\Temp\TempResults

Test Run

Test Run


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Test Run


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Test Results


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QTP Test/Step Outcome

Passed

Expected Vs actual is same

Failed

Expected Vs actual is different

Done

Step has been executed

when unable to execute, marks the step as failed

Warning

Step has been executed but QTP logs a message

Test Results

Test Results


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How to view the Test Results

Select Test->Results

How to check the results of the past runs

Select Start->QTP->Test Results Viewer

How to delete the past test resultsSelect Start->QTP->Tools-> Test Results Deletion Tool

Test Results


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Any Questions?


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? Thanks

Any Questions?

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