Download - Anil Gupta
Ways of knowing, feeling and doing: quest for justice
anil k gupta [email protected] [email protected]
NIF,Honey Bee network and iima
Loops for linking innovations
with investments and enterprise,
science and technology and
culture of nurturance are still too
longwinded
Why are loops so longwinded?
the innovator, investor, entrepreneur, and of course scientists and technologists
who could add value,
designers who could improvise,
packager, the logistics chain manager etc., who can deliver
Unwillingness to recognize and resolve the ex ante and ex poste transaction costs of each actor,
Result: empty benches
• Unless we pay for unmet transaction
costs, bench will remain empty
ABC to DEF : Honey Bee Network’s next
milestones
• A: access ( of grassroots inventors and innovators
• B: bridge formal and informal science• C: creativity, collaboration and compassion
What are the DEF?
any guess????
From ABC to DEF
Technology, institutional and cultural networks to AUGMENT GREEN GRASSROOTS INNOVATIONS
ABC to DEF : Honey Bee Network’s next
milestone
• A: access ( of grassroots inventors and innovators, and
traditional knowledge holders)• B: bridge formal and informal science• C: creativity, collaboration and compassion
What are the DEF?
any guess????
D E F
• D: DIVERSITY, design( by young technology students, see www.techpedia.sristi.org 87,000 + projects uploaded in the last four
months, distributed design through MAD ( Management of Autopoesis Design ), DISTRIBUTION
• E: energy efficiency, social effectiveness and ethical fulcrum, EQUITY
• F: fabrication PRODUCTS, Fostering partnership between modular design platforms, mentors and grassroots and
high tech innovation networks) and Fellowship
Key challenges
• Most grassroots innovations are at a proof of concept stage
• There is no common language to describe different components and parts since innovators use
often local salvage material to design products
• It is not easily known to innovator as to which part of the form, feature or function should be optimized
and in what sequence
HOW DO WE FORGE FELLOWSHIP
Features of collaborative platform
• Multi-media, multi-langauge : overcoming barriers of language, literary and localism
• design, annotation in sound, drawings, picture, dated layers of comments
• Different people can participate in design analysis, solution, debate, Fpstering policies, products, services
• Identifying Problem, solution & substitution or elaboration space
Should scale be enemy of the sustainability : logic of the Long Tail, investing in ideas, technologies with limited diffusion, without that sustainability is threatened
How to transfer science for development and diffusion of technologies( Gupta,1988)
Innovation
InvestmentEnterprise
GOLDEN TRIANGLE OF CREATIVITY
What can India and China learn from Brazilian slums
Mr Ubirajara, 47, in slums around Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, inventor of stand on front wheel of cycle
More stable, easier to vend things, portable bench
Honey Bee network in Limpopo, South africa
Modified donkey cart(One among many designs )
Differential-40 kg, what is it
doing here, amrutbhai
What it was????What it became
CHIN: Shanzhai Breathing Apparatus
Honey Bee Network in china TUFE
The crude breathing machine assembled by Ji
jun hai, Meng wen hai and Ma bao shun
pumping life into Xiaoyan’s lungs!
SRISTI (Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and Institutions, 1993) is a developmental voluntary
organization, set up to strengthen the Honey Bee Network of grassroots innovators engaged in conserving biodiversity and
developing sustainable solutions to local problems.
http://www.sristi.org Note on SRISTI
biodiversity
Modern R and D
Give me a place to stand, I will move the word
Creativity counts
• Amphibious cycle
• Tree climber
• Who is physically challenged?
• Washing machine cum exercising machine Cycle that makes bumps work for you
• Simple can be optimal
Ribbed teflon coated aluminum tawa
IIP Dehradun says:
• Its Ribbed Circular Bottom in aluminum tawa gives 7.9% higher thermal efficiency (52.17%) compared to conventional Iron Tawa (44.27%) and ribbed bottom gives about extra 1.09 per cent over ordinary aluminum tawa.
• Fast cooking due to its higher thermal efficiency
» Design of this Tawa is registered, design registration No. 201308
Shadows of sustainable spirit:
trying to look for frugal, diverse, resilient and simultaneous solutions, as nature does all the time
FarmImplements &
Agro Processing
PlantVariety
CultivationPractices
PlantProtection
Energy &
Water Management
Incubation
ClustersIdeaArtisanal Herbal Student
LivestockMgmt.
