part one gas

Electrical Equipment, Troubleshooting & Maintenance

Kuala Lumpur –Malaysia 22-26/3/2015

Electrical Engineering

Oil, Gas and

Petrochemical

Mechanical Engineering

Electrical Engineering

Electronic ICT

Instrumentation Automation and Process Control

Data Communications & Networking

Chemistry &

Laboratory

Cement Industry

Project management

Supply chain management

www.petratrainingg.com

Gas Turbine Training Course

Design , Operation & Maintenance

WADI AL JIZZI POWER COMPANY

Petra Training Group

Part #4:

Gas Turbine Auxiliary Systems

5) Auxiliary Systems:

• Gas Turbine Lubricating Oil System

• Hydraulic Supply System and Inlet Guide Vane

• Atomizing Air System

• Fuel Purge.

• Cooling and Sealing Air System.

Gas Turbine Topics to be discussed

Lube Oil System

Large gas turbines generally have separate external circulation systems.

Gas turbine parts are made to fit with little clearance.

The shaft must be free to rotate, but not vibrate radially.

Bearings are used to support the weight of the shafts, rotors and prevent them from vibrating radially.

Without a lubricant, the bearing surface would wear out quickly.

Oil is supplied to bearing through machined holes and grooves.

نظام یقوم بتزوید الزیت لكل من:

الضاغط كراسي تحمیل)Compressor bearing(

التوربینة تحمیل راسي ك)Turbine bearing(

المولد تحمیل كراسي)Generator bearing(

Control Oil

Lube Oil System

Introduction

Lube Oilأھمیــة نظـــام

The oil forms a film between the rotating shaft and the bearing that separates them.

This reduces friction and heat.

Some heat is generated and the lubricant must carry it away.

To re-use this oil, it must be cooled, cleaned and re-pressurized.

Lube Oil System

وظیفة الزیت داخل كراسي التحمیل:

ي ھذا الزیت بعمل طبقة رقیقة داخل كراسیقومالتحمیل تفصل بین

اكالجزء الثابت والجزء الدوار لتقلیل االحتك ى درجة بتبرید كراسي التحمیل والحفاظ علیقوم

.حرارتھا ي بأزالة الملوثات والشوائب من داخل كراسیقوم

.التحمیل

احتكاك على سطوح جافة

االحتكاك على سطوح مفصولة بالزیت

طبقة زیت

مع المعادن تالمس بمنع الزیت طبقة تقوم ھذه على الحفاظ تم اذا بحیث البعض بعضھا موائع احتكاك ھو االحتكاك یكون الطبقة اضرار من یخفف مما معادن احتكاك ولیس

الفیزیائي التالمس

Lube Oilأھمیــة نظـــام

lube oil System

Remember: The function of oil lubrication systemTo provide clean, high- grade lubricating oil with suitable pressure and temperature.

Components of the system:

1. Oil tank

2. Oil pumps

3. Oil filters& strainer

4. Oil cooler

5. Oil heater

6. Control valves and protection devices

Major system components

Lube Oil System

Remember • This lubrication system, complete with

tank, pumps, coolers, filters, valves and various control and protection devices, furnishes normal lubrication and absorption of heat rejection load of the gas turbine.

• Lubricating fluid is circulated to the three main turbine bearings, generator bearings, and to the turbine accessory gear and fuel pump.

• Also, lubricating fluid is supplied to the starting means torque converter for use as hydraulic fluid as well as for lubrication.

• Additionally, a portion of the pressurized fluid is diverted and filtered again for use by hydraulic control devices as control fluid.

Lube Oil System

A Turbine Oil flow system

Oil lubrication system Components

Lube Oil System

lubrication system Schematic

Lube Oil System

ك لبشك الزیت مستوى ارتفع اذا أما•لشاشا تصل )Trip( اشارة فان بیرأب لتقوم الحمایة وانظمة التحكم ت

لسماحا وتمنع الغازیة التوربینة طفاء اعاالرتف ھذا ان حیث تشغیلھا بأعادة لىع یدل الزیت مستوى في الكبیر

المبردات من للماء تسریب ھناك ان یؤثر مما الزیت نظام الى ویدخل

نظاوال والفالتر التحمیلكراسي على.بأكملھ م

ما یعمل كخزان تجمیع وتزوید للزیت وك•

.یعمل كنازع للھواء

:معینةالزیت محدد بمستویات مستوى •

الى قیمة محددة یصل بحیث اذا انخفض •

وكما للتحذیر ) pretrip(تصل اشارة

یت الزتصل ھذه االشارة اذا ارتفع مستوى

.عن المحدد

Lube Oil System

Lube Oil Tank

یقع ھذا المبرد على خطوط النظام المزودة

. د للزیت وقد یحتوي النظام على اكثر من مبر

یقوم صمام تحكم حراري بتنظیم حرارة جزء

اشرة من زیت التزلیق عن طریق تزویده بزیت مب.من المبرد

Lube Oil System

Lube Oil Cooler

Lube Oil System

Lube Oil Filters

��ـــزة ق��اس ومراق��ة احلــرارة والضغط

نع والثانویة األساسیة المضخات اداء مراقبة یتم

غطالض ھذا قراءة یتم حیث الضغط قیاس اجھزة طریق.خةالمض على محلیا المثبت الضغط مقیاس طریق عن

سيلكرا المزود للزیت الضغط مراقبة یتم وكذلك

االشارات بارسال تقوم من ھي االجھزةوھذه التحمیل .المناسبة االجراءاتاتخاذ یتم حیث التحكم لشاشات

حال في تفعیلھا یتم الغازیة التوربینة اطفاء اشارة

من ارسالھا یتم اشارت ثالثة اصل من اشارتین وصول.الضغط قیاس اجھزة

اراش ارسال ویتم الحرارة قیاس اجھزة توجد وكذلك جةدر وصول حال في التحكم لنظام تحذیریھ ات

.المحدده الدرجة الى الزیت حرارة

Lube Oil System

Lube fluid temperatures are indicated on the thermocouples which may be located in the bearing header, bearing drains, and the oil tank.

A thermocouple, LT_OT-1A, prevents turbine start-up if the temperature of the lubricant is lower than the switch setting.

Lubricating fluid for the main, auxiliary and emergency pumps is supplied from the reservoir, while lubricating fluid used for control is supplied from the bearing header.

This lubricant must be regulated to the proper, predetermined pressure to meet the requirements of the main bearings and the accessory lube system, as well as the hydraulic control and trip circuits.

lubricating fluid is filtered and cooled before being piped to the bearing header.

Instrumentations

Lube Oil System PID of another unit

• The system is ventilated through a mist eliminator mounted on top of the lube oil reservoir. slight negative pressure is maintained in the system by the motor driven fan 88 QV-1 or 88QV-2 pulling air through the mist eliminator.

• The separation of oil droplets shall be made by the coalescing filters. In the suction line of the blower a filters with differential pressure transmitters 96 QQ-10 and 96 QQ-20 are fitted. In case of filter contamination the differential pressure transmitter indicates an alarm. This negative pressure draws sealing air through the gas turbine bearing seals.

• A tap and a pressure transmitter 96 QV-1 is provided on the mist eliminator to permit monitoring tank pressure. A diaphragm is upstream of fan for the mist eliminator and is used to regulate tank pressure.

Lube Oil System

Mist eliminator (GE 9E)

Lube Oil System

Mist eliminator (GE 9E)

Review

Lube Oil System

Review

Lube Oil System

Review

Lube Oil System

Review

Lube Oil System

Review

Lube Oil System

Review

Review مراجعة سریعة

Lube Oil System

Review

Lube Oil System

Review

Lube Oil System

Review

Hydraulic Supply System and Inlet Guide Vane

The main hydraulic supply system utilizes turbine lube oil to supplythe high pressure fluid for operating the fuel control valves, or otherdevices.

The hydraulic supply system regulates a supply pressure ofapproximately 1500 psi suitable to modulate oil fuel control valve.

The system filters the oil for servovalve use.

Accumulators to provide transient flow and prevent hydraulicpressure spikes to devices to protect the turbine if hydraulic pressure

becomes inadequate to support essential control functions.

Major devices and functional description

• Main pump ,

The primary source of high pressure oil is an accessory gear drivenpressure compensated piston pump. The pump's pressure compensatoris designed VPR 3-1.

• Auxiliary pump

A motor driven 88 HQ-1 fixed displacement pump is provided as a backup to the main pump. While the main pump is at low speed, during thenormal starting sequence, the auxiliary pump runs until the 14 HS speedsensor indicates minimum governing speed is reached. Any time themain pump fails to maintain adequate pressure, as sensed by 63 HQ-1pressure switch, the auxiliary pump is started. When this pump isinitiated by the 63 HQ-1 pressure switch, it will continue to run until shutdown manually.

Variable Inlet Guide Vane System

Atomizing Air System

Function The atomizing air system provides

sufficient pressure in the airatomizing chamber of the fuelnozzle body to maintain the properratio of atomizing air pressure tocompressor discharge pressure atapproximately 1.2 or greater overthe full operating range of theturbine.

Since the output of the mainatomizing air compressor, driven bythe accessory gear, is low at turbinefiring speed, a starting atomizing aircompressor provides a similarpressure ratio during the firing andwarm-up period of the startingcycle, and during a portion of theaccelerating cycle.

Major system components:

the main atomizing air compressor

starting atomizing air compressor, atomizing air heat exchanger(s) and an air filter.

Cooling and Sealing Air System

Introduction

The cooling and sealing air system provides the necessary air flow:

from the gas turbine compressor

TO other parts of the gas Turbine rotor Stator Sealing of the turbine bearings

To prevent excessive temperature buildup in these parts during normal operation and for sealing of the turbine bearings.

