AP US HistoryAP US HistoryAP US HistoryAP US History

OvervieOvervieww

of theof theWarWarofof

18121812

OvervieOvervieww

of theof theWarWarofof

18121812

3 U. S. Invasions of 3 U. S. Invasions of 18121812

3 U. S. Invasions of 3 U. S. Invasions of 18121812

Campaigns of 1813Campaigns of 1813Campaigns of 1813Campaigns of 1813

THE BURNING OF WASHINGTON

August 1814 Government buildings ordered burned…including the

“White House” This was the only successful effort of the 4 major attacks

by the British. The White House was rebuilt (1815-1864)

Battle of Fort Battle of Fort McHenry,McHenry,

18141814

Battle of Fort Battle of Fort McHenry,McHenry,

18141814

Oh Say Can You SeeOh Say Can You SeeBy the Dawn’s Early Light…By the Dawn’s Early Light… -- -- Francis Scott KeyFrancis Scott Key

Gave proof through the Gave proof through the night,night,

That our flag was still That our flag was still there..there..

Gave proof through the Gave proof through the night,night,

That our flag was still That our flag was still there..there..

Hartford ConventionHartford ConventionDecember, 1814 – December, 1814 –

January, 1815January, 1815

Hartford ConventionHartford ConventionDecember, 1814 – December, 1814 –

January, 1815January, 1815

Treaty of GhentTreaty of GhentDecember 24, 1814December 24, 1814

Treaty of GhentTreaty of GhentDecember 24, 1814December 24, 1814

The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815

The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815

The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815

The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815

Jackson’s Florida Jackson’s Florida CampaignsCampaigns

Jackson’s Florida Jackson’s Florida CampaignsCampaigns

AP US HistoryAP US HistoryAP US HistoryAP US History

Cultural Cultural NationalismNationalism

Cultural Cultural NationalismNationalismp Education The “Virtuous

Citizen”

p An American form of English

Noah Webster

Cultural Cultural NationalismNationalism

Cultural Cultural NationalismNationalismp A well-defined American

literature

Washington Irving

The Sketch BookThe Sketch Book, 1819-20, 1819-20“The Legend of Sleepy “The Legend of Sleepy

Hollow”Hollow”

Cultural Cultural NationalismNationalism

Cultural Cultural NationalismNationalismReligious Movements:

Deism

Second “Great Awakening”

2004 Election 2004 Election HeadlinesHeadlines

2004 Election 2004 Election HeadlinesHeadlinesOutreach effort and moral values

theme pays off for Bush with Hispanics -- Nov. 3, 2004 [FOX News]

Election Reinforces USA’s Religious Schism

-- Nov. 4, 2004 [USA Today]

'It's a Victory for People Like Us'Bush Emphasis on Values Drew Ohio

Evangelicals

-- Nov. 5, 2004 [Washington Post]

2004 Election Poll 2004 Election Poll DataData

2004 Election Poll 2004 Election Poll DataDataWhich One Issue Mattered

Most in Deciding How You Voted for President? (Check

only one)

KerrKerryy

BusBushh NaderNader

TaxesPercentage of Electorate: 5

43% 57% 0%

EducationPercentage of Electorate: 4

73% 26% --

IraqPercentage of Electorate: 15

73% 26% 0%

TerrorismPercentage of Electorate: 19

14% 86% 0%

Economy/JobsPercentage of Electorate: 20

80% 18% 0%

Moral ValuesPercentage of Electorate: 22

18% 80% 1%

Health CarePercentage of Electorate: 8

77% 23% --

2004 Election Poll 2004 Election Poll DataData

2004 Election Poll 2004 Election Poll DataData

Attend Religious Attend Religious ServicesServices

KerrKerryy

BusBushh

NadeNaderr

More Than Once a WeekPercentage of Electorate: 16

35% 64% 1%

Once a WeekPercentage of Electorate: 26

41% 58% 0%

A Few Times a MonthPercentage of Electorate: 14

49% 50% --

A Few Times a YearPercentage of Electorate: 28

54% 45% 0%

NeverPercentage of Electorate: 15

62% 36% 1%

The Second “Great The Second “Great Awakening:”Awakening:”

Revivalist MeetingRevivalist Meeting

The Second “Great The Second “Great Awakening:”Awakening:”

Revivalist MeetingRevivalist Meeting

Charles G. FinneyCharles G. FinneyCharles G. FinneyCharles G. FinneyThe ranges of tents, the fires, reflecting light…; the candles and lamps illuminating the encampment; hundreds moving to and fro…;the preaching, praying, singing, and shouting,… like the sound of many waters, was enough to swallow up all the powers of contemplation.

