Ways of knowing, feeling and doing: quest for justice

anil k gupta anilg@sristi.org anilg@iimahd.ernet.in

NIF,Honey Bee network and iima

Loops for linking innovations

with investments and enterprise,

science and technology and

culture of nurturance are still too

longwinded

Why are loops so longwinded?

the innovator, investor, entrepreneur, and of course scientists and technologists

who could add value,

designers who could improvise,

packager, the logistics chain manager etc., who can deliver

Unwillingness to recognize and resolve the ex ante and ex poste transaction costs of each actor,

Result: empty benches

• Unless we pay for unmet transaction

costs, bench will remain empty

ABC to DEF : Honey Bee Network’s next

milestones

• A: access ( of grassroots inventors and innovators

• B: bridge formal and informal science• C: creativity, collaboration and compassion

What are the DEF?

any guess????

From ABC to DEF

Technology, institutional and cultural networks to AUGMENT GREEN GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS

ABC to DEF : Honey Bee Network’s next

milestone

• A: access ( of grassroots inventors and innovators, and

traditional knowledge holders)• B: bridge formal and informal science• C: creativity, collaboration and compassion

What are the DEF?

any guess????

D E F

• D: DIVERSITY, design( by young technology students, see www.techpedia.sristi.org 87,000 + projects uploaded in the last four

months, distributed design through MAD ( Management of Autopoesis Design ), DISTRIBUTION

• E: energy efficiency, social effectiveness and ethical fulcrum, EQUITY

• F: fabrication PRODUCTS, Fostering partnership between modular design platforms, mentors and grassroots and

high tech innovation networks) and Fellowship

Key challenges

• Most grassroots innovations are at a proof of concept stage

• There is no common language to describe different components and parts since innovators use

often local salvage material to design products

• It is not easily known to innovator as to which part of the form, feature or function should be optimized

and in what sequence

HOW DO WE FORGE FELLOWSHIP

Features of collaborative platform

• Multi-media, multi-langauge : overcoming barriers of language, literary and localism

• design, annotation in sound, drawings, picture, dated layers of comments

• Different people can participate in design analysis, solution, debate, Fpstering policies, products, services

• Identifying Problem, solution & substitution or elaboration space

Should scale be enemy of the sustainability : logic of the Long Tail, investing in ideas, technologies with limited diffusion, without that sustainability is threatened

How to transfer science for development and diffusion of technologies( Gupta,1988)

Innovation

InvestmentEnterprise

GOLDEN TRIANGLE OF CREATIVITY

What can India and China learn from Brazilian slums

Mr Ubirajara, 47, in slums around Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, inventor of stand on front wheel of cycle

More stable, easier to vend things, portable bench

Honey Bee network in Limpopo, South africa

Modified donkey cart(One among many designs )

Differential-40 kg, what is it

doing here, amrutbhai

What it was????What it became

CHIN: Shanzhai Breathing Apparatus

Honey Bee Network in china TUFE

The crude breathing machine assembled by Ji

jun hai, Meng wen hai and Ma bao shun

pumping life into Xiaoyan’s lungs!

SRISTI (Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and Institutions, 1993) is a developmental voluntary

organization, set up to strengthen the Honey Bee Network of grassroots innovators engaged in conserving biodiversity and

developing sustainable solutions to local problems.

http://www.sristi.org Note on SRISTI

biodiversity

Modern R and D

Give me a place to stand, I will move the word

Creativity counts

• Amphibious cycle

• Tree climber

• Who is physically challenged?

• Washing machine cum exercising machine Cycle that makes bumps work for you

• Simple can be optimal

Ribbed teflon coated aluminum tawa

IIP Dehradun says:

• Its Ribbed Circular Bottom in aluminum tawa gives 7.9% higher thermal efficiency (52.17%) compared to conventional Iron Tawa (44.27%) and ribbed bottom gives about extra 1.09 per cent over ordinary aluminum tawa.

• Fast cooking due to its higher thermal efficiency

» Design of this Tawa is registered, design registration No. 201308

Shadows of sustainable spirit:

trying to look for frugal, diverse, resilient and simultaneous solutions, as nature does all the time

FarmImplements &

Agro Processing

PlantVariety

CultivationPractices

PlantProtection

Energy &

Water Management

Incubation

ClustersIdeaArtisanal Herbal Student

LivestockMgmt.

