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www.osram-oled.com Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination Dr. Thomas Wehlus, Senior Manager Head of OLED Research and Innovation Light is OSRAM

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www.osram-oled.com

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and

General Illumination

Dr. Thomas Wehlus, Senior Manager

Head of OLED Research and Innovation

Light is OSRAM

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

2

AUDI A8 Sketch

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

3

AUDI A8

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

4

AUDI A8

© AUDI – Source: AUDI Media Center

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

5

Mercedes S-Class

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

6

Outline

1. OLEDs are in the Automotive market – how did they get there?

2. The future is flexible – what does it mean for Automotive and GI?

3. Concepts for the flexible OLEDs of the future.

c

Tail light: OLED

Back-up light: LED

Audi TT RS2016

- 2019

c

BMW M4 GTS2016

BMW M4 CS2017

c

BMW M4 ConceptCES 2015

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

7

OLED @ OSRAM

Track Record

2006 2008 2012 2016

Launch of OLED lighting

activity in Regensburg

World’s first commercial OLED

luminaire “Early Future”

2010 2014

BMW M4 GTS & Audi

TT RS first cars with

OLED rear light

First Automotive

milestone: 1600 h

LT70 @ 50°C

R&D Efficiency record:

62 lm/W (real white OLED)

Award winning

luminaire “Airabesc”

GI eng. samples from

pilot line: 65 lm/W @

3000 cd/m², 15 kh LT70

Opening of OLED pilot

line in Regensburg

ISO9001 and ISO14001

certification

TS16949 Audit (Letter of

Conformity received)

Pre-Pilot production launch

Showcar BMW

M4 Iconic lights

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

8

Automotive Requirements

“Easy jobs” – Lifetime & Electro-Optics

Up to 20 years usage life

~ 8,000 hrs operating life

Few 100 cd/m² for interior ambient

Up to 3000 cd/m² sufficient for exterior

White: ~25-30 lm/w (= Hal level) sufficient

Red: Consensus on even lower levels (~12lm/w)

Highly flexible (3000 – 5500K) / CRI dependent

“Challenges” – esp. reliability criteria

The pure operating life is moderate

Up to 20 years storage life

(incl. Stability against humidity)

Temperature profiles ranging up to

minimum 85°C and higher

Stability against sunlight exposure

Luminance requirements are moderate

Efficacy levels

Color white Deep red OLEDs require high current

densities due to eye sensitivity

OSRAM OLED solved these problems:

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

9

Automotive vs.

General Illumination requirements

1.000 hrs Operational Lifetime 50.000 hrs

10 years Product Lifetime (Storage) 20 years

25°C High Temperature Requirements 105°C

15 lm/W Electro-Optics >100 lm/W

Low Environmental and Sunlight Exposure high

Automotive General Illumination

General Illumination Automotive

General Illumination Automotive

Automotive General Illumination

AutomotiveGeneral Illumination

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

10

Outline

1. OLEDs are in the Automotive market – how did they get there?

2. The future is flexible – what does it mean for Automotive and GI?

3. Concepts for the flexible OLEDs of the future.

c

Tail light: OLED

Back-up light: LED

Audi TT RS

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

11

Technology decisions

There are several options for

the right deposition method (R-2-R vs. S-2-S) for now its S-2-S

the right stack technology (vapor vs. liquid) for now its vapor deposition

the right encapsulation method for now its thin-film encap with protective foil

the right substrate

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

12

Possible substrates

Ultra-Thin-Glass, Metal foil and Plastic foil with barrier are available as substrates:

© Schott

Plastic foil with barrier

Metal foilUltra-Thin-Glass

Requirement

UT

G

Me

tal fo

il

Pla

stic

foil w

.

Barrie

r

Flexible Yes Yes Yes

Hermetic Yes Yes Yes*1

Transparent Yes No Yes

Handling Hard Easy Hard*

1 needs to get better.

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

13

Automotive Requirements

High temperature

operation

Lifetime at elevated

temperatures

Temperature Requirements for AM

LT70 6kh / 8 kh at

1200nits / 1000nits,

within mission

temperature profile

High temperature

storage

Storage at elevated

temperatures

>3.000h at 95°C

(accelerated testing

conditions)

>1000 h at 105°C

Requirement

UT

G

Me

tal fo

il

Pla

stic

foil w

.