Air from two centrifugal type blowers is used to cool the turbine exhaust frame. These two motor fans are part of a cooling system located on a base, near the lower part of the gas turbine exhaust system duct.

Cooling and sealing functions:

Sealing of the turbine bearings.

Cooling of internal turbine parts subjected to high temperature.

Cooling of the turbine outer shell and exhaust frame.

Providing an operating air supply for air operated valves.

Cool the turbine shell and exhaust frame

Cooling and Sealing Air SystemExhaust Frame Blower

لمــاذا نحتــاج التبــریــد؟

.إن كفاءة التوربین تعتمد على ارتفاع حرارة الھواء الداخل إلى التوربین -.النقطة السابقة من الممكن أن تكون مفیدة بناءا على نوع المعدن المستخدم و المتاح-من خالل تأمین تبرید مستمرو كافي فإتھ من الممكن رفع حرارة الھواء من دون المخاطرة بذوبان أجزاء -

.التوربین

:الغــرض مــن النضــام من أخرى أجزاء و المتحركة و الثابتة الشفرات حرارة خفض على العمل ھو التبرید نظام من الھدف إن

و “Bearing“ال عند عزل تأمین العزل من الھدف أن كما ,الضاغطة ھواء استخدام طریق عن التوربین.التبرید ھواء مجاري

نقــاش مفتـوح واسئلـــة

)أعـــداد وتقدیــم (

المھنـدس عمـر الـزعـاریــر / المـدرب

شـركـة جنـوب كـوریـا –مـدیـر التشغیـل والكفـاءة

Eng. Omar Za'areer

Part #1 : Power Plants Primers (مقـــدمـة عـامـة فـي محطــات الطــاقــة)

Part #2: Gas Turbine Major Components

Part #4: Gas Turbine Auxiliary Systems

Part #5: Gas Turbine Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Part #6: Gas Turbine Operation

Part #3: Simple Cycle Improvement

Gas Turbine Training Course

Design , Operation & Maintenance

Part #1

مقـــدمـة عـامـة فـي محطــات الطــاقــة

Power Plants Primers

Part #1

Power Plants Primers

Common Terms & Abbreviationsالمصطلحات و االختصارات -1

Power Plant Historyنشــأة محطــات الطــاقــة -3

Power Plant Formsاشكـال محطــات الطــاقــة -5

Power Plant Conceptionمفھـوم محطــات الطــاقــة -4

-PID )(Symbols مقدمة لـ -2 Piping

االختصـــارات و المصطلحــات -1 1- COMMON TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

GT - Gas Turbine

• CT – Combustion Turbine

• CTG – Combustion Turbine Generator

• GTG – Gas Turbine Generator

ST - Steam Turbine

• STG – Steam Turbine Generator

HRSG – Heat Recovery Steam Generator

CCR – Central Control Room

DCS – Distributed Control System

EWS/OWS – Engineering/Operator Work Station

PLC- Programmable Logic Controller

BMS – Burner Management System

1- COMMON TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS BOP – Balance of Plant

HVAC – Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning

Simple Cycle – operating CTG only to make electricity and exhausting all CTG exhaust heat to atmosphere.

.الى الجو تشغیل التوربین الغازي لتولید الكھرباء بحیث یتم طرح الغازات العادمة: الدورة البسیطة*

Combined Cycle – capturing exhaust heat from CTG in HRSG to make steam and drive ST. Both CTG and STG make electricity.

وجیھ البخار ثم ت. استخدام الغازات العادمة من التوربین الغازي في تولید البخار في المرجل: دورة المركبة*. الى توربین بخاري لتولید الكھرباء

Cogeneration – producing both electricity and process steam

COD – Commercial Operation Date

1) Letter Symbols

-PID )(Symbols مقدمة لـ -2 Piping1) PID Symbols

-PID )(Symbols مقدمة لـ -2 Piping1) PID Symbols (Valves)

-PID )(Symbols مقدمة لـ -2 Piping1) PID Symbols (Examples)

Gas Turbine History

1939أول استخدام للتوربین الغازي في محطات الطاقة الكھربائیة كان.

2تطور بعد ذللك في مجال الطیران خالل الحرب العالمیة

محطات ( تطور بعد ذلك بشكل ثابت في مجال الطیران و في استخدامات خاصة اخرى كمحرك.... ).محطات ضخ الغاز , الطاقة

Braytonتعمل التوربینات الغازیة على مبداء • Cycle

Rankineمبداء محطات التولید التقلیدیة على تعمل • Cycle

• Brayton cycle less efficient than Rankine Cycle

Gas Turbine History (cont’d)التقدم في استمر التقدم بتحسین كفاءة التوربین الغازي عن طریق لذلك•

Aerodynamic design, الغازات دینامیكا علم

Combustion control,االحتراق عملیة في التحكم

Compressor and turbine blade design, العنافات تصمیم

Metallurgyعالیة درجات تتحمل مواد ایجاد ( المعادن علم(

Closer tolerances between rotating blades and stationaryparts. كذلك و الضاغط مراحل بین ) الھواء تھریب ( الضیاعات تقلقل .التوربین

نتیجة امكانیة رفع حرارة % 35) اكبر من (كفاءة التوربین الغازي اصبحت تفوق •.مدخل التوربین

Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) History

عام السابقة 20اصبحت منتشرة وواسعة اآلستخدام خالل.

GTG, STG and HRSG المستخدمة في محطات التولید اكثر كفاءة من محطات التولید. البخاریة

اقل تكلفة Less capital cost

بالمقارنة باالستطاعة ( اقل تكلفة بناء و زمن البناء اقلMW (

بالمقارنة باالستطاعة ( اقل ) أرض(تحتاج الى مساحةMW (

بالمقارنة باالستطاعة ( ) تلوث الھواء ( اقل انبعاثاتMW (

Power Plant Formsاشكـال محطــات الطــاقــة -5

Power Plant Conceptionمفھـوم محطــات الطــاقــة -4

الجــزء األول

المحطــــة الحـــراریــــة

Conventional Steam Power Plant

المكونات األساسیة للمحطات الحراریة

:تتكون المحطات الحراریة بشكل رئیسي ممایلي

Boiler )غالیة(مرجل • (or Reactor)

Steam Turbineتوربین بخاري • and Condenser

Boiler Feed Pumpمضخة تغذیة •

Cooling Systemمكثف •

Balance of Plant Equipment (e.g., fuel system, waterاألنظمة المساعدة •

treatment plant)

Rankine Cycle Diagram

Rankine Cycle - Basic T-s Diagram

Rankine Cycle – T-s Diagram with Superheat

الجــزء الثـانـي

الـدورة البسیطـــة

Simple Cycle Power Plant

المكونات األساسیة لمحطات الدورة البسیطة

Compressorالضــاغــط •

Combustorغـرفــة األحتـراق •

Turbineالتــوربیــن الغـــازي •

Accessory Drive Assemblyاألنظمـــة المســاعـــدة •

Gas Turbine SC Schematic

Brayton Cycle

COMPRESSOR

COMBUSTIONCHAMBER

EXHAUST

TURBINE

1-2 compression process : یزید الضغط و یقل الحجم

1-2 compression process

Brayton Cycle

2-3 Combustion process:

الوقود فترتفع الحرارة مع ثبات الضغط/یحترق مزیج الھواء

2-3 Combustion process

Brayton Cycle

3-4 Turbine (Expansion):

3-4 Turbine (Expansion):.تتحول الى طاقة حركیة تحرك التوربین و المولد) عاليضغط حرارة عالیة و (الطاقة المختزنة في الغازات

Brayton Cycle

1-2 compression process : pressure increased & volume reduced.

2-3 Combustion process: fuel air mixture burns, temp & volume increase under constant pressure.

3-4 Turbine (Expansion):The hot gas which storing energy is converted to work inside the turbine(rotation, speed and torque).

4-1 Exhaust air rejected & new air is induced. الغازات العادمة تطرح الى الجو.

Brayton CycleSimple Cycle Power Plant

Brayton Cycle T-s Diagram

الجـــزء الثـالـث

الـــدورة المـــركبــة

COMBINED CYCLE

Combined

Part #1 with Part #2

الـــدورة المـــركبــة

COMBINED CYCLE

+ CC Plant

Combined Cycle Power Plant

المكونات األساسیة لمحطات الدورة المركبة

تتكون الدورة البسیطة بشكل رئیسي ممایلي:(CTG)توربین غازي مع مولد •

Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG)مرجل •

Steam Turbine Generator (STG)توربین بخاري مع مولد •

cooled)watercooled or airCondenser (eitherمكثف •

Balance of Plant (BOP) equipmentاألنظمة المساعدة •

Combined Cycle Components

Gas Turbine (Brayton) CycleCTGتوربین غازي مع مولد •

) الدورة البسیطة(الغازات العادمة تطرح الى الجو •

Steam and Steam Turbine (Rankine) Cycleم توجة الغازات العادمة الى المرجل إلنتاج بخار محمص یستخد•

. النتاج الكھرباء بواسطة التوربین البخاري

. تتطلب مضخات و مكثف و نظام تبرید•

Combined Cycle Schematic (Diagram)

Cycles Comparison

Combined Cycle T-h Diagram

This represents theheat recovered fromthe HRSG anddelivered as steam tothe steam turbine.

Combined Cycle

Overview the Process

Schematic Drawing

Combined Cycle Overview

Combined Cycle Advantages

Reliability (compared with conventional plants). Higher availability.

Flexibility

Reduced Maintenance

Reduced Environmental Impact.