Women Handicapped
Small Implements
Mechanical
General Utilities
Transport
Rider I nduced bicycle Mr. Kanak Das, Assam
Bicycle based sprayer Mr. Mansukhbhai J agani, Gujarat
Bicycle with gear Mr. J ayanti J Patel,GujaratBamboo bicycle, Mr. Dodhi Pathak, Assam
Amphibious BicycleMohd. Saidullah, Bihar
Bicycle based mobile spray pumpSubhas Vasantrao J agtap, Maharastra
Multipurpose Bicycle, Md. Kamruddin, Rajasthan Bicycle operated pump, Mr. Vikram Rathore, AP Bicycle based portable Pump, Mr. Nasiruddin Gayen, WB
Bicycle based Innovations
Portable cycle
USD 70
Sandeep Kumar
Motor cycle based plough
Seen during Shodh Yatra in Anantnang, J and K
JANAKI Devi,
Western Champaran, Bihar,
innovator of a herbal pesticide, patent filed by NIF on her innovation, testing done in SRISTI natural product lab
Samvedana se srijansheelata( empathy triggering innovation)
Virendra kumar sinha
Solves the problem of sound and air pollution
Invented a silencer cum pollution control device, 12-14 kg carbon in eight months
Now likely to be used in Chilka lake, Orissa, on boats so that birds and dolphins are not disturbed
Md Rojadeen: cooker for coffeecreativity in champaran
( 22nd shodh yatra Dec 2008)
Service at your door step:Sheikh Jahangir, Jalgaon, Maharshtra
How did honeybee network evolve its framework
Rethinking logistics for sustainable future
learning from grassroots innovators
anil k [email protected]
Minds on the margin are not marginal minds:
shall we join hands in learning from grassroots innovators
Survival StrategiesSurvival Strategies
Access to Factors & Product Access to Factors & Product Markets and Kinship networks Markets and Kinship networks
Public Policies for direct & indirect Public Policies for direct & indirect transfer & supporttransfer & support
Knowledge SystemsKnowledge Systems
IndividualIndividual
CollectiveCollectiveContemporary InnovationsContemporary Innovations Traditional KnowledgeTraditional Knowledge
IndividualIndividual
CollectiveCollective
Scouting and Scouting and DisseminationDissemination
ConvertingConvertingInnovations into ProductsInnovations into Products
Rewarding Rewarding and and CompensationCompensation
Micro PolicyMicro Policy Macro PolicyMacro PolicyKnowledge Knowledge NetworkNetwork
Livelihood Reinforcing Livelihood Reinforcing Experimental and Experimental and Innovative EthicsInnovative Ethics
Sustainable LivelihoodSustainable Livelihood
Conservation of Conservation of Biodiversity & Associated Biodiversity & Associated
Knowledge SystemsKnowledge Systems
SRISTI & GIANSRISTI & GIAN
IIMAIIMA IIMAIIMA
SRISTISRISTINIFNIF
NIFNIF
SRISTISRISTINIFNIF
NIFNIF
Shodh yatra every summer, every winter
Are these the marginal minds?
Corridors of creativity
Will we have the humility to learn from Ms Ram Timari Devi
Champaran, jan 2009,
Shodh yatra in patamda, purulia and bankura: Bhabi Mahato,
is she an artisan or an artist?