Barrie

r

Thermal Stability Good Good Low2

Maximum Temperature High High Low2

Heat Spreading Low3 High Low3

2 commercially available barrier foil3 external heat-spreader possible

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

14

Environmental exposure as major challenge

Harsh environ-

mental conditions

Storage at elevated

humidity & temp.,

corrosive gases, etc.

H2SSO2 NO2

>10 years under de-

fined environmental

condition; negotiated

failure criteria

Charging during

handling and

evaporation

Electrostatic

charging

Can lead to device

failure

Requirement

UT

G

Me

tal fo

il

Pla

stic

foil w

.

Barrie

r

Chemical Stability Good Medium4 Good

Electrostatic charging High Low High

4 protective coating available.

Automotive Requirements

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

15

Importance for GI

Requirement

UT

G

Me

tal fo

il

Pla

stic

foil w

.

Barrie

r

Flexible Yes Yes Yes

Hermetic Yes Yes Yes*

Transparent Yes No Yes

Chemical Stability Good Medium Good

Thermal stability Good Good Low

Maximum Temperature High High Low

Heat Spreading Low High Low

Handling Hard Easy Hard*

Electrostatic charging High Low High

If transparency is required, UTG or Plastic w. barrier are equally promising.

If not – metal foil is the best.

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

16

Importance for Automotive

Requirement

UT

G

Me

tal fo

il

Pla

stic

foil w

.

Barrie

r

Flexible Yes Yes Yes

Hermetic Yes Yes Yes*

Transparent Yes No Yes

Chemical Stability Good Medium Good

Thermal stability Good Good Low

Maximum Temperature High High Low

Heat Spreading Low High Low

Handling Hard Easy Hard*

Electrostatic charging High Low High

Tail light: OLED

Back-up light: LED

Metal foil is the best for Automotive. If Transparency is required UTG follows.

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

17

Outline

1. OLEDs are in the Automotive market – how did they get there?

2. The future is flexible – what does it mean for Automotive and GI?

3. Concepts for the flexible OLEDs of the future.

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

18

Substrate topics and beyond

Flexible OLED needs

to become Automotive ready.

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

19

1.) 3D Design

4.) Tail Light Evaluation

2.) OLED Development, Fabrication & Testing

Currentdensity

Voltage

+_

3.) Modulisation & Tail Light Fabrication

Multiple steps from design to final evaluation

Feasibility & Design:

R2D2 Research Project

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

20

R2D2:

Development of 2D OLED for 3D module

2D OLED layout & simulation of

luminance distribution

Contact

region

Mirror

Anode

Tracing Luminance distribution

• 3D shape requires complex OLED design in 2D

• Luminance homogeneity = optimized to >90% @ 2000cd/m²minmax

minmax1LL

LL

3D design

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

21

Before

Technology for Automotive Readiness 1:

R2D2: Printed Isolation/ Planarisation Layer

Development for compatibility with OLED in harsh conditions

Material & process development

1000h @ 85°C

Now

1000h @ 85°C

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

22

R2D2:

3D module

Hole in

substrate

Incisions in

lighting area

Convex

bending

Concave

bending

Highlighting the design freedom provided by flexible OLED in the future

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

23

R2D2:

Flexible OLED tail light demonstrators

First demonstrator based on OSRAM standard OLED

Final technology demonstrator with new peak design OLED

Curved flexible OLED Flat rigid OLED

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

24

R2D2 Research Project:

Rear light demonstrator with flexible OLEDs

Flexible automotive

technology demonstrator

1st public presentation at 11th International Symposium

on Automotive Lighting (ISAL 2015)

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

25

R2D2 – AM Flexible OLED Demonstrator

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

26

Summary

The future is flexible.

Tail light: OLED

OLEDs are in the

Automotive market

because they fulfill

the Automotive re-

quirements.

Convex bending,

concave bending,

holes in the active

area and incisions

can be realized

with metal foil.

Requirements for flexible

OLEDs are different for GI

and Automotive. Metal foil is

the best substrate for

Automotive while UTG and

plastic are the best choice for

GI.

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

27

2600 cm²

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

28

AUDI A8

© AUDI – Source: AUDI Media Center

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

29

Flexible OLEDs for Automotive Lighting and General Illumination | OSRAM OLED R&D Research & Innovation

October 2017 – DOE SSL OLED stakeholder meeting

30

Are there any questions?

Dr. Thomas Wehlus, Senior Manager

Head of OLED R&D Research and Innovation

[email protected]