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GENERAL INFORMATION

NAME: ……………… M.V AQUA STAROFFICIAL NO.:……… 0000668Description of vessel:…. ALL STEEL BUILT SMALL CARGO VESSEL

Builder:- ……………… Rockport Shipyard, Texas , U.S.A

Date Built:-…………… 1968

Hull:-…………………. STEEL

Machinery:-…………… 1 X D343 CATERPILLAR DIESEL

Owner:-…….................. CEDRIC WILLIAMS

Owner’s Address:-……. Georgetown

Test Done by:-………… JOSEPH F. LEWIS

Date :-…………………. July 04,2015Test Requested by :-…... OWNER

Plans Furnished by-……: NONE SEEN

Curves of form compiled by:- JOSEPH F. LEWIS

Class by :-………………. NOT CLASSED

Route:-………………….. NEAR COASTAL VOYAGES ONLY

Specify route if limited :-.. LIMITED AS ABOVE

Stability calculations made by:- JOSEPH F. LEWIS

GENERAL PARTICULARS

PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS2

Length : ……………………………………………………….. 20.0 metre

Breadth extreme:…………………………………………… … 6.12 metre

Depth at midship from main deck:…………………………..… 3.11 metre

Full load mean draft for stability:……………………………… 2.65 metre

Summer Displacement @ salt water density(1.025)…………… 199.36 mt

Light ship displacement……………………………………….... 50.5 mt

Gross tonnage:……………………………………………...….. 94.0 mt

Net tonnage:………………………………………..……..…. 64.0 mt

Deadweight…………………………………………………….. 148.86 mt

Block coefficient:………………………………….……..…… 0.67

Solid GM ………………………………..….………………. 0.90 m

Fresh water allowance:……………………………………… 70 mm

Roll period…………………………………………………… 4.5 seconds

Freeboard amidship at above full load draft:........460...... mm from decklineLocation of ports in hull which may affect stability: all hatch covers, doors to accommodation and vents to cargo holds and bunker tanks must be fitted with watertight covers

INTACT STABILITY GUIDELINES

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When a ship is required to comply with IMO RESOLUTION A 749.18, in principle the stability should comply with the following recommended criteria for every sailing condition.

1) The area under the righting lever curve( GZ curve) should not be less than 0.055 metre-radians up to Ө = 30˚ angle of heel and not less than 0.09 metre – radians up to Ө = 40˚ or the angle of flooding Өı ( see footnote 1) if this angle is less than 40˚Additionally, the area under the righting lever curve (GZ curve) between the angles of heel of 30˚ and 40˚ or between 30˚ and Өı , if this angle is less than 40 ˚ , should not be less than 0.030 metre – radians.

2) The right lever GZ should be at least 0.20m at an angle of heel equal to or greater than 30˚.3) The maximum righting arm should occur at an angle heel preferably exceeding 30˚ but not less

than 25˚.4) The initial metacentric height GMo should not be less than 0.15m.

A – The area under curve up to θ =30˚ should not be less than 0.055 metre-radiansB – The area under curve up to θ = X˚ should not be less than 0.090 metre-radiansC – The area between 30˚ and θ = X˚ should not be less than 0.030 metre-radiansX - 40˚ or θ1 if this angle is less than 40˚

E – Max. righting arm preferably exceeding 30˚ but not less than 25˚ and should be at leat 0.20m at an angle of heel equal to or greater than 30˚F – The initial metacentric height GM◦ should not be less than 0.15m

Followings are recommended criteria for Operation

1 Θ is an angle of heel at which openings in the hull, superstructures or deckhouses which cannot be closed weathertight immerse. In applying this criterion, small openings through which progressive flooding cannot take place need not be considered as open.

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1. For every loading condition the righting arm curve (GZ curve) should be plotted using the KG corrected for the free surface effects of liquid in tanks.

Righting Lever

Heeling Arm

θ θ or θfAngle of heel

NOTES ON USE OF FREE SURFACE MOMENTS

Provided a tank is completly filled with liquid and no movement of the liquid is possible, the effect on the stability is precisely the same as if the tank contained solid material.

Immediately a quantity of the liquid is withdrawn from the tank, the situation changes completely and the stability of the ship is adversely affected by what is known as the “Free Surface Effects”.

