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18/04/23 Broadband 1
Broadband Infrastructure
UNDERSTAND conference
Poznan, 22-23 June 06
Chiara Mancini, Marco Mancini
18/04/23 Broadband 2
Description of broadband domain
Broadband infrastructure: we measure the supply of broadband, that is the extent to which citizens and businesses can use broadband access if desired. The focus here is on availability rather than on take up, as this is covered in other sections.
OECD definition for broadband:downstream services of at least 256Kbps. Further distinction between below, equal and above 2Mbps, which is considered “the real broadband”.
18/04/23 Broadband 4
Methodology
Domain is very difficult to measure, data are considered critical. Multi-dimensional data collection strategy:Direct interviews with:•Telecom/ISP providers in the region
Survey of websites of: •National research networks•Main European telecom access providers•Public administration
Main changes from 2004-2005:
•Investigation on digital divide issues / Definition of rural area
•Investigation on radio/mobile technology
More in general better phrasing of some questions
18/04/23 Broadband 6
Key issues on broadband infrastructure
Issue Comparable with
Broadband coverage OBB, ORTEL
Technology competition ORTEL
Providers competition OBB, ORTEL
National research networks eEurope (Terena)
Private Pan-European networks ESPON
Public Policies ORTEL
Public access points eEurope
Wi-Fi hot spots new
18/04/23 Broadband 7
Broadband coverage
• Broadband is a reality in all the regions for population and businesses (mainly ADSL)
1%
79%
6%
33%
2%
64% 65%
0%
87%87%
<1%
88%
47%.
97%
42%
99%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
ADSL Cable WLL/ LMDS/ WI-FI UMTS
Emilia-Romagna Wielkopolska Comunidad Valenciana Yorkshire & Humber
18/04/23 Broadband 8
Broadband coverage
Bandwidth - in general - is the issue that makes the difference
Citizens and businesses served by access > 2mps downwards
82%
98%
87%
96%
14%
97%
35%
55%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
% of CITIZENS living in areas served by access > 2 Mbpsdownstream
% of BUSINESS in areas served by access > 2 Mbpsdownstream
Emilia-Romagna Wielkopolska Comunidad Valenciana Yorkshire & Humber
18/04/23 Broadband 9
Broadband coverage
Despite that the Digital Divide is still relevant as regard to:
• % of population living in rural areas covered by xDSL
• The coverage of small municipality territory (below 5.000 inh.) in Emilia-Romagna is at 40%, in Comunidad Valenciana at 50%
Emilia-Romagna Wielkopolska
ComunidadValenciana
Yorkshire &Humber
% of CITIZENS livingin RURAL areas reachedby xDSL (populationdensity < 100inhabitants/Km2)
45% 42% 37% 55%
Emilia-Romagna Wielkopolska
ComunidadValenciana
Yorkshire &Humber
% of MUNICIPALITIESBELOW 5.000 inh.reached by xDSL atleast partially
40% 100% 50% na
18/04/23 Broadband 10
Broadband coverage- Trends
• There has been a significant increase from2004 in the % of municipal territory reached fiber optic network (FON), indicating the potentiality for a future more effective coverage
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2004 2005
Emilia-Romagna Yorkshire & Humber Comunidad Valenciana Wielkopolska
18/04/23 Broadband 11
Access points: Hot spots• Hot-spots recorded outstanding growth rates in Yorkshire (461
to 699), in Emilia-Romagna (87 to 175), and less in Comunidad Valenciana (77 to 80) and Wielkopolska (29 to 36). Despite that availability within population is still limited (0,04 to 0,14 per 1000 inh.)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
2004 2005
Emilia-Romagna Yorkshire & Humber Comunidad Valenciana Wielkopolska
18/04/23 Broadband 12
Technology competition
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%ADSL
Fiber
CableWi-Fi or
Wireless LocalLoop
UMTS
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%ADSL
Fiber
CableWi-Fi or
Wireless LocalLoop
UMTS
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%ADSL
Fiber
CableWi-Fi or
Wireless LocalLoop
UMTS
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%ADSL
Fiber
CableWi-Fi or
Wireless LocalLoop
UMTS
Y&HWlkpolska
RER Valencia
18/04/23 Broadband 13
Technology competition
• Competition between technology is NOT widespread for residential access: the % of citizens living in areas served by at least two always on technology over a fixed network in Emilia-Romagna stands at 38%, in Wielkopolska at 23% and in Comunidad Valenciana at 63%.
• The situation improves for enterprises that can more frequently accede to more than one technology over the fixed network as in Emilia-Romagna the value rises at 88%, in Wielkopolska at 34% and at 63% in Comunidad Valenciana
18/04/23 Broadband 14
Providers competition• A relevant number of telecom providers providing broadband services to business and residential can be found in most of the regions: 32 in Comunidad Valenciana, 36 in Emilia-Romagna, 43 in Wielkopolska
• More in general the % of population covered by at least 2 broadband access providers over a fixed network stands at 87% in Emilia-Romagna, 47% in Wielkopolska, 97,3% in Comunidad Valenciana and 50% in Yorkshire and the Humber (LLU is at 38% in Emilia-Romagna, 18%in Wielkopolska, 26,2% in Yorkshire and the Humber)
• Backbone providers are less in number than the providers to the final users ( 18 in Emilia-Romagna, 9 in Wielkopolska, 13 in Comunidad Valenciana, 5 in Yorkshire & the Humber)
18/04/23 Broadband 15
Providers competition
Despite the number of (potential) competitors offering broadband services to the population, the incumbent market share as regard the % of broadband subscribers is still relevant in most regions and seems stable (at least) from one year to the other
N.a.
62%60%
72%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Emilia-Romagna Wielkopolska ComunidadValenciana
Yorkshire &Humber
% of subscribers to the Incumbent services as a percentage of total broadband subscribers in the region
18/04/23 Broadband 16
Broadband coverage
•
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2004 2005
Emilia-Romagna Yorkshire & Humber Comunidad Valenciana Wielkopolska
• As regard mobile technology UMTS recorded outstanding variations in most of the regions with 11% increases in Emilia-Romagna, 27% in Comunidad Valenciana and 19% in Yorkshire and the Humber.
18/04/23 Broadband 17
Different role of national research and education network (NREN)
Connection to broadbandNational Research andEducation Networks(NRENs)
Emilia-Romagna
Wielkopolska ComunidadValenciana
Yorkshire& Humber
Apulia
Number of scientific
and education
institutions permanently
connected to NRENs
57 57 25 2890 19
Number of institutions
connected with more
than 10 Megabits as
minimum guaranteed
speed
25 6 16 53 7
18/04/23 Broadband 18
Pan-european operators
The regional presence of
operators such as Telia,
Colt, etc, shows different
patterns: Valencia and
Yorkshire have 8
operators with many POPs
in the regions,
Wielkopolska and
Emilia-Romagna have 2
and 3. In the Polish
region POPs have
increased significanlty in
the last year
Map source: CURDS 2004,
18/04/23 Broadband 19
Conclusions
• Coverage is now good in standard broadband access provision, now problems lie in:
– Coverage of the “digitally disadvantaged”
– Real broadband (above 2 Mbps) for the majority of population and business.
• Excluding ADSL great differences in technology availability in the regions
• Mobile technology – also radio- are growing fast in all the regions
• Public sector at the local level can play an important role in broadband dissemination
• Competition – is that enough?
• Data on broadband are difficult to collect
• Benchmarking with many more regions would be desirable
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