acids, bases and salts. my numbering system slide title: a, b, c… - points on a slide: 1, 2, 3, -...
TRANSCRIPT
ACIDS, BASES and SALTS
My numbering system
Slide title: A, B, C…
- Points on a slide: 1, 2, 3,
- How to find it on your note handout: A1, A2, B1, B2…
A. What you need to know?A1. What is a/an acid, base, salt?A2. How to name themA3. Acid, base, salt propertiesA4. Identify at least 3 products that are acids, bases, and salts used in daily life
B. Common AcidsName Formula
Organic(= Carbon-containing) acids
vinegar (acetic acid) HC2H3O2
citric acid HC6H7O2
ascorbic acid HC6H7O6
lactic acid HC3H5O3
acetylsalicylic acid HC9H7O4
Inorganic (=no carbon) acids
sulfuric acid H2SO4
carbonic acid H2CO3
phosphoric acid H3PO4
nitric acid HNO3
hydrochloric acid HCl
hydrobromic acid HBr
hydrofluoric acid HF
C. What is an acid?C1. An acid is a compound that accepts pair of electrons. Commonly, most acid have proton (H+) in their chemical formula
D.How to name acid
D1. Inorganic acids (=no C, O in formula):Hydro---ic acid
e.g.
HF Hydrofluoric acidHCl Hydrochloric acidHBr Hydrobromic acidHI Hydroiodic acid
How to name acid (cont.)D2. Oxoacids (oxygen-containing acids):
(Non-ate part)- ic acid
Oxoacids Non-ate part Names
HClO3 Chlor- Chloric acid
HNO3 Nitr- Nitric acid
H2CO3 Carbon- Carbonic acid
HBrO3 Brom- Bromic acid
HIO3 Iod- Iodic acid
HC2H3O2 Acet- Acetic acid
How to name acid (cont.)D3. Oxoacids that are slight exceptions to the naming rules of:
(Non-ate part)- ic acid
Oxoacids Non-ate part Names
H2SO4 Sulph- Sulfuric acid
H3PO4 Phosph- Phosphoric acid
E. Common Acid Properties
• E1. Sour• E2. Corrosive• E3. Water-soluble• E4. Good electricity conductors
F. Acids in everyday life
F2.Citric acidAlso, ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
F1.Carbonic acid (H2CO3)
F. Acids in everyday life
F5.Sour milk (lactic acid)
F3. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)
F4. Cheese (acetic acid)
F6. Sorbic Acid: a preservative
G1.Heartburn:Caused by HCl from the stomach comes back up the esophagus
G. Acids in the body
H. Bee Sting and Formic Acid
Formic Acid
BASES
I. Common BasesFocus only on inorganic bases
Name Formula
Sodium hydroxide NaOH
Potassium hydroxide KOH
Aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3
Ammonium hydroxide NH4OH
Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3
Potassium sulfite K2SO3
J. What is a base?
J1. A base is a compound which donate pairs of electrons. Commonly, most bases have hydroxide (OH-) in their chemical formula
K-How to name bases?
Metal name first+ hydroxide
e.g
LiOH Lithium hydroxideMg(OH)2 Magnesium hydroxide
Ca(OH)2 Calcium hydroxide
Fe(OH)2 Iron hydroxide
L. Common Acid PropertiesBases:• L1. are bitter• L2. feel slippery• L3. are water-soluble• L4. are good electricity conductors
M. Bases in everyday life
M1.Drain cleaners contains NaOH
M2. Windex (NH3)
M3. Baking soda(NaHCO3)
N. What would you do if?
N1.Your car battery acid (H2SO4) is spilled?
SALTS
O. What is a salt?O1. Salts are composed of positively charged ion (cation) and negatively charged ion (anion)
O2. A salt is formed when acid react with base
E.g. CuSO4
P. Applications of Salts
P1. Soaps and Detergents
P2. Fertilizer (e.g. Ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate)
P. Applications of Salts (cont.)
Q. Salt and our Canadian’s weather
Q1. Why put salt on the sidewalk when it snows?
Q. Salt and our Canadian’s weather
Q1. Road salt helps reduce the freezing point of snow
R. A Cultural Look at Food Preservation
Table salts
• What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about ACIDS today?
• What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about BASES today?
• What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about SALTS today?