Women Handicapped

Small Implements

Mechanical

General Utilities

Transport

Rider I nduced bicycle Mr. Kanak Das, Assam

Bicycle based sprayer Mr. Mansukhbhai J agani, Gujarat

Bicycle with gear Mr. J ayanti J Patel,GujaratBamboo bicycle, Mr. Dodhi Pathak, Assam

Amphibious BicycleMohd. Saidullah, Bihar

Bicycle based mobile spray pumpSubhas Vasantrao J agtap, Maharastra

Multipurpose Bicycle, Md. Kamruddin, Rajasthan Bicycle operated pump, Mr. Vikram Rathore, AP Bicycle based portable Pump, Mr. Nasiruddin Gayen, WB

Bicycle based Innovations

Portable cycle

USD 70

Sandeep Kumar

Motor cycle based plough

Seen during Shodh Yatra in Anantnang, J and K

JANAKI Devi,

Western Champaran, Bihar,

innovator of a herbal pesticide, patent filed by NIF on her innovation, testing done in SRISTI natural product lab

Samvedana se srijansheelata( empathy triggering innovation)

Virendra kumar sinha

Solves the problem of sound and air pollution

Invented a silencer cum pollution control device, 12-14 kg carbon in eight months

Now likely to be used in Chilka lake, Orissa, on boats so that birds and dolphins are not disturbed

Md Rojadeen: cooker for coffeecreativity in champaran

( 22nd shodh yatra Dec 2008)

Service at your door step:Sheikh Jahangir, Jalgaon, Maharshtra

How did honeybee network evolve its framework

Rethinking logistics for sustainable future

learning from grassroots innovators

anil k guptaanilg@sristi.org

Minds on the margin are not marginal minds:

shall we join hands in learning from grassroots innovators

Survival StrategiesSurvival Strategies

Access to Factors & Product Access to Factors & Product Markets and Kinship networks Markets and Kinship networks

Public Policies for direct & indirect Public Policies for direct & indirect transfer & supporttransfer & support

Knowledge SystemsKnowledge Systems

IndividualIndividual

CollectiveCollectiveContemporary InnovationsContemporary Innovations Traditional KnowledgeTraditional Knowledge

IndividualIndividual

CollectiveCollective

Scouting and Scouting and DisseminationDissemination

ConvertingConvertingInnovations into ProductsInnovations into Products

Rewarding Rewarding and and CompensationCompensation

Micro PolicyMicro Policy Macro PolicyMacro PolicyKnowledge Knowledge NetworkNetwork

Livelihood Reinforcing Livelihood Reinforcing Experimental and Experimental and Innovative EthicsInnovative Ethics

Sustainable LivelihoodSustainable Livelihood

Conservation of Conservation of Biodiversity & Associated Biodiversity & Associated

Knowledge SystemsKnowledge Systems

SRISTI & GIANSRISTI & GIAN

IIMAIIMA IIMAIIMA

SRISTISRISTINIFNIF

NIFNIF

SRISTISRISTINIFNIF

NIFNIF

Shodh yatra every summer, every winter

Are these the marginal minds?

Corridors of creativity

Will we have the humility to learn from Ms Ram Timari Devi

Champaran, jan 2009,

Shodh yatra in patamda, purulia and bankura: Bhabi Mahato,

is she an artisan or an artist?

Satvik Traditional Food Festival, iim campus

Ignite

• Recognising creativity of children and nurturing their dreams

I want a high tech school buswhich can give alert signal asit approaches my bus stop. Iwould not miss my bus this

way!!: pallavi, 9th class

I want to integrate thegait of a person with a mobile. As walking style differ person to person,

the software will be able to identify the signals based on the body movements while walking

If the mobile will sense a different movement once actwill lock itself and send a message about its location

predefined number. : anurag rathor 9th class

Why pierce skin toget a blood test done?I wish to make a blood testing systemthat would do the required test byscanning the skin surface or testingthe skin excretions :srishti class iv

Business Development and

MVIF

Global Enquires for grassroots innovations

( g2G) 2009

National Innovation Foundation

www.nifindia.org/bd

g2G

grassroots to global

Global GIAN – Building Global Value

Chain for augmentation of Green

Grassroots Innovations

Sales made

1. Coconut tree climber- USA (Florida, Massachussets, California, Hawaii etc.) Australia, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Brazil, Mexico, West Indies

2. Pomegranate deseeder-Turkey, USA

3. Garlic peeling machine-Pakistan

4. Arecanut husker- Singapore

5. Milking machine-Phillipines, Uganda, Ethiopia

6. Resin grading machine-Peru

7. Cassava peeling machine-kenya

8. Herbal growth promoters-Ghana

Product enquiries: Source by countries (01/04/06-31/03/07)

