APA, 5APA, 5thth Edition Made Easy Edition Made EasyHow A Scholarly Paper How A Scholarly Paper

Should LookShould Look

By Freda Turner, Ph.D.By Freda Turner, Ph.D.

Updated 3/25/2003Updated 3/25/2003

Fturner@email.uophx.eduFturner@email.uophx.eduUOP

BasicsBasicsFont: Courier, Times New Roman, 12 point

Margins, 1.0 all around- ragged right margin

left margin can be l.5 inches if instructor has requested the paper to be bound.

Everything is double spaced – this includes quotes and reference page.

(APA, 2001, pp. 286-287)

Title PageTitle Page• Page numbers start with title page by

setting header feature of your software.

Header includes 2 or 3 words from title, then 5 spaces and page number. See example of Title Page on next slide.

See example of a title page on the next slide.

(APA, 2001, p. 288)

Title page 1

Running head: YOUR TITLE

Appropriate Title Your name

University of Phoenix

  

  

  

  

  

(APA, 2001, p. 306)

Optional –ask instructor

Sample title pageSample title page

22 Easy Rules on Quotes

•1. Short quotes with fewer than 40 words are incorporated into text and enclosed by quotation marks.

•Example: “Approximately 27% of the workforce displays poor emotional intelligence” (Miele, 1993, p. 276).(Publication Manual, 2001, p. 118)

Block Quote over 40 wordsBlock Quote over 40 words

Miele (1993) found the following:Miele (1993) found the following:

The ‘placebo effect,’ which had beenThe ‘placebo effect,’ which had been

verified in previous studies disappeared verified in previous studies disappeared whenwhen

behaviors were studied in this manner. behaviors were studied in this manner.

The behaviors were not exhibited again The behaviors were not exhibited again

even when real drugs were giveneven when real drugs were given.. (p. 40) (p. 40)

Electronic Quotes•Properly cited sources add to the

researcher’s credibility.

•Electronic Example:As Myers (2000, para. 5) aptly phrased

it, “positive emotions are great.”

(APA Handbook, , 2001, p. 120)

CitationsCitations

(Cheek & Turner, 1981, p. 332)  

(Jones, 1989, chap. 3)

  (Myers, 2000, ¶ 5)

 (Bow, 2000, Summary section, para. 1)

(APA, 2001, pp. 214-217)

Reference or References

Reference page follows text and references must be discussed and cited in text.

If you have 5 different references listed on your reference page, you must have 5 citations in the text.

(APA, 2001, p. 313)

Watch reference Watch reference indentations!indentations!Double space references.First line is flush left with remaining

lines of reference indented 5 spaces

Next slide provides an example

Example 4 References•

Elkind, D. (1978). The child's reality: Three

developmental themes. New York:

Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.      Issac, G. (1995). Is solar disorder timed?

Adolescents, 30 (118), 273-276.

(APA, 2001, p. 215; 313)

No Author Reference No Author Reference CitationCitationBook, no author or editor:Book, no author or editor:

• Merriam-Webster’s collegiate Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary dictionary

(10(10thth ed.). (1993). Springfield, ed.). (1993). Springfield, MA: MA:

Merriam-Webster.Merriam-Webster.Note references are flush left with 2nd & 3rd lines indented, no author

(APA, 2001, p. 249)

No Author, Web No Author, Web CitationCitationTitle of article. (1987). Retrieved July 7, 2002, Title of article. (1987). Retrieved July 7, 2002,

from URL _________from URL _________

Another example of online retrieval:Another example of online retrieval:History of South West Airlines. Retrieved July 8, History of South West Airlines. Retrieved July 8,

2003, from ProQuest database.2003, from ProQuest database.

(APA, 2001, p. 231)

Electronic retrieved materialElectronic retrieved material• Borman, W. C. (2001). Role of supervisor Borman, W. C. (2001). Role of supervisor

Journal of Applied Psychology, 78Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 443-449. , 443-449.

Retrieved Retrieved October 23, 2002, from UOP October 23, 2002, from UOP

ProQuest data. ProQuest data. • ORORJones, G. (2001). Role of reference elements. Jones, G. (2001). Role of reference elements. Prevention Research, 5Prevention Research, 5, 117-123. Retrieved , 117-123. Retrieved October 13, 2001, from October 13, 2001, from

http://jbr.org/article.htmlhttp://jbr.org/article.html

Newspaper Article, Newspaper Article, Electronic versionElectronic version• Hills, P. J. (1999, February 16). In Hills, P. J. (1999, February 16). In

forecasting their emotions, most forecasting their emotions, most

people flunk out. people flunk out. New York TimesNew York Times. .