“soul-shaking”

conversion

The “Benevolent The “Benevolent Empire”Empire”

The “Benevolent The “Benevolent Empire”Empire”

““Burned-Over” Burned-Over” DistrictDistrict

in Upstate New in Upstate New YorkYork

““Burned-Over” Burned-Over” DistrictDistrict

in Upstate New in Upstate New YorkYork

American Bible American Bible SocietySociety

Founded in 1816Founded in 1816

American Bible American Bible SocietySociety

Founded in 1816Founded in 1816

Economic Economic NationalismNationalismEconomic Economic

NationalismNationalismp Encourage Creativity

& Inventiveness.

p Create a Transportation Infrastructure.

p Create a Pro-Business Atmosphere.

Jefferson’s Vision Jefferson’s Vision of Americaof America

Jefferson’s Vision Jefferson’s Vision of Americaof America

Hamilton’s Vision Hamilton’s Vision of Americaof America

Hamilton’s Vision Hamilton’s Vision of Americaof America

Role ofGovt.

Role ofGovt.

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, Gin, 17911791

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, Gin, 17911791

Actually Actually invented by a invented by a

slave!slave!

Whitney’s Gun Whitney’s Gun FactoryFactory

Whitney’s Gun Whitney’s Gun FactoryFactory

Interchangeable Parts RifleInterchangeable Parts Rifle

First TurnpikeFirst TurnpikeLancaster, PALancaster, PA (1790)(1790)

First TurnpikeFirst TurnpikeLancaster, PALancaster, PA (1790)(1790)

By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities.connected most major cities.

CumberlandCumberland“National Road,” “National Road,”

18111811

CumberlandCumberland“National Road,” “National Road,”

18111811

Conestoga Covered Conestoga Covered WagonsWagons

Conestoga Covered Conestoga Covered WagonsWagons

Conestoga Trail, Conestoga Trail, 1820s1820s

Yankee Clipper Yankee Clipper ShipsShips

Yankee Clipper Yankee Clipper ShipsShips

Robert Fulton & the Robert Fulton & the SteamboatSteamboat

Robert Fulton & the Robert Fulton & the SteamboatSteamboat

The Clermont

Erie Canal SystemErie Canal SystemErie Canal SystemErie Canal System

The Erie Canal, The Erie Canal, 1820s1820s

The Erie Canal, The Erie Canal, 1820s1820s

AP US HistoryAP US HistoryAP US HistoryAP US History

TheThe

““Era of Good Era of Good FeelingsFeelings””

(1815-1824)(1815-1824)

TheThe

““Era of Good Era of Good FeelingsFeelings””

(1815-1824)(1815-1824)

The Election of 1816The Election of 1816

James Monroe [1816-1824]James Monroe [1816-1824]

John Quincy Adams:John Quincy Adams:A bulldog among spaniels!

The West & the NW: The West & the NW: 1819-1819-18241824

The Convention of 1818The Convention of 1818

Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819

US Population DensityUS Population Density

18101810 18201820

The Election of 1820The Election of 1820

The American SystemThe American System

p Tariff of 1816

p Second Bank of the U. S.

p Internal improvements at federal expense. - National Road

Henry Clay,Henry Clay,“The Great“The Great

Compromiser”Compromiser”

The American SystemThe American System

The American SystemThe American System

p WESTWEST got roads, canals, and got roads, canals, and federal aide. federal aide.

p EASTEAST got the backing of got the backing of protective tariffs from the protective tariffs from the West. West.

p SOUTHSOUTH ?? ??

The Panic of 1819The Panic of 1819

CAUSES???CAUSES???

The Compromise of 1820:The Compromise of 1820:A Firebell in the Night!A Firebell in the Night!

The Tallmadge AmendmentThe Tallmadge Amendment

All slaves born in Missouri after the territory became a state would be freed at the age of 25.

Passed by the House, not in the Senate.

The North controlled the House, and the South had enough power to block it in the Senate.

The Monroe Doctrine, 1823The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

3. What would the US do if the warning was not headed?

Monroe Monroe Doctrine Doctrine

2. What warning is given to the European countries?

1. What foreign policy principles are established?

Referred to as America’s Self-Defense Doctrine.

The Election of 1824:The Election of 1824:The “Corrupt Bargain”The “Corrupt Bargain”

The Election of 1824:The Election of 1824:The “Corrupt Bargain”The “Corrupt Bargain”

CandidatePopular

Vote

Electoral Vote

Andrew Jackson

43% 99

J.Q. Adams 31% 84

William Crawford

13% 41

Henry Clay 13% 37

AP US HistoryAP US HistoryAP US HistoryAP US History

Essential Essential Question:Question:Essential Essential Question:Question:

Champion of Champion of the the

“Common “Common Man”?Man”?

