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www.osram-oled.com
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and
General Illumination
Dr. Thomas Wehlus, Senior Manager
Head of OLED Research and Innovation
Light is OSRAM
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
2
AUDI A8 Sketch
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
3
AUDI A8
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
4
AUDI A8
© AUDI – Source: AUDI Media Center
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
5
Mercedes S-Class
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
6
Outline
1. OLEDs are in the Automotive market – how did they get there?
2. The future is flexible – what does it mean for Automotive and GI?
3. Concepts for the flexible OLEDs of the future.
c
Tail light: OLED
Back-up light: LED
Audi TT RS2016
- 2019
c
BMW M4 GTS2016
BMW M4 CS2017
c
BMW M4 ConceptCES 2015
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
7
OLED @ OSRAM
Track Record
2006 2008 2012 2016
Launch of OLED lighting
activity in Regensburg
World’s first commercial OLED
luminaire “Early Future”
2010 2014
BMW M4 GTS & Audi
TT RS first cars with
OLED rear light
First Automotive
milestone: 1600 h
LT70 @ 50°C
R&D Efficiency record:
62 lm/W (real white OLED)
Award winning
luminaire “Airabesc”
GI eng. samples from
pilot line: 65 lm/W @
3000 cd/m², 15 kh LT70
Opening of OLED pilot
line in Regensburg
ISO9001 and ISO14001
certification
TS16949 Audit (Letter of
Conformity received)
Pre-Pilot production launch
Showcar BMW
M4 Iconic lights
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
8
Automotive Requirements
“Easy jobs” – Lifetime & Electro-Optics
Up to 20 years usage life
~ 8,000 hrs operating life
Few 100 cd/m² for interior ambient
Up to 3000 cd/m² sufficient for exterior
White: ~25-30 lm/w (= Hal level) sufficient
Red: Consensus on even lower levels (~12lm/w)
Highly flexible (3000 – 5500K) / CRI dependent
“Challenges” – esp. reliability criteria
The pure operating life is moderate
Up to 20 years storage life
(incl. Stability against humidity)
Temperature profiles ranging up to
minimum 85°C and higher
Stability against sunlight exposure
Luminance requirements are moderate
Efficacy levels
Color white Deep red OLEDs require high current
densities due to eye sensitivity
OSRAM OLED solved these problems:
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
9
Automotive vs.
General Illumination requirements
1.000 hrs Operational Lifetime 50.000 hrs
10 years Product Lifetime (Storage) 20 years
25°C High Temperature Requirements 105°C
15 lm/W Electro-Optics >100 lm/W
Low Environmental and Sunlight Exposure high
Automotive General Illumination
General Illumination Automotive
General Illumination Automotive
Automotive General Illumination
AutomotiveGeneral Illumination
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
10
Outline
1. OLEDs are in the Automotive market – how did they get there?
2. The future is flexible – what does it mean for Automotive and GI?
3. Concepts for the flexible OLEDs of the future.
c
Tail light: OLED
Back-up light: LED
Audi TT RS
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
11
Technology decisions
There are several options for
the right deposition method (R-2-R vs. S-2-S) for now its S-2-S
the right stack technology (vapor vs. liquid) for now its vapor deposition
the right encapsulation method for now its thin-film encap with protective foil
the right substrate
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
12
Possible substrates
Ultra-Thin-Glass, Metal foil and Plastic foil with barrier are available as substrates:
© Schott
Plastic foil with barrier
Metal foilUltra-Thin-Glass
Requirement
UT
G
Me
tal fo
il
Pla
stic
foil w
.
Barrie
r
Flexible Yes Yes Yes
Hermetic Yes Yes Yes*1
Transparent Yes No Yes
Handling Hard Easy Hard*
1 needs to get better.
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
13
Automotive Requirements
High temperature
operation
Lifetime at elevated
temperatures
Temperature Requirements for AM
LT70 6kh / 8 kh at
1200nits / 1000nits,
within mission
temperature profile
High temperature
storage
Storage at elevated
temperatures
>3.000h at 95°C
(accelerated testing
conditions)
>1000 h at 105°C
Requirement
UT
G
Me
tal fo
il
Pla
stic
foil w
.