This adverse effect on the stability is referred to as a “loss in G.M” or as a “Virtual Rise in V.C.G” and is calculated as follows:-

Free Space Moment

(tonnes metres)Loss in G.M due to Free Surface effects = ……………………………………(m) Displacement of Vessel in Tonnes

In case the tank is filled with a new liquid other than that was originally meant for, the loss in GM to Free Space Effects:

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= Free Space Moment (tones metre) x Specific Gravity of New Liquid……………………………………… …………………………………….Displacement of Vessel in tones Specific Gravity of original liquid

N.BThe “free space effects” of all D.O, F.W, L.O, W.B and service tanks with the possibility being slack should be taken into account in both the arrival and Departure Co

CURVE OF DOWNFLOODING ANGLE(AT EVEN KEEL)

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3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0

47 52 57 62 67DOWNFLOODING ANGLE θf (Deg)

NOTES TO MASTER

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NOTES:The Source of Downflooding Points are:

Critical Point Height from freeboard Wheelhouse storm door 0.96 m

1. The contents in this booklet are compiled to provide sufficient data and information for the Master at his convenience to determine the desired scheme of loading.

It is therefore important that all cargoes (if any), diesel oil, fresh water, ballast water, etc. are to be loaded with consideration to the proper trim and stability, and the distribution of the load in a well controlled manner so as to enable the vessel to navigate under favourable stress conditions.

In this booklet the standard loading condition is provided, but for any other loading condition, the Master is expected to carry out his own calculations in regard to the trim and stability of the vessel for compliance with the Stability Criteria stated elsewhere in this booklet.

2. When loading cargo, attention should be paid to the need for maintaining the freeboard at the stern of having regard to the safety of the crew working on deck and also to the adverse effect of trim by the stern on the stability of the vessel.

3. All doors and hatches etc., opening on to the exposed cargo deck should be kept closed and secured when underway (except for access) and it should be ensured that the disposition of the deck cargo does not impede the operation of these fittings.

4. When loading deck cargoes, care should be taken to avoid any obstruction of the freeing ports or areas necessary for the drainage to the freeing ports.

5. When cargo is discharged at sea, great care must be taken to maintain the vessel in a stable condition during the discharging operation. Attentions should also be paid to the trimming of the vessel during unloading:-

a) It should be noted that when liquid cargo is to be discharged, as soon as pumping commences, a full free surface will exist in those tanks being pumped and the effect of this on the stability of the vessel should be taken into account.

b) When a tank is to be ballasted at sea to counteract the removal of cargo from the vessel, it should be noted that:-

(i) The tanks will have a complete free surface as soon as filling commences and ,(ii) That this free surface will adversely affect the stability of the vessel.

6. It is therefore most important that before any filling commences, a quantity of the highest deck cargo should be unloaded to lower the vertical centre of gravity of the vessel.

Similar precautions should be adopted when loading cargo at sea.

7. Where port and starboard tanks are cross connected, such connections should be closed when the vessel proceeds to sea avoid significant reduction in stability.

8. Tanks containing slack liquids should be kept to a minimum.

9. Compliance with the stability criteria does not ensure immunity against capsizing regardless of the circumstances or absolve the master from his responsibilities.

Masters should therefore exercise prudence and good seamanship having regard to the season of the year, weather forecast and navigational zone and should take the appropriate action as to speed and course warranted by the prevailing circumstances.

10. Before any stage of a voyage commences care should be taken to ensure that the cargo and sizeable pieces of equipment have been properly stowed and lashed so as to minimize the

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possibility of both longitudinal and lateral shifting while at sea, under the effect of acceleration caused by rolling and pitching.

11. The vessel should be properly moored prior to lifting operation.

12. When engaged in towing, large external heeling moments may be applied to the vessel especially if the tow lead forms a large angle with the horizontal axis of the vessel. Such a condition would be further aggravated in adverse conditions of weather and tide or if the ship under tow ran aground.

13. At the commencement of a tow, it is important to ensure that the load placed upon the tow line and hook is applied gradually, particularly regard being taken of the relative thrust of the vessel and the resistance of the tow.

14. The combined effect of items (12) and (13) could produce an extremely dangerous condition and might eventually result in the vessel capsizing if the angle of tow resulted in the production of an excessive transverse heeling moment.