““King”King”Andrew?Andrew?OROR

Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c

Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c

Voter Turnout: Voter Turnout: 1820 - 18601820 - 1860

Voter Turnout: Voter Turnout: 1820 - 18601820 - 1860

Why Increased Democratization?Why Increased Democratization?Why Increased Democratization?Why Increased Democratization?

White male suffrage increasedWhite male suffrage increased

Party nominating committees.Party nominating committees.

Voters chose their state’s slate of Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors.Presidential electors.

Spoils system.Spoils system.

Rise of Third Parties.Rise of Third Parties.

Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.)floats, etc.)

Two-party system returned in the 1832 Two-party system returned in the 1832 election:election:

Dem-Reps Dem-Reps Natl. Reps.(1828) Natl. Reps.(1828) WhigsWhigs (1832) (1832) Republicans (1854) Republicans (1854)

Democrats (1828)Democrats (1828)

Jackson’s First Jackson’s First Hermitage Hermitage ResidenceResidence

Jackson’s First Jackson’s First Hermitage Hermitage ResidenceResidence

First Known First Known Painting Painting

of Jackson, 1815of Jackson, 1815

First Known First Known Painting Painting

of Jackson, 1815of Jackson, 1815

General Jackson General Jackson During the During the

Seminole WarsSeminole Wars

General Jackson General Jackson During the During the

Seminole WarsSeminole Wars

The “Common The “Common Man’s”Man’s”

Presidential Presidential CandidateCandidate

The “Common The “Common Man’s”Man’s”

Presidential Presidential CandidateCandidate

Jackson’s Jackson’s Opponents in 1824Opponents in 1824

Jackson’s Jackson’s Opponents in 1824Opponents in 1824

Henry ClayHenry Clay[KY][KY]

John Quincy John Quincy AdamsAdams[MA][MA]

John C. John C. CalhounCalhoun

[SC][SC]

William H. CrawfordWilliam H. Crawford[GA][GA]

Results of the Results of the 1824 Election1824 ElectionResults of the Results of the 1824 Election1824 Election

“ “Corrupt Corrupt Bargain?Bargain?”” “ “Corrupt Corrupt Bargain?Bargain?””

Rachel JacksonRachel JacksonRachel JacksonRachel Jackson

Final Divorce DecreeFinal Divorce Decree

Jackson in Jackson in Mourning for His Mourning for His

WifeWife

Jackson in Jackson in Mourning for His Mourning for His

WifeWife

1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults

1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults

The Center of The Center of Population in thePopulation in theCountry Moves Country Moves

WESTWEST

The Center of The Center of Population in thePopulation in theCountry Moves Country Moves

WESTWEST

The New The New “Jackson “Jackson Coalition”Coalition”

The New The New “Jackson “Jackson Coalition”Coalition”

The Planter Elite in the The Planter Elite in the SouthSouth

People on the FrontierPeople on the Frontier

State Politicians – State Politicians – spoils spoils systemsystem

Immigrants in the cities.Immigrants in the cities.

Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the in the “Common “Common

Man”Man”

Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the in the “Common “Common

Man”Man”Intense distrust of EasternIntense distrust of Eastern“establishment,” monopolies, “establishment,” monopolies, & special privilege.& special privilege.

His heart & soul was with theHis heart & soul was with the“plain folk.”“plain folk.”

Belief that the common man Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon was capable of uncommon achievements.achievements.

The Reign of “King The Reign of “King Mob”Mob”

The Reign of “King The Reign of “King Mob”Mob”

Andrew Jackson as Andrew Jackson as PresidentPresident

Andrew Jackson as Andrew Jackson as PresidentPresident

The The “Peggy Eaton “Peggy Eaton Affair”Affair”

The The “Peggy Eaton “Peggy Eaton Affair”Affair”

The The Webster-Webster-Hayne DebateHayne DebateThe The Webster-Webster-Hayne DebateHayne Debate

Sen. Daniel Sen. Daniel WebsterWebster

[MA][MA]

Sen. Robert Sen. Robert

HayneHayne[SC][SC]

1830183018301830 WebsterWebster::

Liberty and Union, now Liberty and Union, now andand forever, one and forever, one and inseparable.inseparable. JacksonJackson:: Our Federal Union—it must Our Federal Union—it must bebe preserved. preserved.

