animal and range sciences feed values for dry distillers grains for feedlot lambs y. diaz

Animal and Range Sciences

Feed Values for Dry Distillers Grains for Feedlot Lambs

Y. Diaz


• Ethanol is produced by fermentation of corn

– Increase in price of corn due to its demand– Most important byproduct is Dry Distillers Grains

with Solubles (DDGS)

Introduction


Historic U.S. Fuel Ethanol Production

http://www.ethanolrfa.org/resource/facts/economy/


Corn Utilized in Ethanol Production

http://www.ethanolrfa.org/resource/facts/agriculture/

Introduction

• What do we know about using DDGS?

– Brewing Industry (Henry, 1900)– Feedlot Cattle (Waller et al., 1980)– Meta-analysis (Klopfenstein et al., 2007)


Objective

• To evaluate the effect of level of corn replacement with DDGS on growth performance, serum hormone concentrations, carcass characteristics, and rumen fermentation of growing lambs consuming an 80% concentrate diet.


• Twenty-four Rambouillet lambs were used over a sixty-three day feeding trial

• Lambs were housed individually in 2 x 4 m pens that also provided shade

• Fresh water was always available

• Lambs were fed at 0800

Materials & Methods


• Feed and orts were weighed daily

• Animals were weighed at days 0, 21, 42, & 63– ADG, DMI, & Feed efficiency were calculated

• Blood samples were collected on days 0, 21, 42, & 63– Serum prolactin, triiodthronine, insulin, & insulin-

like growth factor (IGF-I) were measured

Materials & Methods

Materials & Methods

• Rumen flood was collected on d 50 @ 1200– pH– VFA production

• HCW was obtained at time of slaughter– Carcass characteristics were obtained after 48

hrs of chilling– REA, FT, BF


Ingredient Calculated Composition

DDGS level

Items 8 16 24 32

Crude protein 11.9 13.4 14.8 16.3

DIP 6.6 7.4 8.2 9.0

TDN 76.6 76.9 77.2 77.5

DIP:TDN 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12


Ingredient Composition, DM basis

DDGS level

Ingredients 8 16 24 32

Sudan hay 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6

Alfalfa hay 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9

Rolled corn 64.4 56.4 48.4 40.4

DDGS 7.9 15.8 23.7 31.7

Other 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


• Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design– Three BW blocks– Lamb was the experimental unit

• Orthogonal Polynomial Contrast were used to test for linear and quadratic effects

Materials & Methods

RESULTS


Effects of DDGS Level on Growth Performance & Serum Hormone Concentrations

ADG, g 255 273 281 273 24.80 0.88

Feed Efficiency 0.19 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.02 0.78

Prolactin, ng/mL 370 362 321 268 49.00 0.47

Insulin, ng/mL 1.06 0.92 1.00 1.13 0.16 0.85

T3, ng/mL 1.30 1.35 1.47 1.42 0.07 0.85

IGF-I , ng/mL 254 240 239 221 14.70 0.85

8 16 24 32 SE P

DDGS % DM

DMI, g 1304 1256 1326 1318 74.20 0.85

Effects of DDGS Level on Carcass Characteristics

8 16 24 32 SE P

DDGS % DM

Hot Carcass Weight, kg 24.7 23.6 24.4 24.6 0.97 0.29

Rib Eye Area, cm2 15.2 14.7 15.1 14.8 0.61 0.93

Fat Thickness, cm 0.44 0.63 0.53 0.44 0.06 0.32

Back Fat, cm 1.48 1.40 1.67 1.57 0.12 0.46

Effects of DDGS Levels on Rumen Fermentation

8 16 24 32 SE P

DDGS % DM

CAcetate, mol/100 mol 49.9 45.3 41.6 36.8 4.04 0.09

Proprionate, mol/100 mol 34.2 30.0 32.4 37.1 4.27 0.57CButyrate, mol/100 mol 6.0 9.0 6.2 7.3 0.93 0.11LAcetate:Proprionate 1.54 1.69 1.37 0.99 0.21 0.13

Total VFA, mM 92.7 88.2 82.7 84.4 6.82 0.56LpH 5.59 5.67 5.65 6.07 0.14 0.10


• Diets not containing DDGS were similar to diets containing DDGS for growing lambs consuming feedlot diets – Growth performance– Carcass characteristics– Metabolic hormones – Rumen fermentation

Conclusions


• DDGS can be used in finishing diets for growing lambs

• DDGS appears to have similar feeding value to that of corn when fed to growing feedlot lambs

• Producers can use DDGS to replace corn in the diet when DDGS price is similar or lower to that of corn

Implications

Future Research

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

• Alfonso Islas

• Dr. Dennis M. Hallford

• Dr. Jack Thomas

• Dr. Sergio Soto-Navarro

• MBRS-RISE NIH GRANT GN61222

animal and range sciences feed values for dry distillers grains for feedlot lambs y. diaz

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