15. Operational procedures related to weather conditions

(a) All doorways and other openings, through which water can enter into the hull of deckhouses, manholes, etc., should be suitably closed in adverse weather conditions and accordingly all appliances for this purpose should be maintained on board and in good conditions.(b) Weather tight and watertight hatches, doors, etc., should be kept closed during navigation, except when necessarily, opened for the working of the ship and should always be ready for immediate closure and be clearly marked to indicate that these fittings are to be kept closed except for access. Hatch covers and flush decks scuttles should be kept properly secured when not in use during operations. All portable deadlights should be maintained in good condition and securely closed in bad weather.(c) Any closing devices provided for vent pipes to fuel tanks should be secured in bad weather.(d) Reliance on automatic steering may be dangerous as this prevents ready changes to course which may be needed in bad weather.(e) In all conditions of loading of necessary care should be taken to maintain a seaworthy freeboard.(f) In sever weather, the speed of the ship should be reduced if excessive rolling, propeller emergency, shipping of water on deck or heavy slamming occurs. Six heavy slamming or propeller emergencies during 100 pitching motions should be considered dangers.(g) Special attention should be paid when a ship is sailing in following or quartering seas because dangerous phenomena such as parametric resonance, broaching to, reduction of stability on the wave crest, and excessive rolling may occur singularly, in sequence or simultaneously in a multiple combination, creating a threat of capsize. Particularly dangerous (h) is the situation when the wave length is of the order of 1.0-1.5 ship’s length. A ship’s speed and/or course should be altered appropriately to avoid the above-mentioned phenomenon.(i) Water trapping in deck wells should be avoided. If freeing ports are not sufficient for the drainage of the well, the speed of the ship should be reduced or course changed, or both. Freeing ports provided with closing appliances should always be capable of functioning and are not to be locked.(j) Masters should be aware that steep or breaking waves may occur in certain areas, or in certain wind and current combinations (river estuaries, shallow water areas, funnel shaped bays, ect). These waves are particularly dangerous, especially for small ships.

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(k) Use of operational guidelines for avoiding dangerous situations in severe weather conditions or an on-board computer based system is recommended. The method should be simple to use.

Stowage Factors for Bulk & Neobulk Cargoes  

Commodity Packing Cubic Ft/Ton

Cubic M/Ton

Acetate - Butyl Ethyl

Drums 65 1.84

Acetone Drums 63/68 1.784/1.925Acid - Citric Cases 47 1.331

Alcohol - Ethyl Drums 70 1.982Alcohol - Rectified

Drums 65 1.840

Aloes Cases 36 1.109Aluminium

IngotsBundled 29 0.821

Aluminium Foil Cases 108 3.508Aluminium Rods Loose Coils 24/30 0.679/0.849

Andalusite Bags 30 0.649Antimony Pallets 26/29 0.736Arsenic Drums 26 0.736Arsenite (sodium)

Drums 40 1.132

Asbestos Bags (Mozambique)

100/140 2.83/3.964

Asbestos Bags (South Africa)

86/90 2.435/2.584

Asbestos (Pressure Packed)

Bags 80 2.26

Asphalt Drums 47 1.331Barley Bags 60/65 1.699/1.840

Batteries (lead/acid)

Crates 40 1.132

Beans (canned) Cartons 50/55 1.416/1.557Beans (soya) Bags 56 1.585

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Beer Cases 66 1.869Beer Cartons 60 1.699

Beeswax Bags 65 1.840Billets (steel) Pcs 10 0.283Bituminous

solutionDrums 60 1.699

Bones Bags 100 2.832Bottles Bags 88 2.492

Bottles (Coke or Pepsi)

Bags 70 1.982

Bran Bags 100/120 2.832/3.394Brandy Casks 75 2.124Brandy Cases 56 1.385Bricks Cases 30/35 0.849/0.991

Bricks (fire) Loose 26 0.736Briquettes (Charcoa)

Bags 35/40 0.991/1.132

Buchu (herb) Bales 270 7.646Buckwheat Bags 55/65 1.557/1.840

Calcium carbide Drums 50/60 1.146/1.699Canned goods Cartons 40/50 1.132/1.146

Candles Cartons 80 2.265Carbon Black Cartons 147 4.163Casks (empty) Loose 80 2.690Cassava Root Bags 95 2.690Cattle Feed Bags 73 2.067

Caustic Soda Drums 25 0.708Cereals Cartons 240 6.796Cement Bags 23 0.651Cement Marino Slings 28 0.793Chain Drums 24 0.679