Reduced Costs

• Less capital equipment than conventional steam power plants

• Significantly reduced construction time

Reduced Maintenance

Reduced Environmental Impact

• Low NOx burners used on modern gas turbines

• Further NOx reduction by use of Selective Catalytic Reduction

(SCR) with ammonia injection on HRSG

Combined Cycle Advantages

Part #2:

Gas Turbine Major Components

1) Gas Turbine Overview.

2) Major Components

Air Intake system.• Inlet System• Pulse System • Anti Icing system

Air Compressor• Inlet Guide Vane (IGV)• Blowoff (bleed) Valves.• Surge Protection (Discussion)

3) Combustion Chamber

4) Turbine Section

Gas Turbine Topics to be discussed

1) Gas Turbine Overview.

Gas Turbine

GT Simple Cycle Power Plant

Gas Turbine SC Schematic

Gas Turbine Line Schematic

Gas Turbine (Typical Industrial GT)

األجــزاء الــرئیسیـــة

Illustrative Section of a GT

Schematic for Major Components

2) Major Components

Air Intake System

Gas Turbine

Air intake System

Air system provide the required air for:

Combustion.

Reduce the temperature of combustion products to certain limit (accepted temp.)

Turbine rotor cooling

Seal lubrication system

Operate the control system

Air intake System

What is the function of air intake system?

• Air filtration helps prevent internal component deterioration

• Air modification helps increase turbine performance

Air intake System

Inlet screen: prevents entry of birds, papers,…

Pre-filter: removes medium size particles

High efficiency filter: removes fine particles

Filters are being cleaned by a reverse flow of air through the filters

Air intake System

Pulse System

Air Puls للتنظیف

الھواء المراد فلترتة

فلتر ھواء

ھواء نظیف

ھواء من ظاغط منفصل

یعمل النظام بشكل اوتوماتیكي على االقل مرة واحدة في الیوم

Air intake System

OperationNormal Self Cleaning is Active

Evaporative cooler can be installed in the inlet duct to cool the temperature of the incoming air to improve the gas turbine performance.

Through the use of treated water, the incoming air is exposed to a water baffle which cools the air. This makes the air more dense, improving the turbine output power.

Air intake System

Water Injection (Inlet Ducting)

(Anti Icing system مــانـع تشكـل الجلیـد )

یستخدم لحمایة الفالتر)Filters and Intake Duct ( اثناء التشغیل تحت.ظروف جویة ذات درجات حرترة منخفظة لمنع تشكل الجلید

یتكون نظام مانع تشكل الجلید من:

الساخن انبوب تزوید الھواء)Supply pipe(

رئیسيصمام امان )Shut off Valve (

تحكمصمام )Control Valve (

Air intake System

مبدا عمل ھذا النظام:

و ذلك في ھذا النظام على التحكم في درجة حراره الھواء الداخلیعملحال تدني درجة حرارة الھواء الداخل یتم إضافة ھواء ساخن

یجلب الھواء الساخن من مخرج الضاغط للوحدة الغازیھ ,الیھلمدخل الھواء من الجانب العلوي للفالتر و من خالل مرشات ھواء

. ساخن یتم خلط الھواء الساخن مع الھواء الداخل

ال یتم التحكم بكمیة الھواءالساخن الداخل من خاللControl valve

Anti Icing system

Air intake System

م5+م الى 5 -یعمل ھذا النظام مابین

Air intake System

Anti Icing system

2) Major Components

Compressor Section

Gas Turbine

Air Compressor

The role of the air compressor in a gas turbine is basically to provideand compress enough air for

Combustion chamber,

Cooling purposes,

Sealing.

Air CompressorThe Role

Impeller Diffuser Manifold

Centrifugal CompressorsAxial Compressors

Rotor Blades

Stator Vanes

Air CompressorType of Air Compressors

• Centrifugal compressor consists of an impeller, a diffuser and a manifold

• Compressor receives air at the center of the impeller in an axial direction

• Air is accelerated outward by centrifugal reaction to its rotational speed

• Air is then allowed to expand into divergent duct, called a diffuser

• According to Bernoulli’s Principle, as the air spreads, its speed slows and static pressure builds

• The manifold distributes the air in a turbulence free condition to the combustion section

Advantages: High pressure rise per stage,Good Efficiency, Simplicity of manufacture,Low cost, Low weight, Low starting powerrequirements

Disadvantages: Large frontal area for agiven flow, More than two stages is notpractical because of energy lossesbetween stages

Air CompressorCentrifugal Compressors (Principles of Operation)

• Airflow and compression occur parallel to the rotational axis of compressor

• Axial Compressor consists of a series of rotor blades and stator vanes

• A rotor and the following stator make up a stage

• Several stages are combined to make up the complete compressor

• Each rotor consists of a set of blades fitted into a disk

• Kinetic energy of the rotor is transferred to the air

• Stator vanes are placed to the rear of the rotor blades

• Stator vanes receive the air at high velocity and act as a diffuser, changing kinetic to

potential energy (Pressure)

• Stator vanes have a secondary function of directing airflow to the next stage of

compressor at the desired angle

Air CompressorAxial Compressor (Principles of Operation)

Pressure and Velocity Variation in Axial Compressors

• Velocity increase through rotor blades isequal to velocity decrease through stator vanes

• Pressure, however, increases continuouslythrough rotor blades and stator vanes

• Rotating blades transfer the kineticenergy of the rotor to the airflow.

• Stationary vanes convert the airflowkinetic energy to pressure

Air Compressor

Pressure and Velocity Variation in Axial Compressors

Air Compressor

The compressor rotor is assembled by vertically stacking the wheels.

First, the forward stub shaft and first wheel are put with tie bolts in place.

Then, each wheel is placed vertically over the tie bolts.

Air Compressor

و تنظم كمیة الھواء الالزمة للحتراق وبالتاليتتحكم التحكم بدرجة حرارة االحتراق

1 Pivot pin

2 Airfoil

6 Stationary blade carrier

7 Outer ring

8 Inner ring

Air CompressorVariable inlet guide vanes (IGV)

Surge phenomenon

Surge Protection

Air Compressor

Topics to be discussed:

What is the surge?

What is the effect of surge?

Surge control system.

Air Compressor

What is the surge? Surge is the phenomenon of momentary,

periodic fluctuations in the discharge pressureof compressor air.

It occurs during acceleration, at a point whenthe compressor begins to discharge air fasterthan it can suck air in.

This condition causes low-pressure pockets to form inside the compressor.

Since higher pressures tend to flow toward lower pressures, the discharge air will flow back into the compressor to fill the low-pressure pockets.

Air Compressor

What is the effect of surge?

As discharge air flows backinto the compressor, it gainsmore heat during the secondpressurization. If thisrepeated, air temperaturewould rise to destructivelevels.

Surge will cause sever axialmovement of the rotor in bothdirections (i.e. axial vibration).This condition will cause rapidfailure in the thrust bearingand all internal seals

Air Compressor

As the discharge air flows backinto the compressor, air is bledfrom an inter-stage location tothe exhaust collector, thuspreventing the back-flowing airfrom re-pressurizing.

Supply compressor suction withextra air so that compressor-inlet pressure keeps pace withcompressor-discharge pressure.This is done by routing a smallamount of compressor-discharge air back to thecompressor inlet.

Surge control

التحكـــم فـي النظــام..

التشغیل بواسطة الغاز أو الدیزل:%.76الصمامات تفتح خالل بدایة التشغیل و تغلق عند وصول السرعة ل جمیع

اثناء التشغیل المستمر في: .تبقى جمیع الصمامات ھذا النظام مغلقة تماما

السرعةنزول:ق اغالعند (حال ایقاف التوربین عند نزول السرعة عن السرعة المسموحة في تفتح الصمامات

).صمام الوقود

اإلطفاء:Blowoff “خالل اإلطفاء المبرمج تفتح جمیع صمامات .تماما عند إغالق صمامات الوقود “

Trip )االطفاء المفاجىء(ن لسبب ما فإن الصمامات تفتح مباشرة ألن السرعة حتمیا سوف تنزل ع“ Trip “في حال حدوث

. السرع المسموحة

Blowoff (Bleed Valves)

Air Compressor

..التحكــم فـي النظــام

“Compressor Wash”:الضاغطة اثناء تنظیف -إذا كان Manually “” خالل التنظیف من الممكن فتح الصمامات بشكل یدوي

.تنظیفو في حال الفتح یجب إغالقھم بعد االنتھاء من عملیة ال, ھنالك حاجھ لذلك

:الحمایة -Blowoff “یفشل التشغیل في حال لم یفتح أحد صمامات - “..یحدث للتوربین“ Trip” في حال فتح أحد الصمامات خالل انتاج الطاقة فإن -

Air CompressorBlowoff (Bleed Valves)

Blowoff (Bleed Valves)

Air Compressor

Air CompressorBlowoff (Bleed Valves)

2) Major Components

Combustion Chamber

Gas Turbine

Principles of Operation The combustion chamber basically consists of an outer casing, an inner perforated liner, a fuel injection system, and a starting ignition system.

The function is to add heat energy to the flowing gases, thereby expanding and accelerating the gases into the turbine section

When the fuel heat is added, the volume of the gas is increased and, with flow area remaining the same, this causes an acceleration of gases to occur.

Interaction of oxygen molecules and molecules of fuel which are heated to ignition temperatures results in combustion

Proper mixing of air and fuel leads to an efficient functioning of combustion chamber

The combustion chamber must cool hot combustion products to a temperature which the turbine section components can withstand

Combustion Chamber

Flame Tube is

placed inside the air casing.

consists of

a fuel spray

a combustion zone.

a spark plug if necessary

Combustion Chamber

Flame detectors indicate the control system whether or not flame exists in the cans they are mounted on.

Combustion Chamber

Spark Plugs are used to initiate combustion.