CalhounCalhoun:: The Union, next to our The Union, next to our liberty,liberty, most dear. most dear.

1832 Tariff 1832 Tariff ConflictConflict

1832 Tariff 1832 Tariff ConflictConflict1828 -->1828 --> “Tariff of “Tariff of

Abomination” Abomination”

1832 --> new tariff1832 --> new tariff

South Carolina’s South Carolina’s reactionreaction??

Jackson’s responseJackson’s response??

Clay’s “Compromise” Clay’s “Compromise” TariffTariff??

Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalJackson’s GoalJackson’s Goal??

1830 1830 Indian Removal ActIndian Removal Act

Cherokee Nation v. GACherokee Nation v. GA (1831)(1831) ** “domestic dependent “domestic dependent nation”nation”

Worcester v. GAWorcester v. GA (1832)(1832)

Jackson:Jackson: John Marshall has made hisJohn Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce decision, now let him enforce it! it!

The Cherokee The Cherokee Nation After 1820Nation After 1820

The Cherokee The Cherokee Nation After 1820Nation After 1820

Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal

Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)

Jackson’s Jackson’s Professed “Love” Professed “Love”

forforNative AmericansNative Americans

Jackson’s Jackson’s Professed “Love” Professed “Love”

forforNative AmericansNative Americans

Jackson’s Use of Jackson’s Use of Federal PowerFederal Power

Jackson’s Use of Jackson’s Use of Federal PowerFederal Power

VETOVETO

1830 1830 Maysville RoadMaysville Road projectproject in KY [state of his in KY [state of his political rival, Henry political rival, Henry Clay] Clay]

The National Bank The National Bank DebateDebate

The National Bank The National Bank DebateDebate

NicholasNicholasBiddleBiddle

PresidentPresidentJacksonJackson

Opposition to the Opposition to the 22ndnd B.U.S. B.U.S.

Opposition to the Opposition to the 22ndnd B.U.S. B.U.S.

Anti- Nat’l. BankAnti- Nat’l. Bank

state bankers feltstate bankers feltit restrained theirit restrained theirbanks from banks from issuingissuingbank notes freely.bank notes freely.

supported rapid supported rapid economic growth economic growth & speculation.& speculation.

Pro-Nat’l. bankPro-Nat’l. bank

felt that coin was felt that coin was the only safethe only safecurrency.currency.

didn’t like any bankdidn’t like any bankthat issued bankthat issued banknotes.notes.

suspicious of suspicious of expansion &expansion &speculation.speculation.

The “Monster” Is The “Monster” Is Destroyed!Destroyed!

The “Monster” Is The “Monster” Is Destroyed!Destroyed!

““pet banks”pet banks”??

1832 1832 Jackson vetoed Jackson vetoed thethe extension of the 2 extension of the 2ndnd National Bank of National Bank of thethe United States. United States.

1836 1836 the charter the charter expired.expired.

1841 1841 the bank went the bank went bankrupt! bankrupt!

The Downfall of The Downfall of “Mother Bank”“Mother Bank”The Downfall of The Downfall of “Mother Bank”“Mother Bank”

An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:

““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??

An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:

““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??

1832 Election 1832 Election ResultsResults

1832 Election 1832 Election ResultsResults

MainMainIssueIssue??

The The Specie Specie CircularCircular (1836) (1836)

The The Specie Specie CircularCircular (1836) (1836)3 buy future federalbuy future federal

land only with gold land only with gold ororsilver.silver.

3 Jackson’s goalJackson’s goal??

Results of the Results of the Specie CircularSpecie CircularResults of the Results of the Specie CircularSpecie Circular

$ Banknotes lose their Banknotes lose their value.value.

$ Land sales plummeted.Land sales plummeted.

$ Credit not available.Credit not available.

$ Businesses began to fail.Businesses began to fail.

$ Unemployment rose.Unemployment rose.The Panic of 1837!The Panic of 1837!

The 1836 Election The 1836 Election ResultsResultsThe 1836 Election The 1836 Election ResultsResults

Martin Van Martin Van BurenBuren

““Old Old Kinderhook”Kinderhook”

[O. K.][O. K.]

The Panic of 1837 The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Spreads Quickly!The Panic of 1837 The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Spreads Quickly!

Andrew Jackson in Andrew Jackson in RetirementRetirement

Andrew Jackson in Andrew Jackson in RetirementRetirement

Rests at the Hemitage, Tennessee

Photo of Andrew Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844Jackson in 1844

(one year before his (one year before his death)death)

Photo of Andrew Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844Jackson in 1844

(one year before his (one year before his death)death)

1767 - 18451767 - 1845