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A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems Open Range Consulting (ORC) Gregg Simonds & Eric Sant October, 2013

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Page 1: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems

Open Range Consulting (ORC) Gregg Simonds & Eric Sant

October, 2013

Page 2: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

University of Idaho, Karen Launchbaugh and Eva Strand, with input from the SRM I&E committee.

Food and Fiber

Water Security

Carbon Cycle

Page 3: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Grazing is Ubiquitous

Cost Effective and Statistically Valid Monitoring

Page 4: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Historical Rangeland Assessment Spatially Limited

Page 5: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Historical Landscape Assessment

Historical Rangeland Assessment Spatially Limited

Page 6: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

1964

1965

1966

Lee Sharp, 1990

Historical Rangeland Assessment Temporally Limited

Page 7: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

ORC’s Rangeland Assessment

Historical Landscape Assessment

Page 8: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

ORC’s Rangeland Assessment

Historical Landscape Assessment

Page 9: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

ORC’s Rangeland Assessment

Historical Landscape Assessment

Page 10: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

ORC’s Rangeland Assessment

Historical Landscape Assessment

Page 11: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

ORC’s Rangeland Assessment

Historical Landscape Assessment

Page 12: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

ORC’s Rangeland Assessment

Rancher Cowboy

Resource Specialist

Homer

Page 13: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

ORC’s Rangeland Assessment

• Upland Assessment

• Riparian Assessment

• Three Creeks vs. DLL Comparison

Page 14: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

• Bare Ground • Herbaceous • Litter • Shrubs

Focus on Functional Cover Types ORC’s Rangeland Assessment

Page 15: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Upland Assessment

On-The-Ground

High Resolution Photos

6x7 m 2mm 18 Million Pixels

• Bare Ground • Herbaceous • Litter • Shrubs

Page 16: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Upland Assessment

On-The-Ground

High Resolution Photos

6x7 m 2mm 18 Million Pixels

• Bare Ground • Herbaceous • Litter • Shrubs

Page 17: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting
Page 18: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Bareground 99%

Herbaceous 92%

Litter 95%

Shrub 90%

Page 19: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

1m Accuracy R2

Bareground 0.92

Herbaceous 0.89

Litter 0.85

Shrub 0.91

Page 20: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 0%

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PER

CEN

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EATE

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HES

Crop Year Precipitation & Treatments

% Treated Crop Year Precip

Page 21: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

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Sagebrush Cover Continuous (1995 -2010)

Page 22: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

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Bare Ground Continuous Cover (1995-2010)

Page 23: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

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Herbaceous Continuous Cover (1993-2010)

Page 24: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Shrub Cover Change 1995-2010

• Warm Colors Decreasing Shrub • Cool Colors Increasing Shrub

Page 25: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Riparian Assessment Focus on Important Functional Ground Cover

• Upland Veg. • Bare Ground • Riparian Veg. • Water

Page 26: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Assess Within the Potential Riparian Area (PRA)

Page 27: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Riparian Assessment

Page 28: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Riparian Assessment

Page 29: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Water Table

Sediment PFC Fish

Populations

Water Temperature

Increasing Riparian Vegetation Within the PRA

Correlated to Positive Changes in the Following Riparian Indicators

Page 30: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Three Creeks vs. DLL Comparison

Page 31: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Elevation Climate Woodruff Weather Station • Temperature • Precipitation

DLL • Mostly Private • Adaptive, Time Controlled (1976) • 4.4 Acres/AUM Three Creeks • Mostly Public • Season Long Grazing • 6.75 Acres/AUM

Physically Similar

Different Management

Page 32: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Standards and Guidelines 1. Sufficient cover and litter to protect the soil surface from excessive water and wind erosion, promote infiltration, detain surface flow, and retard soil moisture loss by evaporation

USFS Objectives for Range Management 1. Manage range vegetation to protect basic soil and water resources

Page 33: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

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Perennial Grass Tall Sagebrush Short Sagebrush

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Bare Ground by Dominant Landcover

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Bareground Sagebrush Herbaceous/Litter

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Average Continuous Cover

DLL Three Creeks

Overall Comparison

Page 34: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Analysis Area

Semi Desert Loam

Analysis Areas

Deseret

Three Creeks ´0 2 4 6 8 101Miles

Semi-Desert Loam Comparison

15% 30% 35% 40% 20% 25%

DLL

3 Crks

28% 36%

NRCS ESD: Bare Ground Ranges from 25% - 35%

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Bareground Shrub Herb/litter

Average Cover (Semi-Desert Loam)

DLL Three Creeks

Page 35: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Standards and Guidelines 2. Riparian and wetland areas are in properly functioning condition….

Page 36: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

0%

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NF FAR PFC

Percent of Streams in PFC Rating

DLL Three Creeks

Riparian PFC Comparison

Page 37: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

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Allotments

1976

2006

2009

Allotment Comparison % Riparian Vegetation within the PRA

Page 38: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

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Percent Riparian Vegetation withing the PRA (By Grazing Management)

Exclosure

Season Long

Time Control

Long Term Trend of Riparian Vegetation Within the PRA

Page 39: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Standards and Guidelines 3: Desired species, including native, threatened, endangered and special status species, are maintained at a level appropriate for the site and species involved.

Page 40: A Rangeland Assessment Method: Comparing Two Grazing Management Systems by Gregg Simonds and Eric Sant, Open Range Consulting

Questions & Comments