Satvik Traditional Food Festival, iim campus
Ignite
• Recognising creativity of children and nurturing their dreams
I want a high tech school buswhich can give alert signal asit approaches my bus stop. Iwould not miss my bus this
way!!: pallavi, 9th class
I want to integrate thegait of a person with a mobile. As walking style differ person to person,
the software will be able to identify the signals based on the body movements while walking
If the mobile will sense a different movement once actwill lock itself and send a message about its location
predefined number. : anurag rathor 9th class
Why pierce skin toget a blood test done?I wish to make a blood testing systemthat would do the required test byscanning the skin surface or testingthe skin excretions :srishti class iv
Business Development and
MVIF
Global Enquires for grassroots innovations
( g2G) 2009
National Innovation Foundation
www.nifindia.org/bd
g2G
grassroots to global
Global GIAN – Building Global Value
Chain for augmentation of Green
Grassroots Innovations
Sales made
1. Coconut tree climber- USA (Florida, Massachussets, California, Hawaii etc.) Australia, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Brazil, Mexico, West Indies
2. Pomegranate deseeder-Turkey, USA
3. Garlic peeling machine-Pakistan
4. Arecanut husker- Singapore
5. Milking machine-Phillipines, Uganda, Ethiopia
6. Resin grading machine-Peru
7. Cassava peeling machine-kenya
8. Herbal growth promoters-Ghana
Product enquiries: Source by countries (01/04/06-31/03/07)
Sl no. Innovation/product Countires
1 Coconut/palm tree climbing device USA, United Kingdom, Vietnam, Australia, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Iran, West Indies
2 Entech oil expeller USA, United Kingdom, Australia, Phillipines, Canada, Kenya, Colombia, S. Africa, Switzerland, Poland, Indonesia, Belgium
3 Garlic peeling machine Slovenia, USA, Turkey, Peru, Singapore, Iran , Venezuela, Pakistan
4 Pomegranate deseeding machine USA, Australia, Turkey, Venezuela, Hongkong, Israel, Netherlands, Thailand, UAE, Iran, United Kingdom
5 Cassava peeling machine Congo, USA, Benin, Nigeria, Kenya, UAE, Uganda
6 Aaruni tilting cart Uganda
7 Coconut defibring machine China
8 Coconut dehusker Mexico, New Zealand, USA, Philippines, Bangladesh
9 Lemon cutting machine S. Africa
10 Milking machine Bangladesh, Uganda, Ecuador
11 Palm leaf mat weaving machine Fiji
12 Rain Gun (Chandraprabha) Sudan
13 Tea making machine Bangladesh,
14 Tile making machine Bangladesh, Kenya, Rwanda, Ghana, Zambia
15 Trench digging machine Pakistan
16 Zero head water turbine Egypt
17 Arecanut dehusking machine Chile
Case study on social diffusion
Modified hand pump
GIAN (n) Jaipur,
Honey Bee Network
Origin
• The improved hand pump is a combination of two innovations and ideas recognized by NIF during its second and third National competition on grassroots innovations ( Swyambhu Sharma and Chandan Agarwal)
Issues addressed1.Over drawing of water other than
actual requirement– diameter of conventional pump outlet is usually 2” which leads to high discharge volume and therefore wastage of water also
Issues addressed3.Uncomfortable
position for drawing water and drinking at the same time, with a lot of water wastage
The solution ( yusuf and Kumawat)
• New hand pump has a provision of 25% water donation for the animal trough, which is collected from the runoff
• A provision of about 1 liter water storage inside the head of the pump which can be utilized through a tap for use as a drinking source just by pumping once
Dissemination• first installation was facilitated
through gram panchayat of Danta division
• users feedback was encouraging therefore GIAN-North further facilitated the implementation in selected villages of Sikar District
• A total of 120 hand pumps were modified and provided to PHED for getting installed at selected sites
• 6 pumps were recently handed over to an NGO “Lupin” for dissemination purpose
Dissemination• After the diffusion of 50 odd
improved hand pumps in regions of Sikar, a presentation was given to Water Resource Management, Govt of Rajasthan
1st Award by National Innovation Foundation Award in the year Feb 2002
Best Technology Award for the year 2003 by National Research Development Corporation, Govt. of India in the year June 2004.
Honored by SRISTI by including him in the Governing bodyRecognition by Community
Recognition & Reward:
1997 - From Scrap to …….
2007 – Solid, stable, sustainable solution
Individual creativity, nurtured by community, diffused widely in society
Community Knowledge
Public domain
Community knowledge, documented &disseminated with or without PI Consent
Individual/Public knowledge
Private, individual knowledge /innovations/practice
Knowledge
CommunityIndividual
Figure 1. Source: Gupta 2001,Gupta and Sinha,2002
Individual KnowledgePublic
Individual
Community
Public
Practice
None
Contested Domains of Local Knowledge
What do we reward and how:a) Unaided technological individual or collective
innovations ( covered by Intellectual property rights or not)
b) Partnership between grassroots innovators and R and D institutions
c) Public domain or open source innovationsd) Linkage between innovation, investment and
enterprisee) incubators for innovations f) Institutional arrangements that make a difference to
the lives of the knowledge rich economically poor people through agricultural and health technologies
How to reward: Portfolio of Incentives for
innovations
material-individual
Ipr or non ipr based awards
Awards
R and d grants
Endowments
non-material-individual
Recognition