In some standard combustors, spark plugs are retractable. They are pushed outward to remove the plug from the flame zone. This ensures a longer life for the spark plug.All rights reserved / Omar Zaareer 2015

This older type combustor consists of multiple outer housing, each with its own perforated inner liner. Each of the multiple combustors (cans) is in effect a separate burner unit.

Multi-Can Combustor Can-Annular Combustor Annular Combustor

Combustion Chamber

This is more common in aircraft engines and consists of an outer case containing multiple liners located radially about the axis of the engine. The liners take air in at the front and discharge it at the rear.

This combustor consists of an outer housing, containing only one liner. Multiple fuel spray nozzles protrude into the liner.

C Bearing

Compressor

TurbineCombustion Chamber

T Bearing

2*8 Hybrid Burners

Combustion Chamber

COMBUSTION CHAMBERS FEATURES

Combustion Chamber

HYBRID BURNER

Combustion Chamber

HYBRID BURNER

Combustion Chamber

HYBRID BURNER

Combustion Chamber

HYBRID BURNER

Combustion Chamber

میزات االحتراق باستخدام premix burner

االنبعاثات )Nox and CO ( اقل بكثیر من حالة

Diffusion

التوزیع الحراري اكثر.انتظاما

التعرض الى االجھاداتالحراریة اقل بكثیر من

.Diffusion حالة

2) Major Components

Turbine Section

Gas Turbine

The role of the turbine section is to transform a major portion of the kinetic energy and heat energy in the exhaust gases into mechanical work, thereby enabling the turbine to drive the compressor and accessories.

The turbine section is bolted to the combustion chamber and contains the turbine wheels and turbine stators.

Recall that the compressor adds energy to air by increasing its pressure. The turbine extracts energy by reducing pressure of the flowing gases

Turbine The Role

Pressure of hot gases leaving the combustion chamber is converted to velocity at the nozzles formed at the trailing edge of the turbine stators vanes and rotor blades.

The turbine stator vanes act as nozzles, increasing velocity and decreasing pressure.

The turbine nozzle assembly is also known as the turbine nozzle, nozzle diaphragm, or the turbine nozzle guide vane assembly.

The turbine stator vanes also direct the gases at the optimum angle into the turbine rotor blades.

The velocity referred to is vectored in a tangential direction rather than axial. This slows the gas flow axially, reducing its reactive power, but adds shaft power to the rotor system.

Turbine Gas Flow Through Stator and Rotor

The turbine wheels are assembled by vertically stacking them. This eliminates sagging. The tie bolts are weighed, numbered and distributed to eliminate imbalance.

The turbine wheels and spacers are slid over the tie bolts and alignments are achieved by rabbet fits between the pieces.

The forward stub shaft is then placed over the tie bolts.

Turbine

The first stage buckets are installed initially by inserting the first bucket into the dovetail slot made in the wheel.

The remainder of the buckets are installed in this fashion around the wheel.

The second and third stage buckets are installed as a 360 degree ring. The ring is placed into the wheel gradually.

Turbine

Cooling techniques are employed to maintain the skin of the blades at acceptable temperatures.

Air is the main coolant fluid which can be extracted from the compressor, ducted to the turbine blade and used as a coolant.

Turbine

Part #3:

Simple Cycle Improvement

3All rights reserved / Omar Zaareer 2015

Improvements to the Simple Cycle

Regeneration

netoutputwork

Regenerator

Compressor Turbine Power Turbine

Combustor

Intercooling

netoutputwork

Compressor 1 Turbine Power Turbine

Combustor

Intercooler

Compressor 2

Reheating

netoutputwork

Turbine Power Turbine

Combustor

Compressor

Reheater

Single Shaft

netoutputwork

Turbine

Combustor

Compressor

Double Shaft

netoutputwork

Combustor

Compressor

Double Shaft (Output at Compressor End)

netoutputwork

Combustor

Compressor

Triple Shaft

netoutputwork

Turbine 2 Power Turbine

Combustor

Compressor 2 Turbine 1Compressor 1

Part #5:

Gas Turbine Maintenance

Omar Zaareer 20153/2/2015

• Recommended Running Hours between Inspections

• Factors that effect Maintenance Cycles

Gas Turbine Maintenance

Agenda

• GT Maintenance Considerations

• Typical Inspection Scopes

• Factors That Affect the Maintenance Cycle

• Conclusion

• Questions

GT Maintenance Considerations

• All GTs require regular maintenance.

• A typical maintenance regime is given below: -

• Combustion inspection every 8,000 – 12,000 hrs or 800 starts

• Hot gas path inspection every 24,000 hrs or 1200 starts

• Major Inspection every 48,000 hrs or 2400 starts

• Inspections may have other titles such as A,B or C inspections, or Level 1,2 or 3 inspections.

• The intention is the same.

GT Maintenance ConsiderationsMajor Inspection

H.G.P.Inspection

CombustionInspection

Inspection Scopes

• The combustion inspection

– The most frequent inspection, looks at: -

– Fuel nozzles, combustion liners, transition pieces

• Hot Gas Path Inspection

– Includes a combustion inspection and the following: -

– Turbine stage rotating and stationary parts

• Major Inspection

– Includes all of the above inspections plus a compressor and bearing inspection.

Factors That Affect the Maintenance Cycle

• The period between inspections will shorten if: -

• The fuel used is not natural gas• Gas oil will reduce the cycle time by a factor of 1.5

• Heavy fuel oil may do so by a factor of up to 4

• Each peak load operational hr may count as 20 normal hrs.

• The unit is not in base load operation• The number of starts may call for inspection before the hours

limitation is reached.

• An emergency start may count as 2 normal starts.

• Trip from full load may count as 8 normal starts

Factors That Affect the Maintenance CycleOperational Duty

• Cyclic operation – peak lopping

• Thermo-mechanical fatigue, TMF, because of simultaneous fluctuations in load and temperature.

• In phase TMF is when max strain and temperature coincide.

• High cycle fatigue – subjected repeatedly to unsteady load and temperature conditions.

• Rubs and wear.

Factors That Affect the Maintenance Cycle

Firing Temperature.

– Notionally, one hour of peak firing will have the same effect as six hours at base load firing temperature.

– Peak firing temperature is usually a turbine inlet temperature increase of around 50oc.

– The degradation mechanisms are dependant upon the number of peak hours run and the frequency of peak firing selection.

Conclusion

• Gas turbine fatigue and wear mechanisms are highly dependant on: -– Operational duty

– Fuel selection

– The environment.

• The OEM’s guidelines are just that - guidelines!

• Careful review of the condition of each individual GT is required and a programme made based on the behaviour of that individual unit.

Gas TurbineOperating Procedures

ATCMKV-1

SPEEDTRONIC Mark V Annunciator Troubleshooting Chart

CRT Display Alarm Message, Logic & No. Cause ActionÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L30HRX3ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁL30AC_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁL30AF_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L63CTSL_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

(Not Used)ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L63ADLA ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

A.A. Diff. Press Low,Auto Xfer to Dist

Problem with atomizingair system.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Investigate atomizing airsystem.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L63ADL_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Atomizing Air Diff. Pressure Low

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Atomizing air compressornot providing adequatepressure.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check atomizing air system.

L26AAH_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Atomizing Air Temp.High

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Failure of atomizingprecooler louvers to openand close.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check water supply to theatomizing air precooler,isolating valve position flowrestrictions.

L86S ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Auto Synchronizing Lockout

Auto synchronizingself-checking system hasdetected a synchronizingequipment abnormality.

Investigate synchronizationsystem to determine exactcause of problem.

L83COMF ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Auto Xfer to Dist. Communicator Failure

Communication link withauto transfer to distillatesystem failed.

Check auto transfer todistillate components andcommunication system.

L52HQ_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Auxiliary Hydraulic OilPump Motor Running

Accessory gear-drivenhydraulic pump has notsupplied sufficientpressure because of leaksor failure of pump.

Check hydraulic system.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L52QA_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Auxiliary Lube Oil PumpMotor Running

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

The main accessory geardriven lube oil pump issupplying insufficient lubeoil pressure due to pumpfailure or leaks

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Examine main lube pump.Check pump output and mainlube filters for leaks orplugging.

L49X_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Auxiliary Motor OverloadÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

One of the auxiliarymotors is overloaded.

Check auxiliary motors todetermine which motor isoverloaded and the cause ofthe overloading.

L52QS_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Auxiliary Seal Oil PumpRunning

Insufficient pressure frommain seal oil supplypump.

Check seal oil supply systemcomponents.

Operating ProceduresGas Turbine

ATCMKV-2

CRT Display Alarm Message, Logic & No. ActionCauseÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Battery 125 VDC GroundÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Insulation failure hasresulted in a ground on the125 VDC system.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Isolate and remove groundfrom the system.

L27BLN_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Battery Charger ACUndervoltage

Battery charger ACundervoltage.

Check battery charger ACbreaker. Check voltagemagnitude.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Battery DC UndervoltageÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Battery system voltage islow. Battery charger is notfunctioning properly,excessive drain on thebatteries, or bad cells inbattery.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check battery charger forproper operation, correctexcessive drain on battery,check for bad cells. The gasturbine should not be operatedunless DC power is availableto the emergency DC lube oilpump.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L30LOAÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Bearing DrainTemperature High

High bearing draintemperature.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check lube oil feed and drainpiping.

Bearing MetalTemperature High

Bearing or lube oilproblem.

Check bearings and lube oilsystem.

L27VVN_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Black Start InverterTrouble

The black start inverteroutput voltage has gonelow, ignition power hasbeen transferred to theMCC 12 VAC.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Troubleshoot black startinverter.

L27BN_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Bus Undervoltage – No Auto Synch

Bus synchronizingpotential not available.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check bus PT fuses andwiring. Do not use autosynchronizing or manualsynchronizing until problemis resolved.

