aim: was feudalism in japan similar to european feudalism?
DESCRIPTION
I Geography of Japan Japan is an archipelago east of Korea. It consists of 1000s of islands, but 4 main ones. Japan lies on a fault line, and is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire (a circle of volcanic activity in the Pacific Ocean). Japan is very mountainous. Its tallest mountain is Mount Fuji. Only 20% of Japanese land is arable (suitable for farming). Japan’s main natural resources are seafood and rice. The Mongols attacked Japan in 1274 and 1281. Both times their ships were stopped by strong kamikaze winds! Mt. Fuji Rice PaddyTRANSCRIPT
Aim: Was Feudalism in Japan similar to European Feudalism?
Do Now: What do you know about Japan? I Geography of Japan Japan is
an archipelago east of Korea. It consists of 1000s of islands, but
4 main ones. Japan lies on a fault line, and is part of the Pacific
Ring of Fire (a circle of volcanic activity in the Pacific Ocean).
Japan is very mountainous. Its tallest mountain is Mount Fuji. Only
20% of Japanese land is arable (suitable for farming). Japans main
natural resources are seafood and rice. The Mongols attacked Japan
in 1274 and Both times their ships were stopped by strong kamikaze
winds! Mt. Fuji Rice Paddy Above is the attempted invasion of Japan
by the Mongols (during the Yuan Dynasty in the 13th century). 2.
Look at the physical map on the left. How close is Japan to Russia
today? Pacific Ring of Fire On March , Japan experienced a
devastating earthquake, causing mass destruction. However, Japan is
a leader in geothermal energy (from magma under the Earths crust).
II Early Japan (300 710 CE) A) Early Japanese were hunters and
gatherers. They were controlled by clans (small political group
based on family ties, often led by an elder). B) The traditional
Japanese religion was Shinto (worship of kami; forces in nature; a
form of animism). C) Through cultural diffusion, early Japanese
culture absorbed many Chinese traditions and ideas including
Confucianism, Buddhism, art, architecture, and a system of writing.
D) By 400 CE Japan was united under an emperor, with the capital at
Nara. The first sumo wrestling matches were performed in honor of
the gods, in hopes of a good harvest. A Shinto Shrine Taika Reforms
The Taika reforms were a massive administrative, social, and
agrarian movement in Japan. The Taika refrom began after Japan just
went through a power shift from the Soga clan to the emperor and
the founder of the Fujiwara clan, Nakatomi Kamatari. To secure and
unite the nation under imperial rule, a massive program was to be
undertaken to reorganize the government. In the New Year of 646,
four edicts were proclaimed: The aristocrats must give up their
hereditary lands and all their serfs would be placed under
government control. The establishment of an imperial capital and
also to place a system of provinces and districts. Provincial
officials had to make a census on population, land ownership, tax
collection. Establishment of local militias. Taika Reforms
Continued
There were some abuses: 1. Taxes became higher and higher as time
went by. 2. The aristocrats were not obliged to pay any taxes on
the lands that they owned. These resulted to a gap between the rich
and the poor. 3. Working in the government was based on birth and
not by merit. III The Heian Period A) 794 CE Kyoto became the new
capital of Japan. B) 9th century poets began to write in Japanese
instead of in Chinese. C) Lady Murasaki Shikibu wrote The Tale of
Genji 1000 CE. *The worlds 1st known fictional novel! It is about
Genji, the son of the Emperor during the Heian period. It describes
in detail the differences between the nobles and the commoners.
Heian Court Dress IV Feudal Japan A) By the 9th century CE, the
power of the Emperor declined. Feudalism became the dominant form
of government in Japan. Emperor Shogun Land - Shoen Loyalty Land -
Shoen Daimyo Daimyo Loyalty Samurai Samurai Samurai Food Protection
Peasant Peasant Peasant Peasant Feudal Japan Continued
Emperor: The divine head of society, who held no real power. Lived
at Kyoto. Shogun: The emperors military deputy, who held real power
over Japan. Lived at Edo. Daimyo Lords: who held power over their
own land, under the control of the shogun. Samurai: Warriors, most
of whom enjoyed high social status but had very little power. Loyal
to their daimyo. Farmers, Artisans Merchants: People who traded
goods. They occupied the lowest rung of society, as Confucianism
viewed them as not contributing to society. Feudal Japan
Continued
B) The Samurai followed the Code of Bushido Way of the Warrior 1.