Honour
Memorial
material-collective
Trust funds
Venture and incubation funds
Collective awards
Supp for Institution building
endowments
non-material-collective
Policy changes
Pedagogic changes
Forms of incentivesMaterial non material
Target
Of individual
Incentives
collective
Sl. No. Disease/Disorders Number of practices
1 Ache/Pain 1056
2 Respiratory disorders 895
3 ENT 864
4Gastro-intestinal disorders 753
5 Ulcer/Wounds/Cuts 702
6 Liver disorders 626
7 Fever 521
8 Musculo-orthopaedic 489
9 Skin diseases 442
10Gynaecological disorders 341
11 Poisoness bites/Stings 324
12 Neurological 309
13 Diabetes 253
14 Urological disorders 128
15 Blood 125
16 Burn injury 119
17 Cancer 119
18 Others 110
19 Viral diseases 89
20 Reproductive disorders 80
21 Cardio-vascular 68
22 Gum/Tooth disorders 37
23 Allergic disorders 25
24 Bacterial diseases 14
25 AIDS/HIV 8
Total 8497Sample of Practices received for biodiversity based treatments of diseases by local communities and individuals at NIF
S. No. Index %
1
Innovator (Traditional knowledgeholder) 30
2 Nature 5
3 Community 5
4 Innovation Fund 20
5 Research and Development 15
6 Over head 15
7 Contigency 5
8 Women fund 5
100
BENEFIT SHARING FORMULA
Linking open source with IP protected technologies and
services“”technology commons””
open for people to people learning, fabrication and adaptation for self use but licensing needed for firms
to use
Voices of Grassroots Innovators
National Innovation FoundationNational Innovation Foundation
www.sristi.orgwww.gian.org
Fab-5
Honey Bee Network
Techpedia.sristi.org
Just for the pain of the motherAsu making machine for Pochampally sarees: C Mallesham, Nalgonda
Laxmi Asu machine by Malleshamhas relieved women from 8-9 hours of labour everyday.
• it just takes 90 minutes to weave a saree compared to the four hours required in the manual process.
• This has brought a revolution among the weaver community. The Indian Patent has been filed for the Innovation. The innovator has sold more than 500 units of the same.
• Also see Honey Bee 19(3): 4-6, 2009 for his detailed profile
This is how it was
This is how it is
Will you join the open source collaborative platform TO GET CREATIVE PEOPLE THEIR DUE
Honey bee Network seeks your involvement
The strategy for unleashing the creative potential of millions of people at the base of economic pyramid:
The development strategy should build upon the resources in which a region and the people inhabiting that region are rich in,
Local knowledge and innovations can provide a signal about the stress and pain points and some of the ways in which these pains have been dismissed, diffused and diluted
Documentation of such knowledge with prior informed consent can provide a basis for blending formal and informal science to develop value added products,
It is understood that not every knowledge holder may become or may even like to become an entrepreneur. At the same time many knowledge holders can become entrepreneur or tie up with other entrepreneurs to diffuse their knowledge through commercial or non commercial channels.
No society has developed or can ever develop by relying only on private markets for creating positive externalities.
No society has developed or can ever develop by relying only on private markets for creating positive externalities. Public goods have to be created in the form of open access knowledge based, laboratories, workshops, fab labs, tool rooms, design centres etc. Shortage of such facilities stifles the growth of public spirited science, technology, art and culture.
Conversion of ideas, innovations and traditional knowledge into product and services requires funds for product development, testing, demonstrations for user trial, designing, market research, production and distribution. Absence of dedicated funds clearly imply either lack of faith in the genius of creative minds at grassroots or the assumption that such knowledge does not deserve any significant public support.
Irony of global diffusion of micro finance matched with global absence of micro venture finance conveys the current state of art with regard to knowledge-based approaches to social development.
It is not that only technological creativity deserves support for generating employment opportunities for poor. The cultural knowledge is no less important for similar support to generate income-enhancing opportunities.
Creating a horizontal knowledge network among local creative communities is most vital for improving the living conditions immediately within and across the countries. This will require multi language, multi media databases and networks. Examples of several problems having been faced by farmers in India as well as China triggering similar solutions proves the potential that exists for saving civilizational energy in discovering solutions. Honey Bee Network has provided numerous examples where applicable solutions can help Indian farmers and vice versa. In such for sustainable solution there is no north but only south. There is a great need for exchanging knowledge among different communities.
How did it happen:
The journey…..
SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH AND INITIATIVES FOR SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES AND INSTITUTIONS (www.SRISTI.org )
GRASSROOTS INNOVATION AUGMENTATION NETWORK (wwwGIAN.org)
NATIONAL INNOVATION FOUNDATION (www.NIFindia.org)
Honey bee network , informal social movement,
IIMA, DST, DSIR, ICAR, IITs, 13th Finance Commission, volunteers, NGIs ( non governmental Individuals), public spirited professionals…….