L28FD_SD ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Chamber Flamed OutDuring Shutdown

Flame loss during firedshutdown period.

Investigate cause and remedybefore restarting turbine.Monitor vibration on the wayup.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L30SPA ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Combustion Trouble ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Faulty thermocouples, gaspath hardware or unevendistribution of fuel to thefuel nozzles.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Analyze data for trends. Atearliest shutdown checkthermocouples. Performborescope or combustioninspection. Check flowdivider fuel pressures. Checkfor plugged nozzles.

LCOM_B_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Common IOCommunication Loss

<C> processor is nolonger communicating.

Check <C> power supplycard and cabling.

ATCMKV-3

CRT Display Alarm Message, Logic & No. ActionCauseÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L86CB1ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Compressor Bleed ValvePosition Trouble

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Compressor bleed valveshave not operatedproperly. They are in thewrong position or requiredan excessive amount oftime to move from oneposition to the other.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Investigate problem. Theproblem should be correctedbefore restarting. The MasterReset switch must be pressedbefore restarting.

L86TCIÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Compressor InletThermocouples Disagree

Bad thermocouple signal.Thermocouples in theinlet have failed, shortedor open.

Check thermocouples andwiring and replace faultythermocouple(s).

L26CTH_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Control Panel Temp HighÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Air conditions notmaintaining propertemperature.

Check air conditioners.

L12HFÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Control Speed Signal Loss - HP

Machine tripped due toloss of speed signal.

Check wiring to speedpickups.

L12HFD_CÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Control Speed SignalTrouble - HP

HP speed pickup votingmismatch in <C>.

Check and recalibrate HPspeed pickups.

L12HFD_P ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Control Speed SignalTrouble - HP

HP speed pickup votingmismatch in .

Check and recalibrate HPspeed pickups.

L12LF ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Control Speed SignalTrouble - LP

LP speed pickup votingmismatch.

Check and recalibrate LPspeed pickups.

L30CD ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Cooldown Trouble ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Unit failed to go oncooldown, or thecooldown cycle wasaborted prior to cooldowntimer timeout.

Check ratchet system.Monitor vibration whencooldown cycle is reinitiated.

L52FC_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Cooling Fan MotorBreaker Open

Cooling fan motor did notstart.

Check cooling fan motormodule in PECC.

L71WL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Cooling Water Level LowÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Cooling water tank levellow.

Check cooling water systemfor leaks.

L63QQ3H_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Coupling Oil Filter DiffPressure High

Clogged filter. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Replace filter.

L3CP_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Customer Start InhibitÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Customer contact inputnot enabled.

Check customer’s permissive.

L4CT_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Customer TripÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Customer trips input to theL4CT logic have causedan automatic trip of theunit.

Determine which of thecustomer trip devices causedthe trip and correct.

Customer-Specific Alarms <C>

ATCMKV-4

CRT Display Alarm Message, Logic & No. ActionCauseÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Customer-Specific Alarms <Q>

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L27QEL_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

DC Motor Undervoltage(Lube Oil)

DC power not supplied toemergency DC lubepump.

Check power to DC lubepump (MCC breaker on). Thegas turbine should not beoperated unless DC power isavailable to the emergencyDC lube pump.

L30DIAG_C ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diagnostic Alarm <C> ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

The microprocessor self-checking program hasuncovered a control panelproblem.

Call up diagnostic display.

L30DIAG_Q ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diagnostic Alarm <Q>ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

The microprocessorself-checking program hasuncovered a control panelproblem.

Call up diagnostic display.

L26DWH_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diesel Engine CoolingWater Temp High

Diesel cooling watertemperature is high.

Check diesel cooling watersystem.

L2DWZ2 ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diesel Failure to BreakTurbine Away

Diesel was unable toaccelerate to maximumrpm.

Check diesel. Check dieselmaximum torque solenoid.

L48DSX ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diesel Failure to Start ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diesel has failure to start.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check diesel fuel tank.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L4DEY_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diesel Failure to StopÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diesel should stopautomatically after a 5minute cooldown period.

Check diesel stop solenoid20DV.

L63QDN_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diesel Lube Oil Pressure Low

Diesel lube oil pressure islow.

Check diesel lube oil system.

L83DT1ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Diesel Test Mode Selected

Indication that diesel testpushbutton permissive hasbeen activated.

Test mode should bedeselected once the test iscomplete.

L63LF2H_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Distillate Fuel FilterDifferential Pressure High

Clogged filter.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Replace filter.

L26FD1H_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Distillate FuelTemperature High

Possible cooling systemproblem.

Check temperature sensor andcooling system.

L12HÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Electrical Overspeed Trip - HP

The speed control systemhas not limited HP turbinespeed within the triplimits.

Isolate problem and correct.

ATCMKV-5

CRT Display Alarm Message, Logic & No. ActionCauseÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L12LÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Electrical Overspeed Trip - LP

The speed control systemhas not limited LP turbinespeed within the triplimits.

L72QEZ_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Emergency Lube OilPump Motor Running

Loss of AC power to mainlube oil pumps.

Determine cause of AC powerloss.

L72ES_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Emergency Seal Oil Pump Running

Generator seal oil pressureis low.

Check main and auxiliary sealoil supply systemcomponents.

L59E_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exciter OvervoltageÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Excessive field volts havebeen detected.

Check exciter.

L94EKÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exciter Rect CoolingTrouble - Trip 52G

Breaker has tripped andmachine is at FSNLbecause of problem withexciter rectifier cooling.

Investigate exciter rectifiercooling system.

L26SFH_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exciter Rectifier BridgeTemp High

Possible cooling systemproblem.

Check exciter rectifier coolingsystem.

L86TXT_CÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust OvertemperatureTrip <C>

Turbine has tripped due tohigh median exhausttemperature.

Investigate.

L86TXTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust OvertemperatureTrip

The temperature controlsystem has not limitedexhaust temperaturewithin the trip limits.

L63TK_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust Frame CoolingAir Pressure Low

Exhaust frame blowermotor not operating. Airpassages blocked.

Check motor operation.Inspect cooling air flowpassages.

L90TKLÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust Frame CoolingSystem Trouble - Unload

Exhaust frame coolingfans 88TK-1,2 problem orsystem problem.

Investigate exhaust framecooling system.

L63EAH_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust Pressure HighAlarm

Exhaust pressure has risenabove recommendedlevels.

Inspect exhaust filter andducting for blockage.

L63ETHÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust Pressure HighTrip

Exhaust pressure has risenabove the trip level.

Inspect exhaust filter andducting for blockage.

L63ETHX_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust Pressure SwitchTrouble

Bad signal from exhaustpressure switch.

Check switches and switchwiring.

ATCMKV-6

L30TXAÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust TemperatureHigh

The exhaust gastemperature is excessive.

Check all thermocouples.Replace any badthermocouples. If problem isnot thermocouples, isolateportion of Control Systemcausing the problem.

L30TXA_C ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust TemperatureHigh <C>

High median exhausttemperature calculated in<C>.

Lower load to reduce exhausttemperature. Investigate.

L30SPTA ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust ThermocoupleTrouble

Faulty thermocouple. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check thermocouples.

L86TFB ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Exhaust ThermocouplesOpen Trip

Excessive number ofthermocouples notconnected.

Check and reconnectthermocouples.

L63FLZ_FLT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Failure to Establish Liquid Fuel Press.

Liquid fuel forwardingsystem problem.

Check that power is beingsupplied to liquid fuelforwarding pump/motor.Troubleshoot per systemcomponents per instructions.

L30FD_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Failure to IgniteÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Failure to fire within theone minute period.

Check that ac power issupplied to the ignitionsystem.

L62TT2_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Failure to StartÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

The master protectivelogic signal “L4” has notbeen set within 30 secondsof the start signal, hastripped the unit twice or, ifthe unit is operating inremote, flame was notestablished after two tries.

Check all signals making upthe L4 logic signal todetermine which caused theproblem, or determine causeof lack of flameestablishment.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L3ZÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Failure to SynchronizeÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Unit did not synchronizeand close generatorbreaker within the normalexpected time (15seconds).

Check all signals goingmaking up the L4 logic signalto determine which caused theproblem or determine thecause of lack of flameestablishment.

L45FTX2_ALML45FTX1_ALM

Fire in Zone #1 or Zone #2 Trip

Fire in the turbine oraccessory compartment.

Restarting after an operationof the CO2 system requiresthat the CO2 system be reset,including all doors anddampers, and the CO2 releasemechanism.

ATCMKV-7

CRT Display Alarm Message, Logic & No. ActionCauseÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L45FAX_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Fire Protection SystemInoperative

CO2 pressure or controlproblem.

Check fire protection system.

L28FD_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Flame Detector TroubleÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

One of the detectorsoperating when no flameis present.

Check for proper operation ofthe flame detection system.Check that the flame detectorquartz window are clean.

L60FSRGÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

FSR Gag Not at MaxLimit

Manual FSR control hasnot been reset to aposition where it will notinterfere with automaticFSR control.

Raise the manual FSR controlto maximum.

L3GCVFLT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Control Valve ServoTrouble

The gas control valvefeedback signal isabnormal.

Check LVDT.

L63HGL_SENSR ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Fuel HydraulicPressure Switch Trouble

Bad signal from hydraulicpressure switch.

Check switch and switchwiring.

L63HGL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Fuel Hydraulic TripPressure Low

Low oil pressure in gasfuel hydraulic oil tripcircuit.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check the control oil filterand control oil piping. Thisalarm will actuate if theturbine is tripped with themanual emergency trip valveon the turbine or a large leakwere to occur in the hydraulictrip circuit piping.