Charcoal Bags 200 5.664Chicory Bags 60 1.699

Chrome Ore Bags 12/15 0.339/0.424Cigarettes Cartons 134 3.794

Clay Bags 30/50 0.849/1.416Cloves Bags 120 3.398

Coal Tar Drums 57 1.614Cobalt Drums 20 0.566

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Coffee Bags 100 2.832Confectionery Cartons 84 2.378

Copper Blister 18 0.509Copper Ingots 18 0.509Copper Cathodes 12 0.339

Copper Ingots bundled

9 0.254

Copper Billets 5 0.141Copper

ConcentratesBulk 18 0.509

Copra Bags 80/90 2.265/2.548Corks (crown) Cartons 80 2.265

Cornflour Bags 56 1.585Corundum Ore Bags 40 1.132Cotton Seed Bags 85/110 2.407/3.115

Cotoon Seed Oil cake

Bags 75/80 2.124/2.265

Cotton Lint Bales 126 3.568Cotton Pressed Bales 85 2.407

Crayfish (Atlantic Spiny

Lobster)Cartons 55 1.557

Creosote Drums 50 1.416Curry Powder Cartons 72 2.039

Custard Powder Cartons 70 1.982Drums 55 gal

emptyLoose 100/400 2.832/11.328

Dynamite Cases 90 2.548E.C. Feed (Cattle

Feed)Bags 55/70 1.557/1.982

Electrolytic Manganese

Drums 18 0.509

Essences cartons 44 1.246Eucalyptus Logs Loose 55 1.557Eucaylptys Oil Drums 50 1.416Eucryptide Ore Drums 25 0.708Ferrochrome Drums 14 0.396

Ferromanganese

Drums 24 0.679

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Ferrosilicon Drums 30 0.849Fibre Board Sheets 50 1.146Filters (oil) Cartons 181 5.125

Fish (canned) Cartons 55 1.557Fishmeal Bags 60/65 1.699/1.840Fish Oil Drums 60 1.699

Flour (maize) Bags 58 1.642Flouspar Bags 30 0.849Fondant (cement)

Cases 43 1.217

Fruit (canned) Cartons 40 1.132Fruit (dried) Cartons 48/55 1.359/1.557Fruit Juice (canned)

Cartons 55 1.557

Garlic Cartons 57 1.614Glass Crates 45/70 1.274/1.982

Glucose Drums 43 1.217Granite (slabs) Loose 40 1.133Granite (blocks) Loose 10/15 0.293/0.424

Graphite Bags 53 1.501Grits Bags 55 1.557

Groundnut (peanuts)

Bags 75 2.124

Groundnut Oil cake

Bags 70/75 1.982/2.124

Groundnut Oil Drums 60/62 1.699/1.755Guano Bags 60/70 1.982/1.699

Hardboard Skids 65/102 1.840/2.888Hides (dry) Bales 150/160 4.248/4.531Hides (wet) Bundles 45/50 1.274/1.416

Horns Bags 80 2.265Ilmenite Bags 22 0.623

Ivory Bags 60 1.699Jam/Jelly (canned)

cartons 61 1.727

Jam/Jelly (bottled)

Cartons 43 1.217

Jute Bags 58 1.642Kerosens Cases 57 1.614

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Lard Cartons 50 1.416Lead Ingots 10 0.283

Leather Bales 100 2.832Lepidolite Pallets 35/40 0.991/1.132

Maize Bags 60 1.699Manganese

(ferro)Drums 24 0.509

Meat (canned) Cartons 55 1.557Methylated

SpiritsDrums 70 1.982

Mica Bags 60 1.699Microlite Ore Bags 20 0.566Milk Powder Cartons 120 3.398

Mill balls Drums 20 0.566Millet Bags 55 1.557

Mimosa bark Bales 96 2.718Mohair (greasy) Bales 110 3.115

Mohair (scoured)

Bales 120 3.398

Monasite Oil Drums 50 1.416Nails Bags 28 0.493

Nestum Cartons 150 4.248Nickel

ConcentrateBags 18 0.509

Oats Bags 65 1.840Oatmeal Bags 90 2.548

Ochre Bags 45 1.274Onions Bags 100 2.832Paint Drums 50 1.416

Palm Kernels Bags 80 2.265Parquet Flooring Cartons 42 1.189

Peel (citrus) Cases 60 1.699Peanut Butter Cartons 60 1.699Peas (canned) Cartons 52 1.472

Pet Food Cartons 55 1.557Pipe (Cast iron) Loose 53 1.50`

Pipe (Steel)Depends

on diam.Loose 90 2.548

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Ploughs (Disc) Bundles 35/40 0.99/1.13Plywood Bundles 85 2.407

