شگفتی های نانو در طبیعت

در نانو های در شگفتی نانو های شگفتیطبیعتطبیعت

بحرالعلوم ابراهیم بحرالعلوم محمد ابراهیم محمد

مواد مهندسی مواد بخش مهندسی بخشمهندسی مهندسی دانشکده دانشکده

شیراز شیراز دانشگاه دانشگاه

به نام آفریدگار به نام آفریدگار زیبائی هازیبائی ها

Butterfly wings come in a variety of Butterfly wings come in a variety of colours and patternscolours and patterns

Different types of colourDifferent types of colour

• Chemical colour Chemical colour

• Physical (Structural) colourPhysical (Structural) colour

Iridescence in NatureIridescence in Nature

Constructive interference produces physical colours

Colors of a butterfly's wingsColors of a butterfly's wings

The underside of a butterfly wingsChemical colour

The topside of a butterfly wingsPhysical (Stuctural) colour

Light microscopic images

Electron microscopic images×50 ×200 ×1000

×5000

Wing structure and microstructure of a butterfly wing scale

Constructive interference amplifies the colors of a butterfly's wings

Electron microscopic images of a scale of a Electron microscopic images of a scale of a butterfly wing showing its butterfly wing showing its nanostructurenanostructure

SEM micrograph showing a longitudinal view of a scale. Scale bar, 1 μm.

TEM micrograph showing a cross section through the scale. Scale bar, 2.5 μm.

Blue light has a wavelength range from 400 to 480 nm. The slits in the scales of a butterfly wing are 200 nm apart.

Because the distance between slits corresponds to half of the wavelength of blue light, this is the wavelength that undergoes constructive interference.

The colouration of butterfly wings The colouration of butterfly wings serves many purposesserves many purposes

• Camouflage, in which the color of the animal Camouflage, in which the color of the animal helps it blend into the environment, hiding the helps it blend into the environment, hiding the insect. insect.

• Attracting and finding mates, who look for Attracting and finding mates, who look for certain colours and patterns. certain colours and patterns.

The colouration of butterfly wings The colouration of butterfly wings serves many purposesserves many purposes

• Deceiving predators into thinking they're bigger than Deceiving predators into thinking they're bigger than they really are. Some wings make the butterfly look like they really are. Some wings make the butterfly look like the face of a larger animal (like an owl), scaring away the face of a larger animal (like an owl), scaring away some predators. some predators.

• Soaking up heat: dark-colored scales soak up heat very Soaking up heat: dark-colored scales soak up heat very well. Butterflies are cold-blooded. When they get too well. Butterflies are cold-blooded. When they get too cold, they warm themselves in the sun. cold, they warm themselves in the sun.

Nanostructures on black butterfly Nanostructures on black butterfly wings help them to collect sunlight wings help them to collect sunlight

Butterfly wings may rank among the most delicate Butterfly wings may rank among the most delicate nanostructures in nature.nanostructures in nature.

They have given researchers powerful inspiration for They have given researchers powerful inspiration for new solar cell technology.new solar cell technology.

Nanostructure which gives hydrophobic properties

The iridescent colour of a peacock originates in the fine side branches of the feathers.

The actual colour depends on the exact position of the spot on the branch and on the angle of the incident light.

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