L3GFIVP ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Fuel IntervalvePressure Trouble

Pressure sensed betweenthe gas control valve andthe speed ratio valve isabnormal.

Check GRV control system,intervalve vent, and pressuretransducer.

L63PGFT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Fuel Nozzle PurgeSystem Pressure High

Problem with valves. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Determine cause of incorrectvalve positioning.

L94PGT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Fuel Nozzle PurgeSystem Trouble Trip

Either VA13-1 or -2 or20VG-2 are stuck openand machine has tripped.Gas may be backingthrough the system.

Check valves for cause.Correct positioning prior torefire.

L33PGFT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Fuel Nozzle PurgeValve Fail to Close

VA13-1 or -2 areobstructed.

Check valves to removeobstruction to resume purge.

L33PGO_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Fuel Nozzle PurgeValve Fail to Open

No atomizing air flow;VPR44-1 stuck.

Check valve.

L63FGL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Fuel Pressure Low ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas fuel pressure toturbine has been sensed aslow.

Check cause of low supplypressure.

ATCMKV-8

L3GRVFLTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gas Ratio Valve PositionServo Trouble

The gas ratio valvefeedback signal isabnormal.

Check LVDT.

L63CA3L_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gen Air Filter CleanerPressure Low

Generator air inlet filtercleaning system problems.

Check air inlet filter cleaningcomponents.

L43HPA_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gen Purge System onManual Control

Operator has selectedmanual control.

Change to automatic control.

L52GA_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Gen. Inlet Air DirtSeparator Not Running

Generator inlet air dirtseparator malfunction.

Check separator motor forproper operation. Checksupply system wiring.

L63GFH_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator Air Filter HighPressure Drop

High pressure differentialacross generator air inletfilters.

Inspect and clean/changefilter elements, as required.

L63BQL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator BearingVacuum Low

Generator bearings aresealed by vacuum. Thisalarm indicates a potentialproblem with the sealingsystem.

Investigate generator bearingsealing system.

L52G_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator BreakerTripped

Generator breaker hasbeen tripped by anautomatic protectivedevice or manually.

Determine device that trippedthe breaker.

L63GKL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator CasingHydrogen Press. Low

Low hydrogen pressure ingenerator.

Check hydrogen supplysystem.

L71WGH_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator Casing LiquidLevel High

Liquids have accumulatedin bottom of generator.

Remove liquids, check forleaks and take action toprevent recurrence ofproblem.

L33GCC_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator CO2 DoorTrouble

Generator CO2 door isclosed.

Door must be opened and thelatch reset.

L86TGT_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator DifferentialTrip

A generator panelprotective device hastripped the 86G lockoutrelay.

Determine which protectivedevice tripped the 86G andcorrect the abnormality thatprecipitated the trip.

L64F_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator Field GroundÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

A ground on the generatorfield has been detected.

Operation of the generatorwith the field grounded is notrecommended as a secondground could result inexcessive damage to thegenerator field.

ATCMKV-9

CRT Display Alarm Message, Logic & No. ActionCauseÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L94H_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator HydrogenPurge Shutdown

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Shutdown initiated due toone or more hydrogensystem problems, e.g.,hydrogen purity has fallento shutdown level.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check hydrogen cabinet forundervoltage. Checkhydrogen control switch inmaintenance/auto. Check andrestore hydrogen purity.Check seal unit. If puritycontinues to deteriorate, apossible hazard condition maydevelop.

L49GH_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator Stator TempHigh

Generator statortemperature is excessivecaused by lack of coolingor overload.

The generator should not beoperated when the statortemperature is excessive.Check cooling system, reduceoverload on generator.

L94GEN ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Generator VentilationTrouble Shutdown

Temperature in generatorcompartment exceedslimits. Vent fansinoperable or insufficientto handle ventilationrequirements.

Check generator ventilationsystem for proper fan/motoroperation. Check ventilationdampers for properoperation/position.

L63FU2LAÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Heavy Fuel Pressure Low,Auto Xfer to Dist

Problem with heavy fuelsystem.

Investigate heavy fuel system.

L26FU2LAÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Heavy Fuel Temp Low,Auto Xfer to Dist

Problem with heavy fuelsystem.

Investigate heavy fuel system.

L3FUZÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Heavy Fuel TransferPermissive Trouble

Turbine unable to transferto heavy fuel.

Check heavy fuel system. Besure fuel is warm andfree-flowing.

L30SPTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

High Exhaust Temp.Spread Trip

Faulty thermocouples, gaspath parts or unevendistribution of fuel to thefuel nozzles.

Analyze data for trends.Perform borescope orcombustion inspection. Checkflow divider, fuel pressures.Check for plugged nozzles.

L39VAÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

High Vibration AlarmÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

High vibration at one ormore bearings.

Monitor vibration readings.

L39VTX_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

High Vibration Trip orShutdown

High vibration due tobowed rotor, mechanicalimbalance, bearing failure,etc.

Check that the hydraulicratchet is operating properly.Check for mechanicalfailures, observe vibrationlevel on the next startup.

L30TNH_DIFF ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

HP Speed SignalDifferential Alarm

One of the HP speedsensors is showing adifferent speed than theother two.

Check HP speed pickups.

ATCMKV-10

L63HF1H_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Hydraulic FilterDifferential Pressure High

Loss of fluid pressure anddeterioration of fluid puritymay result. Change filter.

L86HDÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Hydraulic ProtectiveTrouble

One second after thehydraulic oil trip isinitiated either the liquidfuel stop valve is notclosed or the hydraulictrip pressure (63HG,63HL) has not decreasedsufficiently.

Check operation of 20FL and20HD servos.

L63HQ1L_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Hydraulic Supply Pressure Low

Hydraulic supply pressureis low.

Check hydraulic supplypressure filter and differentialpressure gauge, regulatingvalve or pump.

L27GHN_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Hydrogen Control PanelUndervoltage

Ac power supply voltagelow.

Check power supply forproper operations. Checkwiring.

L63GL_GH_AL ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Hydrogen Pressure Highor Low (Gen)

High machine gaspressure or low manifoldgas pressure.

Check generator hydrogensystem.

L63HHL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Hydrogen Pressure Low(Skid)

Hydrogen supply skidpressure low.

Check skid components forproper operation.

L30HPÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Hydrogen Purity TroubleÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Bad generator hydrogenpurity or purity pressure.

Check generator hydrogensystem.

LWLX4MINÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Injection to Fuel RatioLow-Four MinuteAverage

Steam (water) injectionflow four minute averagelow.

Check steam (water) injectionsystem.

LWLXHR Injection to Fuel RatioLow-Hourly Average

Steam (water) injectionflow one hour averagelow.

L86GVAÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Inlet Guide Vane ControlTrouble Alarm

IGV control systemproblem.

Check IGV control system.

L4IGVT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Inlet Guide Vane ControlTrouble Trip

IGV control systemproblem.

Check IGV control system.

L3IGVFLT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Inlet Guide Vane PositionServo Trouble

Incorrect servo operation.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check servos.

L30TNI_DIFF ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

IP Speed SignalDif ferential Alarm

One of the IP speedsensors is showing adifferent speed than theothers.

Check IP speed pickups.

ATCMKV-1 1

L71WG_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Detected inGenerator

Excessive liquid in bottomof generator.

Remove liquid and takecorrective action to preventrecurrence of problem.

L3LFLTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Fuel Control FaultÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid fuel checkingsystem has detected anabnormal servo or LVDTposition or signal.

Determine abnormalcondition by reading signals(L3LFLT1 to L3LFLT5).

L63LF1H_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Fuel FilterDif ferential Pressure High

Clogged filter. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L30FQL_DIFF ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Fuel FlowDifferential Alarm

Speed pickups on flowdivider disagree.

Check and recalibrate speedpickups.

L63HL_SENSRÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Fuel HydraulicPressure Switch Trouble

Bad signal from hydraulicpressure switch.

Check switch and switchwiring.

L63HLL_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Fuel HydraulicTrip Pressure Low

Low oil pressure in liquidfuel hydraulic oil tripcircuit.

Check the control oil filterand control oil piping. Thisalarm will actuate if theturbine is tripped with themanual emergency trip valveon the turbine or a large leakwere to occur in the hydraulictrip circuit piping.

L63FLZ_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Fuel Pressure LowÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid fuel forwardingsystem problem.

Check fuel forwarding systemcomponents for properoperation. Check liquid fuelforwarding piping for leaks.

L3LFP_FLTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Fuel Pump ControlTrouble

Problem with one or morecontrol devices.

Troubleshoot liquid fuelpump control components todetermine problem andcorrect.

L33FL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Fuel Stop ValveFailure to Open

Valve or control failure. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check operation of VSI andcontrols.

L26FL2LAÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Liquid Fuel Temp Low,Auto Xfer to Dist

Heavy fuel temperature islow. Unit has beenautomatically transferredto distillate fuel operation.

Check heavy fuel supplyheating equipment.

L3TFLT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Loss of CompressorDischarge Pressure Bias

Bad signal fromcompressor dischargepressure transmitter.

Check transmitter andassociated connections forproper bias signal.

L3DWRF ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Loss of External SetpointLoad Signal

ATCMKV-12

L28FDTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Loss of Flame TripÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Failure of one of thedetectors to detect flame.

Check for following: fuelbeing supplied to thecombustors, flame in allchambers, damaged crossfiretubes, or combustors. Checkfor proper control valveposition and fuel pressure.

L63QTXÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Low Lube Oil PressureTrip

Lube oil pressure hasfallen below the trip level.

Determine cause and correctbefore restarting unit.

L30TNL_DIFF ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

LP Speed SignalDifferential Alarm

One of the LP speedsensors is showing adifferent speed than theother two.