Retrieved November 21, 2000, from Retrieved November 21, 2000, from

http://www/nytimes.comhttp://www/nytimes.com

(APA, 2001, 279)

Computer Software Computer Software ReferenceReferenceMiller, M. E. (1993). The Interactive Miller, M. E. (1993). The Interactive

Tester (Version 4.0) [Computer Tester (Version 4.0) [Computer

software]. Westminter, CA: software]. Westminter, CA: Psytek Psytek

Services.Services.

(APA, 2001, p. 280)

No Author/no Date ExampleNo Author/no Date ExampleAlphabetize works with no author by the first word in Alphabetize works with no author by the first word in

the title. Example:the title. Example:

The new health-care lexicon. (1993, The new health-care lexicon. (1993,

August/September). August/September). Health Care TodayHealth Care Today, 4, , 4, 1-2. 1-2. Or (NO AUTHOR, NO DATE)Or (NO AUTHOR, NO DATE)

Document title or name of Web page. (n.d.) Document title or name of Web page. (n.d.)

Retrieved [date] from [URL]Retrieved [date] from [URL]

Same Author Variables Same Author Variables arrange alphabetically by arrange alphabetically by titletitle

References References

Jones, J. R. (2001a). Jones, J. R. (2001a). CControl….ontrol….

Jones, J. R. (2001b). Jones, J. R. (2001b). RRoles of ….oles of ….

(APA, 2001, pp. 220-221)

Same Authors, Different Same Authors, Different Year of Publication; list Year of Publication; list oldest publication firstoldest publication first• Jones, J. R. , & Wright, K. (2000).Jones, J. R. , & Wright, K. (2000).

• Jones, J. R. , & Wright, K. (2001).Jones, J. R. , & Wright, K. (2001).

(APA, 2001, p. 221)

Common Knowledge

    Exception to the citation rule: Common knowledge–commonly known facts (e.g., Washington D.C. is the capital of the U.S.) does not need a citation even if one had to look up the data.When in doubt, CITE references and citations

Adding EmphasisAdding Emphasis

• If you want to emphasize a word or If you want to emphasize a word or words, italicize them. Do not put words, italicize them. Do not put them in quotations marks.them in quotations marks.

• Wrong:Wrong: He is “politically correct.” He is “politically correct.”

• Correct: Correct: He is He is politically correctpolitically correct..

Information on emphasis added to original presentation by Bette Keeling, PhD, RN, CNAA. (APA, 2001, p. 100)

Common APA FeloniesFailure to:

•Double space EVERYTHING•Remember ragged right edge•Quotes need 3 things (authors

last name, year of publication and p/para number, URL, chapter, etc.)

•References flush left for first line and never use author’s first name, only initials.

APA is easyAPA is easy

What is new:What is new:Updates on: apastyle.orgUpdates on: apastyle.org

Consequences of not Consequences of not citing is called citing is called

PlagiarismPlagiarism

Roots of PlagiarismRoots of Plagiarism

• The word “plagiarism”

is derived from a Latin word for stealer, or kidnapper, and by extension literary thief.

Plagiarism is using Plagiarism is using another’s:another’s:• Words/FactsWords/Facts

• Graphs/ChartsGraphs/Charts

• Direct quotesDirect quotes

Alarming 2001 Alarming 2001 StatisticsStatisticsRutgers survey of 2,100 students at 21 colleges

illustrates the issue:

74% admitted to some kind of cheating.

90% of students believe that cheaters are either never caught 90% of students believe that cheaters are either never caught or have never been appropriately disciplined--or have never been appropriately disciplined-- US News and US News and World Report poll World Report poll

(Straw, 2002, para. 1)

University of PhoenixUniversity of Phoenix

University of Phoenix Academic Policy: University of Phoenix Academic Policy: Students are subject to disciplinary Students are subject to disciplinary actions for “intentionally or knowingly actions for “intentionally or knowingly representing the words or ideas of representing the words or ideas of

another as one's own in an academic another as one's own in an academic

exercise.”exercise.”

APA, 5th Edition revised 03/2003

Send comments/recommendations to Dr. Freda Turner

fturner@email.uophx.edu