Poles (Telephone Creosoted)

Bundles 90/106 2.548/3.001

Potatoes Bags 100 2.882Potatoes Crates 80 2.265

Pulp Board Bundles 34/40 0.962/1.132Rayon Pulp Bales 75/80 2.124/2.265

Resin Bags 63 1.784Rice Bran Bags 110 3.115

Rope (Sisal) Coils 90 2.548Rubber (Scrap) Drums 101 2.860

Rubber (Solution)

Drums 70 1.95

Rum Casks 60/80 1.699/2.265Rutile Bags 25 0.708Rye Bags 52 1.472

Salt (Coarse) Bags 70 1.982Salt (Fine) Bags 45 1.274Shark Fins Bags 60/70 1.699/1.982Sheepskins Bales 110/140 3.115/3.964

Sisal Bales 100 2.832Sleepers

(Wooden railway ties)

Loose 40 1.132

Soap Cases 47 1.331Soda Ash Bags 40/45 1.132/1.274

Sugar Bags 46 1.302Syrup (cane) Cartons 45 1.274

Tallow Drums 58 1.642Tea Chests 100 1.832

Tin Plate Stillages 15/18 0.424/0.509tin Concentrates Bags 14 0.39

Tinned Goods Cartons 50/60 1.146/1.669Tomatoes Cartons 55 1.557

Post Toasties (Cornflakes)

Cartons 321 9.090

Tobacco Bales 120 3.39815

Tobacco Cases 110/140 3.115/3.964Tung Oil Drums 60 1.699Twine Cartons 85/90 2.407/2.548Tires Loose 130/160 3.551/4.531Urea Bags 55 1.557

Vaseline Cartons 40 1.132Vermiculite Bags 45/60 1.274/1.699

Wattle Extract (Solid)

Bags 40/50 1.132/1.146

Wattle Extract (Powder)

50 1.146

Wattle Poles Loose 90 2.549Wattle Poles Bundles 120 3.398

Wax Bags 75 2.124Weedkiller Drums 55 1.557Whale Meal Bags 80 2.266Whale Oil Drums 65/70 1.840/1.982

Wheat Bags 50/60 1.41/1.669Wine Cases 70 1.982Wine Casks 70/80 1.982/2.265Wine Firkins 58/64 1.642/1.812Wine Hogsheads 70 1.982Wine Pipes 70 1.902Wine Cartons 65 1.840

Wire Netting (Chicken wire)

Rolls 60 1.699

Wire Rope Coils 30 0.849Wool (Grease) Bales 221 6.258Wool (Scoured) Bales 220 6.230

Wool (Tops) Bales 160 4.531Wool (Mohair) Bales 161 4.559

Zinc Dust Drums 25 0.708Zircon Bags 25 0.708

CONVERSION FACTORSTo Convert From To Multiply

Insert amt. to be

convertEquals

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CENTIMETERS Decimeters 0.10000   0.00000  Feet 0.03281   0.00000  Inches 0.39370   0.00000  Meters 0.01000   0.00000  Millimeters 10.00000   0.00000  Yards 0.01094   0.00000CUBIC CENTIMETERS Board feet (BM) 0.00042   0.00000(cc) Cubic inches 0.06102   0.00000  Ounces, liquid (US) 0.03381   0.00000CUBIC FEET Barrels, oil (42 gal) 0.17820   0.00000  Board feet 12.00000   0.00000  Bushels (US) 0.80356   0.00000  Bushels (Imp) 0.77863   0.00000  Cubic centimeters 28317.01600   0.00000  Cubic decimeters 28.31702   0.00000  Cubic inches 1728.00000   0.00000  Cubic meters 0.02832   0.00000  Cubic yards 0.03704   0.00000  Gallons (Imp) 6.22890   0.00000  Gallons (US) 7.48052   0.00000  Hectoliters 0.28316   0.00000  Liters 28.31625   0.00000Cubic inches Board feet (BM) 0.00694   0.00000  Bushels (US) 0.00047   0.00000  Cubic centimeters 16.38716   0.00000  Cubic feet 0.00058   0.00000  Gallons (Imp) 0.00360   0.00000  Gallons (US) 0.00433   0.00000  Gills 0.13853   0.00000  Liters 0.01639   0.00000  Ounces, liquid (US) 0.55411   0.00000  Pints, liquid (US) 0.03463   0.00000  Quarts, liquid (US) 0.01732   0.00000