Check HP speed pickups.

L26QA_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube Oil Header TempHigh

Lube header temperatureabove recommendedlimits.

Check for proper operation ofthe lube oil heat exchangers,cooling water fans (properrotation) and temperatureregulating valve.

L26QT_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube Oil Header TempHigh Trip

Lube header temperatureabove recommendedlimits.

Check for proper operation ofthe lube oil heat exchangers,cooling water fans (properrotation) and temperatureregulating valve.

L71QH_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube Oil Level High ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube oil tank level high.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Investigate cause of high levelalarm and restore normallevel.

L71QL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube Oil Level Low ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube oil tank level low.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check for leaks, restorenormal level.

L63QA1L_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube Oil Pressure LowÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube system leaks orpump trouble.

Repair leaks or pump.

L63QT_SENSR ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube Oil Pressure SwitchTrouble

Bad signal from lube oilpressure switch.

L26QN_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube Oil TankTemperature Low

Lube tank temperaturebelow recommendedlimits (see pipingschematic).

Check for proper operation ofthe lube oil tank heaters.Starting is inhibited if the tanktemperature is low.

L26QT_SENSR ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Lube Oil TemperatureSwitch Trouble

Bad signal from lube oiltemperature switch.

L63QQ1H_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Main LO Filter DiffPressure High

ATCMKV-13

CRT Display Alarm Message, Logic & No. ActionCauseÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L43MAINTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Maintenance - ForcingMode Enable

Auto calibrate, memorychanging or logic forcingmode of operation hasbeen selected.

When done with theoperation, deselect theoperation.

L86MAN_SYNC ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Manual SynchronizingLockout

Manual synch lockout hasbeen selected on CRT.Breaker will not close.

Determine why manual synchhas been locked out. Resetusing Master Resetpushbutton on CRT.

L5E_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Manual Trip ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

The emergency stoppushbutton has beenpressed.

Correct abnormality thatcaused the operator to pushthe emergency stoppushbutton.

L86MP ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Master Protective StartupLockout

Within the turbine controlpanel the threemicroprocessor controllersR, S and T are indisagreement for theproper condition of theMaster Protective logic“4X”.

Determine which controller isin disagreement with the othertwo.

L27MC1N_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

MCC Undervoltage ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Motor control centerundervoltage.

Check that power is suppliedto the motor control center.

L30LTA ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

No. 3 BearingTemperature High

High number 3 bearingtemperature.

Check lube oil feed and drainpiping.

L33BS_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

No. 3 Drain ValvePosition Trouble

Valve incorrectlypositioned.

Check drain valve operations.

L3NZFLTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Nozzle Control ServoTrouble

Problem with secondstage nozzle servo.

Check servo wiring andhydraulic oil system.

L43DIAG_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Off-Line DiagnosticsRunning

Off-line diagnosticoperation has beenselected.

Do not start unit untildiagnostics are complete.

L3WCTIM_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

On Line Water WashInhibited

Ambient temperature isbelow 50 deg F.

Wait to water wash untilambient temperature is higher.

L12HBLT_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Overspeed Bolt Trip - HPÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

The speed control systemhas not limited turbinespeed within the triplimits.

L83HOSTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Overspeed Test ModeSelected - HP

HP overspeed trip beingtested.

See “Overspeed Trip Checks”section of text.

L83LOST ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Overspeed Test ModeSelected - LP

LP overspeed trip beingchecked.

See “Overspeed Trip Checks”section of text.

ATCMKV-14

L30EKÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Prim Exciter Rect CoolingFan Trouble

Problem with primaryexciter rectifier coolingfan.

Determine and correctproblem with primary exciterrectifier cooling fan.

L4ETR_FLTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Protective Module ETRRelay Trouble

Trip due to masterprotective relay (4’s)circuit has a problem.

Isolate ProtectiveModule and correct theproblem.

L12H_P_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Protective ModuleOverspeed Trip - HP

module HPoverspeed trip.

Investigate cause ofoverspeed.

L12L_P_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Protective ModuleOverspeed Trip - LP

module LP overspeedtrip.

Investigate cause ofoverspeed.

L12LF_OS ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Protective Speed SignalTrouble - LP

LP speed pickup votingmismatch in .

Check and recalibrate LPspeed pickups.

L30HRX2 ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Ratchet Did Not Start ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Ratchet did not initiate aratchet stroke in theprescribed time.

Check ratchet permissives.

L49HR1A_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Ratchet Motor OverloadÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Ratchet motor overload.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check ratchet motor overload(MCC). Check for properoperation of ratchetmechanism.

L30HRX1 ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Ratchet Trouble ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Ratchet did not complete aprescribed motion innormal time.

Check for proper operation ofratchet mechanism.

L30RHFLTX ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Relative Humidity SensorFault

Humidity sensor failure.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check sensor and wiring.

R5E_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Remote Emergency TripÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Unit was tripped with theremote emergency trippushbutton.

Investigate and correct causeof trip. Manually resetpushbutton.

L63SAL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Seal Oil Diff. PressureLow

Low seal oil pressureacross bearings.

Check seal oil system.

L63ST ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Seal Oil Diff. PressureLow Shutdown

Seal oil pressure acrossbearings has reachedshutdown setpoint.

Correct seal oil systemproblem before restarting.

L71SDH_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Seal Oil Drain LiquidLevel High

Seal oil drain systemproblem.

Check generator seal oil drainsystem.

L63STX_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Seal Oil Press. ShutdownSwitch Trouble

Bad signal from seal oilpressure switch.

L30WC_LAGÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Standby Cooling WaterPump Running

Either low cooling waterpressure, or a problemwith the main coolingwater pump.

Investigate problem withcooling water system or maincooling water pump.

ATCMKV-15

L30FD_LAGÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Standby Dist Fuel FwdPump Running

Low distillate fuelpressure or problem withmain dist fuel fwd pump.

Investigate fuel forwardingsystem and main pump.

L4DTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Starting Device LockoutÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L3SMT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Starting Device Trip ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

The turbine has beentripped because thestarting device has failedto start the turbine.

Note where in the startsequence the turbine trippedto aid in determining cause oftrip. Check the suspectsystem.

Starting Motor BreakerDid Not Pick Up

Cranking motor did notstart.

Check limitamp forenergizing or overload.

L4CRTÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Starting Motor BreakerDid Not Pick Up

Starting motor did notstart.

Checking starting motormodule in PECC.

L49CR_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Starting Motor Overload ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Starting motor is showingan overload.

Investigate starting motorcircuits.

L86CRTX ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Starting Motor ProtectiveLockout

Cranking motor circuitelectrical fault.

Clear fault and reset 88CR.

L2SFT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Startup Fuel FlowExcessive Trip

Excessive fuel for startuphas been detected. For gasfuel the gas control valveis open too far.

Check the servo and feedbacksignals for proper operation.

L30EKR ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Stby Exciter Rect CoolingFan Running

Problem with primaryexciter rectifier coolingfan.

Determine and correctproblem with primary exciterrectifier cooling fan.

L60APHA_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Augmentation -High Pressure

High steam pressure. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Reduce steam pressure.

L60APHT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Augmentation -High Pressure Trip

Steam augmentationsystem tripped due to highpressure.

Correct problem beforerestarting steamaugmentation.

L60ATHT ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Augmentation -High Temp. Trip

Steam augmentationsystem tripped due to hightemperature.

L60ATHA_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Augmentation -High Temperature

High steam temperature.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Reduce steam temperature.

L60APLA_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Augmentation -Low Pressure

Low steam pressure.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Increase steam pressure.

L60ALPT_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Augmentation -Low Pressure Trip

Steam augmentationsystem tripped due to lowpressure.

ATCMKV-16

L60ATLT_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Augmentation -Low Temp. Trip

Steam augmentationsystem tripped due to lowtemperature.

L60ATLA_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Augmentation -Low Temperature

Low steam temperature.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Increase steam temperature.

L60WL1_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Flow HighÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Excessive steam flow.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check steam system.

L60WQPL_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Flow High LockoutÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Excessive steam flow.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Correct problem beforerestarting.

L30SJ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Injection NotSelected

NOx control steaminjection systeminoperative.

Select Steam Injection on CRT.

L60SPHA_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Pressure High ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

High steam pressure.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Reduce steam pressure.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L60SPHT_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Pressure HighLockout

High steam pressure.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Correct steam pressure beforerestarting.

L60SPLA_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Pressure Low ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Low steam pressure. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Increase steam pressure.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L60SPLT_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Pressure LowLockout

Low steam pressure.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Correct steam pressure beforerestarting.

L60STHA_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Temperature HighÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

High steam temperature.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Reduce steam temperature.

L60STHT_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Temperature HighLockout

High steam temperature.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Correct steam temperaturebefore restarting.

L60STLA_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Temperature LowÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Low steam temperature.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Increase steam temperature.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

L60STLT_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam Temperature LowLockout

Low steam temperature.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Correct steam temperaturebefore restarting.

LWLXHR ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Steam to Fuel Ratio Low– Hourly Average

Steam (water) injectionflow one hour averagelow.

L63QQ2H_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Trip Oil Filter DiffPressure High

Clogged filter. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Replace filter.

L63TF1H_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Turbine Air InletDif ferential PressureAlarm

Clogged filter. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Replace filter.

L63TFH_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Turbine Air InletDif ferential PressureShut-Down

Clogged or iced filter. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Determine cause of blockage.

L63TFH_SENSR ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Turbine Air InletDifferential PressureSwitch Trouble

Bad signal fromdifferential pressureswitch.

Check switch calibration andswitch wiring.

ATCMKV-17

L30TFXÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Turbine Air Inlet TroubleÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Inlet filter excessivepressure drop or inletfilter motor overloaded orinlet compartment bypassdoor is not in properposition.