Barrie
r
Thermal Stability Good Good Low2
Maximum Temperature High High Low2
Heat Spreading Low3 High Low3
2 commercially available barrier foil3 external heat-spreader possible
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
14
Environmental exposure as major challenge
Harsh environ-
mental conditions
Storage at elevated
humidity & temp.,
corrosive gases, etc.
H2SSO2 NO2
>10 years under de-
fined environmental
condition; negotiated
failure criteria
Charging during
handling and
evaporation
Electrostatic
charging
Can lead to device
failure
Requirement
UT
G
Me
tal fo
il
Pla
stic
foil w
.
Barrie
r
Chemical Stability Good Medium4 Good
Electrostatic charging High Low High
4 protective coating available.
Automotive Requirements
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
15
Importance for GI
Requirement
UT
G
Me
tal fo
il
Pla
stic
foil w
.
Barrie
r
Flexible Yes Yes Yes
Hermetic Yes Yes Yes*
Transparent Yes No Yes
Chemical Stability Good Medium Good
Thermal stability Good Good Low
Maximum Temperature High High Low
Heat Spreading Low High Low
Handling Hard Easy Hard*
Electrostatic charging High Low High
If transparency is required, UTG or Plastic w. barrier are equally promising.
If not – metal foil is the best.
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
16
Importance for Automotive
Requirement
UT
G
Me
tal fo
il
Pla
stic
foil w
.
Barrie
r
Flexible Yes Yes Yes
Hermetic Yes Yes Yes*
Transparent Yes No Yes
Chemical Stability Good Medium Good
Thermal stability Good Good Low
Maximum Temperature High High Low
Heat Spreading Low High Low
Handling Hard Easy Hard*
Electrostatic charging High Low High
Tail light: OLED
Back-up light: LED
Metal foil is the best for Automotive. If Transparency is required UTG follows.
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
17
Outline
1. OLEDs are in the Automotive market – how did they get there?
2. The future is flexible – what does it mean for Automotive and GI?
3. Concepts for the flexible OLEDs of the future.
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
18
Substrate topics and beyond
Flexible OLED needs
to become Automotive ready.
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
19
1.) 3D Design
4.) Tail Light Evaluation
2.) OLED Development, Fabrication & Testing
Currentdensity
Voltage
+_
3.) Modulisation & Tail Light Fabrication
Multiple steps from design to final evaluation
Feasibility & Design:
R2D2 Research Project
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
20
R2D2:
Development of 2D OLED for 3D module
2D OLED layout & simulation of
luminance distribution
Contact
region
Mirror
Anode
Tracing Luminance distribution
• 3D shape requires complex OLED design in 2D
• Luminance homogeneity = optimized to >90% @ 2000cd/m²minmax
minmax1LL
LL
3D design
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
21
Before
Technology for Automotive Readiness 1:
R2D2: Printed Isolation/ Planarisation Layer
Development for compatibility with OLED in harsh conditions
Material & process development
1000h @ 85°C
Now
1000h @ 85°C
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
22
R2D2:
3D module
Hole in
substrate
Incisions in
lighting area
Convex
bending
Concave
bending
Highlighting the design freedom provided by flexible OLED in the future
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
23
R2D2:
Flexible OLED tail light demonstrators
First demonstrator based on OSRAM standard OLED
Final technology demonstrator with new peak design OLED
Curved flexible OLED Flat rigid OLED
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
24
R2D2 Research Project:
Rear light demonstrator with flexible OLEDs
Flexible automotive
technology demonstrator
1st public presentation at 11th International Symposium
on Automotive Lighting (ISAL 2015)
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
25
R2D2 – AM Flexible OLED Demonstrator
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
26
Summary
The future is flexible.
Tail light: OLED
OLEDs are in the
Automotive market
because they fulfill
the Automotive re-
quirements.
Convex bending,
concave bending,
holes in the active
area and incisions
can be realized
with metal foil.
Requirements for flexible
OLEDs are different for GI
and Automotive. Metal foil is
the best substrate for
Automotive while UTG and
plastic are the best choice for
GI.
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
27
2600 cm²
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
28
AUDI A8
© AUDI – Source: AUDI Media Center
Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation
October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting
29
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