Sl no. Innovation/product Countires

1 Coconut/palm tree climbing device USA, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Australia, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Iran, West Indies

2 Entech oil expeller USA, United Kingdom, Australia, Phillipines, Canada, Kenya, Colombia, S. Africa, Switzerland, Poland, Indonesia, Belgium

3 Garlic peeling machine Slovenia, USA, Turkey, Peru, Singapore, Iran , Venezuela, Pakistan

4 Pomegranate deseeding machine USA, Australia, Turkey, Venezuela, Hongkong, Israel, Netherlands, Thailand, UAE, Iran, United Kingdom

5 Cassava peeling machine Congo, USA, Benin, Nigeria, Kenya, UAE, Uganda

6 Aaruni tilting cart Uganda

7 Coconut defibring machine China

8 Coconut dehusker Mexico, New Zealand, USA, Philippines, Bangladesh

9 Lemon cutting machine S. Africa

10 Milking machine Bangladesh, Uganda, Ecuador

11 Palm leaf mat weaving machine Fiji

12 Rain Gun (Chandraprabha) Sudan

13 Tea making machine Bangladesh,

14 Tile making machine Bangladesh, Kenya, Rwanda, Ghana, Zambia

15 Trench digging machine Pakistan

16 Zero head water turbine Egypt

17 Arecanut dehusking machine Chile

Case study on social diffusion

Modified hand pump

GIAN (n) Jaipur,

Honey Bee Network

Origin

• The improved hand pump is a combination of two innovations and ideas recognized by NIF during its second and third National competition on grassroots innovations ( Swyambhu Sharma and Chandan Agarwal)

Issues addressed1.Over drawing of water other than

actual requirement– diameter of conventional pump outlet is usually 2” which leads to high discharge volume and therefore wastage of water also

Issues addressed3.Uncomfortable

position for drawing water and drinking at the same time, with a lot of water wastage

The solution ( yusuf and Kumawat)

• New hand pump has a provision of 25% water donation for the animal trough, which is collected from the runoff

• A provision of about 1 liter water storage inside the head of the pump which can be utilized through a tap for use as a drinking source just by pumping once

Dissemination• first installation was facilitated

through gram panchayat of Danta division

• users feedback was encouraging therefore GIAN-North further facilitated the implementation in selected villages of Sikar District

• A total of 120 hand pumps were modified and provided to PHED for getting installed at selected sites

• 6 pumps were recently handed over to an NGO “Lupin” for dissemination purpose

Dissemination• After the diffusion of 50 odd

improved hand pumps in regions of Sikar, a presentation was given to Water Resource Management, Govt of Rajasthan

1st Award by National Innovation Foundation Award in the year Feb 2002

Best Technology Award for the year 2003 by National Research Development Corporation, Govt. of India in the year June 2004.

Honored by SRISTI by including him in the Governing bodyRecognition by Community

Recognition & Reward:

1997 - From Scrap to …….

2007 – Solid, stable, sustainable solution

Individual creativity, nurtured by community, diffused widely in society

Community Knowledge

Public domain

Community knowledge, documented &disseminated with or without PI Consent

Individual/Public knowledge

Private, individual knowledge /innovations/practice

Knowledge

CommunityIndividual

Figure 1. Source: Gupta 2001,Gupta and Sinha,2002

Individual KnowledgePublic

Individual

Community

Public

Practice

None

Contested Domains of Local Knowledge

What do we reward and how:a) Unaided technological individual or collective

innovations ( covered by Intellectual property rights or not)

b) Partnership between grassroots innovators and R and D institutions

c) Public domain or open source innovationsd) Linkage between innovation, investment and

enterprisee) incubators for innovations f) Institutional arrangements that make a difference to

the lives of the knowledge rich economically poor people through agricultural and health technologies