CUBIC METERSBarrels, liquid (31 1/2 gal) 8.38650   0.00000

  Barrels, oil (42 gal) 6.28980   0.00000  Board feet (BM) 423.77334   0.00000  Bushels (Imp) 27.49600   0.00000  Bushels (US) 28.37760   0.00000  Cubic decimeters 1000.00000   0.00000  Cubic feet 35.31446   0.00000  Cubic inches 61023.38000   0.00000  Cubic yards 1.30794   0.00000  Gallons (Imp) 219.96750   0.00000  Gallons (US) 264.17030   0.00000  Liters 999.97300   0.00000CUBIC YARDS Cubic feet 27.00000   0.00000  Cubic inches 46656.00000   0.00000  Cubic meters 0.76456   0.00000  Liters 764.54000   0.00000DECIMETERS Centimeters 10.00000   0.00000  Feet 0.32810   0.00000  Inches 3.93700   0.00000  Meters 0.10000   0.00000  Yards 0.10940   0.00000FEET Centimeters 30.48006   0.00000  Decimeters 3.04801   0.00000

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  Inches 12.00000   0.00000  Kilometers 0.00030   0.00000  Meters 0.30480   0.00000  Miles, nautical 0.00016   0.00000  Miles, statute 0.00019   0.00000  Yards 0.33330   0.00000GALLONS (Imp) Barrels, oil (US) 0.02860   0.00000  Cubic centimeters 4546.08590   0.00000  Cubic feet 0.160544   0.00000  Cubic inches 277.42000   0.00000  Gallons (US) 1.200952   0.00000  Liters 4.54600 7523.00000 34199.55800  Ounces (Imp) 160.00000   0.00000  Ounces, liquid (US) 153.72156   0.00000  Quarts (Imp) 4.00000   0.00000  Quarts, liquid (US) 4.80380   0.00000GALLONS (US) Barrels, oil (42 gal) 0.02381   0.00000  Cubic centimeters 3785.43400   0.00000  Cubic feet 0.13368   0.00000  Cubic inches 231.00000   0.00000  Cubic meters 0.00378543   0.00000  Gallons (Imp) 0.83268   0.00000  Gills (US) 32.00000   0.00000  Liters 3.785332   0.00000

  Ounces, liquid (US) 128.00000   0.00000  Pints, liquid (US) 8.00000   0.00000  Quarts, liquid (US) 4.00000   0.00000INCHES Centimeters 2.54000   0.00000  Decimeters 0.25400   0.00000  Feet 0.08333   0.00000  Meters 0.02540   0.00000  Millimeters 25.40000   0.00000  Yards 0.27777   0.00000KILOGRAMS Grams 1000.00000   0.00000  Ounces (avdp) 35.27396   0.00000  Pounds 2.20462   0.00000  Tons, long 0.0009842064   0.00000  Tons, metric 0.001   0.00000  Tons, short 0.0011023112   0.00000KILOMETERS Feet 3280.8333      Meters 1000.0      Miles, nautical 0.53960      Miles, statute 0.6213699      Yards 1093.61110    LITERS Barrels, oil 0.00630      Bushels (Imp) 0.02749688        0.0283774        1000.028        0.03531539        61.025        0.219975      us gal 0.264178 1160.00000 306.44648    33.8147        2.11336        0.908102        0.879902        1.05668    

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         imperial gallon Liters 4.54000 50.00000 227.00000us gallon Liters 3.78500   0.00000                                                                         

                

Conclusions

1) The vessel “ AQUA STAR ” is considered to have sufficient stability for conditions of Coastal and near coastal waterways only and as a result precautions must be taken to ensure vessel’s safety in relation to its stability in open waterways of sea force above 4

2) Due to the low downflooding height of openings on main deck aft all hatch covers , doors to accommodation, vents to bunker tanks and cargo holds / stores must be secured and be watertight at all times when vessel is underway.

3) Due to large capacity of midship and after bunker tanks , master must always ensure that action are taken to reduce the free surface effects when bunker tanks are part filled, especially in rough weather conditions.

4) When light condition and with minimal bunker captain must take steps to reduce the vertical centre of gravity by placing load low

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down in cargo hold ,especially in rough weather and when fresh water tanks on deck are filled .

…………………………………. Joseph Lewis Marine Surveyor

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