Honor 2. Bravery 3. Loyalty 4. Simplicity 5. If a Samurai
displeased his master or losta battle, he may practice seppuku
(ritualsuicide) so he will not lose honor. Osaka Castle Samurai
Armor V Gempei Wars 1180 1185 CE The Gempei Wars was a civil war
between the Taira and Minamoto clans that resulted in the Minamotos
establishment of the Kamakura shogunate, a military dictatorship
that dominated Japan from 1192 to The Gempei War thus lies at the
foundations of the 650-year era of the shogunate system, which was
essentially a military rule with the emperor serving as a
figurehead. Establishing the shogunate system was a major step in
the Japanese people's consolidation as one nation.
newworldencyclopedia.com Grave of Minamato Zen literally means
meditation.
VIZen Buddhism A) Zen Buddhism began in China in the 6th century.
It was greatly influenced by Taoism; Zen Buddhists have a great
respect for nature. It became popular in Japan by the 12th century.
B) Zen Buddhism greatly influenced Japanese culture. 1. Zen
Buddhism requires a strict mental focus and discipline, which
reinforced the Code of Bushido 2. Zen Buddhist Gardens were built
as places for meditation and beauty 3. Japanese Tea Ceremony: This
ceremony transforms the simple act of pouring tea into a beautiful
art form. 4. Haiku Poetry: Short, simple, beautiful poems. 5, 7,
then 5 syllables. Zen literally means meditation. Zen Garden This
Zen garden was designed deliberately for the purpose of meditation.
What materials were used? How were they placed? Zen Buddhist
Gardens for Every Season! VII Korea The Korean peninsula, dwarfed
by neighbor, is an extension of the Chinese mainland ruled by
indigenous dynasties. Chinese influences began to filter into
Korean culture when the Han conquered the Choson (Yi) Kingdom 109
BCE under Emperor Wudi , increasing Sinification (the spread of
Chinese culture). Buddhism and Chinese writing was adopted, but
Chinese bureaucracy never took hold, as the land owning nobles
didnt want it minimizing their own power. Silla,one of the three
kingdoms of ancient Korea, in 668 unified Korea under the Silla
Dynasty (668935). The Sui dynasty of China attempted unsuccessfully
to reconquer Korea. Soon afterward the more powerful Tang Dynasty
was able to conquer Korea but was challenged by constant
revolts.Finally the Tang emperor struck a deal with the Silla
kingdom.They agreed to remove all military forces from Korea if the
Silla would become vassals of the Tang dynasty and make regular
tribute payments. The benefits included access to Chinese culture
and universities, merchants went with emissaries to China. *This
made Korea a major channel for trade and cultural diffusion.
Bibimbop and other Korean Yum Yums!
The 3 Kingdoms of Korea Bibimbop and other Korean Yum Yums!
Gyeongju, Capital of the Sulla Dynasty, Korea Temple of the Jogye
Order of Korean Buddhism Focus Questions Describe at least 2 ways
that Japans geography has impacted its history and/or culture.
Using a Venn diagram, compare and contrast Japanese feudalism with
feudalism in Western Europe. Write your own haiku about Japan! Was
Sinification in Korea more positive or negative? Can of metal,
slick soft center, so cool, moistening I yearn for your salt my
friend pork shoulder I return to you. this time i've brought
mayonnaise Key Vocabulary Archipelago Choson Kingdom Clans Code of
Bushido Daiymo Emperor Wudi Feudalism Gempei Wars Heian Period
Kamikaze womds Lady Shikibu Mt. Fuji Pacific Ring of Fire Samurai
Sepukku Shinto Silla Dynasty Sinification Shogun The Tale of Genji
Zen Buddhism