How to reward: Portfolio of Incentives for

innovations

material-individual

Ipr or non ipr based awards

Awards

R and d grants

Endowments

non-material-individual

Recognition

Honour

Memorial

material-collective

Trust funds

Venture and incubation funds

Collective awards

Supp for Institution building

endowments

non-material-collective

Policy changes

Pedagogic changes

Forms of incentivesMaterial non material

Target

Of individual

Incentives

collective

Sl. No. Disease/Disorders Number of practices

1 Ache/Pain 1056

2 Respiratory disorders 895

3 ENT 864

4Gastro-intestinal disorders 753

5 Ulcer/Wounds/Cuts 702

6 Liver disorders 626

7 Fever 521

8 Musculo-orthopaedic 489

9 Skin diseases 442

10Gynaecological disorders 341

11 Poisoness bites/Stings 324

12 Neurological 309

13 Diabetes 253

14 Urological disorders 128

15 Blood 125

16 Burn injury 119

17 Cancer 119

18 Others 110

19 Viral diseases 89

20 Reproductive disorders 80

21 Cardio-vascular 68

22 Gum/Tooth disorders 37

23 Allergic disorders 25

24 Bacterial diseases 14

25 AIDS/HIV 8

  Total 8497Sample of Practices received for biodiversity based treatments of diseases by local communities and individuals at NIF

S. No. Index %

1

Innovator (Traditional knowledgeholder) 30

2 Nature 5

3 Community 5

4 Innovation Fund 20

5 Research and Development 15

6 Over head 15

7 Contigency 5

8 Women fund 5

100

BENEFIT SHARING FORMULA

Linking open source with IP protected technologies and

services“”technology commons””

open for people to people learning, fabrication and adaptation for self use but licensing needed for firms

to use

Voices of Grassroots Innovators

National Innovation FoundationNational Innovation Foundation

www.sristi.orgwww.gian.org

Fab-5

Honey Bee Network

Techpedia.sristi.org

Just for the pain of the motherAsu making machine for Pochampally sarees: C Mallesham, Nalgonda

Laxmi Asu machine by Malleshamhas relieved women from 8-9 hours of labour everyday.

• it just takes 90 minutes to weave a saree compared to the four hours required in the manual process.

• This has brought a revolution among the weaver community. The Indian Patent has been filed for the Innovation. The innovator has sold more than 500 units of the same.

• Also see Honey Bee 19(3): 4-6, 2009 for his detailed profile

This is how it was

This is how it is

Will you join the open source collaborative platform TO GET CREATIVE PEOPLE THEIR DUE

Honey bee Network seeks your involvement

The strategy for unleashing the creative potential of millions of people at the base of economic pyramid:

The development strategy should build upon the resources in which a region and the people inhabiting that region are rich in,

Local knowledge and innovations can provide a signal about the stress and pain points and some of the ways in which these pains have been dismissed, diffused and diluted

Documentation of such knowledge with prior informed consent can provide a basis for blending formal and informal science to develop value added products,

It is understood that not every knowledge holder may become or may even like to become an entrepreneur. At the same time many knowledge holders can become entrepreneur or tie up with other entrepreneurs to diffuse their knowledge through commercial or non commercial channels.

No society has developed or can ever develop by relying only on private markets for creating positive externalities.

No society has developed or can ever develop by relying only on private markets for creating positive externalities. Public goods have to be created in the form of open access knowledge based, laboratories, workshops, fab labs, tool rooms, design centres etc. Shortage of such facilities stifles the growth of public spirited science, technology, art and culture.

Conversion of ideas, innovations and traditional knowledge into product and services requires funds for product development, testing, demonstrations for user trial, designing, market research, production and distribution. Absence of dedicated funds clearly imply either lack of faith in the genius of creative minds at grassroots or the assumption that such knowledge does not deserve any significant public support.

Irony of global diffusion of micro finance matched with global absence of micro venture finance conveys the current state of art with regard to knowledge-based approaches to social development.

It is not that only technological creativity deserves support for generating employment opportunities for poor. The cultural knowledge is no less important for similar support to generate income-enhancing opportunities.

Creating a horizontal knowledge network among local creative communities is most vital for improving the living conditions immediately within and across the countries. This will require multi language, multi media databases and networks. Examples of several problems having been faced by farmers in India as well as China triggering similar solutions proves the potential that exists for saving civilizational energy in discovering solutions. Honey Bee Network has provided numerous examples where applicable solutions can help Indian farmers and vice versa. In such for sustainable solution there is no north but only south. There is a great need for exchanging knowledge among different communities.

How did it happen:

The journey…..

SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH AND INITIATIVES FOR SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES AND INSTITUTIONS (www.SRISTI.org )

GRASSROOTS INNOVATION AUGMENTATION NETWORK (wwwGIAN.org)

NATIONAL INNOVATION FOUNDATION (www.NIFindia.org)

Honey bee network , informal social movement,

IIMA, DST, DSIR, ICAR, IITs, 13th Finance Commission, volunteers, NGIs ( non governmental Individuals), public spirited professionals…….