Download - Animal and Range Sciences Feed Values for Dry Distillers Grains for Feedlot Lambs Y. Diaz
Animal and Range Sciences
• Ethanol is produced by fermentation of corn
– Increase in price of corn due to its demand– Most important byproduct is Dry Distillers Grains
with Solubles (DDGS)
Introduction
Animal and Range Sciences
Historic U.S. Fuel Ethanol Production
http://www.ethanolrfa.org/resource/facts/economy/
Animal and Range Sciences
Corn Utilized in Ethanol Production
http://www.ethanolrfa.org/resource/facts/agriculture/
Introduction
• What do we know about using DDGS?
– Brewing Industry (Henry, 1900)– Feedlot Cattle (Waller et al., 1980)– Meta-analysis (Klopfenstein et al., 2007)
Animal and Range Sciences
Objective
• To evaluate the effect of level of corn replacement with DDGS on growth performance, serum hormone concentrations, carcass characteristics, and rumen fermentation of growing lambs consuming an 80% concentrate diet.
Animal and Range Sciences
• Twenty-four Rambouillet lambs were used over a sixty-three day feeding trial
• Lambs were housed individually in 2 x 4 m pens that also provided shade
• Fresh water was always available
• Lambs were fed at 0800
Materials & Methods
Animal and Range Sciences
• Feed and orts were weighed daily
• Animals were weighed at days 0, 21, 42, & 63– ADG, DMI, & Feed efficiency were calculated
• Blood samples were collected on days 0, 21, 42, & 63– Serum prolactin, triiodthronine, insulin, & insulin-
like growth factor (IGF-I) were measured
Materials & Methods
Materials & Methods
• Rumen flood was collected on d 50 @ 1200– pH– VFA production
• HCW was obtained at time of slaughter– Carcass characteristics were obtained after 48
hrs of chilling– REA, FT, BF
Animal and Range Sciences
Ingredient Calculated Composition
DDGS level
Items 8 16 24 32
Crude protein 11.9 13.4 14.8 16.3
DIP 6.6 7.4 8.2 9.0
TDN 76.6 76.9 77.2 77.5
DIP:TDN 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12
Animal and Range Sciences
Ingredient Composition, DM basis
DDGS level
Ingredients 8 16 24 32
Sudan hay 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6
Alfalfa hay 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9
Rolled corn 64.4 56.4 48.4 40.4
DDGS 7.9 15.8 23.7 31.7
Other 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Animal and Range Sciences
• Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design– Three BW blocks– Lamb was the experimental unit
• Orthogonal Polynomial Contrast were used to test for linear and quadratic effects
Materials & Methods
Animal and Range Sciences
Effects of DDGS Level on Growth Performance & Serum Hormone Concentrations
ADG, g 255 273 281 273 24.80 0.88
Feed Efficiency 0.19 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.02 0.78
Prolactin, ng/mL 370 362 321 268 49.00 0.47
Insulin, ng/mL 1.06 0.92 1.00 1.13 0.16 0.85
T3, ng/mL 1.30 1.35 1.47 1.42 0.07 0.85
IGF-I , ng/mL 254 240 239 221 14.70 0.85
8 16 24 32 SE P
DDGS % DM
DMI, g 1304 1256 1326 1318 74.20 0.85
Effects of DDGS Level on Carcass Characteristics
8 16 24 32 SE P
DDGS % DM
Hot Carcass Weight, kg 24.7 23.6 24.4 24.6 0.97 0.29
Rib Eye Area, cm2 15.2 14.7 15.1 14.8 0.61 0.93
Fat Thickness, cm 0.44 0.63 0.53 0.44 0.06 0.32
Back Fat, cm 1.48 1.40 1.67 1.57 0.12 0.46
Effects of DDGS Levels on Rumen Fermentation
8 16 24 32 SE P
DDGS % DM
CAcetate, mol/100 mol 49.9 45.3 41.6 36.8 4.04 0.09
Proprionate, mol/100 mol 34.2 30.0 32.4 37.1 4.27 0.57CButyrate, mol/100 mol 6.0 9.0 6.2 7.3 0.93 0.11LAcetate:Proprionate 1.54 1.69 1.37 0.99 0.21 0.13
Total VFA, mM 92.7 88.2 82.7 84.4 6.82 0.56LpH 5.59 5.67 5.65 6.07 0.14 0.10
Animal and Range Sciences
• Diets not containing DDGS were similar to diets containing DDGS for growing lambs consuming feedlot diets – Growth performance– Carcass characteristics– Metabolic hormones – Rumen fermentation
Conclusions
Animal and Range Sciences
• DDGS can be used in finishing diets for growing lambs
• DDGS appears to have similar feeding value to that of corn when fed to growing feedlot lambs
• Producers can use DDGS to replace corn in the diet when DDGS price is similar or lower to that of corn
Implications