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check the following:

Inlet filter for blockage.

Inlet filter motor for properoperation.

Inlet house bypass door.

L26BT1H_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Turbine CompartmentTemp High

Compartment temperatureexcessive.

Check cooling air fan forproper operation.

L83KU_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Turbine CompressorAbrasive CleaningSelected

Compressor beingcleaned.

Turn function off whencleaning is complete.

L48 ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Turbine IncompleteSequence

Failure of unit to reachcomplete sequence.

Check equipment which iscausing the problem in thenormal sequence.

L3A ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Turbine Underspeed ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Turbine has bogged down.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Reduce the load that will beapplied to the generatorbefore reclosing the generatorbreaker.

L39VD3_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Vibration – Start Inhibit ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Vibration protectionsystem problem.

Check vibration protectionsystem.

L39VDIFF ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Vibration DifferentialTrouble

Vibration protectionsystem problem.

Check vibration protectionsystem.

L39VD1 ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Vibration Sensor DisabledÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Signal from vibrationsensor is faulty.

Check vibration sensors andwiring.

L39VFÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Vibration TransducerFault

Vibration detectorimpedance is not withinnormal bounds.

Check impedance of eachvibration detector.

L3WFD_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Flow FeedbackTrouble

A disagreement betweenthe water flow sensors hasbeen detected.

Determine failed sensor andreplace.

L86WN3ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Flow High LockoutÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water injection systemlocked out due toexcessive water flow.This is dangerous becauseit could extinguish flame.

Investigate water injectionsystem.

L3WFLT_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Flow SensorTrouble

Water flow sensorsdisagree.

Recalibrate or replace faultyflow sensor.

L86WN1 ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Inj Suction PressureHigh Lockout

High supply pressure. ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check water supply system.

L86WN2ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Injection DischargePressure Low Lockout

Low supply pressure.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check water supply system.

ATCMKV-18

L30WNÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Injection NotSelected

NOx control waterinjection systeminoperative.

Select Water Injection on CRT.

L26JS2H_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Skid EnclosureTemperature High

Failure of exhaust fan.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check exhaust fan/motorcomponents for properoperation.

L26ALL_ALMÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Skid EnclosureTemperature Low

Failure of heaters.ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Check heater and blower forproper operation.

L86WN4ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water System TroubleLockout

Water injection system notready for use.

Check water injection systemcomponents.

L3WSFLT_ALM ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Valve LVDTTrouble

Water valve LVDTsdisagree.

Recalibrate or replace faultyLVDT.

L30TWW ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Water Wash InhibitWheelspace Temp High

Turbine not sufficientlycooled before attemptingwater wash.

Allow turbine to cool tospecification prior toselection.

L30WSA1 ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Wheelspace TempDif ferential High

Excessive differentialbetween wheelspacethermocouples.

Check thermocouples forshorts, grounds or opens.Replace failures. If conditionpersists investigate for sealfailure.

L30WSA2ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

Wheelspace TemperatureHigh

ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

High wheelspace temperature.

Check thermocouples, investigate for seal failure.

Questions

Part#6

Startup \ Shutdown تشغیل وإیقافالتوربینة الغازیة

GT precondition for startup & check points: الشروط االولیة ما قبل عملیةالتشغیل

Ensure all permits to work related to GT clear and no any body in the gas turbine and there is no tools in it .( جمیع اذونات العمل على التوربینة مغلقة)

All electrical panels energized & available ) جمیع الكبائن الكھربائیة مشحونة وجاھزة(

Control cabinets energized and operation )جمیع كبائن التحكم في العمل

All fluids system available and normal level and temperature جمیع المنظومات مثل زیت.التزییت والتحكم وغیره جاھزة وضمن المعاییر الطبیعیة بالنسبة للحرارة والضغط .

Fire fighting system healthy & energized جمیع انظمة االطفاء والحریق جاھزة وفعالة

No alarms on alarm list.التأكد من عدم وجود اي تحذیرات على شاشات التحكم للتوربینة الغازیة

Check all doors of the unit in operation position .(filter of air inlet ……) التأكد من جمیعاالبواب للمعدات واالنظمة في الموقع مثل نظام مدخل الھواء وغیرھا

IGV in auto and remote mode. نظام توجیھ الھواء انھ على وضع اتوماتیك والتحكم بھ من من التاكد غرفة المراقبة

GT precondition for startup & check points: الشروط االولیة ما قبل عملیةالتشغیل

Auto shut down or trip signal must to be acknowledged اي اشارة سابقة من اطفاء سابق او بسبب توقف مفاجىء یجب عمل لھا قبل عملیة التشغیل reset

SFC not failed .التاكد من نظام بادىء الحركة انھ جاھز

Excitation system not failed .التأكد من نظام التحریض انھ جاھز

Power grid available التاكد من جاھزیة الشبكة الستقبال الطاقة

Ready to start with green color اشارة ان التوریبنة جاھزة للتشغیل تكون باللون االخضر

GT START Up تشغیل التوربینة الغازیة

المعدة المةلس وذلك إجراءات عدة اتخاذ یجب الغازیة التوربینة تشغیل بدیة عند الغازیة نةللتوربی المساعدة األنظمة جمیع تشغیل من التأكد یجب حیث والمشغل

في دالعمو تدویر ومنظومة المولد تبرید ومنظومة التزییت زیت منظومة مثل مثل عدةالمسا األنظمة تشغیل من التأكد یتم الغازیة التربینة تشغیل بدایة

تدویر ومةمنظ تشغیل من التأكد ثم المولد تبرید ومنظومة الزیت تبرید منظومة إیقافو تشغیل في التحكم نافذة بواسطة التوربینة تشغیل ثم ومن العمود

یتم إن ىإل بخطوة خطوة التشغیل خطوات تتبع یمكن حیث الغازیة التوربینة.الشبكة على المولد ربط

لمنظومات السابقة على تشغیل جمیع ابالتأكید یقوم نظام التحكم تشغیل التوربینة وعند فات وإیقاف منظومة تسخین ملإلى الضاغط الھواء دخول من فتح بوابة التأكد ثم

:التالیةالمولد ثم تتم الخطوات

ر غلق صمام تصریف الوقود الخاص بغرفة االحتراق ثم إیقاف منظومة تدوی10% بالضاغط بنسبة فتح الخاصة العمود وفتح ریش التوجیھ

الحركة للوحدةتشغیل نظام بدءSFC

عندھا یتم فتح صمام اإلیقاف االضطراري لمنظومة لفة بالدقیقة 350أكثر منإلى ربینة والتتصل سرعة عندما

ویتم تشغیل 23% بنسبة فتح Pilot line ثم یتم فتح صمام التحكم لخط حقن الوقودESV الوقود الغازي

.االحتراقنظام القدح للحراقات لیتم االشتعال في غرفة

سرعةعند RPM 500یتم إیقاف مضخة رفع العمود

SFC یتم إیقاف منظومة بدء تشغیل الوحدة عندھا RPM 2200 تصل السرعة إلىعندما

.التحریضوتشغیل نظام 2و 1یتم إغالق صمامات نزف الھواء المرحلة عندھا RPM 2900 تصل عندماالسرعة إلى

سرعةوعند RPM 2970 3إغالق صمام نزف الھواء المرحلة یتم

تشغیل نظام التوافق لربط المولد مع الشبكة وتحمیل المولد یتم RPM3000 سرعةوعند

% 100ریشفتح ریش التوجیھ تدریجیا إلى إن تصل نسبة فتح یتم درجة مئویة 526 وعندما تصل حرارة العادم أكثر منإلى

.لعادمعندھا یتم انتقال متحكم التوربینة من وضع التحكم بالحمل الى وضع المتحكم بحرارة ا

Start-up (typical sequence with liquid fuel)

SEQL9ESTD 1

SEQL9ESTD 2

SEQL9ESTD 3

Shutdown (typical sequence with liquid fuel)

SEQL9ESTD 4

SEQL9ESTD 5

Shutdown (typical sequence with liquid fuel)

Gas Turbine Start-up Curve - Cold Start-up منحنى تشغیل التوربینة الغازیة من

Gas Turbine Start-up Curve – WARM Start-up منحنى تشغیل التوربینة الغازیة من

GT START UP

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

TIME [s]

NG-STOP VALVE

GT speed

SFC OFF

First gradient

Second gradient

NG stop valveSpeed

controller

active

Start up function active

GT LOADING/UNLOADING GRADIENTS معدلبعد الدمج مع الشبكة MWالتحمیل

NORMAL: الطبیعي 11 MW/min

FAST: السریع 15 MW/min

SLOW: البطيء 4 MW/min (between base and peak load)

Shutdownالتوربینة إیقاف إیقاف دعندالمول مفتاح فتح یتم إن إلى تدریجیا المولد أحمال تخفیض یتم

ماتصما جمیع غلق یتم ثم الشبكة من المولد وعزل و وغلق التوربینةdiffusionالوقود لخطي التحكم lineوpilot lineصمام وغلق ESV500 سرعة وعند الھواء نزف صمامات وفتح RPM مضخة تشغیل یتم تشغیل یتم180RPM من اقل الى السرعة تصل وعندما العمود رفع

Turning( العمود تدویر منظومة gear operation(دقیقة130 وبعد ومضخة المساعدة المضخة بتشغیل وذلك تلقائیا الزیت نظام فحص یعمل

.جاھزیتھما من التاكد بعد اطفائھما ثم الطوارىء

GT Shutdown اطفاء التوربینة الغازیة

Gas Turbine Shutdown Curve – منحنى ایقاف التوربینة الغازیة

GT Shutdown اطفاء التوربینة الغازیة

part one gas

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