6 pediatric research
TRANSCRIPT
Profesor: Rosa Gonzáles LlontopStudents: Campos Milian Leidy Chavesta Manrique Xinthia Huamán Cueva Zoila Racchumí Nima Anita Ramírez Armas Karina Velásquez Espinal José
N°6
6
«Study Identifies a
Window of
Opportunity for
Cochlear Implants in
Deaf Children»
COCHLEAR IMPLANT
Short introduction
What is a cochlear implant?
What a cochlear implant does?
Cochlear implant surgery
Can a cochlear implant resstore hearing for everyone?
Learning to use a cochlear implant
1
Short introduction
Cochlear implantsCochlear implants
Somet
imes
calle
d
“BIONIC EAR”
Offers the hope of regaining or restoring the ability to sense sound for some people who have experienced significant
hearing loss.
Help some children
and adults experience
talking on the phone,
listening to music,
and hearing the
voices of their friends
and loved ones.
2
What is a cochlear implant?
Is an
Surgically implanted device that helps overcome
problems in the inner ear, or cochlea.
3
What a cochlear implant does?
The cochlea
The cochlea is a snail-shaped, curled tube located in the area of the ear where nerves are contained.
Its function is to gather electrical signals from sound vibrations and transmit them to your auditory nerve (or hearing nerve).
The hearing nerve
.The hearing nerve then sends these signals to the brain, where they're translated into recognizable sounds.
If important parts of the cochlea aren't working properly and the hearing nerve isn't being stimulated, there's no way for the electrical signals to get to the brain.
Therefore, hearing doesn't occur.
The cochlear implant artificially stimulates the inner ear area with electrical signals, sends those signals to the hearing nerve, and allows the user to hear.
The actual cochlear implant consists of an implant package, which is secured inside the skull, and a sound and speech processor, which is worn externally (outside the body).
Several components of the cochlear implant work together to receive sound, transfer it to the hearing nerve, and send it to the brain.
The implant package is made up of
•A receiver-stimulator that contains all of the electronic circuits that control the flow of electrical pulses into the ear.
•An antenna that receives the signals from the external sound and speech processor
•A magnet that holds the external sound and speech processor in place
•One wire containing electrodes that are inserted into the cochlea.
The sound and speech processor is a minicomputer that processes sound into digital information, and then sends that information to the implant package in the form of electrical signals.
The components of the sound and speech processor include:
•The actual sound and speech processing device
•A microphone.
•A transmitter that sends the signals to the implant package.
4
Cochlear implant surgery
THE ACTUAL SURGICAL
PROCEDURE
After having cochlear implant
surgery, a child
5
Can a cochlear implant resstore hearing for
everyone?
microphone picks up sound
microphone picks up sound
The sound and speech
processor analyzes the sound and
converts it into an electrical
signal.
The sound and speech
processor analyzes the sound and
converts it into an electrical
signal.
The transmitter sends the signal to the implant
package, where it's decoded.
The transmitter sends the signal to the implant
package, where it's decoded.
The nerve endings in the cochlea are
stimulated
The nerve endings in the cochlea are
stimulated
The brain interprets the sound and the person hears.
The brain interprets the sound and the person hears.
Cochlear Implant Surgery
The surgical procedure,
which takes 2-4 hours and uses
general anesthesia
Will probably be able to go home the next day
Will probably be able to go home the next day
Will have to wear a dressing over the implant area for 24
hours
Will have to wear a dressing over the implant area for 24
hours
May be off-balance or dizzy for a few daysMay be off-balance or dizzy for a few days May experience mild to moderate pain
May experience mild to moderate pain
6
Learning to use a cochlear implant
Learning to Use a Cochlear Implant
1The specialist must fine-tune the sound and speech processor for
every patient.
The user begins to pick up sounds with the implant, but giving the implant full power is a gradual
process that takes several months.
2
3During the programming process, the user
attends speech and language therapy sessions to help identify and interpret the
new sounds he or she is hearing.
The therapy includes parent education and training.
4
Therapy will help a child develop and understand spoken language
through detecting, imitating, and associating meanings of sounds.
In many cases, therapy has helped kids with cochlear implants develop
speech and language on par with their peers and attend mainstream
schools.
Some families choose to have implants in both
ears.
This can help with speech detection when there is
background noise and in localizing the source of
sounds.
