final .....seminar ppt

BiodieselPresented byRajeev Kumar

(16900713076)Rupesh

Kumar(16900713082)

Contents

Introduction Production

Chemistry Of Biodiesel Transesterification

Applications Advantages Disadvantages Properties Myths and facts Conclusion

INTRODUCTION Today, Automobile industries are focusing on pollution (indirectly on global warming) and saving non-renewable.

Bio diesel is one of the best solution of above mentioned problems.

Since it is a renewable energy, produce less emission and it is successfully implemented on existing systems (cars).

PRODUCTION Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain  alkyl and esters.

Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids (e.g., vegetable oil, soybean oil, animal fat) with an alcohol producing  fatty acid esters.

PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION CHEMISTRY OF BIODIESEL

• Biodiesel is made from the combination of a triglyceride with a monohydroxy alcohol (i.e. methanol, ethanol…).

• What is a triglyceride? Made from a combination of glycerol and three fatty acids:

PRODUCTION Transesterification

• First step, triglyceride turned into diglyceride, methoxide (minus Na) joins freed FA to make biodiesel, Na joins OH from water (from methoxide formation) to make NaOH. Other H joins the diglyceride.

H O H | | |HCOR1 H HCO H O | | | | |HCOOR2 + HCONa +H2O CHOOR2 + HCOR1 + NaOH | | | |HCOR3 H HCOR3 H | | | | H O H OTriglyceride + Methoxide + H2O Diglyceride + Biodiesel + NaOH

Material balance of biodiesel

sc APPLICATIONS1. Distribution

2. Vehicular use and manufacturer acceptance

3. Railway usage

4 .Aircraft use

5. As a heating oil

6. Cleaning oil spills

7. Biodiesel in generators

sc ADVANTAGESBio diesel is environmental friendly.

It can help reduce dependency on foreign oil.

It helps to lubricate the engine itself, decreasing engine wear.

It offers similar power to diesel fuel.

It is safer than conventional diesel.

sc DISADVANTAGES

1. Expansive

2. Additional energy requirement

3. Effect on engine

4. Environmental consideration

sc PROPERTIES1. High Lubricity

2. High Electrical conductivity

3. Cold flow impact (Cloud point)

4. High Cetane Number

5. High Flash point

sc MYTHS AND FACTSMyth: Biodiesel doesn't perform as well as diesel. Fact: One of the major advantages of Biodiesel is that it can be used in existing engines & fuel injection equipment with little impact to operating performance.

Myth: Biodiesel doesn't have self sufficient life.Fact: A longer self life is possible depending upon self composition & use of storage enhancing additives.

sc MYTHS AND FACTSMyth: Engine warranty coverage would be at risk.Fact: The use of biodiesel in existing engines does not void parts & material workmanship warranties of any major US engine manufacturer.

Myth: Biodiesel is an experimental fuel & hasnot been thoroughly tested.Fact: Biodiesel is most thoroughly tested alternative fuel in market.

sc CONCLUSIONBiodiesel is safe to handle because it is biodegradable and non-toxic. Biodiesel reduces all the emission. Biodiesel can be used alone or mixed in any amount with petroleum diesel fuel. Biodiesel runs in any conventional, unmodified diesel engine. No engine modifications are necessary to use biodiesel and there is no “engine conversion”. Increased utilization of renewable biofuels results in significant microeconomic benefits to both the urban and rural sectors, and the balance of trade. It is clear that more can be done to utilize domestic surpluses of vegetable oils while enhancing our energy security. Because biodiesel can be manufactured using existing industrial production capacity, and used with conventional equipment, it provides substantial opportunity for immediately addressing our energy security issues.

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